备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练（北京专用）突破 17 完形填空

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一、考点总结
考点一、题型特点
完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它既考查词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构和习惯用法等，又考查学生逻辑推理能力。
考点二、解题技巧
1. 跨过空缺处，先通读全文
了解文章大意做题时，应先跨过缺词处。通读全文，理顺文意，找出关键词，我们可以依据首句给的相关提示，通过逻辑思维分析。借助短文中关键词们所提供的信息，跨过空缺处，把全文快速浏览完，建立语言的整体感.，从而帮助我们了解短文人意。
2. 先易后难，各个击破
通读全文后，可以根据文章大意，展开逻辑思维，分析每一个空缺处在句中的地位和作用.以确定最佳答案 。遇到闲难时，可忽略此空，先做下一题，最后再回过头来分析解答，也许就会峰口路转，思路明晰。
3. 梳理全文查看文章的完整性
做完所有题目后，还应再次通读全文，看看此时的短文行文是否流畅，意思是否连贯。逻辑关系是否合理。复查时，可从语法入手。检查一下句子的时态以及词语的搭配等是否正确。
二、考点突破
Passage 1
Once a craftsman went to the forest to find a stone to make a statue. There he found a very shiny and good stone and ___1___ took it with him. On his way home, he found another good stone. He ___2___ that stone also.
When he reached home, he started working on the first stone with his tools. The moment his tool ___3___ the stone, a voice came from it, “Please don’t hit me with tools. It is hurting me a lot, and I will fall apart. Please ___4___ me.”
On hearing this, the craftsman felt ___5___. He left that stone and took the other stone and started using his tools on that stone to make a statue. That stone didn’t complained about ___6___, so the craftsman was able to make a very beautiful statue of God from that stone.
Next day, people of village came to collect the God statue. They needed another ___7___ to be kept in the temple and the craftsman gave the first stone to them. The villagers placed God statue in the centre of the temple and the first stone in front of it.
Whenever a person came to visit the temple, he would honor the God statue with flowers and bathe it with milk. Then he would break a coconut with the first stone into two halves and place them before the God statue.
This made the first stone feel very ___8___ as he would feel pain every time a person uses it to break a coconut. He was crying one day. At this, the other stone smiled and said, “When the craftsman was doing work on you, if you had not ___9___ him at that time, you would have been in my place today. But you chose a(n) ___10___ path, you didn’t want to go through any pain at that time. That’s why you are suffering now.”
1．A．politely B．proudly C．curiously D．happily
2．A．cut up B．put up C．picked up D．set up
3．A．cut B．lit C．touched D．knocked
4．A．leave B．forget C．protect D．drop
5．A．ashamed B．sorry C．scared D．worried
6．A．hurt B．harm C．risk D．pain
7．A．god B．statue C．stone D．temple
8．A．low B．silly C．bored D．embarrassed
9．A．warmed B．stopped C．reminded D．complained
10．A．quick B．regular C．dead D．easy
Passage 2
If you have been dreaming of becoming an astronaut after you grow up, get started now! An astronaut needs a strong body and mind. Shenzhou XIII astronauts are able to live upside-down (倒立). They do this not just during sleep, but also when eating and going to the toilet. Before they ___11___ space, they had lots of practice. Each upside-down training time lasted for 20 days.
Chinese astronauts aren’t just spaceship ___12___ but also machine repairers and scientists. They have to know every part of the spaceship and how it works. ___13___ something goes wrong, they’ve got to know ___14___ repair it. Also they do scientific experiments in space.
Shenzhou XIII astronauts know how to live in ___15___. They took a knife, a gun and some dye (染色水) ___16___ them into space. If they land in forests, the knife and gun can protect them from wild animals. If they ___17___ the sea, the dye can colour the seawater around them yellow. This can drive ___18___ sea animals away.
Shenzhou XIII astronauts can’t get dizzy (眩晕). A spaceship is not a plane. When it ___19___, the extra gravity force can break people’s bones.
