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人教版英语九年级Unit 3重点知识复习课件
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这是一份人教版英语九年级Unit 3重点知识复习课件，共37页。
人教版英语九年级单元重点知识复习课件Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?.restroom n.(美)洗手间;公共厕所stamp n.邮票;印章bookstore n.书店beside prep.在……旁边;在……附近postcard n.明信片pardon v.原谅 Interj请再说一遍washroom n.洗手间;厕所bathroom n.浴室;洗手间normally adv.通常;正常情况下rush v.&n.仓促;急促suggest v.建议;提议基础夯实grape n.葡萄central adj中心的;中央的nearby adj附近的;邻近的adv在附近;附近mail v.邮寄;发电子郎件n.邮件east adj.东方的;东部的adv向东;n.东方fascinating adj迷人的;有吸引力的expensive adj.不昂贵的uncrowded adj不拥挤的;人少的convenient adj,便利的;方便的mall n.商场;购物中心pass by路过;经过【重点单词短语过关】读一读 背一背clerk n.职员corner n.拐角;角落politely adv.礼貌地;客气地request n.要求;请求direction n.方向;方位correct adj.正确的;恰当的polite adj.有礼貌的;客气的direct adj.直接的;直率的speaker n讲(某种语言)的人;发言者whom pron.谁;什么人polite adj不礼貌的;粗鲁的address n.住址;地址;通讯处underground adj地下的;n地铁course n.课程;学科Italian adj意大利\人的;n.意大利人\语staff n.管理人员;职工a pair of一对 一双 一副between A and B在A和B之间on one’s/the way to 在去...的路上pardon me 对不起 ; 原谅我 ; 请原谅【重点单词短语过关】读一读 背一背pass by 路过，经过look forward to 期待，盼望 ; 预期，预料excuse me 对不起，打扰一下turn left \ right 向左 \向右转go past 路过，经过on time 准时，按时get to 到达have dinner 吃晚饭 ; 吃饭 ; 吃正餐come on快点 请过来the shopping center 购物中心 ; 商业中心 lead into 引入 ; 导致Parking lot n.停车场【重点单词短语过关】读一读 背一背--Excuse me, could you please tell me how toget to the bookstore?--Sure, just go alongMain Street until you pass Center Street.--The bookstore is onyour right, beside the bank.--Do you know when the bookstore closes today?--It closes at 7:00 p.m. today.--Excuse me, do you know where I can get some postcards?--Sure. Go to the second floor. There’s a bookstore between the bank and the supermarket.【单元目标语句回顾】读一读 练一练--Could you please tell me how to get to the post office?--Sorry, I’m not sure how to get there.--Can you tell me when the band starts playing this evening?--It starts at 8:00 p.m.--I wonder where we should go next.--You should try that new ride over there.【单元目标语句回顾】读一读 练一练单词和短语精讲1. Excuse me用法 Excuse me是英语中常用的的客套用语，根据不同情境可理解为“请问”、“请原谅”、“不好意思，打扰一下”等。(1)对自己的失礼之处表示歉意，这时的excuse me表示“对不起，抱歉”，相当于sorry。e.g. The girl said “excuse me” immediately when she ran into me.这个女孩撞到我的时候马上说了句“对不起”。(2)在聚会、会议等场合突然有事要中途短暂离开时可以说excuse me,表示“失陪一下”。e.g. Excuse me, I have to answer an important call.失陪，我得去接个重要的电话。(3)excuse me 表示“劳驾，打扰一下”，通常在向陌生人求助的时候使用。e.g. Excuse me, can you tell me where is the nearest bank?打扰一下，你能告诉我最近的银行在哪儿吗？(4)对某事有异议，想要插话的时候也可以说excuse me,表示“抱歉，打断一下”。e.g. Excuse me, I’m afraid that you made some mistakes.抱歉，你好像弄错了些事情。单词和短语精讲(5)没听清对方说的话，想要对方再说一遍的时候也可以用excuse me,注意此时要用疑问句的语气，表示“你说什么”。e.g. Excuse me? I didn’t hear you clearly.你说什么？我没听清你说的话。(6)对对方所说的话表示惊讶或者不敢相信的时候也可以用excuse me,表示“真的吗？你不是在开玩笑吧？”之类的意思,同样是疑问的语气。e.g. Excuse me? You just said that Judy resigned?你是在开玩笑吧？你刚刚说朱迪辞职了？(7)经过别人的旁边的时候有可以说excuse me,表示“借过，劳驾”。e.g. Excuse me, can I get past?劳驾，让我过去可以吗?2. Could you please…? 用法这个句型主要是用来礼貌地向别人提出请求，后接动词原形。意思是“请你……好吗？”否定式为“Could you please not…”“请你别……好吗？”。e.g. Could you please tell me where the bookstore is?请你告诉我书店在哪里好吗？ Could you please not stand here? 请别站在这儿好吗？ 单词和短语精讲【拓展】常用的表示委婉请求及请求允许做某事的句型有下面这些：(1)Could you please do sth.?(2)Would/Will you please do sth.?(3)Would you like to do sth.?(4)May/Can/Could I do sth.?回答别人的请求可以用下面的句型：肯定回答常用：Sure./Of course./ No problem./ I’d love to.等。 否定回答常用：Sorry, I’d love/like to, but I…/ Sorry, I’m afraid …等。单词和短语精讲3. Sure, just go along Main Street until you pass Center Street. (1) go along 表示“沿着……向前走”，多指沿着街道、河边或堤坝等向前走。 go down也表示“沿着……向前走”，但其多指向低处走，或向郊区走。 e.g. Go along this street, and you will find the park in the end.沿着这条街向前走，在路的 尽头你会找到那个公园。(2) until 此处用作连词，意为“直到……时为止”。 ①until用于肯定句中，表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止，一般可译为“直到……为止”。在这种用法中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如 live, wait, last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等。e.g. Please wait here until I come. 请在这里等到我来。 He ran until he was breathless. 他一直跑到气喘吁吁才停下。 单词和短语精讲②用于否定句中，构成“not…until”结构，意为“直到……才”。从句动作先发生，主句动作再发生。e.g. I hadn’t realized she was foreign until she spoke.她不说话我还一直不知道她是个外国人。 I won’t stop shouting until you let me go. 你不放我走，我就一直喊叫。