高中英语Unit 6 At one with nature课时练习

Unit 6　At one with nature

Part 1　Starting out &Understanding ideas

能力提升练

Ⅰ.课文语法填空

The Longji Rice Terraces, built by the Zhuang and Yao people in Guangxi, are 　1　 (colour) in different seasons. It took hundreds of years 　2　 (complete) them in the early Qing Dynasty. 

People turned the entire mountains 　3　 terraces because of few large, flat areas of land in the region. The flat terraces can catch the rainwater and keep the soil from 　4　 (wash) away. 

People designed the terraces 　5　 (wise) using many waterways connecting with each other. In the rainy season, rainwater 　6　 (move) down the mountains and into the terraces along these waterways. The water changes into vapour due to the sun’s heat, 　7　 forms clouds. And then rain from the clouds falls down onto the terraces again. Besides, the environment of the terraces is perfect for 　8　 (bird) and fish. 

The terraces are valuable for the local people to pass down 　9　 (they) tradition and thousands of visitors come to appreciate 　10　 wonder which is created by people and nature together. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

Spring lifts our spirits and makes us full of energy. It’s a time for Nature to bring us back to life after a cold season. I live not far from a park, which is one of the largest gardens in Japan, and famous for its near 10,000 plum trees(李子树). I am fortunate to have them all outside my backyard, and take advantage of the walking paths daily.

I see the same trees and swans(天鹅) every day, but that day was different. At the edge of the small lake, I saw some new-born black swans. They were pretty and cute. They stayed with their mom. While taking a few photos of the sunset, I was interrupted(打断)by a high sound going on for some time.Therefore, I turned around and saw one little swan was stuck by two stones. Its mother was trying to make it out but failed. I tried to get near but the mother was ever so angry! She wouldn’t allow me to get close, so I turned to an old man sitting on the bench and said, “Excuse me; the baby swan can’t move and I want to help it, but the mother is extremely angry! Could you please do me a favor?”

After hearing my words, the man smiled at me first and then agreed to help me. He drove the mother away with great efforts, and for several times, he was almost hurt by the mother. Thanks to him, I was able to get there and pull the little swan out of the gap finally. Oh, I really hoped it wasn’t injured, but at least it was alive and swimming!

In spring, I become more physically active. Things around don’t make us, but nature does, and it keeps us going. I am positive that all of us have a little piece of nature in our own neighborhoods. Somewhere we will be reminded why natural life is so important—because we grow with it! Personally, I am happy that baby birds can put a smile on my face! I struggle for having a small number of “things” in life, and being filled with simple reality—at one with Nature.

1.What can we know about the author from Paragraph 1?

A.Her favorite season is spring.

B.She enjoys doing outdoor sports.

C.Her backyard is filled with plum trees.

D.She is satisfied with her living environment.

2.Why was that day special for the author?

A.She took a few photos of the sunset.

B.She made a little swan’s mother angry.

C.She met some swans and helped one of them.

D.She met an old man and made friends with him.

3.What kind of person is probably the old man?

A.Well-known. B.Warm-hearted.

C.Selfish. D.Outgoing.

4.What makes us more physically active according to the author?

A.Nature. B.Kindness.

C.The garden. D.The things around.

B

When a leafy(多叶的) plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants send through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.

Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. It’s a plant’s way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Obviously. Because we can watch the neighbors react.

Some plants give out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They give out smells designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.

In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.

Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. Therefore, information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.

Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.

5.What does a plant do when it is under attack?

A.It makes noises.

B.It stands quietly.

C.It gets help from other plants.

D.It sends out certain chemicals.

6.What will happen when the attackers’ natural enemies arrive?

A.The attackers will get attacked.

B.The insects will gather under the table.

C.The plants will get ready to fight back.

D.The attackers will give out smelly chemicals.

7.Scientists find from their studies that plants can　　　　. 

A.talk to one another on purpose

B.warn people of a coming danger

C.protect themselves against insects

D.help their neighbors who are under attack

8.What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A.The world is changing faster than ever.

B.People have stronger senses than before.

C.We don’t fully understand the world.

D.People in Darwin’s time were more imaginative.

Ⅲ.七选五

The world has a plastic problem—and it is increasing.　1　 But in the meantime, here are five things you can do to reduce plastic waste now. 

1.Replace plastic bags. People use a lot of plastic bags worldwide every year. About 10 percent are used in the United States alone. That’s almost one bag per American per day. 　2　 In 1993, Denmark was the first country to place a tax(税) on plastic bags. Today, other countries either make customers pay for plastic bags or have banned them completely. 

2.Skip the straw(吸管). Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world’s beaches. 　3　In 2018, Seattle became the first major U.S. city to ban plastic straws, and many other cities are set to follow its example. 

3.Use limited plastic bottles. Buy a reusable bottle and fill it with any type of beverage(饮料)you like. 　4　Globally, however, consumers still buy nearly a million plastic bottles every minute. 

4.Avoid plastic packaging materials. Don’t buy fruit or vegetables in plastic packaging. In the United Kingdom, leaders are calling for supermarkets to have plastic-free areas. They also want to tax plastic take-out containers.

5.Recycle. We can’t recycle all plastic items, but it is possible to recycle most bottles and milk or juice cartons. Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottle. How?　5　 

A.Likewise, the average Dane(丹麦人) uses four plastic bags per day.

B.In contrast, the average Dane uses four single-use bags per year.

C.So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one.

D.However, there are still loads of people ignoring the seriousness of it.

E.Scientists are working to find a long-term solution by making plastic more biodegradable (可降解的).

