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2021-2022学年山东省泰安市肥城市高一下学期英语期末试卷（新高考山东版）含解析
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这是一份2021-2022学年山东省泰安市肥城市高一下学期英语期末试卷（新高考山东版）含解析，共33页。
2021-2022学年肥城市第一高级中学高一下学期英语期末试卷（新高考山东版）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
听力部分
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who went to the cinema yesterday afternoon?
A. Tom. B. Peter. C. Jerry.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Where were you boys yesterday afternoon? I couldn’t find any of you when I came back home.
M: Mom, Tom and I went to Jerry’s house and Peter went to the cinema with his friend Iran.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman happy with?
A. A job offer. B. A new house. C. An IBM computer.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: You look happy today.
W: I got the offer from IBM yesterday Now I have to rent a new house. The company is far from my apartment.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. What food to buy for this week.
B. Whose turn to do the shopping.
C. Where to buy some bread.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Shouldn’t someone go to the supermarket to buy some bread?
M: Don’t look at me. You should do the shopping this week.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman imply about the man?
A. He is always late for class.
B. He works hard every minute.
C. He should prepare for the exam early.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m exhausted. I stayed up the whole night studying for my midterm math exam.
W: But why do you always wait until the last minute?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers?
A. In a taxi. B. In an office. C. At home.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Listen to the news! Rush hour is very bad this morning. I’m going to call Trish and tell her I’ll work at home this morning.
W: Er, maybe it’s a better choice.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What was the man’s mother unhappy with?
A. The old pictures. B. The e-invitations. C. The tickets to Texas.
7. What does the woman remind the man to do?
A. Book the plane tickets. B. Check the booking. C. Save some money.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey! Ask your mom for more old pictures, OK?
M: Can’t it wait? She’s still angry that we sent e-mail wedding invitations
W: But we saved your parents so much money.
M: I know. And they’re spending enough on the plane tickets to Texas!
W: Speaking of plane tickets, don’t forget to check on the reservations!
M: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is Tom doing now?
A. Doing his homework. B. Preparing for an exam. C. Reading a newspaper.
9. Who went to a party?
A. Ella. B. Tom. C. Jimmy.
【答案】8. A 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Fanny. Could you play with me for a while?
W: Oh, sorry, Jimmy. I’m busy preparing for an examination now. Why not go to play with Tom?
M: He is doing his homework right now.
W: How about your dad? Is he busy, too?
M: Yes, as usual.
W: Then how about your grandpa? You can ask him to tell you a story.
M: But he is reading a newspaper now.
W: How about Ella then?
M: She is not back yet. She went out with her friends this early morning.
W: Right. But what a long party! Okay, I will play with you for a while.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What did the man do last night?
A. He had his phone fixed.
B. He worked in a company.
C. He went out for dinner.
11. Why did the woman call the man?
A. To play computer games with him.
B. To tell him the homework.
C. To ask him for help.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Contact Jane. B. Ask Henry for advice. C. Call the man’s assistant.
【答案】10. C 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Lewis. I called you last night but there was no answer.
M: Sorry. I went out for dinner and left my cellphone at home. What’s up, Lisa?
W: Well, something has been wrong with my computer for three days. Henry told me that you were good at it, so I want to see if you could help me.
M: Ha, I just like playing computer games and I don’t think I can handle any technical problems.
W: What should I do? I have a lot of homework to do this week.
M: Why don’t you ask Jane? She works in a computer company as an assistant. Maybe her colleagues could offer you some help.
W: Thank you. I’ll call her.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Where is the new branch office?
A. In Spain. B. In France. C. In Germany.
14. What do we know about Mr. Smith?
A. He doesn’t have kids.
B. He is good at languages.
C. He has much experience.
15. When did Jeff come to the company?
A. Five years ago. B. Three years ago. C. One year ago.
16. What does the man ask the woman to do this afternoon?
A. Give Jeff a call.
B. Have a chat with Betty.
C. Join the talk with Jeff.
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: The boss wants a decision this week on whom we plan to send to run the new branch office in Spain.
M: Well, let’s have a look at them again. I still think Betty is the best choice. She’s the only one that can speak Spanish.
W: True, but she’s only been with us for a year...
M: Well, Mr. Smith has been with us for five years, but he can’t move overseas very easily. He has two children in school here.
W: Hmm, I see your point. Well, that leaves Jeff. He can’t speak Spanish, but he’s good at languages so he can learn. He already speaks French and German very well. He isn’t married and he doesn’t have kids.
M: So he can move. He has three years’ experience with us. That’s good.
W: So Jeff it is, then. How soon can he move?
M: I don’t know. I’ll give him a call and ask him to come and have a chat this afternoon. Can you come here, too? Say 2 o’clock?
W: Yeah. See you then.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. A library. B. An online service. C. A new organization.
18. What can’t people do on the website?
A. Buy books. B. Read books for free. C. Put their books on it.
19. How can members get information about the books?
A. By sending an e-mail. B. By making a phone call. C. By checking an online list.
20. What color stands for books put in the last 3 days?
A. Red. B. Yellow. C. Blue.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Have you ever wanted to read a book but you can’t get it? Have you wanted to share any excellent books with others around the world?A website called “bookcrossing.com” can help you with that. This is a book sharing website for readers for free around the world. It is just like an online library. Users can put their books on the website for others to read. Or they can read books which are offered by others.Sometimes books are put into some public places like coffee shops, restaurants and stations. Members can view a list on the website. If a member wants a book of the list, he can go there to get the book and read it. On the website, the yellow numbers can show how many books were put in the last 30 days. If the number is red, it shows how many books were put at the place in the last 3 days.
笔试部分
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you want to bring your cat along on a weekend break somewhere in the UK, where are the best places to go?
The Redcoats Farmhouse Hotel, Hitchin
The Redcoats Farmhouse Hotel offers home-cooked food and comfortable bedrooms. The historic country house is set in four acres of gardens, with scenic views across Hertfordshire’s countryside. Small pets are allowed, but make sure they are well-behaved. And they are not allowed on the beds. If they cause any extra damage or mess, like mud, then there will be an extra charge.
The Tiggers Cottage, Berkshire
The Tiggers is a beautiful, 180-year-old, black and white Tudor cottage located within a moment’s walk of pretty Bray High Street with lovely views over the gardens. Your cat will love the coal fireplace and the owner’s two pet dogs, Sambuca and Truffle, are always on hand to join you for a walk if your cat would rather enjoy the enclosed garden.
The Jack Russel Inn, Andover
The Jack Russell Inn welcomes all forms of four-legged friends. With natural beauty and wildlife in the surrounding areas, this lovely place also offers local food that celebrates great British produce. Not to mention the warm underfloor heating you and your cat will want to rest on.
The Roast Ox Inn, Wales
Located in Painscastle, Wales, this cat-friendly Inn offers wonderful sights of natural beauty, from rivers, forests and mountains, to nearby market towns. The hotel offers bedrooms with super-king sized beds, and a cat Michael, the owner’s pet, who is always on hand to welcome guests.
Click here to book a stay.
21. What do The Tiggers Cottage and The Roast Ox Inn have in common?
A. They both have a long history.
B. The large bedrooms are provided.
C. They are both near the market towns.
D. The owners’ pets are friendly to guests.
22. Which place offers a good heating system?
A. The Roast Ox Inn. B. The Tiggers Cottage.
C The Jack Russel Inn. D. The Redcoats Farmhouse Hotel.
23. Where can readers find this text?
A. From a local magazine. B. From a travel book.
C. From a newspaper. D. From a webpage.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在英国周末休息时可以带猫去的四个好去处。
21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Your cat will love the coal fireplace and the owner’s two pet dogs, Sambuca and Truffle, are always on hand to join you for a walk if your cat would rather enjoy the enclosed garden.(你的猫会喜欢煤壁炉，如果你的猫更喜欢封闭的花园，主人的两只宠物狗Sambuca和Truffle会随时陪你散步)”以及倒数第二段“The hotel offers bedrooms with super-king sized beds, and a cat Michael, the owner’s pet, who is always on hand to welcome guests.(酒店提供有特大号床的卧室，还有一只主人的宠物猫迈克尔，它总是随时欢迎客人)”可知，The Tiggers Cottage店主的两只宠物狗Sambuca和Truffle随时都会陪你散步；The Roast Ox Inn店主的宠物猫Michael总是随时欢迎客人的到来，由此可知，这两家店的共同之处是店主的宠物对客人们都很友好。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Not to mention the warm underfloor heating you and your cat will want to rest on.(更不用说你和你的猫想要在上面休息的温暖的地暖了)” 可知，在The Jack Russel Inn，你和你的猫会想要躺在温暖的地板上休息，即The Jack Russel Inn的供暖系统很好。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Click here to book a stay.(单击此处预订住宿)”可知，读者可以点击网页预定住宿，所以读者会在网页上看到这篇文章。故选D项。
B
Jessica Long, from Baltimore, Maryland, USA is a champion by all definitions of the word. She is one of the world’s most decorated swimmers. Jessica was the youngest athlete to win a Paralympics (残奥会) medal. But her path to becoming a champion has been anything but easy.
Jessica was born in Irkutsk, Russia with a severe and rare disease — fibular hemimelia (腓侧半肢畸形). This means that part of her leg bones was missing or abnormal. Because of that, her young mother placed her in a Russian orphanage (孤儿院), fearing she could not care for Jessica.
