高中外研版 (2019)Unit 5 A delicate world示范课ppt课件

Ⅰ.匹配词义

a．单词匹配

(　　)1．halfway 　 A．n.免疫力

(　　)2．heritage B．n.附言

(　　)3．vegetation   C．adj.中间的，半途的

(　　)4．immunity D．n.遗产；传统

(　　)5．postscript   E．n.植物，草木(总称)

[答案]　1－5　CDEAB

b．短语匹配

(　　)1．in consequence　　 A．与……协调一致/和谐共处

(　　)2．fail to do sth. B．对……产生食欲

(　　)3．in turn   C．未能做某事

(　　)4．in harmony with D．反过来

(　　)5．develop an appetite for   E．结果

[答案]　1－5　ECDAB

Ⅱ.默写单词

1．dramatically adv. 显著地

2．subsequently adv.   后来，随后

3．multiply v.   (使)大大增加，(使)倍增

4．owe v.   应该做；对……负有……的义务

5．habitat n.   栖息地

6．decrease v.   (使)减少，(使)变小

7．trap n.   夹子，陷阱

8．departure n.   离开

9．explode v.   突然增加

10．substantial adj.   大量的，多的

Ⅰ.语境填空

owe；collapse；virus；appetite；trap；chaos；decrease；substantial；incident；habitat

1．Not only a little girl but also adults have a growing appetite for junk food nowadays.

2．The person in charge of the program was at a complete loss when the incident happened.

3．We owe it to ourselves to make the best of our lives.

4．Bank base rates have fallen from 10 percent to 6 percent—a decrease of 4 percent.

5．Don't touch your eyes，nose and mouth，because they aren't covered by skin and can pick up the virus more easily.

6．Ever since our secretary walked out，the office has been in a state of total chaos．

7．The party has just lost office and with it a substantial number of seats.

8．I thought that without me the whole project would collapse．

9．He didn't expect that the fox had got its foot caught in a trap．

10．With so many areas of woodland being cut down，a lot of wildlife is losing its natural habitat．

Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词

1．Her doctor indicated that adding a modest amount of daily exercise would dramatically(dramatic) improve her health.

2．When you sign up，you fill out a short survey that helps identify your personal style and subsequently (subsequent) finds people with similar taste that you can follow for inspiration.

3．The project，a water and soil conservation(conserve) project，resulted in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass.

4．Days before my departure(depart) for Shanghai，my cousin made a prediction without the slightest bit of irony，“You'll fall in love with China.”

5．Multiplication(multiply) of cells leads to rapid growth of the organism.

6．The man circulating the fake news that 18 firefighters lost their lives in the explosion(explode) was arrested.

7．Global ecological(ecology) efforts can easily be at odds with local ecologies.

8．The prime minister was always demanding active intervention(intervene) early on.

1．The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically，giving it a wild and natural beauty.

青草和光秃秃的岩石形成了鲜明的对比，使它具有一种野性和自然的美。

2．Loose on the island，they did what rabbits do best—they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes，which caused soil erosion.

在岛上自由自在，它们尽其所能——迅速繁殖，开始吃当地的植被并挖洞，造成水土流失。

3．The cats in consequence turned their attention—and their stomachs—back to the native birds，killing up to 60，000 each year.

结果，这些猫把它们的注意力——以及它们的胃——转回到本地的鸟类身上，每年捕杀的鸟多达6万只。

4．So，I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem.

所以，正是为了解决这一问题，我来到麦夸里岛上参与一项行动。

5．In 2014，Macquarie Island was declared pest­free and the island's ecology is finally on the road to recovery.

2014年，麦夸里岛被宣布为非兽害区，并且岛上的生态终于走上了复苏之路。

词语助读

①Macquarie Island麦夸里岛，是澳大利亚的一个岛，位于太平洋西南边陲，距塔斯马尼亚州东南部1 500公里，大约相当于从澳洲到南极洲的一半路程。

②stormy adj.有暴风雨的

③sculpt v．塑造

④landscape n．风景

⑤contrast v．对比；对照

⑥dramatically adv.显著地

⑦heritage n．遗产；传统

⑧inhabitant n．居民

⑨in harmony with与……一致/和谐相处

⑩habitat n．栖息地

⑪tragic adj.悲惨的；可悲的

⑫unknowingly adv.不知道地

⑬take over占据，占领

⑭attack vt.进攻，攻击

⑮subsequently adv.后来，随后

⑯appetite n．胃口，食欲

⑰meanwhile adv.与此同时

⑱multiply v．(使)大大增加，(使)倍增

⑲vegetation n．植物，草木(总称)

⑳erosion n．侵蚀

plentiful adj.充足的；丰富的

in turn反过来；轮流

lead to导致

parakeet n．长尾(小)鹦鹉

die out灭绝

reserve n．保护区

out of control失去控制

come up with想出；提出

virus n．病毒

release vt.释放

decrease v．(使)减少；(使)变小

in consequence结果

in the 1980s二十世纪八十年代

departure n．离开

or so大约；大概

turn out结果是；证明是

immunity n．免疫力

explode v．突然增加

collapse v．倒坍；塌下

substantial adj.大量的，多的

participate in参加；参与

helicopter n．直升飞机

intervention n．干预；介入

原文呈现

MACQUARIE ISLAND：from Chaos to Conservation

I am standing on Macquarie Island①，in the South­west Pacific Ocean，halfway between Australia and Antarctica.Strong winds and stormy② seas have helped sculpt③ its long，thin shape.The green grass and bare rock of its landscape④ contrast⑤ dramatically⑥，giving it a wild and natural beauty.No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage⑦ Site. Nor would they fail to imagine[1] how its native inhabitants⑧，including royal penguins，king penguins，and elephant seals，existed in perfect harmony with⑨ their natural habitat⑩ for thousands of years.