③ until 用作介词，意为“直到某一时刻；直到发生某事”。e.g. It may last until Friday. 这可能要延续到星期五。 He will be working until 5 o’clock. 他将一直工作到五点钟。 He didn’t go to bed until 11:30. 他直到11:30才去睡觉。 4. between…and ...用法(1).between... and...“在...和...之间”，既可以表示时间，也可以表示位置。e.g. Li Ping sits between Wei Fang and Wang Hai.李平坐在魏芳和王海之间。 You can come between 8 and 9.你可在8点和9点之间来。【拓展】between和among：between: 表示位置时，是“在两者之间”，among 表示位置是“在三者或三者以上之间/之中”。e.g. She couldn't see her son among the children.在那些孩子当中她没能看到她的儿子。〔至少三个或三个以上小孩〕单词和短语精讲5. past用法past作为介词，意为“从……旁边过去”。e.g. The bus went past us without stopping at the bus stop. 公共汽车没在站点停留就从我们旁边过去了。 past还可以表示时间在…之后，晚于e.g. It was past midnight when we got home.我们到家已是午夜之后了。【拓展】past, over, across与throughpast 表示时间上“在……之后”或空间上“经过”over 从……上方跨过，表示空间范围上“越过”。across 横穿；越过，表示动作是在某一物体表面从一端到另一端。through 穿过；越过，强调从内部穿过。e.g. The man walked past a shop. 这个人走过一家商店。 There is a bridge over the river. 河上面有座桥。 The little boy is walking across the road. 这个小男孩正在步行穿过马路。 He can go through the forest by himself. 他能独自穿过森林。 单词和短语精讲6. excited和exciting(1) be excited to do sth. 对做……感到兴奋e.g. She was excited to learn the news. 她听到这消息很兴奋。(2) be excited about sth. / doing sth. 对……感到兴奋e.g. Are you excited about your new job?你对新工作感到兴奋吗？ You must be excited about leaving for America. 你对去美国一定很兴奋。excited 和exciting在句子中都可以用作定语或表语，但它们的意思和在句中的用法有差异。excited 意为“兴奋的”，一般修饰人，表示人自身的情绪；exciting 意为“令人感到兴奋的”，一般修饰物，表示事物能令人产生的情绪。e.g. Was it an exciting match? Are you excited about going to Beijing? 【拓展】类似的还有：interested/interesting 感兴趣的／有趣的 moved/moving 感动的/令人感动的 surprised/surprising 感到惊奇的/使人惊奇的 bored/boring 厌烦的/令人厌烦的 tired/tiring 厌倦的/令人厌倦的 单词和短语精讲7. Pardon? 用法 (1)pardon 意为“再说一遍；抱歉，对不起”。表示没听清或不理解对方的话，希望对方再重复一遍，相当于“Beg your pardon?” 或 “ I beg your pardon?” 。(2)pardon还可用于做错事道歉时，读时用降调；要表明自己与对方有不同的见解，可能引起对方不快时，用降调。e.g. I do beg your pardon. 请您一定要原谅我。(3)pardon用作及物动词意为“宽恕；原谅”，后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式作宾语，也可接双宾语常用结构：pardon sb. for (doing) sth. “原谅某人做某事”Please pardon me for asking, but aren't you Mr. Henry from New Zealand?请原谅我问一下，您不是从新西兰来的亨利先生吗？ 单词和短语精讲8. But we haven’t even started yet!但是我们甚至还没有开始呢！ yet副词，意为“还；尚”，常用于否定句或疑问句中， 通常置于句末。yet表示说话人期望发生的事情尚未发生，常用于现在完成时。 They haven't watered the flowers yet. 他们还没有浇花。9. rush用法rush用作动词，意为“仓促；急促”。常用短语：rush to do sth. 意为“赶紧/抢着做某事”； rush to…意为“冲/奔向……”。e.g. He sprang up and rushed to the door.他跳起身向门口跑去。rush还可以用作名词，意为“匆忙；繁忙”。in a rush“匆忙地”rush hour“（交通）高峰期”e.g. The shark came in a rush and the old man hit him as he shut his jaws.鲨鱼冲上前来，老人趁它合上两颚时给了它一下。 单词和短语精讲10. shout的用法shout 作动词，意为“呼喊；呼叫；大声说”。常用短语：(1) shout at sb. 意为“冲某人大声叫嚷”，含有批评、指责的意思。e.g. Don't shout at your parents or teachers. 别对你父母或老师大声叫嚷。(2) shout to sb. 意为“对某人大声叫喊”，没有批评、指责的意思。e.g. He shouted to me to come over to help.他大声叫我过去帮忙。(3) shout out 意为“喊出；突然呼喊”。 e.g. Only a few people are brave enough to shout out her name. 只有少数人有勇气喊她的名字。 单词和短语精讲11. I was scared at first, but shouting did help. 起初我很害怕，但喊出来确实有用。did 此处用作助动词，在句中起强调作用。do强调句型的用法：就把do放在谓语前面，主要用于陈述的肯定句。如果否定的话，就跟普通否定句一样。(1).当句子中没有其他的助动词，可以在动词前使用助动词do表示对该动词的强调。e.g. Do be careful with that vase!务必小心那个花瓶!(2).用于表示强调的do可以有时态的变化,但其后的动词要用原形。e.g. He did look tired yesterday. 他昨天确实显得很疲倦注意，这样用的do只用于现在时或过去式(即只有do,does,did这样的形式),不能用于进行时、完成时等形式。 单词和短语精讲12. suggest 用法。suggest作动词，意为“建议；提议”，其名词形式为suggestion (建议；提议)。其用法如下：(1) suggest sth. (to sb.)意为“建议/提议某事”。不能说suggest sb. sth.e.g. I'll suggest a new plan (to him).(2) suggest doing sth. 意为“建议/提议做 某事”。e.g. You should suggest him/his giving up smoking.(3) suggest-that引导的宾语从句。此时宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即should + 动词原形，其中should可省略。 e.g. He suggested (that) she (should) go to the doctor at once.表示“建议某人做某事”不能用 suggest sb. to do sth. 但可用 advise sb. to do sth. He advised me to listen to classical music.(4)suggest作动词还可以表示“暗示/表明”的意思，这时suggest+that从句(从句用陈述语气。)e.g. Her tears suggested (that) she was unhappy. 单词和短语精讲13. On their way to Water City Restaurant, Alice and He Wei pass by Uncle Bob’s. 在他们去水城餐馆的路上，爱丽丝和何伟路过鲍勃叔叔的餐馆。(1) on one’s way to ... 意为“在某人去……的路上”。 e.g. I met an old classmate of mine on my way to work.在去上班的路上，我遇到了一位老同学。