Fortunately, she was adopted by an American family when she was 13 months old. She required 25 different surgeries to help her leg condition. But unfortunately, both of her legs had to be removed when she was just 18 months old. Jessica learned to walk with artificial legs. As a child, she took to sports including gymnastics, cheerleading, ice skating, biking and rock climbing.
She began swimming at her grandparents’ house when she was 6. She started competitive swimming about 4 years later. She did really well in swimming. Shortly after she started competing, Jessica was selected as Maryland’s Female Swimmer of the Year with a Disability. Even though Jessica was annoyed with her physical limitations, she was encouraged to enter her first Paralympic Games in Athens, Greece. She won three gold medals in swimming at 12! But she did not rest on her success.
Jessica has gone on to win 23 medals for Team USA at the Paralympics! While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! Her attitude and growth have been keys to her success. Jessica always believed she could do anything. As she says, “The only disability in life is a negative attitude.”
24. What happened to Jessica when she was a baby?
A. She was abandoned in the wild. B. She had 25 operations on her leg.
C. She had her legs cut because of a disease. D. She was adopted by a Russian family.
25. When did Jessica begin to receive professional swimming training?
A. At the age of 4. B. At the age of 6.
C. At the age of 10. D. At the age of 12.
26. What can we infer about Jessica from the text?
A. She was the youngest athlete in US history.
B. She has set a good example to Paralympians.
C. She has won 23 gold medals in Paralympics.
D. She took part in several sports in Paralympics.
27. What does the author want to tell us?
A. Difficult the first time, easy the second.
B. Never hit a man when he is down.
C. A common danger causes common action.
D. Nothing is impossible to a determined heart.
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了残疾女孩Jessica Long克服身体限制努力奋斗的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Jessica was born in Irkutsk, Russia with a severe and rare disease — fibular hemimelia (腓侧半肢畸形). (杰西卡出生于俄罗斯伊尔库茨克，患有一种严重而罕见的疾病——腓侧半肢畸形)”和第三段中的“But unfortunately, both of her legs had to be removed when she was just 18 months old. (但不幸的是，在她18个月大的时候，她的双腿都被切除了)”可知，在她18个月大的时候，Jessica的双腿因患病被截肢了。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She began swimming at her grandparents’ house when she was 6. She started competitive swimming about 4 years later. (她6岁时开始在祖父母家游泳。大约4年后，她开始了竞技游泳)”可知，竞技游泳需要接受专业游泳训练，Jessica是在10岁时开始接受专业游泳训练的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! (虽然她出于愤怒和烦恼开始了自己的职业生涯，但她现在在激励下一代残奥会运动员的使命上拥有了积极的力量！)”可知，Jessica的事迹鼓舞着一代又一代的残奥运动员们。由此可推知，Jessica是残奥运动员们的榜样。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Jessica Long尽管双腿被截肢，但她永不言弃，在残奥会中赢得了游泳金牌的故事。由此可推知，作者想通过本文告诉我们，世上无难事，只怕有心人（Nothing is impossible to a determined heart.）。故选D项。
C
The end of a semester can be a challenging time for students. Kids from elementary school through high school are already stressed after more than a year of C0VID-19 disrupted learning. Pressing through the last few weeks of a semester can be discouraging, especially for older students with demanding final projects and exams.
“Parents’ fears about their kids are so often not about the present but the future — a fear that kids who are struggling will get stuck there. But kids rarely stay stuck, in part because they too want their lives to work out,” says Ned Johnson, a test preparation expert. When children show signs of stress, parents should respond by focusing on mental health, not achievement or grades.
Families can create a sense of safety for children by establishing routines for the day and week, especially those that emphasize connection, such as family dinnertime and a bedtime chat. Parents should meet kids with empathy and listening, instead of trying to solve their problems. For example, we can normalize family conversation about the ups and downs of the day. As Madeline Levine, a psychologist, put it: let your children “borrow your calm”.
In addition, peer support programs can also play an important role in teaching skills for stress management and wellness. “Teens will talk to other teens, especially when they feel they are in a brave space built on trust,” Katie Hurley, a psychotherapist says.
Some children may arrive at the finish line exhausted and needing sleep. Or perhaps they are eager to celebrate the holidays with all the usual fanfare. Honor your child’s wishes and plan to create the break that fits your family’s needs. McKenna Reitz, a mom from Toledo, Ohio, plans for her daughters Karsen, 9, and Maddox, 6, to enjoy time off with family and friends. Her holiday plan apparently reflects that. “It is the most important thing they need right now,” she says. “Our children need to know that they are not alone.”
28. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. Children are struggling in study in the present situation.
B. Children’s focusing on grades makes them stay stuck in learning.
C. Parents stay stuck in making their children live to work out.
D. Parents’ fear about children getting stuck in study is unnecessary.
29. Why does the author mention Madeline Levine?
A. To ask parents to stay calm before their kids.
B. To show the necessity of talking to kids before tests.
C. To make parents let go of their kids during COVID-19.
D. To stress the importance of the help from the experts.
30. What does “that” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. Staying with kids in holidays. B. Respecting the needs of kids.
C. Helping kids celebrate holidays. D. Keeping exhausted kids happy.
31. What does the author want to show?
A. Parents should help kids to prepare their tests.
B. Parents should keep a closer eyes on kids study.
C. Parents should connect their kids more with nature.
D. Parents should let kids take a break from school stress.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了从小学到高中的孩子们已经感到压力很大，学期最后几周的压力可能会让人沮丧，尤其是对年纪较大的学生来说，他们的期末项目和考试要求很高，对此家长应该关注孩子的心理健康，而不是成绩。同时提出了一些给孩子减轻压力的方法。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““Parents’ fears about their kids are so often not about the present but the future — a fear that kids who are struggling will get stuck there. But kids rarely stay stuck, in part because they too want their lives to work out,” says Ned Johnson, a test preparation expert. When children show signs of stress, parents should respond by focusing on mental health, not achievement or grades.(“父母对孩子的担忧往往不是针对现在，而是针对未来——他们担心正在挣扎的孩子会陷入困境。但孩子们很少会停滞不前，部分原因是他们也希望自己的生活一帆风顺，”备考专家Ned Johnson说。当孩子表现出压力迹象时，父母应该关注心理健康，而不是成绩或分数)”可知，父母担心孩子陷入学习困境是没有必要的。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Families can create a sense of safety for children by establishing routines for the day and week, especially those that emphasize connection, such as family dinnertime and a bedtime chat. Parents should meet kids with empathy and listening, instead of trying to solve their problems. For example, we can normalize family conversation about the ups and downs of the day. As Madeline Levine, a psychologist, put it: let your children “borrow your calm”.(家庭可以通过建立日常和每周的惯例，尤其是那些强调联系的惯例，如家庭晚餐时间和睡前聊天，来为孩子创造一种安全感。父母应该以同情和倾听的态度对待孩子，而不是试图解决他们的问题。例如，我们可以让家人谈论一天的起起落落。正如心理学家Madeline Levine所说：让你的孩子“借用你的冷静”)”可推知，作者提到了Madeline Levine是为了让父母在孩子面前保持冷静。故选A。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Honor your child’s wishes and plan to create the break that fits your family’s needs. McKenna Reitz, a mom from Toledo, Ohio, plans for her daughters Karsen, 9, and Maddox, 6, to enjoy time off with family and friends.”可知，尊重你孩子的愿望，计划创造一个适合你家庭需要的休息时间。来自俄亥俄州托莱多的母亲麦肯纳·赖茨计划让9岁的卡尔森和6岁的马多克斯与家人和朋友一起享受假期，她的假期计划显然反映了尊重孩子的需要这一点。故that指的是“尊重孩子的需要”。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“When children show signs of stress, parents should respond by focusing on mental health, not achievement or grades.(当孩子表现出压力迹象时，父母应该关注心理健康，而不是成绩或分数)”结合文章主要说明了从小学到高中的孩子们已经感到压力很大，学期最后几周的压力可能会让人沮丧，尤其是对年纪较大的学生来说，他们的期末项目和考试要求很高，对此家长应该关注孩子的心理健康，而不是成绩。同时提出了一些给孩子减轻压力的方法。可推知，作者想表明父母应该让孩子从学校的压力中休息一下。故选D。
D
If you picnic in a Texas park, chances are you’ll encounter fire ants — a kind of pest that can deliver painful bites. This invasive (入侵的) species, like many others, is not only annoying but also destructive.
An invasive species is any kind of living thing that isn’t native to an ecosystem and causes harm. Sometimes non-native species are imported by accident, like in the 1930s when ships from South America inadvertently took fire ants to North America. Other times non-native species are imported deliberately. Some types of Asian fish that were originally imported to the U.S. from China to clean fish farms escaped and entered rivers. Green iguanas were brought to China, as pets, but irresponsible owners released them.
Non-native species have even been imported for emotional reasons. A man once released dozens of European starlings (八哥) in New York in an effort to bring all the birds mentioned in Shakespeare’s writings to America. Today, millions of starlings cause over $800 million in damage to U.S. agriculture every year. Invasive species’ global economic influence is also enormous. The U.S. government assesses that invasive species cost the American economy over $120 billion every year.
Invasive species can damage their host habitats by unbalancing local ecosystems. They often lack natural enemies in their new environment and out-compete native species for food and other resources. They also might feed on local species. Invasive species can also carry diseases for which local species have no immunity (免疫力). This can result in the loss of an entire native species.