Astronauts must have strong bodies for this. They can’t get a headache or be sick. Because they have to ____20____ many things. They’ve got no time for sickness. Do you still have a long, long way to go?
11．A．went through B．walked into C．stayed at D．lived in
12．A．teachers B．coaches C．inventors D．drivers
13．A．If B．But C．So D．While
14．A．what to B．why to C．how to D．when to
15．A．the world B．the wild C．the sky D．space
16．A．by B．to C．for D．with
17．A．fall into B．jump into C．fly over D．fly across
18．A．unnecessary B．lively C．dangerous D．safe
19．A．breaks down B．goes up C．runs away D．breaks up
20．A．look after B．look for C．look forward to D．look up
Passage 3
The Little Prince is one of the most famous books around the world. It was written ___21___ a French pilot and it was published in 1943. This story has been ___22___ into 42 languages and was adapted（改编）into a film.
The little prince lives on a small planet alone. He lives a happy life. One day the wind brings ___23___ seed. The seed then turns into the loveliest flower he has ___24___ seen. He takes good care of the flower, but finally he ___25___ to leave it and his planet to search for a ___26___ — the most important thing in his life.
During his journey in space, the little prince meets a king, a businessman, a lamplighter and a geographer. They all live on their own on ___27___ planets. At last he ___28___ the secret from a fox of the Earth. ___29___ he returns to his planet, he tells his secret to the writer of a book ___30___ he meets in the desert. The secret is: the power of love.
When you read this moving and sincere story of the little prince, you can’t help smiling and you can feel the beauty of life and love in your heart.
21．A．with B．in C．by D．from
22．A．translated B．wrote C．spoke D．made
23．A．them B．him C．her D．me
24．A．still B．even C．never D．ever
25．A．decides B．wants C．eagers D．needs
26．A．beauty B．secret C．love D．planet
27．A．different B．difficult C．same D．another
28．A．goes out B．gets out C．finds out D．looks out
29．A．Then B．Before C．After D．Until
30．A．where B．when C．which D．who
Passage 4
That day was Random Acts of Kindness Day. It’s a day set aside to show extra kindness to the people around us—those we know and those we don’t. A random act of kindness is usually unexpected and unplanned. Maybe you help someone carry groceries. Maybe you pay for a stranger’s coffee. Or maybe send an encouraging note to a friend.
I remembered as I walked to my car at a local shopping mall, I saw a man who was sitting on the ground with a sign that ____31____, “Please help”.
I often give $20 to people ____32____ him, but at that time I decided to ____33____ some time as well. I stopped and said, “Come on, brother. ____34____ your things and let’s get you some groceries.”
As we walked back into the mall, we exchanged names. I learned that he had a place to live, ____35____ had no money to buy food.
Anyhow, he ____36____ his story and I still wanted to help him. We started with some fruit and vegetables. He ____37____ some broccoli first, and then got some ____38____and a couple of onions. I asked him ____39____ he hadn’t had for a long time. He said meat. So we got him a nice steak.
As we were talking, he told me he had two boys. A big pack of instant noodles went in the basket. He also asked ______40______ he could get some toothpaste. Of course, that was fine, too.
I was not sure ______41______ what had happened to this man, but his smile was genuine（真诚的）. He only took what he really needed. I knew I wouldn’t do this all the time, as I couldn’t ______42______ to do so. But treating people with dignity, kindness and compassion is important. Helping others is a good way to help the world, even in just a ______43______ way. We often feel as though there’s ______44______ we can do to make the world better, but that’s just not true. We should know that no act of kindness, no matter how small, is ______45______ wasted.