由way构成的其他短语： by the way 顺便问/提一下 in a way 在某种程度上 in the way 妨碍；挡道 in this way 这样，通过这种方法lose one’s way 迷路 get out of the way of sth. 丢掉……的习惯(2)这里 Uncle Bob’s 相与于 Uncle Bob’s restaurant. 当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时，该名词通常省略。e.g. He is going to his aunt’s (house) this weekend!这个周末他打算去他姑姑家。 They’re at the doctor’s (office). 他们在诊所。 单词和短语精讲 14. inexpensive 用法inexpensive 形容词，意为“不昂贵的”，其同义词为 cheap，反义词为 expensive/dear, 是由expensive加上否定前缀in-构成的。e.g. The pen is inexpensive.这笔不贵。【拓展】表示否定的前缀① dis表示“不；非；相反”，如：vantage优点——disadvantage缺点；honorable光彩的——dishonorable不光彩的like喜欢 — dislike 不喜欢；agree 同意 — disagree 不同意。② in-(im-，ir- ，il)表示“不；非”，如： expensive 昂贵的 —— inexpensive便宜的； polite礼貌的 —— impolite不礼貌的； regular有规律的 ——irregular无规律的。 correct正确的——incorrect不正确的 legal合法的——illegal非法的单词和短语精讲③un-表示“不，非”，如： able有能力的 —— unable无能力的； like像 —— unlike不像； crowded拥挤的 —— uncrowded不拥挤的；④ mis加动词或名词前： understand明白-misunderstand误解 judge 判断——misjudge误判15. convenient 用法convenient 形容词，意为“便利的；方便的”，常用于句型：It’s convenient for sb. to do sth.意为“对于某人来说做某事是方便的”。e.g. It's convenient for us to work from here. 从这儿去工作对我们来说很方便。名词形式是convenience，既可作可数名词，意为“便利的设施”，也可作不可数名词，意为“方便，便利”。 e.g. The house has all the modern convenience.这所房子配有各种现代化便利设旅。 I keep my books near my desk for convenience. 为了方便,我把书放在书桌旁。单词和短语精讲16. …and the clerk tells her to go to the corner of Market and Middle.…工作人员告诉她去市场大街和中心大街交汇的拐角处。corner是可数名词，意为“拐角；角落”。常构成短语：①in the corner of...意为“在……的拐角处/角落里”e.g. I found a boy crying in the corner of the room.我发现一个男孩在房间的角落里哭。②on/at the corner 意为“在拐角处”e.g. There is a bookstore on the corner. 有家书店在拐角处。单词和短语精讲17request的用法 request是可数名同，意为“要求；请求”，其后常接 “for +名间”，意为“……的要求/请求”。►We must make a request for help. 我们必须请求帮助。request用作及物动词，意为“要求；请求”。 常见用法：①request sth. ( from/of sb.) 意为“（向某人）请求某物”。►He requested some hot water from me. 他向我要了些热水。②request sb. to do sth. 意为“请求某人做某事”。►They requested him to leave at once.他们要求他立刻离开。③request + that从句（从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“ should +动词原形” ，should可省略）意为“请求/要 求……”。 ► I requested that she should come an hour earlier.我请她早一小时来。单词和短语精讲18.Both are correct English, but the first one sounds less polite. 两者都是正确的，但第一句听起来不如第二句显得礼貌。(1)correct此处用作形容词，意为“正确的；恰当的”，相当于right►I can tell you the correct answer. 我可以告诉你正确答案。 correct还可用作动词，意为“改正”。You must correct the mistakes in you homework.你必须改正作业中的错误。(2)one此处用作代词，指代上文提到过的人或物。►I have many CDs, but I like the one called Heart Strings best. 我有很多唱片，但我最喜欢名叫《心弦》的那一张。单词和短语精讲19.include作及物动词，意为“包括；包含”。►The price includes both the house and the furniture inside. 这个价格包括房子和里面的家具。① including用作介词，意为“包括；包含在内”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。►Six people, including a baby, were injured in the accident.事故中有6人受伤，其中包括一名婴儿。② included形容词，意为“包括在内的”，通常置于名词之后。►There are 100 people in this school, 20 teachers included. 这所学校有100个人，包括20名老师。20. Sometimes we even need to spend time leading in to a request. 有时，我们甚至需要花些时间来导入一个请求。lead in to意为“引入；导人”。其中in为副词，to为 介词，其后接名词或代词作宾语。►We often use “excuse me” to lead in to a request. 我们常用“excuse me”来导入一个请求。lead to意为“导致；通向”。►Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.过量的工作和过少的休息经常引起疾病。 ► All roads lead to Rome. 条条大道通罗马 。单词和短语精讲21. I look forward to your reply. 我期待您的回复。(1)look forward to表示“盼望；期待”，相当于expect，特指以特别愉快的心情期待着。 其中to为介词，后面接V-ing形式。 I’m looking forward to seeing you again.我期待着再次见到你。(2)reply用作名词，意为“答复”，相当于answer，表示“…的答复”时，reply与answer都需要与to连用。► I received no reply/answer to my request. 我的要求没有收到任何答复。reply用作不及物动词，意为“回答，回复”，reply to sb./sth.表示“对某人/某事作出回答”。用作及物动词，其后可接宾语从句。 ►She cried, but didn’t reply. 她哭了，但没有回答。 ►He didn’t reply to my letter. 他没有回复我的信。answer作及物动词，其后可直接跟名词或代词作宾语。 ► Please answer my question. 请回答我的问题。单词和短语精讲22. You’re always in a rush to get to school on time.你为了能准时到达学校总是急匆匆的。 on time意为“准时；按时”，相当于at the right time。► Please don't be late. Come here on time. 请别迟到，准时来这里。 ① in time意为“及时”。►The man was just in time for the plane. 那个人正好赶上了航班。 ② at times 意为“有时”相当于sometimes。►I go to school without breakfast at times.有时我不吃早饭就去上学。③ by the time 意为“到……时候；到……之前”。►By the tune we got to the cinema, the film had begun.我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。④ at the same time 意为“同时”。