Invasive species are among the leading threats to native wildlife. About 42% of threatened or endangered species are at risk due to invasive species. Unless people take serious action, the economic and environmental costs of invasive species will become disastrous.
32. What does the underlined word “inadvertently” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Separately. B. Regularly.
C. Temporarily. D. Unexpectedly.
33. Why did the man bring starlings to America?
A. To satisfy his wish.
B. To raise them as pets.
C. To copy Shakespeare’s behavior.
D. To do agricultural experiments.
34. What consequence do invasive species bring?
A. Food shortage for native people.
B. Serious economic imbalance.
C. Economic and environmental problems.
D. Dangerous diseases for humans.
35. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Wildlife Conservation
B. Protecting Native Species
C. Environmental Protection Measures
D. Our Unwelcome Guests
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了入侵物种的侵入方式、危害以及可能造成的后果，并说明了避免入侵物种危害的必要性。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句中的“Sometimes non-native species are imported by accident, like...”可知，有时，外来物种是被意外带入的。由此可推知，画线词所在句举例说明来自南美的轮船偶然将火蚁带到了北美。因此，inadvertently应意为“偶然，不经意”，与D项意思相近。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“Non-native species have even been imported for emotional reasons. A man once released dozens of European starlings in New York in an effort to bring all the birds mentioned in Shakespeare’s writings to America.”（外来物种甚至因为情感原因而被带到国内。曾经有一个人在纽约放走了几十只欧洲八哥，试图把莎士比亚作品中提到的所有鸟类都带到美国）可知，这名男子将八哥带进美国是为了满足自己的愿望。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三至五段内容尤其是第五段最后一句“Unless people take serious action, the economic and environmental costs of invasive species will become disastrous.”（如果人们不采取严格的措施，入侵物种会带来灾难性的经济损失以及环境问题。）可知，入侵物种会带来经济和环境问题。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了入侵物种的侵入方式、危害以及可能造成的后果，并说明了避免入侵物种危害的必要性。所以短文的最佳标题为“不受欢迎的客人”。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you find yourself taking a nap (打盹) at your desk, even after what you thought was a good night’s rest? Then you probably have the same question as so many others: How much do I need to sleep? ____36____. This is put forward by Dr. Raj Dasgupta, an assistant professor at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California. However, here are a few ways to improve your sleep.
Stick to a bedtime routine. ____37____. You can even keep a journal to note down these sleep times and how often you wake up at night, said Dasgupta. By doing this you can have an idea of what works for you. Besides, you should also make sure your room is dark, cool and comfortable when you go to sleep.
Turn off the electronic devices. Do this as early as possible before bed. ____38____. “Particularly if you are aiming to fall asleep earlier, it’s important to expose yourself to bright natural light as early as possible in the day, and to limit exposure to light in the hours before bedtime,” she said. “Electronic devices mimic (模仿) many of the wavelengths in sunlight that cue your body to stay awake.”
____39____. Dasgupta’s recent study showed that focusing attention training could also help children sleep over an hour more per night. They can take breathing exercises and yoga, for example.
Set good food and exercise habits. Finally, eating healthily and keeping a daily fitness routine can support better sleep at night. “____40____,” he said. “Exercise relieves stress. It also helps build up your drive to sleep at night.”
A. Try focusing attention techniques
B. The answer is not so straightforward
C. Seek to get training of some relaxing exercises
D. You should be consistent with exercise during the day
E. Light exposure can affect your body’s sleep-wake cycle
F. There will be a new electronic device on the market soon
G. It is great to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条关于如何提高睡眠质量的建议。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Then you probably have the same question as so many others: How much do I need to sleep?(那么你可能和其他很多人都有同样的问题：我需要睡多少)”可知，B项“The answer is not so straightforward(这个答案并不是那么简单)”紧承上文，针对上文提出的问题作出了一个回答，符合语境。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据该空前“Stick to a bedtime routine.(保持规律的就寝时间)”和该空后“You can even keep a journal to note down these sleep times and how often you wake up at night, said Dasgupta.(斯古普塔说，你甚至可以写日记，记下这些睡眠时间和你晚上醒来的频率)”可知，此处主要强调规律作息的重要性，因此，G项“It is great to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day(每天在同一时间上床睡觉和起床是很棒的)”切题，该选项承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据下文““Particularly if you are aiming to fall asleep earlier, it’s important to expose yourself to bright natural light as early as possible in the day, and to limit exposure to light in the hours before bedtime,” she said..(她说：“特别是如果你想早点入睡，那么在白天尽早将自己暴露在明亮的自然光下，并在睡前几个小时限制暴露在光线下是很重要的。”)”可知，此处主要强调光线对睡眠的影响，因此，E项“Light exposure can affect your body’s sleep—wake cycle (光照会影响你身体的睡眠——觉醒周期)”切题，且该选项中的“light”与下文中的“light”相呼应。故选E项。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Dasgupta’s recent study showed that focusing attention training could also help children sleep over an hour more per night. They can take breathing exercises and yoga, for example. (达斯古塔最近的研究表明，集中注意力训练也可以帮助儿童每晚多睡一个小时。例如，他们可以做呼吸练习和瑜伽)”可知，本段主要阐述集中注意力的技巧，因此，A项“Try focusing attention techniques.(尝试集中注意力的技巧)”切题，且该选项中的“attention”与下文中的“attention”相呼应。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“Set good food and exercise habits. Finally, eating healthily and keeping a daily fitness routine can support better sleep at night(养成良好的饮食和锻炼习惯。最后，健康饮食和保持日常健身习惯可以帮助你在晚上睡得更好)”和下文“Exercise relieves stress. It also helps build up your drive to sleep at night(锻炼可以缓解压力。它也有助于增强你晚上睡觉的动力)”可知，此处强调锻炼对身体的重要性，D项“You should be consistent with exercise during the day(你应该在白天坚持锻炼)”承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, my mother experienced a surgery. It was conducted to ____41____ a valve (心脏瓣膜) in her heart, which couldn’t function well. During the first couple of days, my dad was telling me on the phone how wonderful the nurses were in the ICU and how they ____42____ my mom. They did everything needed to make sure she was ____43____ at all times.
I told him it would be great if we could think of a(n) ____44____ way to show our thanks. In the whole process of ____45____ a major surgery, the nurses are often the people who get ____46____ the most and aren’t thanked enough for the care they give to each patient. My dad had a(n) ____47____ that we could bring along some chocolates for them. But I said it was too common.
When finally I arrived at the hospital, I had the ____48____ to meet these kind people, who my dad had told me had spent almost 36 hours caring for my mom ____49____ over the past 3 days! I came up with a good idea and I think they really ____50____ it.
When my mom recovered well and was ____51____ to leave the hospital, we handed them the silk banner (锦旗) I had been making for 2 days. They were all shocked and thanked us. But I said it was we that should ____52____ the wonderful care they provided to my mom.
Nurses really are the true ____53____ of the process of recovery. It was so nice that this ____54____ presented us with a unique chance to thank them directly for their ____55____ to others.
