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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection课堂教学课件ppt
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这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection课堂教学课件ppt
Unit 3 Environmental protectionWords and expressions(2)按课本单词表顺序basin [ˈbeɪsn]n. 流域；盆地；盆penguin [ˈpeŋɡwɪn]n. 企鹅reform [rɪˈfɔːm]vi. & vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良the economic/political/educational reformland reform promote reform 1.Great changes have taken place in China since it began the reform and opening-up policy.2.We should try to reform prisoners through labour rather than punish them.3.Our company____________________(reform) its promoting system by the end of last year.had reformedreformer cn. 改革家；改革运动者；改良者经济/政治/教育改革土地改革 促进改革 ; 推进改革 ;undergo [ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ] vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等) (undergo-underwent-undergone ) undergo great changesundergo heart surgery undergo surgery undergo a complete transformation 经历巨变做心脏手术进行手术经历蜕变 implementation n. 实施；贯彻Many universities have implemented a study-abroad policy in order for students to receive a degree.为了让学生获得学位，许多大学实施了出国留学政策。If parents frequently tell them patience in their daily life, children do catch it and implement it in their lives.如果父母经常在日常生活中告知孩子们要有耐心，他们会领会并且在生活中有耐心。implement [ˈɪmplɪmənt] vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行 n.工具，器具stone implement 石器；石器用具implement new systemimplement measures implement changes/policies/reforms/plan实施新体制实施措施实施变革/政策/改革/计划harmonious [hɑːˈməʊniəs]adj. 和谐的 in harmony with in harmony The harmony of sea and skyharmonious worlda harmonious society 词汇拓展：glory --- glorious victory --- victorious mystery --- mysterious harmony n. 和谐= harmoniously1.We must try to live ___ harmony with ourselves and those around us.2.我确信不同民族的人民可以融洽相处。（强调；it作形式宾语） I do believe it possible for different ethnic groups to live together in harmony.3.Wood was harmonious with nature.木材与自然和谐共生。in与...协调和谐地 海天一色和谐世界一个和谐的社会 P28. In response to this environment issue, China is implementing significant policies and measures to address climate change, aiming to restrict coal consumption, promote a harmonious relationship between man and nature. 为了应对这一环境问题，中国正在实施应对气候变化的重大政策和措施，旨在限制煤炭消耗，促进人与自然的和谐关系。The architecture is harmonious and no building is over five or six floors high. 这里的建筑风格和谐统一，没有哪座楼房高于五六层。Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in __________ with nature. harmony 人类的生命被视为自然的一部分，因此，我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。moderate [ˈmɒdərət]: adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的 vi. & vt. 缓和；使适中 比较级more moderate 最高级most moderatemoderate pricemoderate climate students of moderate ability take moderate exercise 价格公道 ; 合理价格温和气候能力一般的学生适度锻炼submit [səbˈmɪt]: vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服submit --- submitted --- submitted; submitting submission n. 屈服；提交 词汇拓展： admit ; permit ; emitsubmit registration submit sth. to sb. submit applications/a complaint the deadline for submission submit tosubmit to discipline submit oneself to She refused to submit to threats.她面对威胁，拒不低头。提交登记表；提交注册向某人提交某物提交申请/控诉书提交的最后期限屈服于 ; 顺从 ; 随从 ; 顺服服从纪律屈服于 P28. According to the report submitted by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carton dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests. 根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放量是由热带森林的密集破坏造成的。 The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval. 该计划将送交委员会正式批准。He submitted to the unjust treatment. 他屈服于这种不公平的待遇。 The plan ______________ to the committee for official approval. 该计划将送交委员会正式批准。will be submitted (1) ___ (2) ___________________(3)__________________向...屈服，顺从于把...交给某人submit (oneself) to submit sth to sb submission of proposalsn.提案的呈交(1)Whenever I underwent difficulties, I never submit (myself) to them. 含义：(2)I submitted my resume to the manager before the interview. 含义：屈服于他们把简历交给经理1.All applications must _____________(submit) by Monday.2.They submitted their reports ______ the manager yesterday.be submittedtoannual [ˈænjuəl]adj. 每年的；一年的n. 年刊；年鉴annually adv. 