►The twins always go to bed at the same time.这对双胞胎总是同时上床睡觉。语法知识精讲一. 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。引导宾语从句的特殊疑问词可以分为两类：(1)疑问代词，有what, whom, who, whose, which， (2)疑问副词，有when, where, why, how1. 宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，也无论引导词是什么，宾语从句一律用陈述语序。如：e.g. Can you tell us where your father works?你能告诉我们你爸爸在哪里工作吗？ He asked me if I got home very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。2. 宾语从句的时态 (1). 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的时态不受限制， 可根据实际表达的需要来确定。e.g. My teacher says he will be back in a week. （一般将来时） My teacher says he is watching TV. （现在进行时） My teacher says he has seen the movie. （现在完成时）语法知识精讲(2).如果主句是一般过去时, 宾语从句用过去时态的某种形式。如：e.g. My father said he was watching TV at that time.（过去进行时） My father said the he had already seen the movie. （过去完成时）(3).如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、自然现象或科学真理等，从句不受主句时态的限制，用一般现在时。如：e.g. He said time is money. 他说时间就是金钱。 Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. （一般现在时）3. 宾语从句的否定转移主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。e.g. I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute，will they？我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗？ I don’t believe he did this, did he?我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？语法知识精讲语法知识点二：问路常用的表达方式：1. Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the railway station ? 打扰一下，能告诉我怎么去火车站吗？2. Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the trainstation? 劳驾，请问去火车站怎么走？3. Excuse me, could you tell me which is the way to the nearest hospital? 劳驾，请问去最近的医院怎么走？4. Excuse me, would you please show me the way to the post office? 请告诉我去邮局怎么走好吗？5. Excuse me, would you mind telling me the way to the bookstore?劳驾，请告诉我去书店怎么走好吗？6. Excuse me. Could you tell me if there is a Qiaotou Middle School near here?打扰了，请问桥头中学是否在这附近？语法知识精讲7. Excuse me. Do you know how I can get to the school? 请问，你知道怎样去学校吗？Excuse me用来引起对方的注意，又不失礼貌。当你没听清时，礼貌地要求对方重复一遍。你可以说一声“Excuse me, would you please say it again?”(对不起，请您再说一遍好吗？) 或“I beg your pardon?” (对不起，请再说一遍好吗？)等，实战演练一、单项选择题1. The old man is a good swimmer, and even now he often swims ____Tuojiang River after supper. A. over B. through C. to D. across2. There is a bank ____ the second floor. A. at B. on C. in D. with 3. Traveling around big cities by taxi can cost a lot of money, but it’s usually _____ to take the underground train to most places. A. amazing B. expensive C. convenient D. exciting4. —It’s too late. I have to go now. —Oh, it’s raining outside. Don’t leave _____it stops. A. since B. until C. whileBCDB实战演练一、单项选择题5. I don’t remember _____ the book yesterday. A. where I put B. where did I put C. where will I put D. where I will put6. Mom, I don’t know _____ next. A. what I do B. what to do C. what shall I do D. what I to do7.—Do you know ______? —He is a dentist. A. where he is from B. where is he from C. what does his father do D. what his father is8. —Would you like ____ a movie with us tonight? — Sorry, I have to help my mother do some chores. A. see B. seeing C. to see D. to seeingDBAC实战演练二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。1. What are your name and ____________ (地址)？2. Joe never gave a _____________ (直接的) answer to any question of the reporters.3. It is _____________ (礼貌) to say "thank you" when someone has helped you.4. When the____________(交通) lights are red, we mustn't cross the street.addressdirectpolite traffic 实战演练三、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1.知道如何礼貌地请求帮助很重要。 It's important _________ ________how to _________ ________for help__________.2. 有时候我们甚至花时间引出一个请求。 Sometimes we even need _________ ________ time _________ ________ to a request.3. 好的说话者会在不同的情境下改变他们的说话方式。 Good speakers change the way they speak _________ ________situations. 4. 你能告诉我去村里学校的路吗？ Could you tell me ______ _______ ______ the village school?2the way to 实战演练四、翻译句子。1.你能告诉我哪里可以找到一本字典？Can you tell me where I can get a dictionary?2.你知道我在哪里可以买到洗发水吗？ Do you know where I can buy shampoo?3.药店在家具店和书店的中间。The drug store is between the furniture store and the bookstore.4.坐扶梯到二楼然后右拐。Take the escalator to the second floor and turn right.实战演练That's all.Thank you!