31．A．wrote B．noticed C．said D．described
32．A．for B．like C．with D．including
33．A．offer B．waste C．save D．kill
34．A．Pick out B．Pick up C．Pick on D．Pick off
35．A．and B．so C．or D．but
36．A．talked B．spoke C．shared D．communicated
37．A．bought B．divided C．dropped D．chose
38．A．yogurt B．bread C．milk D．carrots
39．A．why B．how C．what D．which
40．A．where B．if C．that D．why
41．A．naturally B．exactly C．especially D．gradually
42．A．afford B．bear C．pay D．promise
43．A．great B．special C．different D．small
44．A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．something
45．A．never B．seldom C．ever D．hardly
Passage 5
One day, a farmer was looking for a water source (资) for his farm. So, he went to his neighbor and asked him if he could sell his well to him. His neighbor ___46___. The farmer bought the well happily.
The next day, as the farmer came to get water from his well, his neighbor came and ___47___ to let him take any water. The farmer was ___48___. He asked, “Why can’t I take water? I already bought the well ___49___ you.”
The neighbor replied, “I sold you the well not the water.”
The farmer went to the king to ___50___ justice (公正). He explained what had happened.
The king called on Birbal, his ___51___ minister.
Birbal asked the ___52___, “Why don’t you let the farmer take water from the well? You did sell the well to the farmer.”
The neighbor ___53___, “I did sell the well to the farmer, but not the water in it. Therefore, he has no right to get water from the well. ”
Birbal asked them to come later.
The next day, all went to the place where the well was. There Birbal said to the neighbor, “Look, you are ___54___ right, and you sold the well not the water. ___55___ you sold the well not the water, you have no right to keep the water in the farmer’s well. Now you have two ___56___: Either you pay a high rent (租金) to the farmer ___57___ take it out at once.” The neighbor realized that his plan had ___58___. He said ___59___ to the farmer and went home quickly.
Cheating will not get you ___60___. If you cheat, you will pay soon enough.
46．A．believed B．laughed C．prevented D．agreed
47．A．refused B．avoided C．complained D．offered
48．A．stupid B．surprised C．excited D．interested
49．A．with B．for C．from D．to
50．A．ask for B．wait for C．look for D．pay for
51．A．oldest B．closest C．wisest D．busiest
52．A．farmer B．neighbor C．king D．boss
53．A．replied B．doubted C．asked D．ordered
54．A．carefully B．wisely C．especially D．completely