一年一次地an annual subscriptionan annual event an annual budget年度订阅费;-年期订阅一年一度的大事年度预算subscribe annually gather annuallybe held annually 每年订购一年一度地聚会每年举行一次tropical [ˈtrɒpɪkl] adj. 热带的；来自热带的the tropical rain forests tropical storm 热带雨林热带风暴 chaos [ˈkeɪɒs] n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱disorder in chaos chaos theory chaos and confusion 混乱；纷乱 混沌理论混乱与浑沌on behalf [bɪˈhɑːf] of代表(代替)某人=represent=on sb.'s behalf=stand for代表某人利益 ; 代表某人 ; 为了的利益代表全班 ; 代表班级代表我的同事代表部门代表某人自己on behalf of sbon behalf of the classon behalf of my colleagueson behalf of the department on one's own behalfThey campaigned on behalf of asylum seekers.他们为政治难民发起运动。 P29. I’m doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming. 我代表学校做一个关于全球变暖的项目。I would also like to say sorry on behalf of my group. 我也谨代表我的集团表示歉意。 ____________ my Government I have the honour to make to you the following communications. 我荣幸地代表我国政府向您转达如下内容。On behalf of 1.Brown areas __________(represent) desert on the map.2.The offer has yet to be accepted by the lawyers ____________(represent) the victims.3.I, ____ _____ ____(代表)our class, welcome you warmly and sincerely.4.What does ATM stand for?5.我很高兴在这里代表我们学校进行演出。representon behalf of representingI am glad to put on a performance here on behalf of our school.I am glad to put on a performance here representing our school.nuclear [ˈnjuːkliə(r)] adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的sensitive [ˈsensətɪv] adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的sense vt. 感觉sensible adj. 明智的；合理的sensitively adv.敏感地 sensible advice be sensitive to be sensitive about 合理的建议对…敏感/体贴对…介意1.My teeth are very sensitive to cold food.2.Laura’s sensitive about her weight.3.It made me much more sensitive to the needs of the disabled.4.This in an extremely sensitive microscope. P29. Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic? 为什么核电是一个敏感话题？ 词根sens = feel 感觉 sense n. 感觉词缀tive 表形容词，有…倾向（性质）的 addictive adj. (使人)上瘾的 I think a lot of people, women in particular, steer clear of these sensitive issues. 我认为很多人，特别是女性，都会回避这些敏感问题。 Sensitive refers to how easily you react to things and how much you are aware of things or other people. Sensible refers to your ability to make good judgement. She gave me some very ___________ advice. 她给了我一些非常合理的建议。He's very ___________ about his weight. 他很忌讳别人说他胖。He was a gentle,___________, lovable man who will be missed by a host of friends. 他是一个温和、体贴而且可爱的人，许多朋友都会想念他的。 sensiblesensitivesensitivesensitive / sensible jungle [ˈdʒʌŋɡl] n.(热带)丛林；密林smog [smɒɡ] n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)smoke + fog =smog breakfast + lunch = brunchIf the air you’re breathing is clean — which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities, then the air is filled with life — giving energizing oxyen.（2019高考）如果你呼吸的空气是干净的，如果你远离城市的雾霾，那么空气中充满了充满活力的氧气。 P30. The expression “smog” originated in Britain and means a combination of “smoke” and “fog”.“烟雾”一词起源于英国，意思是“烟雾”和“雾”的组合。 拼缀法 Blending smoke + fog = smog situation + comedy = sitcom 情景喜剧breakfast + lunch = brunch __________motor + hotel = motel ___________high + technology = hi-tech ___________Europe + Asia = Eurasia ___________早午餐汽车旅馆高科技欧亚大陆originate [əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt] vi. & vt. 起源；发源；创立origin n. 起源；起因 original adj. 最初的；原始的；独创的originally adv.最初/原先originate from 源自 The style of architecture originated from the ancient Greece. 这种建筑风格起源于古希腊。 It originated in Britain in the early 20th century, when smog was a severe problem. 它起源于20世纪初的英国，当时烟雾是一个严重的问题。The disease is thought to have originated in the tropics. 这种疾病据说起源于热带地区。Many buildings on the campus are his _________ creations. 校园里的许多建筑都是他独创的。（2018 全国卷） 1.The technique ____________ (originate) by an Italian artist.2.She never forgot her humble origins.3.All meat should be clearly labeled with its country of origin.4.最初的计划是明天提交报告。（不定式作表语）original was originatedThe original plan is to submit the report tomorrow.volume [ˈvɒljuːm] n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷a volume of poetry the volume of... order in volume trade volume 一卷诗集......的量大量订购贸易量 P32. Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. 以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，很多游客频繁地将垃圾扔进江中。