41. A. repair B. add C. remove D. shut
42. A. met with B. operated on C. looked into D. tended to
43. A. active B. pleased C. comfortable D. strong
44. A. efficient B. extra C. special D. exact
45. A. appointing B. performing C. organizing D. approving
46. A. ignored B. exhausted C. recognized D. prepared
47. A. doubt B. decision C. agreement D. idea
48. A. attempt B. chance C. courage D. luck
49. A. considerately B. frequently C. occasionally D. individually
50. A. make B. enjoy C. need D. deserve
51. A. ordered B. permitted C. convinced D. delayed
52. A. witness B. share C. appreciate D. understand
53. A. monitors B. heroes C. providers D. experts
54. A. result B. reality C. difficulty D. situation
55. A. service B. sacrifice C. guidance D. promise
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的母亲做了手术后，护士们无微不至地照顾她，因此作者想到了一个好办法来向护士们表达感激之情的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：做手术为了修复妈妈的心脏瓣膜，母亲的心脏瓣膜的运作功能不佳。A. repair修理；B. add添加；C. remove删；D. shut关闭。根据下文“which couldn’t function well.(母亲的心脏瓣膜的运作功能不佳)”可知，心脏瓣膜的运作功能不佳，所以需要修复手术，故选A。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，爸爸在电话里告诉我，重症监护室的护士们是多么棒，他们是如何照顾我妈妈的。A. met with会见；B. operated on手术；C. looked into调查；D. tended to照顾。根据上文“how wonderful the nurses were in the ICU(重症监护室的护士们是多么棒)”可知ICU的护士尽职尽责照顾母亲，故选D。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们想尽一切办法确保她在任何时候都感到舒适。A. active活跃的；B. pleased高兴的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. strong强壮的。根据上文“They did everything needed(她们事无巨细的做事)”可知，手术后病人会难受，因此护士们事无巨细，为的是使手术后的母亲能舒服一些。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，如果我们能想出一种特别的方式来表达我们的感谢，那就太好了。A. efficient有效的；B. extra额外的；C. special特别的；D. exact精确的。根据下文“But I said it was too common.(但是我说这个方法太普通了)”可知，作者希望找到特别的方式感谢护士。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在实施大手术的整个过程中，护士往往是最容易被忽视的人，他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢。A. appointing任命；B. performing做手术；C. organizing组织；D. approving批准。根据上文“my mother experienced a surgery(我的妈妈经历了一场手术)”可知，在手术过程中，护士一直照顾母亲。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在实施大手术的整个过程中，护士往往是最容易被忽视的人，他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢。A. ignored忽略；B. exhausted精疲力竭；C. recognized认可；D. prepared准备。根据下文“and aren’t thanked enough for the care they give to each patient.(他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢)”可知，护士的付出没有得到足够的认可，往往被人忽视，故选A。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸有个主意，我们可以带些巧克力给他们。A. doubt怀疑；B. decision决定；C. agreement协议；D. idea主意。根据“we could bring along some chocolates for them.(我们可以给他们买一些巧克力)”可知，这是父亲提出的想法建议。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我终于到达医院时，我有机会见到这些善良的人，我爸爸告诉我，他们在过去3天里花了近36个小时体贴地照顾我妈妈。A. attempt尝试；B. chance机会；C. courage勇气；D. luck运气。根据上文“my dad was telling me on the phone how wonderful the nurses were in the ICU(在最初的几天里，爸爸在电话里告诉我，重症监护室的护士们是多么棒)”可知，我在电话里与父亲沟通，一直没到医院，因此这里是作者有机会见到这些护士。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我终于到达医院时，我有机会见到这些善良的人，我爸爸告诉我，他们在过去3天里花了近36个小时体贴地照顾我妈妈。A. considerately体贴地；B. frequently频繁地；C. occasionally时不时地；D. individually单独地。根据“who my dad had told me had spent almost 36 hours caring for my mom(爸爸告诉我，这些护士花了将近36小时体贴的照顾妈妈)”可知，这里是指护士对妈妈的照顾很体贴，无微不至。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想到了一个好主意，我认为他们理应得到感谢。A. make制作；B. enjoy享受；C. need需要；D. deserve应得。根据“who my dad had told me had spent almost 36 hours caring for my mom(爸爸告诉我，这些护士花了将近36小时体贴的照顾妈妈)”可知，我得知护士尽职尽责的照顾妈妈，因此理应得到我们特殊的感谢。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈恢复得很好，被允许出院，这时我们把做了2天的锦旗交给了他们。A. ordered命令；B. permitted允许；C. convinced说服；D. delayed延迟。根据上文“hen my mom recovered well(妈妈恢复的很好)”可知，妈妈手术后恢复了，因此是被允许出院。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都很震惊，并感谢我们。但我说，我们应该感谢他们对我妈妈的照顾。A. witness见证；B. share分享；C. appreciate感激；D. understand理解。根据上文“I told him it would be great if we could think of a(n) ___4___ way to show our thanks.( 我告诉他，如果我们能想出一种特别的方式来表达我们的感谢，那就太好了)”可知，对于护士对妈妈无微不至的照顾，我想要感谢他们。因此这里指我要感谢护士们的照料。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。护士是康复过程中真正英雄。这种情况给了我们一个独特的机会，可以直接感谢他们对病人的照料服务，真是太好了。A. monitors班长；B. heroes英雄；C. providers提供者；D. experts专家。根据上文“the nurses are often the people who get ____6___ the most and aren’t thanked enough for the care they give to each patient. (护士往往是最容易被忽视的人，他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢)”可知，护士的付出往往会被忽视，因此他们是真正的无名英雄。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：护士是康复过程中真正英雄。这种情况给了我们一个独特的机会，可以直接感谢他们对病人的照料服务，真是太好了。A. result结果；B. reality现实；C. difficulty困难；D. situation情境，情况。根据上文“the nurses are often the people who get ____6___ the most and aren’t thanked enough for the care they give to each patient. (护士往往是最容易被忽视的人，他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢)”可知，护士的付出常常被人忽视，因此这种情况下，我能有机会正式感谢他们。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：护士是康复过程中真正英雄。 这种情况给了我们一个独特的机会，可以直接感谢他们对病人的照料服务，真是太好了。A. service服务；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. guidance指导；D. promise许诺。根据上文“who my dad had told me had spent almost 36 hours caring for my mom(他们在过去3天里花了近36个小时体贴地照顾我妈妈)”可知，护士一直在为妈妈提供照料服务。因此这里是感谢他们对妈妈的照料服务。故选A。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rising sea levels are threatening coastlines in China, for example in ____56____ (city) such as Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou. If sea levels rise by one meter, more than 92,000 square kilometers of China’s coast could be flooded. This could potentially force 67 million people ____57____ (move) away. Almost two-thirds of the ice in Asia’s glaciers (冰川) could disappear if average global temperature rises beyond 1.5℃ by the end of the century. If that happens, the impacts ____58____ China will be felt in multiple areas, from water availability, to agriculture, and to biodiversity.
The good news is ____59____ China is becoming a global leader on climate action. For example, over the last five years, China ____60____ (use) more solar and wind energy than any other country in the world. China is also the largest clean energy investor in the world — ____61____ (spend) some $130 billion in new energy in recent years.
The development of electric vehicles is particularly ____62____ (inspire) in China. More than 50 percent of electric vehicles in the world ____63____ (sell) in China every year. And China is now a world leader in the ____64____ (promote) of clean energy technologies.
Ecological civilization has become the cornerstone (基石) of China’s long-term development strategy, much like climate action is _____65_____ important part of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
【答案】56. cities
57. to move
58. on##upon
59. that 60. has used##has been using
61. spending##having spent
62. inspiring
63. are sold
64. promotion
65. an
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国面临的因气候变暖而导致的海平面上升等问题以及中国为缓解这些问题在清洁能源利用方面实施的举措。
【56题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：海平面上升威胁着中国的海岸线，例如在城市如上海，天津和广州。city为可数名词，根据“such as Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填cities。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：这可能迫使6700万人搬走。force sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“迫使某人做某事”。故填to move。
【58题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：如果发生这种情况，中国将在多个领域受到影响，从水资源供应，到农业，再到生物多样性。the impact on/upon...为固定搭配，意为“对……的影响”。故填on/upon。
【59题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：好消息是中国正在成为全球气候行动的领导者。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，上下文意思连贯，应用that引导该从句。故填that。
【60题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：例如，在过去的五年中，中国使用的太阳能和风能比世界上任何一个国家都要多。根据时间状语“over the last five years”可知，此处可用现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，也可用现在完成进行时强调过程和可持续性；且主语为“China”，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has used/has been using。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国也是世界上最大的清洁能源投资国——近年来在新能源方面的投资约为1300亿美元。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词为is，此处应用非谓语动词。主语“China”与动词spend之间为主谓关系，此处应用其现在分词形式作状语。此处也可用having spent表示动作已完成。故填spending/having spent。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国电动汽车的发展尤其鼓舞人心。此处作表语，且主语为“The development of electric vehicles”，指物，因此此处应用形容词inspiring，意为“鼓舞人心的”。故填inspiring。
【63题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：世界上超过50% 的电动汽车每年在中国销售。此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，主语“More than 50 percent of electric vehicles”与动词sell之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语“electric vehicles”为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are sold。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国目前在推广清洁能源技术方面处于世界领先地位。根据“the”和“of”可知，此处应用promote的名词形式作宾语。故填promotion。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：生态文明已经成为中国长期发展战略的基石，就像气候行动是17个可持续发展目标的重要组成部分一样。此处泛指“一个重要的部分”；且important是以元音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词an。故填an。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 假定你是育才中学的学生会主席李华。学校计划在下周五上午9点在报告厅举行关于英国餐桌礼仪的讲座。外教Richard即将结束探亲并于下周一返回中国。请你用英文写一封邮件，邀请他做主讲人，并告知相关情况。内容包括：
1. 提出邀请；
2. 告知讲座的内容、时间及地点；
3. 表达关心与期待。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：报告厅lecture hall 餐桌礼仪table manners
Dear Richard,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文：
Dear Richard,
I am Li Hua, president of the Students’ Union of Yucai Middle School. I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on British table manners, which will be held at the school lecture hall at 9 a.m. next Friday and it is supposed to last for about one hour.
I know you are enjoying your stay with your family now. Please give them my best regards. With the date of coming back to China approaching, I hope everything goes well for you. Besides, if you have any questions about the talk, please don’t hesitate to write back to me in time.
I wish you a happy journey back and look forward to your excellent talk.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】假定考生是育才中学的学生会主席李华。学校计划在下周五上午9点在报告厅举行关于英国餐桌礼仪的讲座。外教Richard即将结束探亲并于下周一返回中国。请你用英文写一封邮件，邀请他做主讲人，并告知相关情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
作演讲：give a lecture→ give a speech
举办：hold→throw
快乐的： happy→ pleased
接近：approach→ around the corner
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：With the date of coming back to China approaching, I hope everything goes well for you.
拓展句：As the date of coming back to China approaches, I hope everything goes well for you.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on British table manners, which will be held at the school lecture hall at 9 a.m. next Friday and it is supposed to last for about one hour.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
Besides, if you have any questions about the talk, please don’t hesitate to write back to me in time.（if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节 （满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We all go through ups and downs in life. But family love will open another door and help us achieve our dreams.
My daughter, Bekah, called me from soccer practice. “Mom, I think I did it again!” she said, crying. “My knee snapped (断裂) just like last time, and I fell on the field. This can’t be happening!”