55．A．Since B．Though C．Unless D．Before
56．A．decisions B．choices C．methods D．directions
57．A．and B．but C．or D．nor
58．A．succeeded B．finished C．failed D．changed
59．A．no B．hello C．thanks D．sorry
60．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything

参考答案：
1．D
2．C
3．C
4．A
5．B
6．D
7．C
8．B
9．B
10．D
【解析】
本文主要讲述了一个不愿经历痛苦的石头选择了捷径最后后悔的故事。
1．
句意：在那里，他发现了一块非常闪亮的好石头，高兴地把它带走了。
politely礼貌地；proudly骄傲地；curiously好奇地；happily开心地。根据“There he found a very shiny and good stone”可知，开心地发现了一块非常闪亮的好石头，故选D。
2．
句意：他也捡起了那块石头。
cut up切碎；put up张贴；picked up拾起；set up设立。根据“that stone also”可知，也拾起了那块石头，故选C。
3．
句意：他的工具刚一碰到石头，石头里就传出了一个声音。
cut切碎；lit点亮；touched触摸；knocked敲。根据“The moment his tool…the stone, a voice came from it”可知，刚碰到石头，就出来一个声音，故选C。
4．
句意：请离开我。
leave离开；forget忘记；protect保护；drop掉落。根据“He left that stone”可知，石头祈求请工匠离开它，故选A。
5．
句意：听了这话，工匠很难过。
ashamed害羞的；sorry抱歉的；scared害怕的；worried担心的。根据“It is hurting me a lot, and I will fall apart”可知，听到石头的请求，他感到很抱歉，故选B。
6．
句意：那块石头没有抱怨疼痛，所以工匠能用那块石头做了一尊非常漂亮的神的雕像。
hurt疼痛；harm伤害；risk风险；pain痛苦。根据下文“you didn’t want to go through any pain at that time”可知，在被雕成塑像的过程中要经历痛苦，故选D。
7．
句意：他们又要一块石头放在殿里，匠人就把第一块石头给了他们。
god上帝；statue雕像；stone石头；temple寺庙。根据“the craftsman gave the first stone to them”可知，还想要一块石头，故选C。
8．
句意：这让第一块石头觉得很傻，因为每当有人用它来敲椰子时，他就会感到疼痛
low低的；silly愚蠢的；bored无聊的；embarrassed尴尬的。根据“Then he would break a coconut with the first stone into two halves and place them before the God statue”可知，人们用第一块石头来敲椰子，它觉得自己很傻，故选B。
9．
句意：匠人在你身上作工的时候，你若不拦阻他，今日你就是我了。
warmed温暖；stopped停止；reminded提醒；complained抱怨。根据前文“Please don’t hit me with tools. It is hurting me a lot, and I will fall apart”可知，第一块石头在当时阻止了工匠的行为，故选B。
10．
句意：但你选择了一条简单的路，你当时不想经历任何痛苦。
quick快速的；regular常规的；dead死的；easy简单的。根据“you didn’t want to go through any pain at that time”可知，选择了一条简单的，不想经历任何痛苦的路，故选D。
11．D
12．D
13．A
14．C
15．D
16．D
17．A
18．C
19．B
20．A
【解析】
本文主要介绍了宇航员所需要付出的辛劳及宇航员在太空中的任务和对于种种意外的应对方法。
11．
句意：在他们生活在太空之前，他们有很多的练习。
went through经受；walked into走进；stayed at待在；lived in生活在。根据“They do this not just during sleep, but also when eating and going to the toilet.”可知要生活在太空中。故选D。
12．
句意：中国宇航员不仅是宇宙飞船驾驶员，也是机器修理师和科学家。
teachers老师；coaches教练；inventors发明者；drivers驾驶员。根据“Chinese astronauts”结合常识可知宇航员要驾驶宇宙飞船。故选D。
13．
句意：如果出了问题，他们必须知道如何修理。
If如果；But但是；So因此；While当……时候。“出了问题”是“他们必须知道如何修理”的条件，用If引导条件状语从句。故选A。
14．
句意：如果出了问题，他们必须知道如何修理。
what to什么； why to为什么；how to如何；when to什么时候。根据“something goes wrong”可知有问题需要知道如何修理，用how to符合语境。故选C。
15．
