2022-2023学年山东省聊城市高二上学期期中联考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年山东省聊城市高二上学期期中联考英语试题（解析版），共23页。

聊城市2022—2023学年度上学期期中教学质量检测
高二英语试题
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why did the woman miss the history class?
A. She was sick.
B. She was injured.
C. She attended football practice.
2. Where are the speakers?
A. In the living room. B. In the bedroom. C. In the kitchen.
3. What is the man going to do first?
A. Go shopping.
B. Do his geography homework.
C. Help the woman with the housework.
4. What has happened to Mary according to the man?
A. She is ignored by the woman.
B. She is having difficulties in schoolwork.
C. She is being bothered by her family.
5. What vehicle is the woman about to take next?
A. A taxi. B. A plane. C. A train.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What time of year is it?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Visit a park.
B. Do some gardening.
C. Watch the weather forecast.
听第7段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Going to bed. B. Going to the cinema. C. Going to the dentist.
9. When will the woman book tickets for?
A. Tonight. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow afternoon.
听第8段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Why is the woman learning to dance?
A. To meet new people. B. To perform on TV. C. To get fit.
11. Where are the woman’s dancing classes held?
A. In a gym. B. In a dance studio. C. In a school hall.
12. How does the man feel about dancing?
A. Excited. B. Disappointed. C. Anxious.
听第9段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Where did the woman live to improve her English?
A. In Asia. B. In Australia. C. In America.
14. What percentage does the man need to be in to study abroad?
A. Top 5%. B. Top 10%. C. Top 20%.
15. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Get a passport.
B. Work on his grades.
C. Develop his writing skills.
16 What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Family members. C. Teacher and student.
听第10段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. How long did it take people to leave the building?
A. 5 minutes. B. 10 minutes. C. 15 minutes.
18. What mistake did the majority of people make?
A. They took their coats.
B. They took their bags.
C. They took the lift down.
19. What do people need to educate themselves about?
A. How to open a fire door.
B. Where to find the nearest fire exit.
C. What to bring outside in case of a fire.
20. What will people do next?
A. Practice once more. B. Put out a fire. C. Take a class.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Exploring Libraries
There are three branches of the New York Public Library in the Riverdale / Kings-bridge area, as well as a Bronx—wide branch. Each has thousands of books for lending, as well as weekly readings and concerts. Call branches for library hours.
●Bronx Library Center
310 E. Kingsbridge Road
(718) 5794244
The largest public library in the Bronx—this 8,000-square-foot center is NYPL’s first green library and features the system’s premier Latino and Puerto Rican Heritage Collection. Hours are Monday through Saturday, from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. Sundays, noon to 6 p. m.
●Riverdale Library
5540 Mosholo Ave.
(718) 5491212
Across the street from Riverdale Neighborhood House, this branch has cathedral ceilings and is surrounded by trees and grass. Hours are Monday through Thursday from 10 a.m. to 6 p. m. Friday and Saturday from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.
●Kingsbridge Library
291 W. 231st St., at Corlear Avenue
(718) 548—5656
The Kingsbridge Library is the largest local library. It includes an outdoor garden, a multipurpose community room, and a teen area. Hours are Monday through Thursday from 10 a. m. to 7 p. m. Friday and Saturday from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.
●Van Cortlandt Library
3882 Cannon Place
(718) 543—5150
Located right along the B×1, B×2 and B×10 bus lines, this library is near the Jerome Park Reservoir and Van Cortlandt Park. Hours are Monday through Thursday from 10 a. m. to 7 p. m. Friday and Saturday from 10 a. m. to 5 p. m.
All library patrons (用户) in these branches above are required to wear masks inside the building, says branch manager Rebecca Brown—Barbier. And for more information, please contact NYPL. org.
1. Which of the following branches offers service on Sundays?
A. Van Cortlandt Library. B. Bronx Library Center.
C. Kingsbridge Library. D. Riverdale Library.
2. What is special about Kingsbridge Library?
A. It has space for teens.
B. It enjoys three bus lines nearby.
C. It’s known for NYPL’s first green library.
D. It offers a multipurpose entertainment room.
3. What is a must for patrons in these branches?
A. Carrying their own lunch. B. Booking seats at NYPL. org.
C. Applying for library cards. D. Putting on their masks.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是纽约公共图书馆的四个分馆的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据●Bronx Library Center部分的“Hours are Monday through Saturday, from 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. Sundays, noon to 6 p. m.(营业时间为星期一至星期六，上午9点至晚上9点，星期日中午至下午6点。)”可知，在星期日提供服务的是Bronx Library Center，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据●Kingsbridge Library部分的“It includes an outdoor garden, a multipurpose community room, and a teen area.(它包括一个户外花园，一个多功能社区房间和一个青少年区。)”可知，Kingsbridge Library有青少年的空间。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“All library patrons (用户) in these branches above are required to wear masks inside the building(所有这些图书馆的用户都被要求在大楼内戴口罩)”可知，这些分馆的用户必须戴上口罩，故选D。
B
In a street largely unchanged since it was built in the 1800s, Hobart’s Battery Point is probably the last place you would expect to find a farm.
