高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction背景图课件ppt

阅读P8－9教材课文，选择最佳答案

1．How did the Time Traveller first know he had travelled through time?

A．The laboratory remained exactly as before.

B．His niece told him.

C．He realized from the clock on the wall.

D．The time machine told him.

2．What happened to the Time Traveller's niece?

A．She moved like a rocket in the lab.

B．She came to help the Time Traveller.

C．She saw the author travel in the Time Machine.

D．She was looking for something in the lab for a little while.

3．Why did the Time Traveller feel strange and unpleasant during the time travel?

A．The time machine had been poorly designed.

B．He was travelling through time at such a high speed.

C．He suffered from the time lag.

D．He was feeling the time travel sick.

4．Why was the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine?

A．Because he would lose control of the machine.

B．Because the machine would explode as a bomb.

C．Because the machine was so fast that he couldn't stop it.

D．Because the same space would be possessed by other things.

5．What did the Time Traveller meet when he stopped?

A．A dinosaur.

B．A storm.

C．The volcano.

D．An explosion of a bomb.

[答案]　1－5　CDBDB

Words and Phrases

　[教材原句P6]　In sci­fi stories，robots often become superior and take over.

在科幻小说中，机器人往往会变得更占优势，并接管一切。

(1)superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的n.上级，长官；优胜者

[例1]　We have a relationship infinitely superior to those of many of our friends.

我们之间的关系远比我们许多朋友之间的关系好得多。

[例2]　 He always does what his superiors tell him.

他惟上级之命是从。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The microwave is vastly superior in design to all other models.

②She felt socially superior to most of her neighbours.

③Of the two handkerchiefs，I think this one is superior to that one.

在这两条手帕中，我认为这条比那条好。

④Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past.

现代音乐常被认为不如过去的。

[名师点津]superior的易错点

superior用作形容词时，本身含有“较”的意思，故不再有比较级或最高级形式，用“superior to”表示“两事物的比较”。

(2)take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手

[例1]　Try not to let negative thoughts take over.

尽量别受消极的想法左右。

[例2]　I've been driving for two hours；would you take over for a while?

我已经开了两个小时的车了，你能接着开一会儿吗？

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Don't be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.

②Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.

多亏宽松的创业环境，很多大学生创办的公司都已经取得成功了。

③There will be many challenges ahead，but I have confidence that I'll take on the burden.

前面会有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。

　conflict with与……冲突或抵触

[教材原句P7]　A ROBOT MUST OBEY THE ORDERS GIVEN IT BY HUMAN BEINGS EXCEPT WHERE SUCH ORDERS WOULD CONFLICT WITH THE FIRST LAW.

机器人必须服从人类给它的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相冲突。

[例1]　He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with mine.

他对自己的观点坚定不移，而这些观点通常和我的相冲突。

[例2]　The two reports of what had happened conflicted with each other.

关于发生的事情，两个报道截然不同。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译

①The boy often conflicts with other students，which makes his parents upset.

②He is so cautious that he tries not to conflict with his wife.

＝He is so cautious that he tries not to come into conflict with his wife.

＝ He is so cautious that he tries not to be in conflict with his wife.

他很谨慎，尽量避免与妻子发生冲突。

　turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是

[教材原句P8]　Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day.

夜幕降临，仿佛灯灭了，转眼间，白昼降临了。

[例1]　The captain turned out the “no smoking” signs.

队长把“禁止吸烟”的标志牌都翻了过来。

[例2]　 He said he was a doctor，but later he turned out to be a cheat.

他自称是个医生，结果证明他是个骗子。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①When Jack turns up，please turn up the radio，for he is a little deaf.

②Please turn to me for help when you are in trouble.

③She has turned down an invitation to visit that country.

④The librarian showed up to tell her to turn in her library books．

那名图书管理员出面让她返还所借图书馆的书。

　fall away(逐渐)减少；消失

[教材原句P8]　As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell away，and I was left in the open air.

随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失，我被留在了户外。

[例1]　I saw that the ground fell away and down to a river，far below me.

我看到地面陷落到河里面去了，在我脚下很深的地方。

[例2]　 You'd scarcely believe anybody could fall away so rapidly.

你简直难以相信一个人会消瘦得这么快。

[即学即练]　完成句子

①Angie fell apart because she had lost everything.

安吉崩溃了，因为她失去了一切。

②He fell behind when we were climbing the mountain.

我们爬山时，他掉队了。

③The deal fell down partly because there were a lot of unanswered questions.

交易失败，部分原因是有太多没有解答的问题。

　 division n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)

[教材原句P8]　The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky，but soon there was division between night and day.

太阳和月亮看起来像是被抛过了天空，但很快就有了白天和黑夜的区分。

[例1]　I taught my daughter how to do division at the age of six.