人教版英语九年级单元重点知识复习课件Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?.restroom n.(美)洗手间;公共厕所stamp n.邮票;印章bookstore n.书店beside prep.在……旁边;在……附近postcard n.明信片pardon v.原谅 Interj请再说一遍washroom n.洗手间;厕所bathroom n.浴室;洗手间normally adv.通常;正常情况下rush v.&n.仓促;急促suggest v.建议;提议基础夯实grape n.葡萄central adj中心的;中央的nearby adj附近的;邻近的adv在附近;附近mail v.邮寄;发电子郎件n.邮件east adj.东方的;东部的adv向东;n.东方fascinating adj迷人的;有吸引力的expensive adj.不昂贵的uncrowded adj不拥挤的;人少的convenient adj,便利的;方便的mall n.商场;购物中心pass by路过;经过【重点单词短语过关】读一读 背一背clerk n.职员corner n.拐角;角落politely adv.礼貌地;客气地request n.要求;请求direction n.方向;方位correct adj.正确的;恰当的polite adj.有礼貌的;客气的direct adj.直接的;直率的speaker n讲(某种语言)的人;发言者whom pron.谁;什么人polite adj不礼貌的;粗鲁的address n.住址;地址;通讯处underground adj地下的;n地铁course n.课程;学科Italian adj意大利\人的;n.意大利人\语staff n.管理人员;职工a pair of一对 一双 一副between A and B在A和B之间on one’s/the way to 在去...的路上pardon me 对不起 ; 原谅我 ; 请原谅【重点单词短语过关】读一读 背一背pass by 路过，经过look forward to 期待，盼望 ; 预期，预料excuse me 对不起，打扰一下turn left \ right 向左 \向右转go past 路过，经过on time 准时，按时get to 到达have dinner 吃晚饭 ; 吃饭 ; 吃正餐come on快点 请过来the shopping center 购物中心 ; 商业中心 lead into 引入 ; 导致Parking lot n.停车场【重点单词短语过关】读一读 背一背--Excuse me, could you please tell me how toget to the bookstore?--Sure, just go alongMain Street until you pass Center Street.--The bookstore is onyour right, beside the bank.--Do you know when the bookstore closes today?--It closes at 7:00 p.m. today.--Excuse me, do you know where I can get some postcards?--Sure. Go to the second floor. There’s a bookstore between the bank and the supermarket.【单元目标语句回顾】读一读 练一练--Could you please tell me how to get to the post office?--Sorry, I’m not sure how to get there.--Can you tell me when the band starts playing this evening?--It starts at 8:00 p.m.--I wonder where we should go next.--You should try that new ride over there.【单元目标语句回顾】读一读 练一练单词和短语精讲1. Excuse me用法 Excuse me是英语中常用的的客套用语，根据不同情境可理解为“请问”、“请原谅”、“不好意思，打扰一下”等。(1)对自己的失礼之处表示歉意，这时的excuse me表示“对不起，抱歉”，相当于sorry。e.g. The girl said “excuse me” immediately when she ran into me.这个女孩撞到我的时候马上说了句“对不起”。(2)在聚会、会议等场合突然有事要中途短暂离开时可以说excuse me,表示“失陪一下”。e.g. Excuse me, I have to answer an important call.失陪，我得去接个重要的电话。(3)excuse me 表示“劳驾，打扰一下”，通常在向陌生人求助的时候使用。e.g. Excuse me, can you tell me where is the nearest bank?打扰一下，你能告诉我最近的银行在哪儿吗？(4)对某事有异议，想要插话的时候也可以说excuse me,表示“抱歉，打断一下”。e.g. Excuse me, I’m afraid that you made some mistakes.抱歉，你好像弄错了些事情。单词和短语精讲(5)没听清对方说的话，想要对方再说一遍的时候也可以用excuse me,注意此时要用疑问句的语气，表示“你说什么”。e.g. Excuse me? I didn’t hear you clearly.你说什么？我没听清你说的话。(6)对对方所说的话表示惊讶或者不敢相信的时候也可以用excuse me,表示“真的吗？你不是在开玩笑吧？”之类的意思,同样是疑问的语气。e.g. Excuse me? You just said that Judy resigned?你是在开玩笑吧？你刚刚说朱迪辞职了？(7)经过别人的旁边的时候有可以说excuse me,表示“借过，劳驾”。e.g. Excuse me, can I get past?劳驾，让我过去可以吗?2. Could you please…? 用法这个句型主要是用来礼貌地向别人提出请求，后接动词原形。意思是“请你……好吗？”否定式为“Could you please not…”“请你别……好吗？”。e.g. Could you please tell me where the bookstore is?请你告诉我书店在哪里好吗？ Could you please not stand here? 请别站在这儿好吗？ 单词和短语精讲【拓展】常用的表示委婉请求及请求允许做某事的句型有下面这些：(1)Could you please do sth.?(2)Would/Will you please do sth.?(3)Would you like to do sth.?(4)May/Can/Could I do sth.?回答别人的请求可以用下面的句型：肯定回答常用：Sure./Of course./ No problem./ I’d love to.等。 否定回答常用：Sorry, I’d love/like to, but I…/ Sorry, I’m afraid …等。单词和短语精讲3. Sure, just go along Main Street until you pass Center Street. (1) go along 表示“沿着……向前走”，多指沿着街道、河边或堤坝等向前走。 go down也表示“沿着……向前走”，但其多指向低处走，或向郊区走。 e.g. Go along this street, and you will find the park in the end.沿着这条街向前走，在路的 尽头你会找到那个公园。(2) until 此处用作连词，意为“直到……时为止”。 ①until用于肯定句中，表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止，一般可译为“直到……为止”。在这种用法中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，如 live, wait, last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等。e.g. Please wait here until I come. 请在这里等到我来。 He ran until he was breathless. 他一直跑到气喘吁吁才停下。 单词和短语精讲②用于否定句中，构成“not…until”结构，意为“直到……才”。从句动作先发生，主句动作再发生。e.g. I hadn’t realized she was foreign until she spoke.她不说话我还一直不知道她是个外国人。 I won’t stop shouting until you let me go. 你不放我走，我就一直喊叫。③ until 用作介词，意为“直到某一时刻；直到发生某事”。e.g. It may last until Friday. 这可能要延续到星期五。 He will be working until 5 o’clock. 