In one corner of Peter Handy’s backyard is a controlled environment unit that houses vertical pastures (垂直牧场), the first of its kind in the southern hemisphere (半球). Mr Handy is changing the definition of what it means to be a farmer. “I know it’s really funny, because when people say to me, ‘Where’s your farm?’, I’ll say ‘it’s in Battery Point’ and they’re like, ‘No, there’s no farms in Battery Point’,” he said “People think the Martians have landed because we’ve got this massive, big pink light that comes out of it from the bottom but other than that, they’d have no idea.”
Not just a backyard project, Mr Handy is running a business. “It’s here because I need to be as close to my customers, the chefs and restaurants of Hobart,” he said. “I aim to use the least amount of food miles as possible and make this a super-efficient business.”
Using LED lights and hydroponic nutrients, the farm grows leafy greens, root vegetables and flowering plants. “I don’t have to worry about floods, wind, wild animals, electric fences, turning the soil over,” Mr Handy said. Using 95 percent less water than traditional farming, the farm ticks the box environmentally. “I mean, this is definitely not the answer to food sustainability in the world. But it’s definitely a part of it.”
Science writer Julian Cribb believes a world food crisis is coming, due to a combination of loss of water, loss of topsoil, climate change and overuse of poisons. “We’re going to need to change the nature of the way we produce food and change the human diet at the same time,” he said, “and new urban farming methods would see most of the world’s great cities feeding themselves.”
Mr Cribb said Australia was still quite a way off from adopting urban farming. But he believes that it poses a rather unique opportunity for Australian farmers to sell their expertise to cities, teaching people to grow food in urban environments.
4. What might people think of Mr Handy’s farm?
A. Scared. B. Impressed.
C. Disappointed. D. Confused.
5. What does Mr Handy say about his farm?
A. It is not affected by weather.
B. It mainly plants and sells flowers.
C. It serves customers from near and far.
D. It is the solution to food sustainability.
6. What’s the purpose of Mr. Gribb’s words in paragraph 5?
A. To praise his contribution to science.
B. To explain how urban farming works.
C. To stress the necessity of urban farming.
D. To present the seriousness of the food crisis.
7. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Cities are struggling to get food.
B. Technology is changing people’s life.
C. Peter Handy is a successful businessman.
D. Food production is being moved into cities.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Peter Handy在城市里建了个农场，并介绍了他的农场的特点和在城市里种植的必要性。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“No, there’s no farms in Battery Point(不，Battery Point没有农场)”和“People think the Martians have landed because we’ve got this massive, big pink light that comes out of it from the bottom but other than that, they’d have no idea.(人们认为火星人已经着陆了，因为我们从底部发出了巨大的粉色光，但除此之外，他们什么都不知道。)”可知，人们对Mr Handy的农场感到困惑，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“I don’t have to worry about floods, wind, wild animals, electric fences, turning the soil over(我不用担心洪水，风，野生动物，电栅栏，翻土)”可知，Mr Handy说自己的农场不会受到天气的影响，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We’re going to need to change the nature of the way we produce food and change the human diet at the same time(我们需要改变我们生产食物的方式，同时改变人类的饮食习惯)”和“and new urban farming methods would see most of the world’s great cities feeding themselves(而新的城市农业方法将使世界上大多数大城市都能自给自足)”可知，第五段Mr. Gribb的话的目的是强调城市农业的必要性。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“In a street largely unchanged since it was built in the 1800s, Hobart’s Battery Point is probably the last place you would expect to find a farm.(Hobart的Battery Point是一条自19世纪建成以来基本没有改变过的街道，你可能最想不到会在这里发现农场。)”和最后一段的“But he believes that it poses a rather unique opportunity for Australian farmers to sell their expertise to cities, teaching people to grow food in urban environments.(但他认为，这为澳大利亚农民提供了一个相当独特的机会，可以向城市出售他们的专业知识，教人们在城市环境中种植粮食。)”可知，本文主要讲的是Peter Handy在城市里建了个农场，并介绍了他的农场的特点和在城市里种植的必要性，即Food production is being moved into cities。故选D。
C
Banff National Park is Canada’s firstborn national park and was recognized in 1885. Located in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Banff includes 6,641 square kilometers of glaciers and ice fields, thick coniferous forest, and alpine(高山的) scenery. The Icefields Park-way spreads from Lake Louise, connecting to Jasper National Park in the north. Provincial forests and Yoho National Park are neighbors to the west while Kootenay National Park is situated to the south. The main commercial center of the park is the town of Banff, in the Bow River valley.
