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上教版（2020）必修 第二册2 Roads to educationn课文配套课件ppt
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这是一份上教版（2020）必修 第二册2 Roads to educationn课文配套课件ppt，共39页。PPT课件主要包含了CONTENT，非限制定语从句，2据句意搭配，without，from whom，on which，learn from，live in，on the day等内容，欢迎下载使用。
例句The ld wman, wh lives n her wn, has a cat fr cmpany.Laura is ging t marry Mark, whm she is falling in lve with.Beijing, which is the capital f China, is very beautiful.Dgs, which are friends f peple, are becming mre and mre ppular.
I have a daughter that is a teacher.我有一个当老师的女儿。I have a daughter, wh is a teacher.我有一个女儿，她是老师。
（1）作用不同 限制性定语从句用来修饰和说明先行词，具有限制作用；而非限制性定语从句一般跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是对先行词的附和、补充说明，不起限制作用，可以省略，省略后主句的意思仍很完整。His brther wh lives in Lndn will g t America next week.他住在伦敦的哥哥下周将去美国。(限制性定语从句，意思是他可能还有别的哥哥。) His brther，wh lives in Lndn，will g t America next week. 他的哥哥住在伦敦，下周将去美国。(非限制性定语从句，对先行词his brther起到补充说明的作用，言外之意是他只有一个哥哥。)
（2）形式不同 限制性定语从句主句和从句之间没有逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句常用逗号隔开从句和主句。The man wh is shaking hands with my father is a pliceman.The prject, which lasted three years, cst 1 billin.
（3）先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词通常是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的关系词可以指代主句的部分或全部内容。This is the best film that I have ever seen.The film is very interesting, which makes me very glad.
（4）关系词的使用情况有所不同 ①that不用于引导非限制性定语从句②关系代词替代情况不同 关系代词whm在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 wh代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用wh来代替。This is the by I met at the theatre.A yung man had a new girlfriend, he wanted t impress. ③关系代词省略情况不同关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可省略。
This is a gd film I saw a few days ag.The summer hliday, we’re lking frward t, is drawing near.
(which/that)
（5）翻译不同 含限制性定语从句的句子先译从句，后译先行词，将从句放在先行词前。含非限制性定语从句的句子一般先译先行词，后译从句，形成两个分句。She has a brther wh wrks in a hspital.她有一个在医院工作的哥哥。She has a brther，wh wrks in a hspital. 她有一个哥哥，在医院工作。
as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别The rad was s slippery, which caused lts f accidents.As anybdy can see, a cmputer can d almst everything peple can.He criticizes Mary in public, which she desn’t like at all.
关系代词wh/whm/whse
There are 50 ss in ur class and half f wear glasses.There are 50 ss in ur class, half f wear glasses.wh指人，在从句中做主语也可以做宾语。whm指人，在从句中做宾语。介词后只能用whm，不能跟wh
whse表所属关系D yu knw Peter? His father is very rich. D yu knw Peter whse father is very rich?He wants a rm. Its windw faces suth. He wants a rm whse windw faces suth. He wants a rm the windw f which faces suth.
whse既可指人，又可指物
1. Maria has written tw nvels, bth f ________ have been made int televisin series.2. A lt f language learning, _____ has been discvered, is happening in the first year f life, s parents shuld talk much t their children during that perid.3. Ellen was a painter f birds and f nature, _______ , fr sme reasn, had withdrawn frm all human sciety.4. When deeply absrbed in wrk, _________ he ften was, he wuld frget all abut eating r sleeping.5. It is the third time that she has wn the race, _________ has surprised us all.
介词+关系代词 （whm；which）
当介词用于关系代词前时:
关系代词指人,只能用 介词+whm 关系代词指物,只能用 介词+which
2. Whm 和 which 不能省略
The mney is gne. Yu were t buy dg fd with the mney. The mney (which/that) yu were t buy dg fd with is gne. The mney with which yu were t buy dg fd is gne.
buy sth with
(1).词组的搭配(看从句中的动词短语,和形容词短语搭配)
2．Have yu met him? Our teacher is talking abut the tall man. Have yu met the tall man (whm/wh/that) ur teacher is talking abut? Have yu met the tall man abut whm ur teacher is talking ?
talk abut sb
Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed many prblems.
at the meeting
Yesterday we had a meeting.we discussed many prblems at the meeting.
Air _______which we can’t live is really imprtant.
介词+关系代词的灵活运用
The girl whm yu wrk is Cathy.The farm which we wrked ten years ag is beautiful.This is the tree which we used t play games.Care f sul is a gradual prcess which even small details f life shuld be cnsidered.