Bekah was a senior in high school. Her dream was to play soccer in college. She had suffered a severe knee injury one year earlier and battled back from surgery. Her doctors had called her a model patient and declared her ready to play. Getting back on the field had been a gift during the pandemic as teens everywhere struggled with loneliness and the loss of routines.
Bekah was right. How could this be happening?
“I’m coming as fast as I can,” I said. “Don’t fear the worst.” My words were as much for me as they were for my daughter. Bekah’s injury had been a huge parenting challenge for my husband, her brother Cory, and me.
Bekah’s recovery had been a blessing. She had recovered faster and stronger than doctors predicted. Looking forward to the possibility of playing in the fall had kept her going through the early months of COVID lockdown.
Bekah was distraught (心烦意乱的) when I got to the field. “I just know I reinjured it,” she said. “It hurts so bad! I’ll be out the whole season. I won’t make a college team. Mom, it’s over!” I want to say some comforting words, but Bekah just stared straight ahead with desperate expression.
The doctor didn’t sound encouraging about a return to soccer but there was still a slim chance. She disappeared into her bedroom as soon as we returned home. All the comfort from my husband and I was greeted with silence. She holed up in her room and became low in spirits. She even stopped singing, something she’d always done when absorbed in something she loved. I felt helpless.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Since she was often more open with Cory, over the following months, Cory accompanied her through the hard times.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the graduation ceremony, I watched proudly as Bekah marched to the stage and began her speech.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Paragraph 1:
Since she was often more open with Cory, over the following months, Cory accompanied her through the hard times. The recovery process was awful at first, but with Cory’s encouragement, Bekah started walking with sticks, then gradually walked on her own, and she even took up running in the afternoons. To our relief, her doctor finally pronounced her recovery. And she was then busy with college applications. I even heard she was singing cheerful tunes to herself! A sense of hope welled up inside me. As the end of her senior year approached, Bekah was named speaker for her class.
Paragraph 2:
On the graduation ceremony, I watched proudly as Bekah marched to the stage and began her speech. “It has been a tough but memorable year for me. What I learned was to be so incredibly grateful for the love and devotion from my family.” Those moments flashed through my mind, and I tried to keep my cool but in vain, happy tears streaming down my cheeks uncontrollably. Upon finishing the talk, Bekah ran towards me. I gave her a huge hug. The audience exploded into loud applause. My daughter truly was healed. And so was I.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者的女儿Bekah的梦想是在大学里踢足球，一次足球训练时，她像一年前那样再次受伤。这次受伤后，她十分绝望，也不愿意像以前那样唱歌了。在她康复期间，是兄弟Cory陪伴她，鼓励她，最终她逐渐恢复，也重新开始唱歌。作者又重新有了希望。在高中即将结束时，Bekah被邀请进行演讲，作者十分感动。在演讲结束后，Bekah向作者跑去，作者和她都被治愈了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“由于她经常对科里更开放，在接下来的几个月里，科里陪她度过了艰难的时期。”可知，第一段可描写Cory陪伴Bekah度过艰难的恢复时期和她收到毕业演讲邀请。
②由第二段首句内容“在毕业典礼上，我骄傲地看着贝卡走向讲台开始演讲。”可知，第二段可描写Bekah在毕业典礼上所作的演讲和作者的感受及观众的反应。
2.续写线索：恢复过程——宣布康复——作者重燃希望——邀请女儿演讲——进行演讲——作者感动——女儿痊愈
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.宣告：pronounce/announce/claim
②.忙于做某事：be busy with→be occupied with
③.尝试：try to do/attempt to do
④.即将来临：approach→draw near
情绪类
①.感激：be grateful/show gratitude/appreciate
②.保持冷静：keep one’s cool/chill out/calm down
【点睛】[高分句型1].As the end of her senior year approached, Bekah was named speaker for her class.（由As引导的状语从句）
[高分句型2].What I learned was to be so incredibly grateful for the love and devotion from my family.（由What引导的主语从句，不定式作表语）
2021-2022学年肥城市第一高级中学高一下学期英语期末试卷（新高考山东版）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
听力部分
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who went to the cinema yesterday afternoon?
A. Tom. B. Peter. C. Jerry.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Where were you boys yesterday afternoon? I couldn’t find any of you when I came back home.
M: Mom, Tom and I went to Jerry’s house and Peter went to the cinema with his friend Iran.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the woman happy with?
A. A job offer. B. A new house. C. An IBM computer.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: You look happy today.
W: I got the offer from IBM yesterday Now I have to rent a new house. The company is far from my apartment.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. What food to buy for this week.
B. Whose turn to do the shopping.
C. Where to buy some bread.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Shouldn’t someone go to the supermarket to buy some bread?
M: Don’t look at me. You should do the shopping this week.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman imply about the man?
A. He is always late for class.
B. He works hard every minute.
C. He should prepare for the exam early.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m exhausted. I stayed up the whole night studying for my midterm math exam.
W: But why do you always wait until the last minute?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers?
A. In a taxi. B. In an office. C. At home.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Listen to the news! Rush hour is very bad this morning. I’m going to call Trish and tell her I’ll work at home this morning.
W: Er, maybe it’s a better choice.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What was the man’s mother unhappy with?
A. The old pictures. B. The e-invitations. C. The tickets to Texas.
7. What does the woman remind the man to do?
A. Book the plane tickets. B. Check the booking. C. Save some money.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey! Ask your mom for more old pictures, OK?
M: Can’t it wait? She’s still angry that we sent e-mail wedding invitations
W: But we saved your parents so much money.
M: I know. And they’re spending enough on the plane tickets to Texas!
W: Speaking of plane tickets, don’t forget to check on the reservations!
M: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is Tom doing now?
A. Doing his homework. B. Preparing for an exam. C. Reading a newspaper.
9. Who went to a party?
A. Ella. B. Tom. C. Jimmy.
【答案】8. A 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Fanny. Could you play with me for a while?
W: Oh, sorry, Jimmy. I’m busy preparing for an examination now. Why not go to play with Tom?
M: He is doing his homework right now.
W: How about your dad? Is he busy, too?
M: Yes, as usual.
W: Then how about your grandpa? You can ask him to tell you a story.
M: But he is reading a newspaper now.
W: How about Ella then?
M: She is not back yet. She went out with her friends this early morning.
W: Right. But what a long party! Okay, I will play with you for a while.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What did the man do last night?
A. He had his phone fixed.
B. He worked in a company.
C. He went out for dinner.
11. Why did the woman call the man?
A. To play computer games with him.
B. To tell him the homework.
C. To ask him for help.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Contact Jane. B. Ask Henry for advice. C. Call the man’s assistant.
【答案】10. C 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Lewis. I called you last night but there was no answer.
M: Sorry. I went out for dinner and left my cellphone at home. What’s up, Lisa?
W: Well, something has been wrong with my computer for three days. Henry told me that you were good at it, so I want to see if you could help me.
M: Ha, I just like playing computer games and I don’t think I can handle any technical problems.
W: What should I do? I have a lot of homework to do this week.
M: Why don’t you ask Jane? She works in a computer company as an assistant. Maybe her colleagues could offer you some help.
W: Thank you. I’ll call her.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Where is the new branch office?
A. In Spain. B. In France. C. In Germany.
14. What do we know about Mr. Smith?
A. He doesn’t have kids.
B. He is good at languages.
C. He has much experience.
15. When did Jeff come to the company?
A. Five years ago. B. Three years ago. C. One year ago.
16. What does the man ask the woman to do this afternoon?
A. Give Jeff a call.
B. Have a chat with Betty.
C. Join the talk with Jeff.
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: The boss wants a decision this week on whom we plan to send to run the new branch office in Spain.
M: Well, let’s have a look at them again. I still think Betty is the best choice. She’s the only one that can speak Spanish.
W: True, but she’s only been with us for a year...
M: Well, Mr. Smith has been with us for five years, but he can’t move overseas very easily. He has two children in school here.
W: Hmm, I see your point. Well, that leaves Jeff. He can’t speak Spanish, but he’s good at languages so he can learn. He already speaks French and German very well. He isn’t married and he doesn’t have kids.
M: So he can move. He has three years’ experience with us. That’s good.
W: So Jeff it is, then. How soon can he move?
M: I don’t know. I’ll give him a call and ask him to come and have a chat this afternoon. Can you come here, too? Say 2 o’clock?
W: Yeah. See you then.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. A library. B. An online service. C. A new organization.
18. What can’t people do on the website?
A. Buy books. B. Read books for free. C. Put their books on it.
19. How can members get information about the books?
A. By sending an e-mail. B. By making a phone call. C. By checking an online list.
20. What color stands for books put in the last 3 days?
A. Red. B. Yellow. C. Blue.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Have you ever wanted to read a book but you can’t get it? Have you wanted to share any excellent books with others around the world?A website called “bookcrossing.com” can help you with that. This is a book sharing website for readers for free around the world. It is just like an online library. Users can put their books on the website for others to read. Or they can read books which are offered by others.Sometimes books are put into some public places like coffee shops, restaurants and stations. Members can view a list on the website. If a member wants a book of the list, he can go there to get the book and read it. On the website, the yellow numbers can show how many books were put in the last 30 days. If the number is red, it shows how many books were put at the place in the last 3 days.
笔试部分
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you want to bring your cat along on a weekend break somewhere in the UK, where are the best places to go?