The Canadian Pacific Railway was contributory in Banff’s early years, building the Banff Springs Hotel and Chateau Lake Louise hotel in the park and attracting tourists through widespread advertising. In the early 20th century, roads were built in Banff, at times by prisoners of World War I, and through Great Depression-era public works projects, As Banff has over three million visitors annually, the health of its ecology has been endangered. In the mid-1990s, Parks Canada launched a two-year study to preserve ecological integrity.
Banff National Park has a subarctic climate(副极地气候) with three ecoregions. The forests feature lodgepole pine at lower heights and Engelmann spruce at higher ones below the tree line, above which are chiefly rocks and ice. Mammal(哺乳动物) species such as the grizzly bear, cougar, wolverine, moose and bighorn sheep are found along with hundreds of bird species. Reptiles(爬行动物) are also found but only a restricted number of species have been recorded.
The mountains were formed from sedimentary rocks(沉积岩) which were pushed east over newer rock formations, between 80 and 55 million years ago. Over the previous few million years, glaciers have at times covered most of the park, but today are found only on the mountainsides though they include the Columbia Icefield, the largest continuous glacial mass in the Rockies. Erosion(侵蚀) from water and ice has molded the mountains into their existing shapes.
8. What can we infer about Banff National Park?
A. It was built mainly by prisoners.
B. It is the oldest national park in Canada.
C. It is connected to three other provincial parks.
D. It failed to satisfy visitors’ demand for commercial activities.
9. What was a contribution of the Canadian Pacific Railway?
A. Building roads in Banff.
B. Constructing hotels in Banff.
C. Preserving the ecology of Banff.
D. Providing multiple railway lines to Banff.
10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The biodiversity of Banff.
B. The limited knowledge of reptiles.
C. The complex climate system of Banff.
D. The mammals’ severe living conditions.
11. What does the underlined word “molded” most probably mean?
A. Stuck. B. Broken. C. Formed. D. Followed.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章从发展历史、生物多样性以及现代公园风貌等方面介绍了加拿大第一个国家公园——班夫国家公园。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Banff National Park is Canada’s firstborn national park and was recognized in 1885. (班夫国家公园是加拿大第一个国家公园，于1885年被承认。)”可知，班夫国家公园是加拿大第一个国家公园，即它是加拿大最古老的国家公园。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Canadian Pacific Railway was contributory in Banff’s early years, building the Banff Springs Hotel and Chateau Lake Louise hotel in the park and attracting tourists through widespread advertising. (加拿大太平洋铁路公司在班夫的早期也做出了贡献，在公园里建造了班夫温泉酒店和路易丝湖城堡酒店，并通过广泛的广告吸引游客。)”可知，加拿大太平洋铁路公司在班夫的贡献是建设了两家酒店。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Banff National Park has a subarctic climate(副极地气候) with three ecoregions. The forests feature lodgepole pine at lower heights and Engelmann spruce at higher ones below the tree line, above which are chiefly rocks and ice. Mammal(哺乳动物) species such as the grizzly bear, cougar, wolverine, moose and bighorn sheep are found along with hundreds of bird species. Reptiles(爬行动物) are also found but only a restricted number of species have been recorded.(班夫国家公园属于亚北极气候，分为三个生态区。森林的特色是低海拔的黑松和高海拔的恩格尔曼云杉，在林木线以下，以上主要是岩石和冰。这里发现了灰熊、美洲狮、狼獾、驼鹿和大角羊等哺乳动物，还有数百种鸟类。爬行动物也被发现，但只记录了有限数量的物种。)”可知，本段主要描述了班夫的生物多样性。故选A。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Over the previous few million years, glaciers have at times covered most of the park, but today are found only on the mountainsides (在过去的几百万年里，冰川有时覆盖了公园的大部分地区，但今天只在山坡上发现了冰川。)”，同时根据划线词句子中的“erosion(侵蚀)”可知，水和冰的侵蚀把山塑造成了形成了当前的山的特点——今天只在山坡上发现了冰川。故划线词与form为同义词，意为“形成。故选C。
D
Electric vehicles are becoming a real hit. Yet sales of electric vehicles, or EVs, are expected to amount to less than four percent of passenger vehicle sales in the United States in 2021. One reason: the inability to easily recharge on long trips, known as range anxiety.
In July, the Indiana Department of Transportation and Purdue University announced plans to develop the world’s first touchless wireless-charging concrete highway. The project developed by the company Mament will enable wireless charging of electric vehicles as people drive them.