他将一直工作到五点钟。 He didn’t go to bed until 11:30. 他直到11:30才去睡觉。 4. between…and ...用法(1).between... and...“在...和...之间”，既可以表示时间，也可以表示位置。e.g. Li Ping sits between Wei Fang and Wang Hai.李平坐在魏芳和王海之间。 You can come between 8 and 9.你可在8点和9点之间来。【拓展】between和among：between: 表示位置时，是“在两者之间”，among 表示位置是“在三者或三者以上之间/之中”。e.g. She couldn't see her son among the children.在那些孩子当中她没能看到她的儿子。〔至少三个或三个以上小孩〕单词和短语精讲5. past用法past作为介词，意为“从……旁边过去”。e.g. The bus went past us without stopping at the bus stop. 公共汽车没在站点停留就从我们旁边过去了。 past还可以表示时间在…之后，晚于e.g. It was past midnight when we got home.我们到家已是午夜之后了。【拓展】past, over, across与throughpast 表示时间上“在……之后”或空间上“经过”over 从……上方跨过，表示空间范围上“越过”。across 横穿；越过，表示动作是在某一物体表面从一端到另一端。through 穿过；越过，强调从内部穿过。e.g. The man walked past a shop. 这个人走过一家商店。 There is a bridge over the river. 河上面有座桥。 The little boy is walking across the road. 这个小男孩正在步行穿过马路。 He can go through the forest by himself. 他能独自穿过森林。 单词和短语精讲6. excited和exciting(1) be excited to do sth. 对做……感到兴奋e.g. She was excited to learn the news. 她听到这消息很兴奋。(2) be excited about sth. / doing sth. 对……感到兴奋e.g. Are you excited about your new job?你对新工作感到兴奋吗？ You must be excited about leaving for America. 你对去美国一定很兴奋。excited 和exciting在句子中都可以用作定语或表语，但它们的意思和在句中的用法有差异。excited 意为“兴奋的”，一般修饰人，表示人自身的情绪；exciting 意为“令人感到兴奋的”，一般修饰物，表示事物能令人产生的情绪。e.g. Was it an exciting match? Are you excited about going to Beijing? 【拓展】类似的还有：interested/interesting 感兴趣的／有趣的 moved/moving 感动的/令人感动的 surprised/surprising 感到惊奇的/使人惊奇的 bored/boring 厌烦的/令人厌烦的 tired/tiring 厌倦的/令人厌倦的 单词和短语精讲7. Pardon? 用法 (1)pardon 意为“再说一遍；抱歉，对不起”。表示没听清或不理解对方的话，希望对方再重复一遍，相当于“Beg your pardon?” 或 “ I beg your pardon?” 。(2)pardon还可用于做错事道歉时，读时用降调；要表明自己与对方有不同的见解，可能引起对方不快时，用降调。e.g. I do beg your pardon. 请您一定要原谅我。(3)pardon用作及物动词意为“宽恕；原谅”，后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式作宾语，也可接双宾语常用结构：pardon sb. for (doing) sth. “原谅某人做某事”Please pardon me for asking, but aren't you Mr. Henry from New Zealand?请原谅我问一下，您不是从新西兰来的亨利先生吗？ 单词和短语精讲8. But we haven’t even started yet!但是我们甚至还没有开始呢！ yet副词，意为“还；尚”，常用于否定句或疑问句中， 通常置于句末。yet表示说话人期望发生的事情尚未发生，常用于现在完成时。 They haven't watered the flowers yet. 他们还没有浇花。9. rush用法rush用作动词，意为“仓促；急促”。常用短语：rush to do sth. 意为“赶紧/抢着做某事”； rush to…意为“冲/奔向……”。e.g. He sprang up and rushed to the door.他跳起身向门口跑去。rush还可以用作名词，意为“匆忙；繁忙”。in a rush“匆忙地”rush hour“（交通）高峰期”e.g. The shark came in a rush and the old man hit him as he shut his jaws.鲨鱼冲上前来，老人趁它合上两颚时给了它一下。 单词和短语精讲10. shout的用法shout 作动词，意为“呼喊；呼叫；大声说”。常用短语：(1) shout at sb. 意为“冲某人大声叫嚷”，含有批评、指责的意思。e.g. Don't shout at your parents or teachers. 别对你父母或老师大声叫嚷。(2) shout to sb. 意为“对某人大声叫喊”，没有批评、指责的意思。e.g. He shouted to me to come over to help.他大声叫我过去帮忙。(3) shout out 意为“喊出；突然呼喊”。 e.g. Only a few people are brave enough to shout out her name. 只有少数人有勇气喊她的名字。 单词和短语精讲11. I was scared at first, but shouting did help. 起初我很害怕，但喊出来确实有用。did 此处用作助动词，在句中起强调作用。do强调句型的用法：就把do放在谓语前面，主要用于陈述的肯定句。如果否定的话，就跟普通否定句一样。(1).当句子中没有其他的助动词，可以在动词前使用助动词do表示对该动词的强调。e.g. Do be careful with that vase!务必小心那个花瓶!(2).用于表示强调的do可以有时态的变化,但其后的动词要用原形。e.g. He did look tired yesterday. 他昨天确实显得很疲倦注意，这样用的do只用于现在时或过去式(即只有do,does,did这样的形式),不能用于进行时、完成时等形式。 单词和短语精讲12. suggest 用法。suggest作动词，意为“建议；提议”，其名词形式为suggestion (建议；提议)。其用法如下：(1) suggest sth. (to sb.)意为“建议/提议某事”。不能说suggest sb. sth.e.g. I'll suggest a new plan (to him).(2) suggest doing sth. 意为“建议/提议做 某事”。e.g. You should suggest him/his giving up smoking.(3) suggest-that引导的宾语从句。此时宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即should + 动词原形，其中should可省略。 e.g. He suggested (that) she (should) go to the doctor at once.表示“建议某人做某事”不能用 suggest sb. to do sth. 但可用 advise sb. to do sth. He advised me to listen to classical music.(4)suggest作动词还可以表示“暗示/表明”的意思，这时suggest+that从句(从句用陈述语气。)e.g. Her tears suggested (that) she was unhappy. 单词和短语精讲13. On their way to Water City Restaurant, Alice and He Wei pass by Uncle Bob’s. 在他们去水城餐馆的路上，爱丽丝和何伟路过鲍勃叔叔的餐馆。(1) on one’s way to ... 意为“在某人去……的路上”。 e.g. I met an old classmate of mine on my way to work.在去上班的路上，我遇到了一位老同学。由way构成的其他短语： by the way 顺便问/提一下 in a way 在某种程度上 in the way 妨碍；挡道 in this way 这样，通过这种方法lose one’s way 迷路 get out of the way of sth. 丢掉……的习惯(2)这里 Uncle Bob’s 相与于 Uncle Bob’s restaurant. 