The Redcoats Farmhouse Hotel, Hitchin
The Redcoats Farmhouse Hotel offers home-cooked food and comfortable bedrooms. The historic country house is set in four acres of gardens, with scenic views across Hertfordshire’s countryside. Small pets are allowed, but make sure they are well-behaved. And they are not allowed on the beds. If they cause any extra damage or mess, like mud, then there will be an extra charge.
The Tiggers Cottage, Berkshire
The Tiggers is a beautiful, 180-year-old, black and white Tudor cottage located within a moment’s walk of pretty Bray High Street with lovely views over the gardens. Your cat will love the coal fireplace and the owner’s two pet dogs, Sambuca and Truffle, are always on hand to join you for a walk if your cat would rather enjoy the enclosed garden.
The Jack Russel Inn, Andover
The Jack Russell Inn welcomes all forms of four-legged friends. With natural beauty and wildlife in the surrounding areas, this lovely place also offers local food that celebrates great British produce. Not to mention the warm underfloor heating you and your cat will want to rest on.
The Roast Ox Inn, Wales
Located in Painscastle, Wales, this cat-friendly Inn offers wonderful sights of natural beauty, from rivers, forests and mountains, to nearby market towns. The hotel offers bedrooms with super-king sized beds, and a cat Michael, the owner’s pet, who is always on hand to welcome guests.
Click here to book a stay.
21. What do The Tiggers Cottage and The Roast Ox Inn have in common?
A. They both have a long history.
B. The large bedrooms are provided.
C. They are both near the market towns.
D. The owners’ pets are friendly to guests.
22. Which place offers a good heating system?
A. The Roast Ox Inn. B. The Tiggers Cottage.
C The Jack Russel Inn. D. The Redcoats Farmhouse Hotel.
23. Where can readers find this text?
A. From a local magazine. B. From a travel book.
C. From a newspaper. D. From a webpage.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在英国周末休息时可以带猫去的四个好去处。
21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Your cat will love the coal fireplace and the owner’s two pet dogs, Sambuca and Truffle, are always on hand to join you for a walk if your cat would rather enjoy the enclosed garden.(你的猫会喜欢煤壁炉，如果你的猫更喜欢封闭的花园，主人的两只宠物狗Sambuca和Truffle会随时陪你散步)”以及倒数第二段“The hotel offers bedrooms with super-king sized beds, and a cat Michael, the owner’s pet, who is always on hand to welcome guests.(酒店提供有特大号床的卧室，还有一只主人的宠物猫迈克尔，它总是随时欢迎客人)”可知，The Tiggers Cottage店主的两只宠物狗Sambuca和Truffle随时都会陪你散步；The Roast Ox Inn店主的宠物猫Michael总是随时欢迎客人的到来，由此可知，这两家店的共同之处是店主的宠物对客人们都很友好。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Not to mention the warm underfloor heating you and your cat will want to rest on.(更不用说你和你的猫想要在上面休息的温暖的地暖了)” 可知，在The Jack Russel Inn，你和你的猫会想要躺在温暖的地板上休息，即The Jack Russel Inn的供暖系统很好。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Click here to book a stay.(单击此处预订住宿)”可知，读者可以点击网页预定住宿，所以读者会在网页上看到这篇文章。故选D项。
B
Jessica Long, from Baltimore, Maryland, USA is a champion by all definitions of the word. She is one of the world’s most decorated swimmers. Jessica was the youngest athlete to win a Paralympics (残奥会) medal. But her path to becoming a champion has been anything but easy.
Jessica was born in Irkutsk, Russia with a severe and rare disease — fibular hemimelia (腓侧半肢畸形). This means that part of her leg bones was missing or abnormal. Because of that, her young mother placed her in a Russian orphanage (孤儿院), fearing she could not care for Jessica.
Fortunately, she was adopted by an American family when she was 13 months old. She required 25 different surgeries to help her leg condition. But unfortunately, both of her legs had to be removed when she was just 18 months old. Jessica learned to walk with artificial legs. As a child, she took to sports including gymnastics, cheerleading, ice skating, biking and rock climbing.
She began swimming at her grandparents’ house when she was 6. She started competitive swimming about 4 years later. She did really well in swimming. Shortly after she started competing, Jessica was selected as Maryland’s Female Swimmer of the Year with a Disability. Even though Jessica was annoyed with her physical limitations, she was encouraged to enter her first Paralympic Games in Athens, Greece. She won three gold medals in swimming at 12! But she did not rest on her success.
Jessica has gone on to win 23 medals for Team USA at the Paralympics! While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! Her attitude and growth have been keys to her success. Jessica always believed she could do anything. As she says, “The only disability in life is a negative attitude.”
24. What happened to Jessica when she was a baby?
A. She was abandoned in the wild. B. She had 25 operations on her leg.
C. She had her legs cut because of a disease. D. She was adopted by a Russian family.
25. When did Jessica begin to receive professional swimming training?
A. At the age of 4. B. At the age of 6.
C. At the age of 10. D. At the age of 12.
26. What can we infer about Jessica from the text?
A. She was the youngest athlete in US history.
B. She has set a good example to Paralympians.
C. She has won 23 gold medals in Paralympics.
D. She took part in several sports in Paralympics.
27. What does the author want to tell us?
A. Difficult the first time, easy the second.
B. Never hit a man when he is down.
C. A common danger causes common action.
D. Nothing is impossible to a determined heart.
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了残疾女孩Jessica Long克服身体限制努力奋斗的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Jessica was born in Irkutsk, Russia with a severe and rare disease — fibular hemimelia (腓侧半肢畸形). (杰西卡出生于俄罗斯伊尔库茨克，患有一种严重而罕见的疾病——腓侧半肢畸形)”和第三段中的“But unfortunately, both of her legs had to be removed when she was just 18 months old. (但不幸的是，在她18个月大的时候，她的双腿都被切除了)”可知，在她18个月大的时候，Jessica的双腿因患病被截肢了。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She began swimming at her grandparents’ house when she was 6. She started competitive swimming about 4 years later. (她6岁时开始在祖父母家游泳。大约4年后，她开始了竞技游泳)”可知，竞技游泳需要接受专业游泳训练，Jessica是在10岁时开始接受专业游泳训练的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While she began her career out of anger and annoyance, she now has a positive force on a mission to inspire the next generation of Paralympians! (虽然她出于愤怒和烦恼开始了自己的职业生涯，但她现在在激励下一代残奥会运动员的使命上拥有了积极的力量！)”可知，Jessica的事迹鼓舞着一代又一代的残奥运动员们。由此可推知，Jessica是残奥运动员们的榜样。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Jessica Long尽管双腿被截肢，但她永不言弃，在残奥会中赢得了游泳金牌的故事。由此可推知，作者想通过本文告诉我们，世上无难事，只怕有心人（Nothing is impossible to a determined heart.）。故选D项。
C
The end of a semester can be a challenging time for students. Kids from elementary school through high school are already stressed after more than a year of C0VID-19 disrupted learning. Pressing through the last few weeks of a semester can be discouraging, especially for older students with demanding final projects and exams.
“Parents’ fears about their kids are so often not about the present but the future — a fear that kids who are struggling will get stuck there. But kids rarely stay stuck, in part because they too want their lives to work out,” says Ned Johnson, a test preparation expert. When children show signs of stress, parents should respond by focusing on mental health, not achievement or grades.
Families can create a sense of safety for children by establishing routines for the day and week, especially those that emphasize connection, such as family dinnertime and a bedtime chat. Parents should meet kids with empathy and listening, instead of trying to solve their problems. For example, we can normalize family conversation about the ups and downs of the day. As Madeline Levine, a psychologist, put it: let your children “borrow your calm”.
In addition, peer support programs can also play an important role in teaching skills for stress management and wellness. “Teens will talk to other teens, especially when they feel they are in a brave space built on trust,” Katie Hurley, a psychotherapist says.
Some children may arrive at the finish line exhausted and needing sleep. Or perhaps they are eager to celebrate the holidays with all the usual fanfare. Honor your child’s wishes and plan to create the break that fits your family’s needs. McKenna Reitz, a mom from Toledo, Ohio, plans for her daughters Karsen, 9, and Maddox, 6, to enjoy time off with family and friends. Her holiday plan apparently reflects that. “It is the most important thing they need right now,” she says. “Our children need to know that they are not alone.”
28. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. Children are struggling in study in the present situation.
B. Children’s focusing on grades makes them stay stuck in learning.
C. Parents stay stuck in making their children live to work out.
D. Parents’ fear about children getting stuck in study is unnecessary.
29. Why does the author mention Madeline Levine?
A. To ask parents to stay calm before their kids.
B. To show the necessity of talking to kids before tests.
C. To make parents let go of their kids during COVID-19.
D. To stress the importance of the help from the experts.
30. What does “that” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. Staying with kids in holidays. B. Respecting the needs of kids.