The project will test the electrified road. The most important test will assess the capability of the system to transfer (转移) high-levels of power wirelessly. While the idea is similar to cellphones that charge wirelessly, there is a significant difference: charging with a 10-to-15-inch gap. “The cellphone touches the surface to charge, so it’s pretty strongly coupled (连接),” Nadia Gkritza, a professor at Purdue University said. “Whereas now, if we increase the so-called air gap, the coupling weakens and so does the power transfer.”
A big challenge is clearly on the vehicle side, said Mauricio Esguerra, co-founder of Magment. “The vehicle industry is so busy with making batteries, making software, so that making them deal with inductive (电感应的) charging right now is a priority which is far away. The spirit of this project is to concentrate first on the technical challenges of showing that it works.” On-road charging will also need to “stand all the weight and weather influences. There may be particular applications where on-road charging infrastructure (基础设施) could be targeted to select locations, such as bus stops,” he said.
The Purdue team is mindful of these challenges, but optimistic. There are, however, legal barriers, Ms Gkritza said, “For example, in Indiana, if you’re not a utility (公共事业),” you cannot resell electricity. So, if you’re the roadway operator, you cannot charge the vehicles for the electricity they consume. Also, there are difficulties in using the interstate right of way right now to build this infrastructure. There are certain laws that need changing before this becomes a reality.”
12. Why did the author mention cellphone charging?
A. To stress the difficulty of on-road charging.
B. To introduce wireless charging technology.
C. To show the necessity of transferring power.
D To explain the benefits of increasing the air gap.
13. What can we learn from Mauricio Esguerra’s words about inductive charging?
A. It should be used on buses first.
B. It fails to stand weather influences.
C. It is in need of more financial support.
D. It’s an early-stage technology for the car industry.
14. What is the biggest concern of the Purdue team according to the last paragraph?
A. Roadway conditions. B. Electricity shortage
C. Government rules. D. Location selection.
15. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Could EVs rule?
B. Could roads recharge cars?
C. Could cars be more eco-friendly?
D. Could technology make car design easier?
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是今年7月，印第安纳州运输部和Purdue大学宣布了开发世界上第一条非接触式无线充电混凝土高速公路的计划，文章对这个计划所面临的挑战进行了分析。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“While the idea is similar to cellphones that charge wirelessly, there is a significant difference: charging with a 10-to-15-inch gap. “The cellphone touches the surface to charge, so it’s pretty strongly coupled (连接),” Nadia Gkritza, a professor at Purdue University said. “Whereas now, if we increase the so-called air gap, the coupling weakens and so does the power transfer.”(虽然这一想法与无线充电的手机类似，但有一个显著的区别：充电间隙为10到15英寸。Purdue大学教授Nadia Gkritza说:“手机接触表面充电，所以两者耦合非常紧密。”“而现在，如果我们增加所谓的气隙，耦合减弱，动力传递也会减弱。”)”可知，作者提到手机充电的目的是强调道路充电的难度。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段Mauricio Esguerra所说的话“The vehicle industry is so busy with making batteries, making software, so that making them deal with inductive (电感应的) charging right now is a priority which is far away. The spirit of this project is to concentrate first on the technical challenges of showing that it works.(汽车行业正忙于制造电池和软件，因此让他们现在就处理感应充电是一个遥远的优先事项。这个项目的精神是首先把精力集中在证明它有效的技术挑战上)”推知，感应充电是汽车工业处于早期阶段的一项技术。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“There are, however, legal barriers, Ms Gkritza said, “For example, in Indiana, if you’re not a utility (公共事业),” you cannot resell electricity. So, if you’re the roadway operator, you cannot charge the vehicles for the electricity they consume. Also, there are difficulties in using the interstate right of way right now to build this infrastructure. There are certain laws that need changing before this becomes a reality.”(然而，Gkritza女士表示，这里存在法律障碍，“例如，在印第安纳州，如果你不是公用事业公司，你就不能倒卖电力。所以，如果你是道路操作员，你不能按车辆消耗的电力向它们收费。此外，现在使用州际通行权来建造这些基础设施也存在困难。在这成为现实之前，有些法律需要改变。”)”可知，Purdue团队最担忧的是政府规定，故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“In July, the Indiana Department of Transportation and Purdue University announced plans to develop the world’s first touchless wireless-charging concrete highway.(今年7月，印第安纳州运输部和普渡大学宣布了开发世界上第一条非接触式无线充电混凝土高速公路的计划。)”，第三段的“Whereas now, if we increase the so-called air gap, the coupling weakens and so does the power transfer(而现在，如果我们增加所谓的气隙，耦合减弱，动力传递也会减弱)”，第四段的“A big challenge is clearly on the vehicle side(很大的挑战显然来自汽车方面)”和最后一段的“There are, however, legal barriers(然而，还有法律障碍)”可知，本文主要讲的是今年7月，印第安纳州运输部和Purdue大学宣布了开发世界上第一条非接触式无线充电混凝土高速公路的计划，文章对这个计划所面临的挑战进行了分析，因此最好的题目是B选项“Could roads recharge cars?(道路能给汽车充电吗？)”。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
English, along with the vast majority of the world’s languages, uses relative spatial description. So if you were to describe where something is, you would give a description referring to how it’s positioned relative to you: “____16____”
Similarly, if you were asked to give directions, you’d describe the route relative to your position along it at each point: “____17____” The problem with egocentric(自我中心的) descriptions like these, however, is that they constantly change as we change our position. All it takes for your left and right as they are at the moment to become your forwards and backwards is a 90-degree turn.