[1]nor置于句首，句子用部分倒装。

But the island's more recent history tells a different story.It's a tragic⑪ story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island.In their ships they unknowingly⑫ brought rats and mice.These small animals quickly took over⑬ the island，eating the birds' eggs and attacking⑭ baby birds.Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice.Unfortunately，the cats subsequently⑮ developed an appetite⑯ for the birds，too.

Meanwhile⑰，rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans.Loose on the island，they did what rabbits do best—they multiplied⑱ rapidly and began eating the native vegetation⑲ and digging holes，which caused soil erosion⑳. The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats，meaning that the number of cats also increased.This in turn led to more cats hunting the birds.The end result was that parakeets，once large in number and native to the island，died out in 1891.

Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s，the rabbits remained out of control.Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island.With this goal in mind，a virus was released onto the island.But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130，000 to around 10，000，it also meant less food for the cats.The cats in consequence turned their attention—and their stomachs—back to the native birds，killing up to 60，000 each year. In the 1980s，traps and dogs were used to catch the cats.The last Macquarie Island cat was caught in 2000.

But as the saying goes，“While the cat's away，the mice will play.” With the departure of the cats from the island，the mouse and rat population started to increase.And remember those 10，000 or so rabbits? It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus，and their numbers exploded once again.Then，in 2006，the rabbits' digging caused some land to collapse，and killed a substantial number of penguins.This incident made it clear that the rat，mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all．[2]

[2]it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句。

So，I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem.The first step involved poison being dropped from helicopters.The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species，and that's where I come in—with my dogs.They have been trained to find every last one，without harming the native animals.This intervention is a long，much­delayed ending to a sad story，but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.

Postscript：In 2014，Macquarie Island was declared pest­free and the island's ecology is finally on the road to recovery.

译文参考

麦夸里岛：从混乱不堪到精心保护

我正站在麦夸里岛上，这里位于太平洋的西南部，澳大利亚和南极洲的中间。强风和惊涛骇浪将海岛塑成现在狭长的形状。青草和光秃秃的岩石形成了鲜明的对比，使它具有一种野性和自然的美。这座岛是联合国教科文组织确立的世界遗产，游客们都认为其名副其实。他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。

但是，这座岛近些年的遭遇则是截然不同的故事。悲剧从人类1810年来到这座岛屿开始。他们不经意间随船带来了大鼠和小鼠。这些小动物很快就占领了岛屿，它们吃鸟蛋并攻击幼鸟。为控制鼠患，人们带来了猫，不幸的是，猫后来也对鸟类产生了食欲。

与此同时，人们把兔子引进岛上作为食物。在岛上自由自在，它们尽其所能——迅速繁殖，开始吃当地的植被并挖洞，造成水土流失。爆炸式增长的兔子数量给猫提供了充足的食物，这意味着猫的数量也增加，相应地就有更多猫捕食鸟类。最终结果是，曾经数量众多的当地物种长尾小鹦鹉在1891年灭绝。

甚至在20世纪70年代麦夸里岛成为官方自然保护区后，兔子仍然不受控制。专家认为，必须想办法清除岛上所有的兔子。怀着这个目标，人们投放了一种病毒到岛上。然而，虽然病毒使得兔子的数量从130 000只减少到约10 000只，但这也意味着猫的食物变少了。结果，这些猫把它们的注意力——以及它们的胃——转回到本地的鸟类身上，每年捕杀的鸟多达6万只。20世纪80年代，人们利用捕猎夹和狗来抓猫。2000年，麦夸里岛上的最后一只猫被抓。

但正如俗语所说，“山中无老虎，猴子称大王”。猫从岛上消失了，小鼠和大鼠的数量便开始增加。还记得那10 000只左右的兔子吗？它们最终对病毒产生了免疫，数量又一次激增。随后，在2006年，兔子挖的洞造成一些土地坍塌，导致大量企鹅死亡。这一事件表明，大鼠、老鼠、兔子问题需要一劳永逸地解决。

所以，正是为了解决这一问题，我来到麦夸里岛上参与一项行动。行动的第一步是利用了直升机向岛上投放毒药。下一步是清除最后残存的入侵物种，这就是我的工作了——和我的狗一起。这些狗受训去寻找剩下的每一只老鼠和兔子，同时又不伤害当地动物。这次干预行动是这场悲剧漫长而屡被长久耽搁的结局，但我们人类有义务给这个岛一个幸福的结局。

附言：2014年，麦夸里岛被宣布为非兽害区，并且岛上的生态终于走上了复苏之路。