我女儿6岁时，我就教她怎样做除法。

[例2]　The division between the rich and the poor remains.

贫富对立依然存在。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①There are deep divisions(division) in the party over the war.

②If you divide thirty by five，you can get six.

③We can also divide the screen into quarters，sixths，and so on.

④The division of labour is clear，each one being charged with specific responsibility.

分工明确，各有专责。

　[教材原句P8]　I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!

我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前闪现的那些不可思议的东西！

(1)urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐

[例1]　She urged me into going to see him immediately.

她劝我立即去看他。

[例2]　 We all urged him to go ahead with his plan.

我们都鼓励他实施他的计划。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译

①The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel(travel)．

②She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.

③He urged her to reconsider her decision.

＝ He urged her into reconsidering her decision.

他劝她重新考虑自己的决定。

④I urged that he (should) take immediate action to prevent such a thing happening again.

＝ I urged him to take immediate action to prevent such a thing happening again.

我极力主张他应该立刻采取措施阻止这样的事情再次发生。

(2)random adj.随机的；不可思议的

[例1]　I can't keep up with him because his pace is random and irregular.

我跟不上他，因为他的步调杂乱无章。

[例2]　The information is processed in a random order.

信息是按随机顺序处理的。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①He read a great deal，but at random for pleasure.

②These temples are scattered randomly (random)over the mountain.

③She opened the book at random and started reading.

她随意翻到一页就看了起来。

　explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破

[教材原句P9]　But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，we would be forced together and explode like a bomb!

但如果我停下来，同一个空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被压迫在一起，像炸弹一样爆炸。

[例]　When Wilson heated it，the container exploded，leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.

当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，使他双目失明。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The speaker's mistake was so funny that the audience exploded into wild laughter.

②If the gas pipe exploded，the explosion(explode) would do great damage to the buildings around.

③The boss exploded with anger/rage when he heard the objection.

老板一听到反对意见就勃然大怒。

Sentence Pattern

　强调句型

[教材原句P8]　 It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.

今天十点钟，第一个时间机器开始了它的使命。

句式分析：句中It was at ten o'clock today that为强调句型：it's＋被强调部分＋that ＋其他成分。

[例1]　It was John who/that bought an old bike yesterday in a marketplace.

是约翰昨天在市场上买了辆旧自行车。

[例2]　It was not until I got off the bus that I realized it.

直到下车之后我才意识到这事。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Why is it that you put off the meeting?

②It was me that/who he helped yesterday.

③It was Susan and John who were (be) absent from school yesterday.

④It was Alice and her boyfriend that/who sent the old man to the hospital.

是爱丽丝和她的男朋友把这位老人送到医院的。

句意理解题

记叙文、说明文和议论文中可能会考查句意理解题。要求学生用合适的语句解释一个具有概括性的句子或格言、谚语。设问形式常有：

(1)The underlined sentence in the first/second/... paragraph means “        ”．

(2)Which of the following best explains the underlined sentence in the first/second/... paragraph?

解题技巧——“意义吻合”定句意

1．速读文章，找出文章中与画线句子相关的句子；

2．对比信息句、画线句和选项，确定答案。

[例文]

Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camel's hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.

The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱的)．His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.

The cat's lot was about to improve. That year，one of Benjamin's cousins，Mr.Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.

★What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?

A．The cat would be closely watched.

B．The cat would get some medical care.

C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.

D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.

D　[根据文中的“Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱的)．”和“When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.”可知，为了制作画笔本杰明剪猫的毛使猫“破相”，接下来讲到堂兄给他送来了颜料和画笔使猫的命运得到改善，隐含着“本杰明将得到真正的画笔”。由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。]

[即学即练]

I'll never forget that “very important meeting” with a guidance counselor(咨询顾问) during my senior year of high school.I gladly and dutifully shared my dreams，and was looking forward to hearing his life­changing advice on how best to achieve my academic and professional goals for the future.He told me that I was not college material and that “possibly a nice secretarial school” would be more my league．His advice did change my life，though not in the way he expected—because I didn't follow it.I didn't even consider it.By trying to put limitation on my future，he made me even more determined to pursue(追求) a college degree and a career of my choice.

★What does the underlined sentence indicate?

A．The author could work in a secretarial school.

B．The author might be more suitable to be a secretary.

C．The author was good at communicating with others.

D．The author was encouraged to receive higher education.

B　[句意理解题。根据画线处所在句“He told me that I was not college material and that ‘possibly a nice secretarial school’ would be more my league.”可知，咨询顾问告诉作者她不是上大学的料，可能一所好的秘书学校更适合作者。也就是说咨询顾问觉得作者可能更适合做秘书。故选B。]