____18____ Instead, they have a fantastic sense of spatial awareness.
Guugu Yimithirr, the Australian Aboriginal (澳大利亚土著) language, has no words for left and right. ____19____ So the light switch might be to your west as you enter the room, the television to your east. You might turn north at the traffic lights, then take the second road to the east.
Studies have shown that speakers of Guugu Yimithirr essentially have an in-built compass(指南针) taught to them in early childhood through near-constant repetition of the compass points in everyday conversation. The words “north”, “south”, “east” and “west” alone account for around 10 percent of a typical Guugu Yimithirr conversation. ____20____ And with a sense of direction like that, who needs left and right anyway?
A. However, they manage to get by without them.
B. Turn left at the traffic lights, then take the second right.
C. The light switch is to your left; the TV is on your right.
D. But the speakers of Guugu Yimithirr don’t have this problem.
E. If the reader of a book is facing north, he would turn the pages from cast to west.
F. Most speakers develop a fully-functioning directional system by the age of just 8.
G. Instead, speakers give all their descriptions based on the fixed four main points of the compass.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了说Guugu Yimithirr语言的某澳大利亚土著部落，在该部落中人们不会使用“左边”或者“右边”这样的词。他们在说方向或位置时，从来都是精确地描述基本方向。
【16题详解】
根据前文的“So if you were to describe where something is, you would give a description referring to how it’s positioned relative to you(所以如果你要描述某物的位置，你会给出一个描述，指的是它相对于你的位置。)”可知，在英语描述某物的位置时，会给出一个相对于你的位置进行描述，后文应该对此进行举例说明。C选项“The light switch is to your left; the TV is on your right.(电灯开关在你的左边；电视在你的右边。)”解释了前文的相对位置描述。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据空前“Similarly, if you were asked to give directions, you’d describe the route relative to your position along it at each point.(同样地，如果你被要求指路，你会在每一点上描述与你的位置相关的路线。)”可知，此处强调的是在被问路的情况下，你会在每一点上描述与你的位置相关的路线。B选项“Turn left at the traffic lights, then take the second right.(在红绿灯处左转，然后在第二个路口右转。)”是对前文的每一点描述位置进行解释。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据后文的“Instead, they have a fantastic sense of spatial awareness.(相反，他们有一种奇妙的空间意识。)”可知，此处“他们”空间意识感觉超强，前文应该提出“他们”是谁？D选项“But the speakers of Guugu Yimithirr don’t have this problem.(但是说Guugu Yimithirr语的人没有这个问题。)”中的speakers of Guugu Yimithirr与下文的they进行呼应。同时根据前文“The problem with egocentric(自我中心的) descriptions like these, however, is that they constantly change as we change our position. (然而，这些以自我为中心的描述的问题在于，它们会随着我们位置的变化而不断变化。)”可知，在英语语言的描述过程中会存在以自我为中心的描述的问题，其与D选项中的this problem进行呼应，D选项指出说Guugu Yimithirr语的人没有这个问题。D选项承上启下。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文的“Guugu Yimithirr, the Australian Aboriginal (澳大利亚土著) language, has no words for left and right. (澳大利亚土著语言Guugu Yimithirr没有表示“左”和“右”的单词。)”可知，在澳大利亚土著语言Guugu Yimithirr中没有表示“左”和“右”的单词，后文应该指出这些土著在生活中是如何表述方向的。同时根据后文中“So the light switch might be to your west as you enter the room, the television to your east. You might turn north at the traffic lights, then take the second road to the east. (所以当你进入房间时，电灯开关可能在你的西面，电视在你的东面。你可以在红绿灯处向北拐，然后走第二条路向东走。)”可知，此处指出了在澳大利亚说Guugu Yimithirr的土著中，他们使用的是“东南西北”来代替“左右”的方向表达。前文应该提到“东南西北”四个方向。G选项“Instead, speakers give all their descriptions based on the fixed four main points of the compass.(相反，说话者根据罗盘上固定的四个主要点来进行描述。)”中的罗盘上固定的四个主要点即为东南西北四个方向。故G选项承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文的“And with a sense of direction like that, who needs left and right anyway?(有了这样的方向感，谁还需要左右呢?)”可知，此处强调的是“方向感”，前文应该对该“方向感”进行解释。F选项“Most speakers develop a fully-functioning directional system by the age of just 8.(大多数说话者在8岁时就能发展出一个功能完备的定向系统。)”中的a fully-functioning directional system与下文的that相呼应，即功能完备的定向系统则为下文所提出的方向感。F选项符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Noah Ruiz is 4 years old and loves the SpongeBob Popsicle (海绵宝宝冰棒). After sitting through an online class last month, he wanted a ____21____. His mom said OK. Then she saw the ____22____ of cases of the ice pops sold on Amazon. When seeing a case of 18 pops cost $51, Jennifer Bryant ____23____. She is a working mother of three and she is studying for an advanced degree in social work. She doesn’t have much extra ____24____.