garbage [ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ]n. 垃圾；废物garbage can 同义词 rubbish /litter/trash When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. 出去散步时，带上一个小垃圾袋。Garbage pollutes our rivers and lakes. 垃圾污染我们的河川湖泊。While restaurants throw away tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of locked _____________ containers, health regulations, or business policies. 虽然餐馆每年都会扔掉成吨的食物，但由于上锁的垃圾桶、卫生条例或商业政策，大部分食物仍然是无法获得的。（2019 高考 浙江卷）garbage P32. Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. 以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，很多游客频繁地将垃圾扔进江中。enterprise [ˈentəpraɪz] n. 公司；企业；事业enterprising adj. 有进取心的 undertake /build an enterprise 创办企业/事业 P32. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. 旅游业的发展也意味着当地人口迅速增长，以及商业和工业企业的数量增加。 Many enterprises will be forced to close. 很多家企业将被迫倒闭。He is still involved in voluntary work promoting local __________. 他仍在从事促进当地创业的志愿者工作。enterpriserestore [rɪˈstɔː(r)] vt. 恢复；使复原；修复 restoration n. 恢复；复原；修复restore one's sight restore sb. /sth. to sth. restore sth. restore sth. to… 1. The operation restored his sight .2. We hope to restore the garden to its former glory. 3. The police have now restored the painting to its owner. 恢复视力使复原；使复位修复 把……归还给…… P32. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river's original beauty. 当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施来恢复河流的原貌。词缀 re- 再 recover v. 恢复 +store 储藏；存放 引申为恢复，修复 Her friend's kindness has restored her faith in human nature. 她朋友的善意使她恢复了对人性的信心。 He is now fully ___________ to health. 他现在完全恢复了健康。This beautiful old building _______________ to its former glory. 这座美丽的老建筑物已恢复了昔日的壮观。It took the government three years __________ the economy to full strength. 政府花了3年时间才使经济完全复苏。has been restoredto restorerestored recover v. 恢复；康复；复原 指人从疾病等中康复过来或某事物恢复常态，常后接介词 from; 也指恢复能力、知觉等。 He's recovering from a heart attack. 他心脏病发作了，正在康复之中。restore v. 恢复 指使某事物恢复到从前的状态，也指恢复某种乐观的情绪。 These two countries restored diplomatic relations with each other one year ago. 这两个国家一年前恢复了外交关系。recover；restoreconservation [ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn] n. 对(环境、文物等)保护；保持conserve vt. 保存；保护conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的conservationist n. 保护主义者wildlife/ forest conservationconservation of energy conservation areasenvironmental conservation野生生物/森林保护能量守恒(定律)/能源的节约保护区环境保护 P32. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation. 污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，提高了节约用水水平。We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds．(2018 高考江苏卷) 在我们敦促国会加强耕地保护、推动移民改革、寻求在不同背景下保障多种多样、规模宏大的新一代农场成功建设的政策之际，纽约金融中心需要广泛的支持。______________ programs cannot function without local support. 没有地方的支持，自然环境保护项目就无法运作。Conservation(1) ___________________(2) ___________________(3)_____________________节约用水节约能源water conservationconserve energyconservative views保守的观念(1)The waste water treatment facilities improved water conservation 含义：(2)The plant closed for th weekend to conserve energy. 含义：(3)He couldn't accept the conservative views of his parents. 含义：节约了用水节约能源保守的观念dozen [ˈdʌzn] n. (一)打；十二个dozens of: 许多；很多dozens of countries 许多国家 two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋There are dozens of reasons why kids skip breakfast. 孩子们不吃早餐的原因有很多。dozen前有_________或具有_____________的词，如：_________________________等修饰限制时，dozen要用______形式,后面接_____________，且名词前通常无需用介词of。数词数词意义a, many, several, some, a few单数可数名词复数a dozen eggs2 dozen soft drinksP32. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. 许多污染企业被关闭或搬迁。 He said there were dozens of economic plans in the works. 他说有几十项经济计划已经开始实施。The project has gone through nearly a dozen years of planning. 该项目已历经近12年的规划。3.A dozen or so cars were parked near the entrance.4.You will be able to take ten dozen bottles free of duty through customs.5.The riot(暴乱) left four people dead and several dozen injured.regulation [ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn] n. 章程；规章制度 regulate vt.管理;控制;调节safety regulationsfire/ safety/ building regulations安全规章防火条例/安全规章/ 建筑法规Under the new regulations, __________(spend) on office equipment will be strictly controlled.根据新的规定，办公设备开支将受到严格控制。spending P32. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development.当地政府制定了关于进一步发展工业的严格章程。 