高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters优秀练习题

人教版必修一·U4第一课时随堂训练

（解析版）

一、根据要求完成句子

1. 单词拼写（共5小题）

1）More than seven million people have been affected by _________ （干旱）.

2）_________（洪水） waters washed away one of the main bridges in Pusan(釜山).

3）Volunteers formed a human chain to r________ precious items from the burning house.

4）Employees were urged to _________（撤出） their offices immediately.

5）They provided food and s_________ for the poor.

2. 用damage/destroy/ruin的正确形式填空（共6小题）

1）The earthquake ____________ almost the whole town.

2）You’ll ____________ your health if you go on like this.

3）The car was only slightly _____________ in the accident.

4）The Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historical Interest Area was severely ________ in the earthquake.

5）That one mistake _______ his chance of getting the job.

6）The building was completely _________ by floods.

【答案与解析】

1. 1)drought;   2)Flood;    3)rescue;   4)evacuate;    5)shelter

2.

1) 句意：地震几乎摧毁了整个小镇。根据句子可知，地震对小镇的影响是破坏性的，因而用destroyed。

2) 句意：如果你继续这样下去的话，你会毁掉你的健康的。健康对我们有用，因而毁掉用ruin。

3) 句意：这辆车在这场事故中轻微受损。根据句意可知，该车受损不严重，因而用damaged。

4) 句意：九寨沟风景区在地震中严重受损。根据常识可知，九寨沟受影响严重，但是没有完全被毁掉，因而用damaged。

5) 句意：一个错误就毁掉了他得到工作的机会。根据句子可知，获得工作对自己有利，因而机会被毁掉，故用ruined。

6) 句意：这栋建筑物被洪水完全毁掉。根据句子completely可知，建筑物被完全毁掉，故用destroyed。

二、单项选择（共4小题）

1. The new law has come into________；surely it will have ________ on industry of the country.

A．affect; an effect       B．effect; affect    C．effect; an effect    D．an effect; affect

2. The new law has come into ______________ and it will surely ______________ the industry of the country.

A．affect; effect     B．effect; effect  C．affect; affect     D．effect; affect

3. _______, the students insist that he _________ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty.

A．Avoiding to be affected; be     B．To avoid to be affected; would be

C．Avoid being affected; should be    D．To avoid being affected; be

4. With the government’s aid, those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.

A．affect   B．affecting   C．affected   D．were affected

【答案与解析】

1. 考查词组。come into effect开始生效，have effect on对…有影响，句意：新的法律已经生效了，当然会对这个国家的工业有影响。选C。
2. 考查effect和affect的用法。句意：新法律已经生效，它肯定会影响这个国家的工业。come into effect为固定搭配，意为＂生效，开始实施＂；affect＂影响＂；effect作名词讲时，表示＂作用，影响＂；作动词讲时，表示＂实现＂。第二空助动词will后用动词原形affect，根据句意和分析句子成分可知，D项正确。故选D。
3. 考查不定式作目的状语和虚拟语气。句意：为了避免被影响，他要求把他和他淘气的同桌分开。由句意可知，为了避免受到影响，故用不定式作目的状语。避免做某事，avoid doing sth.，使用动名词的被动语态。insist 后加从句表示“坚持做某事”时要用虚拟语气，insist that sb.（should）do sth.故选D。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在政府的紧急救援下，那些受到地震影响的灾区民众已经转移到新的居民区。首先是“被影响”所以排除AB。With the government’s aid是状语，_____ by the earthquake是后置定语修饰句子主语those，句子的真正谓语动词是have，所以排除D，所以答案是C。

三、语篇语法填空（共10小题）

The hurricane happened so quickly. I was siting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap,1．      the roof just flew off. All of 2．      sudden, there was sky where the roof had been. The rain was coming down hard and fast. Our street turned into a river in 3．       ( second).

At first, I was 4．       ( please) we could stay at home, but soon it got really tough. Without a roof, staying inside was too dangerous. We just had drinking water that was sent 5．      us by helicopter, but it was never enough. I just 6．      (spend ) the days watching the boats going up and down the street and Smarie had disappeared the moment the storm hit.

Living in the open air, we became breakfast，lunch and dinner for the mosquitos. But Mom encouraged us 7．      (see) the good side of things. We had lost our home and every thing，including Smartie.

Although it was only a few days before we 8．       ( rescue), it felt like months. We were taken to another town. Thankfully, Smartie came home just in time.

Now, one year has passed and I'm back home in New Orleans. We have enough confidence to rebuild our homes and our lives. Now we can 9．       ( peaceful) watch the stars of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us 10．       ( strong) to move on.

【答案与解析】

1. 考查连词。句意：我正在屋子里坐着， Smartie 在我的膝盖上坐着，这时屋顶突然就掉下来了。此处为常用句式be doing sth. + when +其他，意为“正在做某事的时候突然发生了另外一件事情”。故填 when。
2. 考查固定短语。此处为常用短语all of a sudden，意为“突然”。故填 a。
3. 考查名词复数。句意：我们的街道几秒种后就被水淹没了。提示词second为可数名词，in seconds意为“几秒钟后”。.故填 seconds。
4. 考查形容词。句意：刚开始的时候，我们能待在家，我感到很开心。was 是be动词，后面要加形容词来形容人的心情，故填pleased。
5. 考查介词。句意：我们只有直升机给我们送来的饮用水。此处为动词短语 sth be sent to sb。 故填 to。
6. 考查动词时态。句意：我整天看着船在街道起起伏伏。空格处作谓语，且是过去发生的动作，要用一般过去时态。故填 spent。
7. 考查动词短语。句意：但是妈妈鼓励我们看到事物的光明面。此处 encourage sb to do sth，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填 to see。
8. 考查动词被动语态。句意：但是几天之后我们才获救。空格处作谓语，是过去发生的动作，且主语是动作的承受者，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是 we，故填 were rescued。
9. 考查副词。句意：现在我们可以平静地望着新奥尔良州的星星。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰watch。故填 peacefully。
10. 考查名词。句意：他们的美激励着我们，给我们力量以继续前行。根据短语“give sb. sth.”可知，空格处填写名词。故填 strength。