F.Some cities, like Bundanoon in Australia and San Francisco in the U.S., have completely or partially banned bottled water.

G.Machines at most supermarkets take the bottles and give a refund (退款) of up to 2.5 kroner (32 cents) per bottle.

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　Part 2　Using language 

答案

能力提升练

Ⅰ.1.colourful　考查形容词。空前的are是系动词,其后应用形容词作表语。

2.to complete　考查非谓语动词。本句是“It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.”句型,意为“(某人)花多长时间做某事”,其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语。故填to complete。

3.into　考查介词。turn...into...是固定搭配,意为“把……变成……”。

4.being washed　考查非谓语动词及被动语态。keep sb./sth. from doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”,此处短语wash away与其逻辑主语soil是被动关系,应用doing的被动形式being done。故填being washed。

5.wisely　考查副词。设空处修饰动词designed,应用副词形式。

6.moves　考查时态和主谓一致。设空处是谓语动词,且此处表示客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语rainwater是第三人称单数形式,故谓语用动词的第三人称单数形式。

7.which　考查定语从句。逗号前是一个完整的句子,空后句子缺少主语,故推测此处是非限制性定语从句,且设空处代替vapour,在从句中作主语,vapour指物,故用which。

8.birds　考查名词的数。bird是可数名词,空前没有冠词,只能用复数表示类别。

9.their　考查代词。tradition是名词,应用形容词性物主代词修饰。

10.the　考查定冠词。wonder在这里表示“奇迹;奇观”,为可数名词,此处特指这一奇观,故设空处应用定冠词the。

Ⅱ.                                A

1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中“I live not far from...the walking paths daily.”可知,“我”住的地方离一个公园不远,它是日本最大的公园之一,以近一万棵李子树而闻名。“我”很幸运,它们都在“我”的后院外面,每天“我”都能在小路上散步。由此判断出,作者对自己的生活环境很满意,故选D项。

2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“I see the same trees...They were pretty and cute.(我每天都看到同样的树和天鹅,但那天不同。在小湖边,我看到了一些新出生的黑天鹅。它们又漂亮又可爱。)”及第三段中“Thanks to him...alive and swimming!(多亏了他,我才能到达那里,最终把小天鹅从夹缝里拉出来。哦,我真希望它没有受伤,但至少它还活着,还在游泳!)”可知,那天对作者来说是特别的一天是因为她遇到了一些天鹅,并帮助了其中一只。故选C项。

3.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“After hearing my words...almost hurt by the mother.(听了我的话,那个人先对我笑了笑,然后同意帮助我。他费了好大的劲儿才把天鹅妈妈赶走,有好几次差点被天鹅妈妈伤到。)”可判断出,老人很热心。well-known有名的;warm-hearted热心的;selfish自私的;outgoing外向的。故选B项。

4.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In spring, I become more physically...in our own neighborhoods.(在春天,我变得更加活跃。周围的事物不能使我们活跃,但大自然能,它让我们继续前进。我确信在我们所有人的社区里,都存在着大自然的一小部分。)”可知,根据作者的说法,是大自然让我们身体更活跃,故选A项。

B

5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.”可知,当植物受到伤害时,会释放一种特殊的化学物质。

6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Once they arrive...becomes lunch. (一旦它们到达,局面就会逆转,正在吃午餐的攻击者现在变成了午餐。)”可知,当攻击者的天敌到来时,攻击者则会成为天敌的午餐,即“就会成为被攻击的对象”。

7.C　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中“they heard the alarm and knew what to do”可知,植物听到警告后知道要做什么,说明它们会保护自己免受昆虫的伤害。

8.C　推理判断题。最后一段提到,150多年前,达尔文就曾想到这个世界比我们所看到、听到的更加繁忙,更加吵闹,也更加亲密,我们的感官还不够强大,很多东西都未感知到。故C项“我们并不完全了解这个世界”正确。

Ⅲ.

1.E　过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语境为:全球面临着塑料污染问题→　1　→我们普通人可以怎样做来减少塑料垃圾,E项“科学家们正在努力通过使塑料更具生物降解性来找到一个长期的解决方案”恰好是两者之间的过渡,起承上启下的作用。 

2.B　过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语境为:美国人均每天使用塑料袋的数量→　2　→丹麦关于使用塑料袋的政策。B项“相比之下,丹麦人平均每年使用四个一次性塑料袋”符合语境。B项内容与上文内容形成对比,把美国人与丹麦人使用塑料袋的数量进行对比,且能引起下文。 

3.C　细节句。根据上文“Today, around 8.3 billion plastic straws pollute the world’s beaches.”可知,上文介绍的是塑料吸管对环境的污染。设空处承接上文,C项“所以当你点饮料时,对吸管说不,或者带上自己的可重复使用的吸管”符合语境。

4.F　细节句。根据段落主旨句“Use limited plastic bottles.”可知,本段内容介绍的是为了减少塑料垃圾,尽量少用塑料瓶。F项符合段落主旨,介绍了一些城市为了减少塑料瓶带来的污染,完全或部分禁止瓶装水,且与空后句“然而,在全球范围内,消费者仍然每分钟购买近100万个塑料瓶”形成转折关系。

5.G　细节句。根据上文“Today, Norway recycles 97 percent of its plastic bottle. How?”可知,上文介绍了挪威在塑料瓶回收上取得的成就。并提出以何种方式循环使用,表明下文应介绍所采用的措施。G项“大多数超市的机器都会回收瓶子,每瓶最多退款2.5克朗(32美分)”介绍了具体实施措施,承接上文。