The new regulations will put many small businesses out of business. 新法规将使很多小企业关闭。The economic market is a self-correcting mechanism, which does not need regulation by government. 经济市场是一种自动调节的机制，不需要政府调控。The company was found guilty of contravening safety __________ 那家公司被判违反了安全条例。regulations disposal [dɪˈspəʊzl] n. 去掉；清除；处理 dispose vt.&vi. 处理；处置；安排disposable adj. 一次性的；用完即丢弃的词汇拓展：arrive --- arrival survive --- survivalrefuse --- refusal propose --- proposalapprove --- approval disapprove --- disapprovalgarbage disposal the disposal of nuclear waste dispose of dispose of the waste at one’s disposal 垃圾处理核废料的处理 处理；消除 处理废物任某人处理/ 自行支配1.Engine oil cannot be disposed of down drains.2.He has said he will use all the weapons at his disposal.他放出话说他将使出十八般武艺。 inspection [ɪnˈspekʃn]n. 检查；查看；视察inspect vt. 检查；视察inspector n. 检查员；检阅官carry out regular inspections inspect the army 定期检查检阅部队1.However, on closer ________(inspect), a number of problems emerged.2.Each hotel ____________(inspect) and, if it fulfills certain criteria, is recommended.3.老师走来走去检查他们的作业。（非谓语作状语）is inspectedinspectionThe teacher walked around inspecting their work. P33. At the same time, they started to carry out inspection regularly and fine tourist organizations for abuses. 与此同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对滥用职权的旅游组织进行罚款。 Would you mind pointing out your luggage for inspection? 可否把你的行李指给我们检查？The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers. 士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。 are being inspectedfine [faɪn] vt. 对…处以罚款 fine n. 罚金；罚款fine sb. for (doing) sth.因（做）某事对某人处以罚款fine sb. for breaking the traffic rules因违反交通规则处以某人罚款pay a 50 fine = pay a fine of 50付50美元的罚金1.Many people regard Beethoven’s fifth symphony as his finest work.2.If it’s fine tomorrow we’ll go out. 3.She’ll wear fine jewelry wherever she goes.4.She __________(fine)$500 and banned from driving for one month.5.Councils will get sweeping powers to impose fines on drivers who park illegally.各市政会将有绝对权力对违章停车者处以罚款。was fined P33. At the same time, they started to carry out inspection regularly and fine tourist organizations for abuses. 与此同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对滥用职权的旅游组织进行罚款。The driver was fined fifty dollars for speeding. 司机因超速行驶被罚了五十元。The driver paid a fine of fifty dollars for speeding. 司机因超速行驶付了五十元的罚金。 The penalty for speeding can be a heavy _______. 超速驾驶可能会被处以高额罚款。The company _________ £20 000 for breaching safety regulations. 这家公司因违反安全条例而被罚款2万英镑。finewas finedcampaign [kæmˈpeɪn] n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动campaign for campaign against the HuaiHai campaigna national campaignlaunch a campaign 为…助选开展反对…的活动淮海战役全国性的运动发起一场运动waterway [ˈwɔːtəweɪ] n. 水道；航道tolerate [ˈtɒləreɪt] vt. 忍受；包容；容许 tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的tolerance n. 宽容；容忍 同义词:standbearendureput up withThis sort of behavior will not be tolerated.这种行为是不能容许的①tolerate(sb/sth) doing sth 容忍(某人)做某事 tolerant adj.宽容的/容忍的;（植物/动物/机器）能耐…的②be tolerant of/towards sth. 对……容忍；耐…… tolerance un.容忍/包容;(痛苦/困难等的)忍受程度/忍耐力 ③have zero/no tolerance for 对...零/不容忍 P34. The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation. 村民们再也不能容忍这种情况了。 The ability to tolerate pain varies from person to person. 对疼痛的忍受力因人而异。She refused to tolerate being called a liar. 她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。 At times, the heat was barely ___________. 有时天气炎热得几乎令人难以忍受。 tolerable(1) ___________________(2) ___________________(3)___________________tolerate doing sthhave zero tolerance for be tolerant of 容忍做某事容忍对…零容忍(1)The surgeon can't tolerate being disturbed by others 含义：(2)They need to be tolerant of different points of view. 含义：(3)The school has zero tolerance for students cheating on exams. 含义：不能容忍被打扰对…零容忍容忍不同的观点1.There is a limit to ___________one person can tolerate.2.She refused to tolerate _____________(call) a liar.3.The plants are tolerant____________ frost.4.The inspector warned that they had zero tolerance for cheating.5.我不知道你怎么能忍受那样的噪音。（宾语从句）whatbeing calledof/towardsI don’t know how you tolerated that noise.agenda [əˈdʒendə] n. 议程表；议事日程be high on the agenda = be on top of the agendabe top of the agenda on an agenda off the agenda 当务之急\高度重视是优先考虑的事在议程中不予考虑They seized the opportunity to discuss the next item on the agenda. 他们抓住机会讨论议程上的下一个项目。Thanks