句意：神舟十三号宇航员知道如何在太空生活。
the world世界；the wild户外；the sky天空；space太空。根据“They took a knife, a gun and some dye ... them into space.”可知知道如何在太空生活。故选D。
16．
句意：他们带了一把刀、一把枪和一些染料进入太空。
by通过；to朝；for为了；with随着。take sth. with sb.“某人随身携带某物”。故选D。
17．
句意：如果他们掉到海里，染料就会把他们周围的海水染成黄色。
fall into掉进；jump into跳进；fly over飞过；fly across飞越。根据“the dye can colour the seawater around them yellow. This can drive ...sea animals away.”可知要预防在海中有危险，这是以可能掉进海里为前提的。故选A。
18．
句意：这可以赶走危险的海洋动物。
unnecessary不必要的；lively活泼的；dangerous危险的；safe安全的。根据“drive ... sea animals away”可推出需要赶走的是对宇航员有威胁的危险海洋动物。故选C。
19．
句意：当它上升时，额外的重力会折断人的骨头。
breaks down分解；goes up上升；runs away逃跑；breaks up打碎。根据“the extra gravity force can break people’s bones”可知此处指飞船上升时的情况。故选B。
20．
句意：因为他们要照顾很多事情。
look after照顾；look for寻找；look forward to期盼；look up查阅。根据“They’ve got no time for sickness.”可知宇航员没时间生病，他们要照顾很多事情。故选A。
21．C
22．A
23．B
24．C
25．A
26．B
27．A
28．C
29．B
30．D
【解析】
本文介绍了著名小说《小王子》，它的作者以及出版时间等，这本书主要内容是小王子独自在一个星球上居住，在一次外出游玩时，他得知一个秘密，于是他与本书的作者进行了交流，说出了这个秘密。
21．
句意：它是由一位法国飞行员写的，并于1943年出版。
with“具有，和，用”；in“在……内”；by“通过，置于表示被动的动词后，表示使为者”；from“从，来自”。空格处在被动动词“written”的后面，表示这本书是由谁写的，应用by，故选C。
22．
句意：这个故事已被翻译成42种语言，并被改编成电影。
translated“翻译，译”；wrote“写”；spoke“说话，交谈”；made“制造，做”。根据“into 42 languages”可知被翻译成42种语言，故选A。
23．
句意：有一天，风给他带来了一粒种子。
them“他们”；him“他”；her“她”；me“我”。空格处指代第一句“The little prince lives on a small planet alone.”中的小王子，并作宾语，应用him指代，故选B。
24．
句意：然后，种子变成了他从未见过的最可爱的花。
still“还，还是，仍然”；even“甚至，更”；never“从不，绝不”；ever“曾经”。根据“the loveliest flower”可知是从未见过的，故选C。
25．
句意：他很好地照料着这朵花，但最后他决定离开它和他的星球去寻找一个秘密——这是他生命中最重要的事情。
decides“决定”；wants“想”；eager“渴望”；needs“需要”。根据“but finally he...leave it and his planet to search for...”可知是最终决定离开它和他的星球去寻找……，故选A。
26．
句意：他很好地照料着这朵花，但最后他决定离开它和他的星球去寻找一个秘密——这是他生命中最重要的事情。
beauty“美丽”；secret“秘密”；love“爱情”；planet“行星”。根据“the most important thing in his life”可知寻找一个秘密，故选B。
27．
句意：他们都独自生活在不同的星球上。
different“不同的”，形容词；difficult“困难的”；same“相同的”；another“另一个”。根据“They all live on their own on … planets”可知生活在不同的星球上，故选A。
28．
句意：最后他从一只狐狸那里发现了这个秘密。
goes out“出去”；gets out“离开”；finds out“发现”；looks out“小心”。根据“the secret from a fox of the Earth”可知发现了这个秘密，故选C。
29．
句意：在回到自己的星球之前，他把自己的秘密告诉了在沙漠中遇到的一位作家。
Then“然后”；Before“在……之前”；After“在……之后”；Until“直到”。根据下文“he tells his secret to the writer of a book…he meets in the desert.”可知是小王子在返回到自己的星球之前，把秘密告诉了这位作家，故选B。
30．
句意：在回到自己的星球之前，他把自己的秘密告诉了在沙漠中遇到的一位作家。