The ease with which Tm cracked the cmplex was unbelievable. Tm cracked the cmplex sentence with ease. The ease was unbelievable.
at the rate（ 以…的速度;按…的比率）; in the directin; t the extent（在…范围/限度内）;by the means; in practice; t the degree（到...的程度）
找准先行词将先行词还原至从句选择合适的介词将从句与先行词连接
He is the man yu can depend.I wish t thank Prfessr Hu, help I wuld never have gt this far.Have yu fund the bk _______ I paid $10? Have yu fund the bk _______ I spent $10?This is my pair f glasses, ___________ I cannt see clearly.
withut whse
withut which
介词+关系代词中f的用法English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each f which uses it differently. The cmpany, f which he was the chairman, has made a lt f mney.We had a meeting the purpse f which was nt clear.He wants a wants a rm the windw f which faces suth.
f在定语从句中表所属关系或整体与部分的关系。常见结构：不定代词/数量词/形容词比较或最高级+ f which/whm，表示数量或某种特点。all, each, either, neither, nne, little, few, many, much, half, several…
固定搭配的介宾短语He may be late, in which case we shuld wait fr him.He was a great writer, in whse hnr this statue was built.
定语从句中介词不可以提前的短语关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时，介词既可置于从句之首，亦可置于从句之末。但以置于从句之首较为正式。如：This is the bk fr which yu asked. 这是你所要的书。This is the bk which yu asked fr. 这是你所要的书。如果介系词与动词或形容词组成固定词组时，介系词就不可以提前了，如：The ld wman whm he is taking care f is my grandmther. 他正在照顾的那位老人是我的外婆。
凡是结构紧密含介词的短语动词，在定语从句中不能把介词提前到关系代词前，例如 lk after, lk fr, take care f, be afraid f，等等。1.含有介词的动词短语固定搭配一般不拆开使用,如：lk fr, lk after, take care f等(1) This is the watch which/that I am lking fr.(2) This is the watch fr which I am lking.
另外：有些动词的固定短语是不可以将介词提前的: lk after, take care f , lk frward t, pay attentin t, lk int, break int…
Cnclusin: 根本方法：把先行词带入定语从句中，看是否缺介词，缺介词的话在关系代词前补上介词 —— 介词+关系代词
Fill in the blanks with prper wrds.
1. The teacher______ ______ I learnt mst was Mrs. Zhu.2. This is the huse______ ______ Lu Xun nce lived.3. He will never frget the day __ ______ he came t Beijing.
in which
4. The reasn _____ ______ I came here is that I want t get yur help.5. The West Lake, ____ ______ Hangzhu is famus, is a beautiful place.
fr which
fr the reasn
be famus fr
whse+名词=
f which/whm＋ the + 名词the＋名词＋f which/whm
There are 50 ss in ur class, half f whm wear glasses.He wants a wants a rm the windw f which faces suth. = whse windw
用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句1. I disagree with the facts ____ which yur argument is based.2. The sng, ____ which he was interested, will never be heard again.3. This is the reasn _____ which he ften cmes t schl late.4. I will never frget the way ___ which/ (that) my teacher taught me.5. This is the her ____ whm we are prud.
例句The ld wman, wh lives n her wn, has a cat fr cmpany.Laura is ging t marry Mark, whm she is falling in lve with.Beijing, which is the capital f China, is very beautiful.Dgs, which are friends f peple, are becming mre and mre ppular.
I have a daughter that is a teacher.我有一个当老师的女儿。I have a daughter, wh is a teacher.我有一个女儿，她是老师。
（1）作用不同 限制性定语从句用来修饰和说明先行词，具有限制作用；而非限制性定语从句一般跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是对先行词的附和、补充说明，不起限制作用，可以省略，省略后主句的意思仍很完整。His brther wh lives in Lndn will g t America next week.他住在伦敦的哥哥下周将去美国。(限制性定语从句，意思是他可能还有别的哥哥。) His brther，wh lives in Lndn，will g t America next week. 他的哥哥住在伦敦，下周将去美国。(非限制性定语从句，对先行词his brther起到补充说明的作用，言外之意是他只有一个哥哥。)
（2）形式不同 限制性定语从句主句和从句之间没有逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句常用逗号隔开从句和主句。The man wh is shaking hands with my father is a pliceman.The prject, which lasted three years, cst 1 billin.
（3）先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词通常是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的关系词可以指代主句的部分或全部内容。This is the best film that I have ever seen.The film is very interesting, which makes me very glad.
（4）关系词的使用情况有所不同 ①that不用于引导非限制性定语从句②关系代词替代情况不同 关系代词whm在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 wh代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用wh来代替。This is the by I met at the theatre.A yung man had a new girlfriend, he wanted t impress. ③关系代词省略情况不同关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可省略。
This is a gd film I saw a few days ag.The summer hliday, we’re lking frward t, is drawing near.
(which/that)
（5）翻译不同 含限制性定语从句的句子先译从句，后译先行词，将从句放在先行词前。含非限制性定语从句的句子一般先译先行词，后译从句，形成两个分句。She has a brther wh wrks in a hspital.她有一个在医院工作的哥哥。She has a brther，wh wrks in a hspital. 她有一个哥哥，在医院工作。
as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别The rad was s slippery, which caused lts f accidents.As anybdy can see, a cmputer can d almst everything peple can.He criticizes Mary in public, which she desn’t like at all.