Unit 3 Environmental protectionWords and expressions(2)按课本单词表顺序basin [ˈbeɪsn]n. 流域；盆地；盆penguin [ˈpeŋɡwɪn]n. 企鹅reform [rɪˈfɔːm]vi. & vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良the economic/political/educational reformland reform promote reform 1.Great changes have taken place in China since it began the reform and opening-up policy.2.We should try to reform prisoners through labour rather than punish them.3.Our company____________________(reform) its promoting system by the end of last year.had reformedreformer cn. 改革家；改革运动者；改良者经济/政治/教育改革土地改革 促进改革 ; 推进改革 ;undergo [ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ] vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等) (undergo-underwent-undergone ) undergo great changesundergo heart surgery undergo surgery undergo a complete transformation 经历巨变做心脏手术进行手术经历蜕变 implementation n. 实施；贯彻Many universities have implemented a study-abroad policy in order for students to receive a degree.为了让学生获得学位，许多大学实施了出国留学政策。If parents frequently tell them patience in their daily life, children do catch it and implement it in their lives.如果父母经常在日常生活中告知孩子们要有耐心，他们会领会并且在生活中有耐心。implement [ˈɪmplɪmənt] vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行 n.工具，器具stone implement 石器；石器用具implement new systemimplement measures implement changes/policies/reforms/plan实施新体制实施措施实施变革/政策/改革/计划harmonious [hɑːˈməʊniəs]adj. 和谐的 in harmony with in harmony The harmony of sea and skyharmonious worlda harmonious society 词汇拓展：glory --- glorious victory --- victorious mystery --- mysterious harmony n. 和谐= harmoniously1.We must try to live ___ harmony with ourselves and those around us.2.我确信不同民族的人民可以融洽相处。（强调；it作形式宾语） I do believe it possible for different ethnic groups to live together in harmony.3.Wood was harmonious with nature.木材与自然和谐共生。in与...协调和谐地 海天一色和谐世界一个和谐的社会 P28. In response to this environment issue, China is implementing significant policies and measures to address climate change, aiming to restrict coal consumption, promote a harmonious relationship between man and nature. 为了应对这一环境问题，中国正在实施应对气候变化的重大政策和措施，旨在限制煤炭消耗，促进人与自然的和谐关系。The architecture is harmonious and no building is over five or six floors high. 这里的建筑风格和谐统一，没有哪座楼房高于五六层。Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in __________ with nature. harmony 人类的生命被视为自然的一部分，因此，我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。moderate [ˈmɒdərət]: adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的 vi. & vt. 缓和；使适中 比较级more moderate 最高级most moderatemoderate pricemoderate climate students of moderate ability take moderate exercise 价格公道 ; 合理价格温和气候能力一般的学生适度锻炼submit [səbˈmɪt]: vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服submit --- submitted --- submitted; submitting submission n. 屈服；提交 词汇拓展： admit ; permit ; emitsubmit registration submit sth. to sb. submit applications/a complaint the deadline for submission submit tosubmit to discipline submit oneself to She refused to submit to threats.她面对威胁，拒不低头。提交登记表；提交注册向某人提交某物提交申请/控诉书提交的最后期限屈服于 ; 顺从 ; 随从 ; 顺服服从纪律屈服于 P28. According to the report submitted by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carton dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests. 根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放量是由热带森林的密集破坏造成的。 The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval. 该计划将送交委员会正式批准。He submitted to the unjust treatment. 他屈服于这种不公平的待遇。 The plan ______________ to the committee for official approval. 该计划将送交委员会正式批准。will be submitted (1) ___ (2) ___________________(3)__________________向...屈服，顺从于把...交给某人submit (oneself) to submit sth to sb submission of proposalsn.提案的呈交(1)Whenever I underwent difficulties, I never submit (myself) to them. 含义：(2)I submitted my resume to the manager before the interview. 含义：屈服于他们把简历交给经理1.All applications must _____________(submit) by Monday.2.They submitted their reports ______ the manager yesterday.be submittedtoannual [ˈænjuəl]adj. 每年的；一年的n. 年刊；年鉴annually adv. 一年一次地an annual subscriptionan annual event an annual budget年度订阅费;-年期订阅一年一度的大事年度预算subscribe annually gather annuallybe held annually 每年订购一年一度地聚会每年举行一次tropical [ˈtrɒpɪkl] adj. 