C. Helping kids celebrate holidays. D. Keeping exhausted kids happy.
31. What does the author want to show?
A. Parents should help kids to prepare their tests.
B. Parents should keep a closer eyes on kids study.
C. Parents should connect their kids more with nature.
D. Parents should let kids take a break from school stress.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了从小学到高中的孩子们已经感到压力很大，学期最后几周的压力可能会让人沮丧，尤其是对年纪较大的学生来说，他们的期末项目和考试要求很高，对此家长应该关注孩子的心理健康，而不是成绩。同时提出了一些给孩子减轻压力的方法。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““Parents’ fears about their kids are so often not about the present but the future — a fear that kids who are struggling will get stuck there. But kids rarely stay stuck, in part because they too want their lives to work out,” says Ned Johnson, a test preparation expert. When children show signs of stress, parents should respond by focusing on mental health, not achievement or grades.(“父母对孩子的担忧往往不是针对现在，而是针对未来——他们担心正在挣扎的孩子会陷入困境。但孩子们很少会停滞不前，部分原因是他们也希望自己的生活一帆风顺，”备考专家Ned Johnson说。当孩子表现出压力迹象时，父母应该关注心理健康，而不是成绩或分数)”可知，父母担心孩子陷入学习困境是没有必要的。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Families can create a sense of safety for children by establishing routines for the day and week, especially those that emphasize connection, such as family dinnertime and a bedtime chat. Parents should meet kids with empathy and listening, instead of trying to solve their problems. For example, we can normalize family conversation about the ups and downs of the day. As Madeline Levine, a psychologist, put it: let your children “borrow your calm”.(家庭可以通过建立日常和每周的惯例，尤其是那些强调联系的惯例，如家庭晚餐时间和睡前聊天，来为孩子创造一种安全感。父母应该以同情和倾听的态度对待孩子，而不是试图解决他们的问题。例如，我们可以让家人谈论一天的起起落落。正如心理学家Madeline Levine所说：让你的孩子“借用你的冷静”)”可推知，作者提到了Madeline Levine是为了让父母在孩子面前保持冷静。故选A。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Honor your child’s wishes and plan to create the break that fits your family’s needs. McKenna Reitz, a mom from Toledo, Ohio, plans for her daughters Karsen, 9, and Maddox, 6, to enjoy time off with family and friends.”可知，尊重你孩子的愿望，计划创造一个适合你家庭需要的休息时间。来自俄亥俄州托莱多的母亲麦肯纳·赖茨计划让9岁的卡尔森和6岁的马多克斯与家人和朋友一起享受假期，她的假期计划显然反映了尊重孩子的需要这一点。故that指的是“尊重孩子的需要”。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“When children show signs of stress, parents should respond by focusing on mental health, not achievement or grades.(当孩子表现出压力迹象时，父母应该关注心理健康，而不是成绩或分数)”结合文章主要说明了从小学到高中的孩子们已经感到压力很大，学期最后几周的压力可能会让人沮丧，尤其是对年纪较大的学生来说，他们的期末项目和考试要求很高，对此家长应该关注孩子的心理健康，而不是成绩。同时提出了一些给孩子减轻压力的方法。可推知，作者想表明父母应该让孩子从学校的压力中休息一下。故选D。
D
If you picnic in a Texas park, chances are you’ll encounter fire ants — a kind of pest that can deliver painful bites. This invasive (入侵的) species, like many others, is not only annoying but also destructive.
An invasive species is any kind of living thing that isn’t native to an ecosystem and causes harm. Sometimes non-native species are imported by accident, like in the 1930s when ships from South America inadvertently took fire ants to North America. Other times non-native species are imported deliberately. Some types of Asian fish that were originally imported to the U.S. from China to clean fish farms escaped and entered rivers. Green iguanas were brought to China, as pets, but irresponsible owners released them.
Non-native species have even been imported for emotional reasons. A man once released dozens of European starlings (八哥) in New York in an effort to bring all the birds mentioned in Shakespeare’s writings to America. Today, millions of starlings cause over $800 million in damage to U.S. agriculture every year. Invasive species’ global economic influence is also enormous. The U.S. government assesses that invasive species cost the American economy over $120 billion every year.
Invasive species can damage their host habitats by unbalancing local ecosystems. They often lack natural enemies in their new environment and out-compete native species for food and other resources. They also might feed on local species. Invasive species can also carry diseases for which local species have no immunity (免疫力). This can result in the loss of an entire native species.
Invasive species are among the leading threats to native wildlife. About 42% of threatened or endangered species are at risk due to invasive species. Unless people take serious action, the economic and environmental costs of invasive species will become disastrous.
32. What does the underlined word “inadvertently” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Separately. B. Regularly.
C. Temporarily. D. Unexpectedly.
33. Why did the man bring starlings to America?
A. To satisfy his wish.
B. To raise them as pets.
C. To copy Shakespeare’s behavior.
D. To do agricultural experiments.
34. What consequence do invasive species bring?
A. Food shortage for native people.
B. Serious economic imbalance.
C. Economic and environmental problems.
D. Dangerous diseases for humans.
35. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Wildlife Conservation
B. Protecting Native Species
C. Environmental Protection Measures
D. Our Unwelcome Guests
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了入侵物种的侵入方式、危害以及可能造成的后果，并说明了避免入侵物种危害的必要性。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句中的“Sometimes non-native species are imported by accident, like...”可知，有时，外来物种是被意外带入的。由此可推知，画线词所在句举例说明来自南美的轮船偶然将火蚁带到了北美。因此，inadvertently应意为“偶然，不经意”，与D项意思相近。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“Non-native species have even been imported for emotional reasons. A man once released dozens of European starlings in New York in an effort to bring all the birds mentioned in Shakespeare’s writings to America.”（外来物种甚至因为情感原因而被带到国内。曾经有一个人在纽约放走了几十只欧洲八哥，试图把莎士比亚作品中提到的所有鸟类都带到美国）可知，这名男子将八哥带进美国是为了满足自己的愿望。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三至五段内容尤其是第五段最后一句“Unless people take serious action, the economic and environmental costs of invasive species will become disastrous.”（如果人们不采取严格的措施，入侵物种会带来灾难性的经济损失以及环境问题。）可知，入侵物种会带来经济和环境问题。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了入侵物种的侵入方式、危害以及可能造成的后果，并说明了避免入侵物种危害的必要性。所以短文的最佳标题为“不受欢迎的客人”。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you find yourself taking a nap (打盹) at your desk, even after what you thought was a good night’s rest? Then you probably have the same question as so many others: How much do I need to sleep? ____36____. This is put forward by Dr. Raj Dasgupta, an assistant professor at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California. However, here are a few ways to improve your sleep.
Stick to a bedtime routine. ____37____. You can even keep a journal to note down these sleep times and how often you wake up at night, said Dasgupta. By doing this you can have an idea of what works for you. Besides, you should also make sure your room is dark, cool and comfortable when you go to sleep.
Turn off the electronic devices. Do this as early as possible before bed. ____38____. “Particularly if you are aiming to fall asleep earlier, it’s important to expose yourself to bright natural light as early as possible in the day, and to limit exposure to light in the hours before bedtime,” she said. “Electronic devices mimic (模仿) many of the wavelengths in sunlight that cue your body to stay awake.”
____39____. Dasgupta’s recent study showed that focusing attention training could also help children sleep over an hour more per night. They can take breathing exercises and yoga, for example.
Set good food and exercise habits. Finally, eating healthily and keeping a daily fitness routine can support better sleep at night. “____40____,” he said. “Exercise relieves stress. It also helps build up your drive to sleep at night.”
A. Try focusing attention techniques
B. The answer is not so straightforward
C. Seek to get training of some relaxing exercises
D. You should be consistent with exercise during the day
E. Light exposure can affect your body’s sleep-wake cycle
F. There will be a new electronic device on the market soon
G. It is great to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条关于如何提高睡眠质量的建议。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Then you probably have the same question as so many others: How much do I need to sleep?(那么你可能和其他很多人都有同样的问题：我需要睡多少)”可知，B项“The answer is not so straightforward(这个答案并不是那么简单)”紧承上文，针对上文提出的问题作出了一个回答，符合语境。故选B项。
【37题详解】
根据该空前“Stick to a bedtime routine.(保持规律的就寝时间)”和该空后“You can even keep a journal to note down these sleep times and how often you wake up at night, said Dasgupta.(斯古普塔说，你甚至可以写日记，记下这些睡眠时间和你晚上醒来的频率)”可知，此处主要强调规律作息的重要性，因此，G项“It is great to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day(每天在同一时间上床睡觉和起床是很棒的)”切题，该选项承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据下文““Particularly if you are aiming to fall asleep earlier, it’s important to expose yourself to bright natural light as early as possible in the day, and to limit exposure to light in the hours before bedtime,” she said..(她说：“特别是如果你想早点入睡，那么在白天尽早将自己暴露在明亮的自然光下，并在睡前几个小时限制暴露在光线下是很重要的。”)”可知，此处主要强调光线对睡眠的影响，因此，E项“Light exposure can affect your body’s sleep—wake cycle (光照会影响你身体的睡眠——觉醒周期)”切题，且该选项中的“light”与下文中的“light”相呼应。故选E项。
【39题详解】
根据下文“Dasgupta’s recent study showed that focusing attention training could also help children sleep over an hour more per night. They can take breathing exercises and yoga, for example. (达斯古塔最近的研究表明，集中注意力训练也可以帮助儿童每晚多睡一个小时。例如，他们可以做呼吸练习和瑜伽)”可知，本段主要阐述集中注意力的技巧，因此，A项“Try focusing attention techniques.(尝试集中注意力的技巧)”切题，且该选项中的“attention”与下文中的“attention”相呼应。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“Set good food and exercise habits. Finally, eating healthily and keeping a daily fitness routine can support better sleep at night(养成良好的饮食和锻炼习惯。最后，健康饮食和保持日常健身习惯可以帮助你在晚上睡得更好)”和下文“Exercise relieves stress. It also helps build up your drive to sleep at night(锻炼可以缓解压力。它也有助于增强你晚上睡觉的动力)”可知，此处强调锻炼对身体的重要性，D项“You should be consistent with exercise during the day(你应该在白天坚持锻炼)”承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, my mother experienced a surgery. It was conducted to ____41____ a valve (心脏瓣膜) in her heart, which couldn’t function well. During the first couple of days, my dad was telling me on the phone how wonderful the nurses were in the ICU and how they ____42____ my mom. They did everything needed to make sure she was ____43____ at all times.