Then some boxes ____25____. Surprisingly, they were ____26____ 918 ice pops. The order cost $2,618.85. Bryant was totally ____27____ and she rushed to ____28____ her bank account. Somehow, Noah had ____29____ 51 cases of treats. In fact, the little boy suffers from a brain condition—he must have ordered them wrong. Bryant was frightened. She wanted to ____30____ the ice pops to Amazon and get her money back. No luck. She went online and tried to ____31____ the pops to dessert sellers. However, ____32____ worked. She posted it on her classmates’ Facebook group. “If my tuition is late this month, this is why.” she wrote. “You may laugh about it, but, you know, my bank account is ____33____ right now!”
Katie Schloss knew Bryant from class. She started to ____34____ money for Bryant online. She hoped friends and strangers might give money to help ____35____ the order. By May 20, they had collected more than $24,800. “Never would I have ever imagined this,” Bryant said thankfully.
21. A. treat B. game C. chance D. break
22. A. bill B. price C. dish D. introduction
23. A. promised B. escaped C. doubted D. refused
24. A. time B. energy C. money D. need
25. A. opened B. arrived C. gathered D. disappeared
26. A. equal to B. wrong with C. good for D. full of
27. A. curious B. tired C. shocked D. disappointed
28. A. check B. close C. remove D. test
29. A. sent B. served C. applied D. ordered
30. A. contribute B. return C. leave D. report
31. A. gift B. transport C. show D. sell
32. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
33. A. crying B. ringing C. sleeping D. waving
34. A. earn B. save C. raise D. borrow
35. A. pay for B. search for C. pick up D. hand out
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲是Noah Ruiz喜欢海绵宝宝冰棒，他无意中用妈妈的亚马逊账户订购了918支冰棒，他的妈妈没有那么多闲钱，他妈妈的同学得知此事后帮她在网上筹款支付了这笔钱。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：上个月，在听完一节在线课程后，他想犒劳自己。A. treat款待；B. game游戏；C. chance机会；D. break休息。根据上文“After sitting through an online class last month”可知，在听完一节在线课程后，他想犒劳自己，空格处意为“款待”，且9空后的“51 cases of treats.”也是提示。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她看到了亚马逊上出售的几箱冰棒的介绍。A. bill账单；B. price价格；C. dish菜肴；D. introduction介绍。根据下文“When seeing a case of 18 pops cost $51”可知，她看冰棒的介绍。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当看到一箱18支冰棒售价51美元时，Jennifer Bryant退出了。A. promised承诺；B. escaped退出；C. doubted怀疑；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“She is a working mother of three and she is studying for an advanced degree in social work. She doesn’t have much extra”可知，她没多少钱买那么贵的冰棒，所以从亚马逊的页面退出了。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有多少闲钱。A. time时间；B. energy能量；C. money钱；D. need需要。根据上文“She is a working mother of three and she is studying for an advanced degree in social work”可知，她没有多少闲钱。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后一些箱子到了。A. opened打开；B. arrived到达；C. gathered聚集；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“they were ____6____ 918 ice pops”可知，一些箱子到了。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，里面装满了918个冰棒。A. equal to等于；B. wrong with有毛病；C. good for有利于；D. full of充满。根据下文“918 ice pops”可知，箱子里面装满了918个冰棒。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该订单花费了2,618.85美元。Bryant完全惊呆了，她赶紧去查她的银行账户。A. curious好奇的；B. tired累的；C. shocked震惊的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“The order cost $2,618.85”可知，订单花的钱太多了，所以Bryant很震惊。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该订单花费了2,618.85美元。Bryant完全惊呆了，她赶紧去查她的银行账户。A. check查看；B. close关闭；C. remove去除；D. test测试。根据下文“Somehow, Noah had ____9____ 51 cases of treats”可知，她赶紧去查她的银行账户。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，Noah订了51箱甜食。A. sent发送；B. served服务；C. applied申请；D. ordered订购。根据上文“The order cost $2,618.85”可知，Noah订购了51箱甜食。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想把冰棒退回亚马逊，拿回她的钱。A. contribute贡献；B. return归还；C. leave离开；D. report报道。根据下文“to Amazon”可知，她想把冰棒退还给亚马逊。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她上网，试图把冰棒卖给甜点卖家。A. gift赠送；B. transport运输；C. show展示；D. sell卖。根据下文“to dessert sellers”可知，她上网，试图把冰棒卖给甜点卖家。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：然而，一切都无济于事。A. something某物；B. anything任何东西；C. nothing没有什么；D. everything一切。根据“However”表转折可知，一切都无济于事，也就是没有什么是有用的。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可能会笑，但是，你知道，我的银行账户现在正在哭！A. crying哭；B. ringing响起铃声；C. sleeping睡觉；D. waving挥动。根据上文“You may laugh about it”和but表转折可知，此处和前面笑形成对比，此处表示“我的银行账户现在正在哭”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始在网上为Bryant筹款。A. earn赚取；B. save节约；C. raise筹集；D. borrow借。根据下文“they had collected more than $24,800”可知，她开始在网上为Bryant筹款。故选C。