热带的；来自热带的the tropical rain forests tropical storm 热带雨林热带风暴 chaos [ˈkeɪɒs] n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱disorder in chaos chaos theory chaos and confusion 混乱；纷乱 混沌理论混乱与浑沌on behalf [bɪˈhɑːf] of代表(代替)某人=represent=on sb.'s behalf=stand for代表某人利益 ; 代表某人 ; 为了的利益代表全班 ; 代表班级代表我的同事代表部门代表某人自己on behalf of sbon behalf of the classon behalf of my colleagueson behalf of the department on one's own behalfThey campaigned on behalf of asylum seekers.他们为政治难民发起运动。 P29. I’m doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming. 我代表学校做一个关于全球变暖的项目。I would also like to say sorry on behalf of my group. 我也谨代表我的集团表示歉意。 ____________ my Government I have the honour to make to you the following communications. 我荣幸地代表我国政府向您转达如下内容。On behalf of 1.Brown areas __________(represent) desert on the map.2.The offer has yet to be accepted by the lawyers ____________(represent) the victims.3.I, ____ _____ ____(代表)our class, welcome you warmly and sincerely.4.What does ATM stand for?5.我很高兴在这里代表我们学校进行演出。representon behalf of representingI am glad to put on a performance here on behalf of our school.I am glad to put on a performance here representing our school.nuclear [ˈnjuːkliə(r)] adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的sensitive [ˈsensətɪv] adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的sense vt. 感觉sensible adj. 明智的；合理的sensitively adv.敏感地 sensible advice be sensitive to be sensitive about 合理的建议对…敏感/体贴对…介意1.My teeth are very sensitive to cold food.2.Laura’s sensitive about her weight.3.It made me much more sensitive to the needs of the disabled.4.This in an extremely sensitive microscope. P29. Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic? 为什么核电是一个敏感话题？ 词根sens = feel 感觉 sense n. 感觉词缀tive 表形容词，有…倾向（性质）的 addictive adj. (使人)上瘾的 I think a lot of people, women in particular, steer clear of these sensitive issues. 我认为很多人，特别是女性，都会回避这些敏感问题。 Sensitive refers to how easily you react to things and how much you are aware of things or other people. Sensible refers to your ability to make good judgement. She gave me some very ___________ advice. 她给了我一些非常合理的建议。He's very ___________ about his weight. 他很忌讳别人说他胖。He was a gentle,___________, lovable man who will be missed by a host of friends. 他是一个温和、体贴而且可爱的人，许多朋友都会想念他的。 sensiblesensitivesensitivesensitive / sensible jungle [ˈdʒʌŋɡl] n.(热带)丛林；密林smog [smɒɡ] n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)smoke + fog =smog breakfast + lunch = brunchIf the air you’re breathing is clean — which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities, then the air is filled with life — giving energizing oxyen.（2019高考）如果你呼吸的空气是干净的，如果你远离城市的雾霾，那么空气中充满了充满活力的氧气。 P30. The expression “smog” originated in Britain and means a combination of “smoke” and “fog”.“烟雾”一词起源于英国，意思是“烟雾”和“雾”的组合。 拼缀法 Blending smoke + fog = smog situation + comedy = sitcom 情景喜剧breakfast + lunch = brunch __________motor + hotel = motel ___________high + technology = hi-tech ___________Europe + Asia = Eurasia ___________早午餐汽车旅馆高科技欧亚大陆originate [əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt] vi. & vt. 起源；发源；创立origin n. 起源；起因 original adj. 最初的；原始的；独创的originally adv.最初/原先originate from 源自 The style of architecture originated from the ancient Greece. 这种建筑风格起源于古希腊。 It originated in Britain in the early 20th century, when smog was a severe problem. 它起源于20世纪初的英国，当时烟雾是一个严重的问题。The disease is thought to have originated in the tropics. 这种疾病据说起源于热带地区。Many buildings on the campus are his _________ creations. 校园里的许多建筑都是他独创的。（2018 全国卷） 1.The technique ____________ (originate) by an Italian artist.2.She never forgot her humble origins.3.All meat should be clearly labeled with its country of origin.4.最初的计划是明天提交报告。（不定式作表语）original was originatedThe original plan is to submit the report tomorrow.volume [ˈvɒljuːm] n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷a volume of poetry the volume of... order in volume trade volume 一卷诗集......的量大量订购贸易量 P32. Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. 以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，很多游客频繁地将垃圾扔进江中。garbage [ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ]n. 垃圾；废物garbage can 同义词 rubbish /litter/trash When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. 出去散步时，带上一个小垃圾袋。