初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section A优质ppt课件

Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years.

SectionA (2d&Grammar Focus-4c )导学案

【预习】

翻译句子

1.   A:那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？

_____ _____ ____ you____ that bike _______ _______ ?

B:我买了它3年了。I've _____ it _____  ______ ______.

2.A:他的儿子拥有那套火车和铁路轨道的玩具多长时间了？

_____ ____ _____ his son ____ the train and railway set?

B:自从他的4岁生日起，他就拥有它了。

He's ______ it ____ his fourth birthday.

3.A:你曾经玩过橄榄球吗？_____ you _____ played football?

B:是的，我小的时候玩过，但是我现在已经有一段时间不玩了。

Yes, I did ____ I was little, but I ____ _____ ____ ____ ____now.  

【合作探究】

Task1. 2d

1.快速浏览2d对话，独立完成下列问题。

①Where did they give away the old things?
___________________________________________________________________________②Who is Linda?

___________________________________________________________________________③What does Amy give away to children?

__________________________________________________________________________

2.阅读2d，完成下列表格。

Who do those things belong to?

How long do their owners keep them?

3.Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.

Amy went to the Sunshine Home for Children. She has some things for the kids. She’s had this magazine for _________________. The stories _____ may be _____ old, but they’re

still interesting. Linda also __________ some soft toys and board games for ________ kids. Amy _______ them since she was a child. She __________ a sweater and a dress. She also gave away a bread maker. Her mom’s had it _______________ but it still works.

4.Language points

1).  Because I've had it since I was a baby. I have had this magazine for a couple of months.

a couple of有两种意思：

①表示具体的数量“两个” ；

②表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。

例句：我看见有两个人出去了。__________________________________

瞧！门口有两三个男孩正在等你。________________________________

2).  The stories inside may be a bit old, but they’re still interesting.

 a bit意为“一点儿, 稍微”, 修饰形容词或副词, 相当于a little;

a bit of +不可数名词, a little直接加不可数名词。

【链接】a little bit 也意为“有点儿”，可用来修饰形容词或副词。

【运用】完成句子，每空词数不限。

对我来说，这个包有点儿贵。 This bag is ____________________ expensive for me.

我们仍有点儿面包。We still have ____________ bread.  

3).And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.

check用作及物动词, 意为“检查, 审查”;

check out意为“察看，观察”。

【拓展】①check out 可意为“付账后离开”check in指“登记；报到”

②check还可用作名词，意为“支票, 账单”。

例句：这个工人刚察看了他的机器。_______________________

你最好现在就去宾馆登记以便住个好房间。_______________________

海德夫人今天上午结账走了。_______________________

Task2. Grammar focus

现在完成时（Ⅲ）

用法：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，常与“_______+一段时间”或“______+过去的时间点或从句”连用。在这种完成时的肯定句中，谓语动词必须是_________动词（延续性动词/非延续性动词），如果是非延续性动词通常是用相应的________动词来代替。

探究一：观察以下句子总结出现在完成时的特殊疑问句的结构以及询问拥有时间的疑问词。

①A:How long have you lived here?你们在这里住了多长时间了？B:Since 2005. 自2005年以来。                  

②A:How long has he been a soldier? 他参军多长时间了？

  B:For three years. 三年了。      

【归纳】1.现在完成时的特殊疑问句的结构：疑问词+ _______ +主语+  _________ + 其他成分。             

2.询问拥有时间的疑问词用__________，意为“________”,强调______(时间/空间）的延续，对一段时间或物体的长度进行提问。在现在完成时中，常对“since+________________”或“for+__________”进行提问。（注意谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如遇到非延续性动词，则要换成对应的延续性动词。）

即学活用：完成课本P80-2练习。

探究二：since、for在现在完成时态中的用法。

①My uncle has worked here for ten years.

②My uncle has worked here since ten years ago.

③My uncle has worked here since 2006.[

④My uncle has worked here since he came here.

【归纳】在现在完成时态中，

1）for表示时间的持续，后接________(时间段/时间点），指某个动作或情况到现在为止持续了多久。

2）since 意为 ________, 作为连词，引导一个时间状语从句。指某个动作或情况从过去某一时间一直持续到现在。有三种用法：

①since + __________(时间段/时间点）+ ago（例②）；

②since + _________（时间段/时间点）（例③）；

③since + ________ ，since引导的时间状语从句用______________(时态）（例④）

3）for和since二者在句中可以转换

_______ +一段时间=since+________+_______.

即学活用：完成课本P76-4a练习。

探究三：延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换。

观察请观察例句，思考下列句子中的动词有什么共同特点？

①How long has Mary left?   ×          

  How long has Mary been away?    √               

②How long has he borrowed the book? ×  

  How long has he kept the book? √ 

③Maria has come back since Monday. ×  

  Maria has been back since Monday.  √ 

④Tony has bought the computer for two years. ×

  Tony has had the computer for two years.   √

【归纳】

1.与how long,for或者since搭配使用在现在完成时中的动词

必须是_______________（延续性动词/非延续性动词）。

2）非延续性动词&延续性动词

   _________，表示不能延续的动作，这种动词发生后立即结束，所以不能与时间段连用,_________表示能够延续的动作，可以和时间段连用，所以当和时间段连用时，短暂性动词要转换成延续性动词。

常用的短暂性动词及与之对应的延续性动词之间的转换：

1)     become-be    2) borrow-_____       3) buy- ______      4)close - ________ 

5) die - _______    6) lose - ________       7)open - be open      8) join - be in     9) leave - _______  10) begin - be on     11) marry =_______  12)fall asleep -_________                       13) come back -_________14)come / arrive / reach - _________ 

Task3 4a-4c