当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时，该名词通常省略。e.g. He is going to his aunt’s (house) this weekend!这个周末他打算去他姑姑家。 They’re at the doctor’s (office). 他们在诊所。 单词和短语精讲 14. inexpensive 用法inexpensive 形容词，意为“不昂贵的”，其同义词为 cheap，反义词为 expensive/dear, 是由expensive加上否定前缀in-构成的。e.g. The pen is inexpensive.这笔不贵。【拓展】表示否定的前缀① dis表示“不；非；相反”，如：vantage优点——disadvantage缺点；honorable光彩的——dishonorable不光彩的like喜欢 — dislike 不喜欢；agree 同意 — disagree 不同意。② in-(im-，ir- ，il)表示“不；非”，如： expensive 昂贵的 —— inexpensive便宜的； polite礼貌的 —— impolite不礼貌的； regular有规律的 ——irregular无规律的。 correct正确的——incorrect不正确的 legal合法的——illegal非法的单词和短语精讲③un-表示“不，非”，如： able有能力的 —— unable无能力的； like像 —— unlike不像； crowded拥挤的 —— uncrowded不拥挤的；④ mis加动词或名词前： understand明白-misunderstand误解 judge 判断——misjudge误判15. convenient 用法convenient 形容词，意为“便利的；方便的”，常用于句型：It’s convenient for sb. to do sth.意为“对于某人来说做某事是方便的”。e.g. It's convenient for us to work from here. 从这儿去工作对我们来说很方便。名词形式是convenience，既可作可数名词，意为“便利的设施”，也可作不可数名词，意为“方便，便利”。 e.g. The house has all the modern convenience.这所房子配有各种现代化便利设旅。 I keep my books near my desk for convenience. 为了方便,我把书放在书桌旁。单词和短语精讲16. …and the clerk tells her to go to the corner of Market and Middle.…工作人员告诉她去市场大街和中心大街交汇的拐角处。corner是可数名词，意为“拐角；角落”。常构成短语：①in the corner of...意为“在……的拐角处/角落里”e.g. I found a boy crying in the corner of the room.我发现一个男孩在房间的角落里哭。②on/at the corner 意为“在拐角处”e.g. There is a bookstore on the corner. 有家书店在拐角处。单词和短语精讲17request的用法 request是可数名同，意为“要求；请求”，其后常接 “for +名间”，意为“……的要求/请求”。►We must make a request for help. 我们必须请求帮助。request用作及物动词，意为“要求；请求”。 常见用法：①request sth. ( from/of sb.) 意为“（向某人）请求某物”。►He requested some hot water from me. 他向我要了些热水。②request sb. to do sth. 意为“请求某人做某事”。►They requested him to leave at once.他们要求他立刻离开。③request + that从句（从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“ should +动词原形” ，should可省略）意为“请求/要 求……”。 ► I requested that she should come an hour earlier.我请她早一小时来。单词和短语精讲18.Both are correct English, but the first one sounds less polite. 两者都是正确的，但第一句听起来不如第二句显得礼貌。(1)correct此处用作形容词，意为“正确的；恰当的”，相当于right►I can tell you the correct answer. 我可以告诉你正确答案。 correct还可用作动词，意为“改正”。You must correct the mistakes in you homework.你必须改正作业中的错误。(2)one此处用作代词，指代上文提到过的人或物。►I have many CDs, but I like the one called Heart Strings best. 我有很多唱片，但我最喜欢名叫《心弦》的那一张。单词和短语精讲19.include作及物动词，意为“包括；包含”。►The price includes both the house and the furniture inside. 这个价格包括房子和里面的家具。① including用作介词，意为“包括；包含在内”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。►Six people, including a baby, were injured in the accident.事故中有6人受伤，其中包括一名婴儿。② included形容词，意为“包括在内的”，通常置于名词之后。►There are 100 people in this school, 20 teachers included. 这所学校有100个人，包括20名老师。20. Sometimes we even need to spend time leading in to a request. 有时，我们甚至需要花些时间来导入一个请求。lead in to意为“引入；导人”。其中in为副词，to为 介词，其后接名词或代词作宾语。►We often use “excuse me” to lead in to a request. 我们常用“excuse me”来导入一个请求。lead to意为“导致；通向”。►Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.过量的工作和过少的休息经常引起疾病。 ► All roads lead to Rome. 条条大道通罗马 。单词和短语精讲21. I look forward to your reply. 我期待您的回复。(1)look forward to表示“盼望；期待”，相当于expect，特指以特别愉快的心情期待着。 其中to为介词，后面接V-ing形式。 I’m looking forward to seeing you again.我期待着再次见到你。(2)reply用作名词，意为“答复”，相当于answer，表示“…的答复”时，reply与answer都需要与to连用。► I received no reply/answer to my request. 我的要求没有收到任何答复。reply用作不及物动词，意为“回答，回复”，reply to sb./sth.表示“对某人/某事作出回答”。用作及物动词，其后可接宾语从句。 ►She cried, but didn’t reply. 她哭了，但没有回答。 ►He didn’t reply to my letter. 他没有回复我的信。answer作及物动词，其后可直接跟名词或代词作宾语。 ► Please answer my question. 请回答我的问题。单词和短语精讲22. You’re always in a rush to get to school on time.你为了能准时到达学校总是急匆匆的。 on time意为“准时；按时”，相当于at the right time。► Please don't be late. Come here on time. 请别迟到，准时来这里。 ① in time意为“及时”。►The man was just in time for the plane. 那个人正好赶上了航班。 ② at times 意为“有时”相当于sometimes。►I go to school without breakfast at times.有时我不吃早饭就去上学。③ by the time 意为“到……时候；到……之前”。►By the tune we got to the cinema, the film had begun.我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。④ at the same time 意为“同时”。►The twins always go to bed at the same time.这对双胞胎总是同时上床睡觉。语法知识精讲一. 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。