35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她希望朋友和陌生人可以捐款帮助支付订单。A. pay for支付；B. search for寻找；C. pick up捡起；D. hand out分发。根据上文“friends and strangers might give money”可知，她希望朋友和陌生人可以捐款帮助支付订单。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the not-too-distant future, we ____36____ (live) in smart homes ____37____ will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment. Intelligent controls will control just about everything in our home. For example, they will use integrated ____38____ (sensor) to go into an energy-efficient mode when we leave home while ____39____ instant we get home, we’ll find everything ____40____ (prepare) for us, including dinner, our favourite music or TV programmes. In addition, smart homes will be monitoring our health every day. If they find there is something ____41____ (normal) or we have a critical illness, they will give us a warning early on and ____42____ (potential) save our life. Smart homes will also be able to prevent serious damage from accidents. If they find something wrong, they will detect it and provide us ____43____ the relevant information for us ____44____ (fix) the problem.
In a word, this smart technology is not a fantasy. Nevertheless, it will be some years ____45____ most new homes begin to use it.
【答案】36. will be living##will live
37. that##which
38. sensors
39. the 40. prepared
41. abnormal
42. potentially
43. with 44. to fix
45. before
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是智能家居的相关信息。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：在不太遥远的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，它将保证我们的安全，节省我们的能源，并提供一个更舒适的环境。由时间状语“In the not-too-distant future”可知，句子时态可用将来进行时，即will be doing，或一般将来时，即will live，故填will be living/will live。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在不太遥远将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，它将保证我们的安全，节省我们的能源，并提供一个更舒适的环境。空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词smart homes是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。
【38题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：例如，当我们离开家时，它们将使用集成传感器进入节能模式，而当我们回到家时，我们会发现一切都为我们准备好了，包括晚餐、我们最喜欢的音乐或电视节目。sensor是可数名词，此处表示不止一个传感器，因此空格处用复数，故填sensors。
【39题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：例如，当我们离开家时，它们将使用集成传感器进入节能模式，而当我们回到家时，我们会发现一切都为我们准备好了，包括晚餐、我们最喜欢的音乐或电视节目。the instant...是固定用法，意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，故填the。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，当我们离开家时，它们将使用集成传感器进入节能模式，而当我们回到家时，我们会发现一切都为我们准备好了，包括晚餐、我们最喜欢的音乐或电视节目。句中谓语是will find，空格处用非谓语动词，everything和prepare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填prepared。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果它们发现有什么不正常的或我们有一个严重的疾病，他们会给我们早期的警告，并有可能挽救我们的生命。由“or we have a critical illness”可知，句子表示“如果它们发现有什么不正常的或我们有一个严重的疾病”，空格处意为“不正常的”，用形容词abnormal作后置定语，故填abnormal。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：如果它们发现有什么不正常的或我们有一个严重的疾病，他们会给我们早期的警告，并有可能挽救我们的生命。空格处用副词potentially修饰动词save，potentially意为“可能地”，故填potentially。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：如果他们发现什么问题，他们会发现它，并为我们提供相关信息，以便我们解决问题。provide sb. with sth.是固定短语，意为“为某人提供某物”，因此空格处用介词with，故填with。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：如果他们发现什么问题，他们会发现它，并为我们提供相关信息，以便我们解决问题。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to fix。
【45题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：然而，大多数新家庭开始使用它还需要几年的时间。“It will be+时间段+before...”是固定句型，意为“要过多久才……”，因此空格处是before，故填before。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是高二三班的李华，你校准备举办以“Chinese Youth of the New Era”为主题的英文演讲活动。请结合屠呦呦和袁隆平老一辈科学家的精神，谈一谈作为新时代青年的你们应该怎么做。内容包括：
1.有梦想；2.有担当；3.有自信，不言弃。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you very much for your attention.