关系代词wh/whm/whse
There are 50 ss in ur class and half f wear glasses.There are 50 ss in ur class, half f wear glasses.wh指人，在从句中做主语也可以做宾语。whm指人，在从句中做宾语。介词后只能用whm，不能跟wh
whse表所属关系D yu knw Peter? His father is very rich. D yu knw Peter whse father is very rich?He wants a rm. Its windw faces suth. He wants a rm whse windw faces suth. He wants a rm the windw f which faces suth.
whse既可指人，又可指物
1. Maria has written tw nvels, bth f ________ have been made int televisin series.2. A lt f language learning, _____ has been discvered, is happening in the first year f life, s parents shuld talk much t their children during that perid.3. Ellen was a painter f birds and f nature, _______ , fr sme reasn, had withdrawn frm all human sciety.4. When deeply absrbed in wrk, _________ he ften was, he wuld frget all abut eating r sleeping.5. It is the third time that she has wn the race, _________ has surprised us all.
介词+关系代词 （whm；which）
当介词用于关系代词前时:
关系代词指人,只能用 介词+whm 关系代词指物,只能用 介词+which
2. Whm 和 which 不能省略
The mney is gne. Yu were t buy dg fd with the mney. The mney (which/that) yu were t buy dg fd with is gne. The mney with which yu were t buy dg fd is gne.
buy sth with
(1).词组的搭配(看从句中的动词短语,和形容词短语搭配)
2．Have yu met him? Our teacher is talking abut the tall man. Have yu met the tall man (whm/wh/that) ur teacher is talking abut? Have yu met the tall man abut whm ur teacher is talking ?
talk abut sb
Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed many prblems.
at the meeting
Yesterday we had a meeting.we discussed many prblems at the meeting.
Air _______which we can’t live is really imprtant.
介词+关系代词的灵活运用
The girl whm yu wrk is Cathy.The farm which we wrked ten years ag is beautiful.This is the tree which we used t play games.Care f sul is a gradual prcess which even small details f life shuld be cnsidered.
The ease with which Tm cracked the cmplex was unbelievable. Tm cracked the cmplex sentence with ease. The ease was unbelievable.
at the rate（ 以…的速度;按…的比率）; in the directin; t the extent（在…范围/限度内）;by the means; in practice; t the degree（到...的程度）
找准先行词将先行词还原至从句选择合适的介词将从句与先行词连接
He is the man yu can depend.I wish t thank Prfessr Hu, help I wuld never have gt this far.Have yu fund the bk _______ I paid $10? Have yu fund the bk _______ I spent $10?This is my pair f glasses, ___________ I cannt see clearly.
withut whse
withut which
介词+关系代词中f的用法English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each f which uses it differently. The cmpany, f which he was the chairman, has made a lt f mney.We had a meeting the purpse f which was nt clear.He wants a wants a rm the windw f which faces suth.
f在定语从句中表所属关系或整体与部分的关系。常见结构：不定代词/数量词/形容词比较或最高级+ f which/whm，表示数量或某种特点。all, each, either, neither, nne, little, few, many, much, half, several…
固定搭配的介宾短语He may be late, in which case we shuld wait fr him.He was a great writer, in whse hnr this statue was built.
定语从句中介词不可以提前的短语关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时，介词既可置于从句之首，亦可置于从句之末。但以置于从句之首较为正式。如：This is the bk fr which yu asked. 这是你所要的书。This is the bk which yu asked fr. 这是你所要的书。如果介系词与动词或形容词组成固定词组时，介系词就不可以提前了，如：The ld wman whm he is taking care f is my grandmther. 他正在照顾的那位老人是我的外婆。
凡是结构紧密含介词的短语动词，在定语从句中不能把介词提前到关系代词前，例如 lk after, lk fr, take care f, be afraid f，等等。1.含有介词的动词短语固定搭配一般不拆开使用,如：lk fr, lk after, take care f等(1) This is the watch which/that I am lking fr.(2) This is the watch fr which I am lking.
另外：有些动词的固定短语是不可以将介词提前的: lk after, take care f , lk frward t, pay attentin t, lk int, break int…
Cnclusin: 根本方法：把先行词带入定语从句中，看是否缺介词，缺介词的话在关系代词前补上介词 —— 介词+关系代词
Fill in the blanks with prper wrds.
1. The teacher______ ______ I learnt mst was Mrs. Zhu.2. This is the huse______ ______ Lu Xun nce lived.3. He will never frget the day __ ______ he came t Beijing.
in which
4. The reasn _____ ______ I came here is that I want t get yur help.5. The West Lake, ____ ______ Hangzhu is famus, is a beautiful place.
fr which
fr the reasn
be famus fr
whse+名词=
f which/whm＋ the + 名词the＋名词＋f which/whm
There are 50 ss in ur class, half f whm wear glasses.He wants a wants a rm the windw f which faces suth. = whse windw
用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句1. I disagree with the facts ____ which yur argument is based.2. The sng, ____ which he was interested, will never be heard again.3. This is the reasn _____ which he ften cmes t schl late.4. I will never frget the way ___ which/ (that) my teacher taught me.5. This is the her ____ whm we are prud.
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