Garbage pollutes our rivers and lakes. 垃圾污染我们的河川湖泊。While restaurants throw away tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of locked _____________ containers, health regulations, or business policies. 虽然餐馆每年都会扔掉成吨的食物，但由于上锁的垃圾桶、卫生条例或商业政策，大部分食物仍然是无法获得的。（2019 高考 浙江卷）garbage P32. Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. 以往，漓江的水质因游客量的增长遭到了严重破坏，很多游客频繁地将垃圾扔进江中。enterprise [ˈentəpraɪz] n. 公司；企业；事业enterprising adj. 有进取心的 undertake /build an enterprise 创办企业/事业 P32. The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly, as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. 旅游业的发展也意味着当地人口迅速增长，以及商业和工业企业的数量增加。 Many enterprises will be forced to close. 很多家企业将被迫倒闭。He is still involved in voluntary work promoting local __________. 他仍在从事促进当地创业的志愿者工作。enterpriserestore [rɪˈstɔː(r)] vt. 恢复；使复原；修复 restoration n. 恢复；复原；修复restore one's sight restore sb. /sth. to sth. restore sth. restore sth. to… 1. The operation restored his sight .2. We hope to restore the garden to its former glory. 3. The police have now restored the painting to its owner. 恢复视力使复原；使复位修复 把……归还给…… P32. Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river's original beauty. 当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施来恢复河流的原貌。词缀 re- 再 recover v. 恢复 +store 储藏；存放 引申为恢复，修复 Her friend's kindness has restored her faith in human nature. 她朋友的善意使她恢复了对人性的信心。 He is now fully ___________ to health. 他现在完全恢复了健康。This beautiful old building _______________ to its former glory. 这座美丽的老建筑物已恢复了昔日的壮观。It took the government three years __________ the economy to full strength. 政府花了3年时间才使经济完全复苏。has been restoredto restorerestored recover v. 恢复；康复；复原 指人从疾病等中康复过来或某事物恢复常态，常后接介词 from; 也指恢复能力、知觉等。 He's recovering from a heart attack. 他心脏病发作了，正在康复之中。restore v. 恢复 指使某事物恢复到从前的状态，也指恢复某种乐观的情绪。 These two countries restored diplomatic relations with each other one year ago. 这两个国家一年前恢复了外交关系。recover；restoreconservation [ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn] n. 对(环境、文物等)保护；保持conserve vt. 保存；保护conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的conservationist n. 保护主义者wildlife/ forest conservationconservation of energy conservation areasenvironmental conservation野生生物/森林保护能量守恒(定律)/能源的节约保护区环境保护 P32. The construction of waste water treatment facilities improved the water quality and water conservation. 污水处理设施的建设改善了水质，提高了节约用水水平。We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds．(2018 高考江苏卷) 在我们敦促国会加强耕地保护、推动移民改革、寻求在不同背景下保障多种多样、规模宏大的新一代农场成功建设的政策之际，纽约金融中心需要广泛的支持。______________ programs cannot function without local support. 没有地方的支持，自然环境保护项目就无法运作。Conservation(1) ___________________(2) ___________________(3)_____________________节约用水节约能源water conservationconserve energyconservative views保守的观念(1)The waste water treatment facilities improved water conservation 含义：(2)The plant closed for th weekend to conserve energy. 含义：(3)He couldn't accept the conservative views of his parents. 含义：节约了用水节约能源保守的观念dozen [ˈdʌzn] n. (一)打；十二个dozens of: 许多；很多dozens of countries 许多国家 two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋There are dozens of reasons why kids skip breakfast. 孩子们不吃早餐的原因有很多。dozen前有_________或具有_____________的词，如：_________________________等修饰限制时，dozen要用______形式,后面接_____________，且名词前通常无需用介词of。数词数词意义a, many, several, some, a few单数可数名词复数a dozen eggs2 dozen soft drinksP32. Dozens of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. 许多污染企业被关闭或搬迁。 He said there were dozens of economic plans in the works. 他说有几十项经济计划已经开始实施。The project has gone through nearly a dozen years of planning. 该项目已历经近12年的规划。3.A dozen or so cars were parked near the entrance.4.You will be able to take ten dozen bottles free of duty through customs.5.The riot(暴乱) left four people dead and several dozen injured.regulation [ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn] n. 章程；规章制度 regulate vt.管理;控制;调节safety regulationsfire/ safety/ building regulations安全规章防火条例/安全规章/ 建筑法规Under the new regulations, __________(spend) on office equipment will be strictly controlled.根据新的规定，办公设备开支将受到严格控制。spending P32. The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development.当地政府制定了关于进一步发展工业的严格章程。 The new regulations will put many small businesses out of business. 新法规将使很多小企业关闭。