【答案】Dear fellow students,
I am Li Hua from class 2 grade 3. President Xi said in his New Year’s Speech, “We are all running very hard. We are all dream chasers, especially the students.” So, today I am honored to be here to share my views with you.
To begin with, as the Chinese youth of the new era, we are supposed to have specific dreams. Not only can they drive us study hard but also they can help us live a better life with a good command of knowledge. Moreover, it is a strong sense of responsibility that we should have. If we possess responsibility like our great scientists Tu Youyou and Yuanlongping, we may advance bravely when we encounter difficulties in the future. Finally, we have to train ourselves to be more confident and never give up, which is the key to success.
Thank you very much for your attention.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇演讲稿，要求考生以李华的身份为主题为“Chinese Youth of the New Era”的英文演讲活动写一篇演讲稿，谈一谈作为新时代青年的学生该怎么做。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：firstly→to begin with
应该：should→be supposed to
拥有：own→possess
遇到：meet→encounter
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Finally, we have to train ourselves to be more confident and never give up. This is the key to success.
拓展句：Finally, we have to train ourselves to be more confident and never give up, which is the key to success.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Moreover, it is a strong sense of responsibility that we should have. (运用了强调句句式)
[高分句型2] If we possess responsibility like our great scientists Tu Youyou and Yuanlongping, we may advance bravely when we encounter difficulties in the future. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An elderly woman held out her card to pay for boots, but the cashier returned the card and said there was not enough money on it. The woman said that she recently underwent surgery and the insurance didn’t cover all the expenses. And now she was paying off the debt. She asked if she could buy the shoes in installments (分期付款), because her shoes were falling apart, and it was cold outside. The cashier replied that their store didn’t sell the goods in installments. The woman left the boots at the checkout and went to the exit. She looked at the rain outside the store doors and her old shoes.
A young man approached her and held out a box with a pair of boots that she had left at the checkout. “Take them, at your age you need to take care of yourself. These boots are my gift to you,” he said. The woman was surprised and said that she couldn’t accept such an expensive gift from a stranger. The man smiled and replied that it was not a gift. He was returning a debt that he couldn’t return to another person. He said that as a child he was a very poor but smart boy. The teacher noticed that he was only coming to school every other day. She found out where he lived, and came to his house. She wanted to talk to his mother and ask why he was skipping school.
The boy’s mom was at work. Then the teacher told him to pack up and go to school with her. He replied that he could not, saying that day was not his day to study, but his brother’s. The teacher was confused. Then the boy explained that his brother and he had only one pair of shoes. They didn’t have a father, and their mother’s salary was only enough for food. Therefore he and his brother took turns, and that day was his brother’s day to wear shoes and go to school.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The teacher was shocked.
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The elderly woman wiped her tears and smiled.
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【答案】 The teacher was shocked. She hugged the boy and said, “Wait for me at home and I will help you.” Then she left the boy’s house and went to the mall to buy a new pair of shoes for him. When the boy saw the shoes, he was very excited. But he thought the gift was too expensive for him to accept. The teacher said, “This is a gift for you. You should go to school at your age.” Since then, the boy went to school on time every day. He studied hard and was admitted to a key university. He also succeeded in his career.
The elderly woman wiped her tears and smiled. She is the teacher. She clasped the boots in one hand and took the man’s hand in the other. She said happily to the man, “Good boy, you light up my day. Let me know that kindness can be passed on.” The man replied with a smile: “My dear teacher, you light up my life, and I will always thank you.”
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了一位上了年纪的女士去买靴子，但被告知卡上没有足够的钱，无法购买。女人看着商店门外的雨和她的破烂的鞋子，不知所措。这时，一个年轻人走近她，拿出一双靴子，说是送给她的礼物，女人拒绝这么贵重的礼物，男人告诉她自己正在偿还一笔无法偿还的债务，并向她讲述了自己童年时期因为没有鞋子，无法每天上学的经历。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“老师很震惊。”可知，第一段可描写听了男孩的遭遇后，老师是如何帮助男孩的。
②由第二段首句内容“老妇人擦了擦眼泪，笑了。”可知，第二段可描写老妇人微笑的原因和老妇人的真实身份。
2.续写线索：老师帮助学生——学生能够正常上学——学生取得成功——学生的感恩——老师感到欣慰
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.拥抱：hug/embrace
②.抱紧：clasp/hold tightly in one’s arms
③.传递：pass on/hand down
情绪类
①.兴奋的：excited/thrilled
②.高兴地：happily/gladly
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When the boy saw the shoes, he was very excited.（由when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Let me know that kindness can be passed on.（由that引导的宾语从句）