where“哪里，在哪里”，先行词是地点，在定语从句中作地点状语；when“什么时候”，先行词是时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；which“哪个，哪些”，先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who“谁”，先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。此句是定语从句，先行词是“the writer”，在定语从句中作宾语，应用who，故选D。
31．C
32．B
33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C
37．D
38．D
39．C
40．B
41．B
42．A
43．D
44．C
45．C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者一天偶然帮助了一位陌生人，从而呼吁人们不以善小而不为的故事。
31．
句意：我看见一个人坐在地上，手里拿着一块牌子，上面写着“帮帮我”。
wrote写；noticed注意；said说；described描述。根据“with a sign that”可知，此次表示“写着”；在英语中标牌上写着应用say可read一类的词来表示，此处用say的过去式said。故选C。
32．
句意：我经常给像他一样的人$20。
for为了；like像；with有；including包括。根据“I often give $20 to people…him”可知，此处表示“像他”一样的人。故选B。
33．
句意：但是这次准备多花一些时间。
offer提供；waste浪费；save保留；kill打发。根据“I decided to…some-time as well.”可知，此处表示这次准备多“花”一些时间来施以援手。故选A。
34．
句意：拿上你的东西，带你去采购一些日常用品。
pick out挑出；pick up捡起；pick on选中；pick of摘下。根据“your things”可知，此处为“拿上”你的东西。故选B。
35．
句意：我了解到他有地方住，但没有钱买食物。
and和；so所以；or或者；but但是。根据“I learned that he had a place to live”和“had no money to buy food.”可知，题空前后两个句子是转折关系，表示有地方住，“但是”没钱买食物。故选D。
36．
句意：他跟我分享了他的故事，我仍然想要帮助他。
talked告诉，不及物动词；spoke说，作及物动词后面跟语言类名词；shared分享，及物动词；communicated交流，不及物动词。根据“his story”可知，此处填及物动词，表示“分享了”他的故事。故选C。
37．
句意：他先挑了一些花椰菜，然后又挑了一些胡萝卜和几个洋葱。
bought买；divided分发；dropped掉下；chose选择。根据“He…some broccoli first”可知，此处是他挑了一些花椰菜。bought是购买，但是根据上文可知这个人没有钱。故选D。
38．
句意：他先挑了一些花椰菜，然后又挑了一些胡萝卜和几个洋葱。
yogurt酸奶；bread面包；milk牛奶；carrots胡萝卜。从前文的“fruit and vegetables”可知，他们买的是水果和蔬菜，胡萝卜符合。故选D。
39．
句意：我问他他很久没有吃什么了。   
why为什么；how怎么样；what什么；which哪个。根据下文“He said meat”可知，作者在问他很久没有吃“什么”了。故选C。
40．
句意：他还问是否可以买一些牙膏。
where哪里；if是否；that由于；why为什么。根据下文的回答“Of course, that was fine, too”可知，此处是这个人是问作者“能否”买点牙膏。故选B。
41．
句意：我不确定这个人到底发生了什么事，但他的微笑是真诚的。   
naturally自然地；exactly确切地；especially尤其地；gradually逐渐地。根据“I was not sure…what had happened to this man”可知，此处是作者说“不确定”这个人到底发生了什么事。故选B。
42．
句意：我知道我不会一直这样做，因为我负担不起这样做。   
afford负担得起；bear忍受；pay支付；promise承诺。根据上文“I knew I wouldn’t do this all the time”可知，作者知道自己无法一直像今天一样通过给别人采购他们所需的物资给予帮助，可推断作者没有办法“承担”这样持续的开销。故选A。
43．
句意：帮助别人是帮助世界的好方法，即使只是一点点。
great伟大的；special特殊的；different不同的；small小的。跟据“just”可知，甚至是“小小的”举动也可以帮助到他人帮助世界变得更好。故选D。
44．
句意：我们经常觉得，对于让世界变得更美好，我们无能为力，但事实并非如此。   
anything任何事；everything每件事；nothing没有什么；something某些事。根据“as though”和下文的“but”可以看出，此处为可能有人会觉得自己“做不了什么”，然而事实并非如此。故选C。
45．
句意：我们应该知道，任何善举，无论多么小，都不会白费。   
never从不；seldom很少；ever甚至；hardly几乎不。根据“We should know that no act of kindness, no matter how small”可知，no作为否定，本空不应再出现否定词义的选项，此处表示我们应该知道没有任何一个善举，无论多么渺小，会被辜负。故选C。