The economic market is a self-correcting mechanism, which does not need regulation by government. 经济市场是一种自动调节的机制，不需要政府调控。The company was found guilty of contravening safety __________ 那家公司被判违反了安全条例。regulations disposal [dɪˈspəʊzl] n. 去掉；清除；处理 dispose vt.&vi. 处理；处置；安排disposable adj. 一次性的；用完即丢弃的词汇拓展：arrive --- arrival survive --- survivalrefuse --- refusal propose --- proposalapprove --- approval disapprove --- disapprovalgarbage disposal the disposal of nuclear waste dispose of dispose of the waste at one’s disposal 垃圾处理核废料的处理 处理；消除 处理废物任某人处理/ 自行支配1.Engine oil cannot be disposed of down drains.2.He has said he will use all the weapons at his disposal.他放出话说他将使出十八般武艺。 inspection [ɪnˈspekʃn]n. 检查；查看；视察inspect vt. 检查；视察inspector n. 检查员；检阅官carry out regular inspections inspect the army 定期检查检阅部队1.However, on closer ________(inspect), a number of problems emerged.2.Each hotel ____________(inspect) and, if it fulfills certain criteria, is recommended.3.老师走来走去检查他们的作业。（非谓语作状语）is inspectedinspectionThe teacher walked around inspecting their work. P33. At the same time, they started to carry out inspection regularly and fine tourist organizations for abuses. 与此同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对滥用职权的旅游组织进行罚款。 Would you mind pointing out your luggage for inspection? 可否把你的行李指给我们检查？The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers. 士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。 are being inspectedfine [faɪn] vt. 对…处以罚款 fine n. 罚金；罚款fine sb. for (doing) sth.因（做）某事对某人处以罚款fine sb. for breaking the traffic rules因违反交通规则处以某人罚款pay a 50 fine = pay a fine of 50付50美元的罚金1.Many people regard Beethoven’s fifth symphony as his finest work.2.If it’s fine tomorrow we’ll go out. 3.She’ll wear fine jewelry wherever she goes.4.She __________(fine)$500 and banned from driving for one month.5.Councils will get sweeping powers to impose fines on drivers who park illegally.各市政会将有绝对权力对违章停车者处以罚款。was fined P33. At the same time, they started to carry out inspection regularly and fine tourist organizations for abuses. 与此同时，他们开始定期进行检查，并对滥用职权的旅游组织进行罚款。The driver was fined fifty dollars for speeding. 司机因超速行驶被罚了五十元。The driver paid a fine of fifty dollars for speeding. 司机因超速行驶付了五十元的罚金。 The penalty for speeding can be a heavy _______. 超速驾驶可能会被处以高额罚款。The company _________ £20 000 for breaching safety regulations. 这家公司因违反安全条例而被罚款2万英镑。finewas finedcampaign [kæmˈpeɪn] n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动campaign for campaign against the HuaiHai campaigna national campaignlaunch a campaign 为…助选开展反对…的活动淮海战役全国性的运动发起一场运动waterway [ˈwɔːtəweɪ] n. 水道；航道tolerate [ˈtɒləreɪt] vt. 忍受；包容；容许 tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的tolerance n. 宽容；容忍 同义词:standbearendureput up withThis sort of behavior will not be tolerated.这种行为是不能容许的①tolerate(sb/sth) doing sth 容忍(某人)做某事 tolerant adj.宽容的/容忍的;（植物/动物/机器）能耐…的②be tolerant of/towards sth. 对……容忍；耐…… tolerance un.容忍/包容;(痛苦/困难等的)忍受程度/忍耐力 ③have zero/no tolerance for 对...零/不容忍 P34. The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation. 村民们再也不能容忍这种情况了。 The ability to tolerate pain varies from person to person. 对疼痛的忍受力因人而异。She refused to tolerate being called a liar. 她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。 At times, the heat was barely ___________. 有时天气炎热得几乎令人难以忍受。 tolerable(1) ___________________(2) ___________________(3)___________________tolerate doing sthhave zero tolerance for be tolerant of 容忍做某事容忍对…零容忍(1)The surgeon can't tolerate being disturbed by others 含义：(2)They need to be tolerant of different points of view. 含义：(3)The school has zero tolerance for students cheating on exams. 含义：不能容忍被打扰对…零容忍容忍不同的观点1.There is a limit to ___________one person can tolerate.2.She refused to tolerate _____________(call) a liar.3.The plants are tolerant____________ frost.4.The inspector warned that they had zero tolerance for cheating.5.我不知道你怎么能忍受那样的噪音。（宾语从句）whatbeing calledof/towardsI don’t know how you tolerated that noise.agenda [əˈdʒendə] n. 议程表；议事日程be high on the agenda = be on top of the agendabe top of the agenda on an agenda off the agenda 当务之急\高度重视是优先考虑的事在议程中不予考虑They seized the opportunity to discuss the next item on the agenda. 他们抓住机会讨论议程上的下一个项目。Thanks
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