Unit 4 Natural disasters 第2课时 Discovering Useful Structures 课件+练习

Unit 4 Natural disasters
Discovering Useful Structures限制性定语从句（1）
Contents
Part 1 Studying the rulesPart 2 Practice
在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。
Step 1. Lead in
The pig that/which survived the earthquake in Wenchuan died at the age of 14.
that/which survived the earthquake in Wenchuan
restrictive relative clause限制性定语从句。
Step 2. Presentation
The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-grandma can not forget.The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted.The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise.A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.
Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below.
Read the sentences and pay attention to the words in red.
4.The only thing that supported the girl is the kindness from thousands of people.5.We talked a lot about the actor and the film that interested us at the party.6.Who that you have ever known can help me with it?
一、定义
1.在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。2.关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。
限制性定语从句
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who引导的定语从句
The children who were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hospital now.目前，在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。[知识小结1]　who指人，在定语从句中可以充当____________________。
主语、宾语
2.whom引导的定语从句
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。The boy(whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。[知识小结2]　whom指人，在定语从句中作____________，可省略，也可用____________代替。
宾语
who
3.whose引导的定语从句
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。[知识小结3]　whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作____________。
定语
4.which引导的定语从句
The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring(which) he had lost on the train.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。[知识小结4]　which指____________，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。
物
5.that引导的定语从句
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)[知识小结5]　that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作_________________，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用____________替代，指物多用____________替代。
主语、宾语或表语
who/whom
which
(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。理解概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。
[即学即练1]
(1)用适当的关系代词填空①Do you know the man ____________ is talking with your mother?②This is the person ____________ you should thank for helping your son.③The girl ____________ graduated from Cambridge University is called Amanda.④I like those books ____________ topics are about history.⑤Any student ____________ family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.⑥Look，here are some people ____________ I want you to meet.
who
who/whom
who
whose
whose
who/whom/that
⑦Do you still remember the chicken farm ____________ we visited three months ago?⑧The picture ____________ was about the accident was terrible.(2)判断正误昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。⑨The film (that/which)we saw it last night is very frightening.(　　)⑩The film (that/which)we saw last night is very frightening.(　　)
that/which
which/that
F
T
三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况
1.当先行词为all，little，few，some，none，something，everything，nothing，anything，much等不定代词时。 Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said?李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？ All that can be done has been done.所有能做的都做了。2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 This is the most delicious food that I have ever had. 这是我吃过的最美味的食品。
3.先行词被all，every，the only，the very，the last等修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine.我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。 The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help. 她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。 I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。4.当先行词既指人，又指物时。 We often talk about the persons and things that we remember. 我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。
[即学即练2]　补全句子
①This is the most beautiful park ____________________.这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。②She took photographs of the things and people ____________________.她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。③Chatting was ____________________ interested her most.聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。
that I have visited
that she was interested in
the only thing that
Summary
Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom, or“/". Then translate the sentences into Chinese.1.Here are some of the people ______ homes were destroyed by the typhoon.2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people ________ were asleep.3.The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything ______ they could find.4.Several days later, most of the buildings ______ had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired.5.The injured boy ______ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.6.The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by ______ she was rescued.7.Is this the young boy _______  saved several other students trapped under buildings?
whose
that/who
that
that
whose
whom
that/who
Step 3. Practice
Step 4. Production
What story do you know about natural disasters? Find some information about it with your partner.Write a few sentences with the restrictive relative clauses.For example:
The passengers were frighted to sit in the subway which / that was stuck in the flood.
Step 4. Production
Thank You