引导宾语从句的特殊疑问词可以分为两类：(1)疑问代词，有what, whom, who, whose, which， (2)疑问副词，有when, where, why, how1. 宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，也无论引导词是什么，宾语从句一律用陈述语序。如：e.g. Can you tell us where your father works?你能告诉我们你爸爸在哪里工作吗？ He asked me if I got home very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。2. 宾语从句的时态 (1). 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的时态不受限制， 可根据实际表达的需要来确定。e.g. My teacher says he will be back in a week. （一般将来时） My teacher says he is watching TV. （现在进行时） My teacher says he has seen the movie. （现在完成时）语法知识精讲(2).如果主句是一般过去时, 宾语从句用过去时态的某种形式。如：e.g. My father said he was watching TV at that time.（过去进行时） My father said the he had already seen the movie. （过去完成时）(3).如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、自然现象或科学真理等，从句不受主句时态的限制，用一般现在时。如：e.g. He said time is money. 他说时间就是金钱。 Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. （一般现在时）3. 宾语从句的否定转移主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。e.g. I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute，will they？我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗？ I don’t believe he did this, did he?我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？语法知识精讲语法知识点二：问路常用的表达方式：1. Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the railway station ? 打扰一下，能告诉我怎么去火车站吗？2. Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the trainstation? 劳驾，请问去火车站怎么走？3. Excuse me, could you tell me which is the way to the nearest hospital? 劳驾，请问去最近的医院怎么走？4. Excuse me, would you please show me the way to the post office? 请告诉我去邮局怎么走好吗？5. Excuse me, would you mind telling me the way to the bookstore?劳驾，请告诉我去书店怎么走好吗？6. Excuse me. Could you tell me if there is a Qiaotou Middle School near here?打扰了，请问桥头中学是否在这附近？语法知识精讲7. Excuse me. Do you know how I can get to the school? 请问，你知道怎样去学校吗？Excuse me用来引起对方的注意，又不失礼貌。当你没听清时，礼貌地要求对方重复一遍。你可以说一声“Excuse me, would you please say it again?”(对不起，请您再说一遍好吗？) 或“I beg your pardon?” (对不起，请再说一遍好吗？)等，实战演练一、单项选择题1. The old man is a good swimmer, and even now he often swims ____Tuojiang River after supper. A. over B. through C. to D. across2. There is a bank ____ the second floor. A. at B. on C. in D. with 3. Traveling around big cities by taxi can cost a lot of money, but it’s usually _____ to take the underground train to most places. A. amazing B. expensive C. convenient D. exciting4. —It’s too late. I have to go now. —Oh, it’s raining outside. Don’t leave _____it stops. A. since B. until C. whileBCDB实战演练一、单项选择题5. I don’t remember _____ the book yesterday. A. where I put B. where did I put C. where will I put D. where I will put6. Mom, I don’t know _____ next. A. what I do B. what to do C. what shall I do D. what I to do7.—Do you know ______? —He is a dentist. A. where he is from B. where is he from C. what does his father do D. what his father is8. —Would you like ____ a movie with us tonight? — Sorry, I have to help my mother do some chores. A. see B. seeing C. to see D. to seeingDBAC实战演练二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。1. What are your name and ____________ (地址)？2. Joe never gave a _____________ (直接的) answer to any question of the reporters.3. It is _____________ (礼貌) to say "thank you" when someone has helped you.4. When the____________(交通) lights are red, we mustn't cross the street.addressdirectpolite traffic 实战演练三、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1.知道如何礼貌地请求帮助很重要。 It's important _________ ________how to _________ ________for help__________.2. 有时候我们甚至花时间引出一个请求。 Sometimes we even need _________ ________ time _________ ________ to a request.3. 好的说话者会在不同的情境下改变他们的说话方式。 Good speakers change the way they speak _________ ________situations. 4. 你能告诉我去村里学校的路吗？ Could you tell me ______ _______ ______ the village school?2the way to 实战演练四、翻译句子。1.你能告诉我哪里可以找到一本字典？Can you tell me where I can get a dictionary?2.你知道我在哪里可以买到洗发水吗？ Do you know where I can buy shampoo?3.药店在家具店和书店的中间。The drug store is between the furniture store and the bookstore.4.坐扶梯到二楼然后右拐。Take the escalator to the second floor and turn right.实战演练That's all.Thank you!
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