46．D
47．A
48．B
49．C
50．A
51．C
52．B
53．A
54．D
55．A
56．B
57．C
58．C
59．D
60．B
【解析】
本文主要讲述了一位农夫从邻居那里买了一口井，但是邻居是个狡猾的人，他不让农夫从井里打水，理由是他卖的井而不是水，聪明的朝臣让邻居的诡计落空了，告诉我们：不要欺骗，否则会付出代价。
46．
句意：他的邻居同意了。
believed相信；laughed嘲笑；prevented阻止；agreed同意。根据“The farmer bought the well happily.”可知，邻居同意卖给农夫水井了，故选D。
47．
句意：第二天，农夫来井里打水，他的邻居过来拒绝让他打水。
refused拒绝；avoided避免；complained抱怨；offered提供。根据““Why can’t I take water?”可知，邻居拒绝让农夫打水，故选A。
48．
句意：农夫很惊讶。
stupid愚蠢的；surprised惊讶的；excited激动的；interested感兴趣的。根据“The farmer bought the well happily.”以及“Why can’t I take water”可知，农夫买了水井而邻居却不让他打水，对此农夫很费解，应该是指惊讶的，故选B。
49．
句意：我已经从你那儿买了这口井。
with和……一起；for为了；from从……；to朝。根据“he went to his neighbor and asked him if he could sell his well to him. His neighbor... The farmer bought the well happily.”可知，农夫从邻居那里买了水井，应用介词from，构成buy sth from sb短语，故选C。
50．
句意：农夫去找国王讨公道。
ask for请求；wait for等待；look for寻找；pay for支付。根据句意及“The king called on Birbal...”可知，农夫去皇帝那里请求给出公正的裁定，故选A。
51．
句意：国王召来了他最聪明的朝臣Birbal。
oldest最老的；closest最亲密的；wisest最明智的；busiest最忙的。根据“The next day, all went to the place where the well was. There Birbal said to the neighbor...take it out immediately” ”可知，对于此事的处理方式来看，这个朝臣是聪明的，故选C。
52．
句意：Birbal问邻居：“你为什么不让农夫从井里取水呢？你确实把井卖给了农夫。”
farmer农夫；neighbor邻居；king国王；boss老板。根据“Why don’t you let the farmer take water from the well? You did sell the well to the farmer.”可知，朝臣问的是邻居，故选B。
53．
句意：邻居回答说：“我确实把井卖给了农夫，但没有把井里的水卖给他。因此，他无权从井里取水。”
replied回复；doubted怀疑；asked问；ordered命令。根据“Why don’t you let the farmer take water from the well? You did sell the well to the farmer.”可知，朝臣问了问题，邻居要回答问题，故选A。
54．
句意：看哪，你说得完全对，你卖的是井，不是水。carefully仔细地；wisely明智地；especially尤其；completely完全；根据“ you sold the well not the water.”可知，朝臣告诉邻居他说的是完全正确，故选D。
55．
句意：既然你卖的是井而不是水，你就没有权利把水留在农夫的井里。
Since既然；Though虽然；Unless除非；Before在……之前。根据“you sold the well not the water, you have no right to keep the water in the farmer’s well.”可知“没有权利把水放在农夫的井里”是因为“卖的是井不是水”，前因后果，用since引导原因状语从句，故选A。
56．
句意：现在你有两个选择。
decisions决定；choices选择；methods方法；directions方向。根据“Either you pay a high rent to the farmer...take it out immediately”可知，朝臣给邻居两个选择，故选B。
57．
句意：你要么向农民支付高额租金，要么马上把它取出来。
and和；but但是；or或者；nor也不是。此处是either…or“要么……要么……”的固定结构，故选C。
58．
句意：邻居意识到他的计划失败了。
succeeded成功；finished完成；failed失败；changed改变。根据“Either you pay a high rent to the farmer...take it out immediately”可知，邻居意识到自己的计划失败了，被识破了，故选C。
59．
句意：他向农夫道了歉，很快就回家了。
no不；hello你好；thanks感谢；sorry抱歉。根据上文的描述可知，邻居做错了事情，应该是向农夫道歉，故选D。
60．
句意：行骗不会让你得到任何东西。