I told him it would be great if we could think of a(n) ____44____ way to show our thanks. In the whole process of ____45____ a major surgery, the nurses are often the people who get ____46____ the most and aren’t thanked enough for the care they give to each patient. My dad had a(n) ____47____ that we could bring along some chocolates for them. But I said it was too common.
When finally I arrived at the hospital, I had the ____48____ to meet these kind people, who my dad had told me had spent almost 36 hours caring for my mom ____49____ over the past 3 days! I came up with a good idea and I think they really ____50____ it.
When my mom recovered well and was ____51____ to leave the hospital, we handed them the silk banner (锦旗) I had been making for 2 days. They were all shocked and thanked us. But I said it was we that should ____52____ the wonderful care they provided to my mom.
Nurses really are the true ____53____ of the process of recovery. It was so nice that this ____54____ presented us with a unique chance to thank them directly for their ____55____ to others.
41. A. repair B. add C. remove D. shut
42. A. met with B. operated on C. looked into D. tended to
43. A. active B. pleased C. comfortable D. strong
44. A. efficient B. extra C. special D. exact
45. A. appointing B. performing C. organizing D. approving
46. A. ignored B. exhausted C. recognized D. prepared
47. A. doubt B. decision C. agreement D. idea
48. A. attempt B. chance C. courage D. luck
49. A. considerately B. frequently C. occasionally D. individually
50. A. make B. enjoy C. need D. deserve
51. A. ordered B. permitted C. convinced D. delayed
52. A. witness B. share C. appreciate D. understand
53. A. monitors B. heroes C. providers D. experts
54. A. result B. reality C. difficulty D. situation
55. A. service B. sacrifice C. guidance D. promise
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的母亲做了手术后，护士们无微不至地照顾她，因此作者想到了一个好办法来向护士们表达感激之情的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：做手术为了修复妈妈的心脏瓣膜，母亲的心脏瓣膜的运作功能不佳。A. repair修理；B. add添加；C. remove删；D. shut关闭。根据下文“which couldn’t function well.(母亲的心脏瓣膜的运作功能不佳)”可知，心脏瓣膜的运作功能不佳，所以需要修复手术，故选A。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，爸爸在电话里告诉我，重症监护室的护士们是多么棒，他们是如何照顾我妈妈的。A. met with会见；B. operated on手术；C. looked into调查；D. tended to照顾。根据上文“how wonderful the nurses were in the ICU(重症监护室的护士们是多么棒)”可知ICU的护士尽职尽责照顾母亲，故选D。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们想尽一切办法确保她在任何时候都感到舒适。A. active活跃的；B. pleased高兴的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. strong强壮的。根据上文“They did everything needed(她们事无巨细的做事)”可知，手术后病人会难受，因此护士们事无巨细，为的是使手术后的母亲能舒服一些。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，如果我们能想出一种特别的方式来表达我们的感谢，那就太好了。A. efficient有效的；B. extra额外的；C. special特别的；D. exact精确的。根据下文“But I said it was too common.(但是我说这个方法太普通了)”可知，作者希望找到特别的方式感谢护士。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在实施大手术的整个过程中，护士往往是最容易被忽视的人，他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢。A. appointing任命；B. performing做手术；C. organizing组织；D. approving批准。根据上文“my mother experienced a surgery(我的妈妈经历了一场手术)”可知，在手术过程中，护士一直照顾母亲。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在实施大手术的整个过程中，护士往往是最容易被忽视的人，他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢。A. ignored忽略；B. exhausted精疲力竭；C. recognized认可；D. prepared准备。根据下文“and aren’t thanked enough for the care they give to each patient.(他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢)”可知，护士的付出没有得到足够的认可，往往被人忽视，故选A。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸有个主意，我们可以带些巧克力给他们。A. doubt怀疑；B. decision决定；C. agreement协议；D. idea主意。根据“we could bring along some chocolates for them.(我们可以给他们买一些巧克力)”可知，这是父亲提出的想法建议。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我终于到达医院时，我有机会见到这些善良的人，我爸爸告诉我，他们在过去3天里花了近36个小时体贴地照顾我妈妈。A. attempt尝试；B. chance机会；C. courage勇气；D. luck运气。根据上文“my dad was telling me on the phone how wonderful the nurses were in the ICU(在最初的几天里，爸爸在电话里告诉我，重症监护室的护士们是多么棒)”可知，我在电话里与父亲沟通，一直没到医院，因此这里是作者有机会见到这些护士。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我终于到达医院时，我有机会见到这些善良的人，我爸爸告诉我，他们在过去3天里花了近36个小时体贴地照顾我妈妈。A. considerately体贴地；B. frequently频繁地；C. occasionally时不时地；D. individually单独地。根据“who my dad had told me had spent almost 36 hours caring for my mom(爸爸告诉我，这些护士花了将近36小时体贴的照顾妈妈)”可知，这里是指护士对妈妈的照顾很体贴，无微不至。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想到了一个好主意，我认为他们理应得到感谢。A. make制作；B. enjoy享受；C. need需要；D. deserve应得。根据“who my dad had told me had spent almost 36 hours caring for my mom(爸爸告诉我，这些护士花了将近36小时体贴的照顾妈妈)”可知，我得知护士尽职尽责的照顾妈妈，因此理应得到我们特殊的感谢。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈恢复得很好，被允许出院，这时我们把做了2天的锦旗交给了他们。A. ordered命令；B. permitted允许；C. convinced说服；D. delayed延迟。根据上文“hen my mom recovered well(妈妈恢复的很好)”可知，妈妈手术后恢复了，因此是被允许出院。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都很震惊，并感谢我们。但我说，我们应该感谢他们对我妈妈的照顾。A. witness见证；B. share分享；C. appreciate感激；D. understand理解。根据上文“I told him it would be great if we could think of a(n) ___4___ way to show our thanks.( 我告诉他，如果我们能想出一种特别的方式来表达我们的感谢，那就太好了)”可知，对于护士对妈妈无微不至的照顾，我想要感谢他们。因此这里指我要感谢护士们的照料。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。护士是康复过程中真正英雄。这种情况给了我们一个独特的机会，可以直接感谢他们对病人的照料服务，真是太好了。A. monitors班长；B. heroes英雄；C. providers提供者；D. experts专家。根据上文“the nurses are often the people who get ____6___ the most and aren’t thanked enough for the care they give to each patient. (护士往往是最容易被忽视的人，他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢)”可知，护士的付出往往会被忽视，因此他们是真正的无名英雄。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：护士是康复过程中真正英雄。这种情况给了我们一个独特的机会，可以直接感谢他们对病人的照料服务，真是太好了。A. result结果；B. reality现实；C. difficulty困难；D. situation情境，情况。根据上文“the nurses are often the people who get ____6___ the most and aren’t thanked enough for the care they give to each patient. (护士往往是最容易被忽视的人，他们对每个病人的照顾没有得到足够的感谢)”可知，护士的付出常常被人忽视，因此这种情况下，我能有机会正式感谢他们。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：护士是康复过程中真正英雄。 这种情况给了我们一个独特的机会，可以直接感谢他们对病人的照料服务，真是太好了。A. service服务；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. guidance指导；D. promise许诺。根据上文“who my dad had told me had spent almost 36 hours caring for my mom(他们在过去3天里花了近36个小时体贴地照顾我妈妈)”可知，护士一直在为妈妈提供照料服务。因此这里是感谢他们对妈妈的照料服务。故选A。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rising sea levels are threatening coastlines in China, for example in ____56____ (city) such as Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou. If sea levels rise by one meter, more than 92,000 square kilometers of China’s coast could be flooded. This could potentially force 67 million people ____57____ (move) away. Almost two-thirds of the ice in Asia’s glaciers (冰川) could disappear if average global temperature rises beyond 1.5℃ by the end of the century. If that happens, the impacts ____58____ China will be felt in multiple areas, from water availability, to agriculture, and to biodiversity.
The good news is ____59____ China is becoming a global leader on climate action. For example, over the last five years, China ____60____ (use) more solar and wind energy than any other country in the world. China is also the largest clean energy investor in the world — ____61____ (spend) some $130 billion in new energy in recent years.
The development of electric vehicles is particularly ____62____ (inspire) in China. More than 50 percent of electric vehicles in the world ____63____ (sell) in China every year. And China is now a world leader in the ____64____ (promote) of clean energy technologies.
Ecological civilization has become the cornerstone (基石) of China’s long-term development strategy, much like climate action is _____65_____ important part of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
【答案】56. cities
57. to move
58. on##upon
59. that 60. has used##has been using
61. spending##having spent
62. inspiring
63. are sold
64. promotion
65. an
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国面临的因气候变暖而导致的海平面上升等问题以及中国为缓解这些问题在清洁能源利用方面实施的举措。
【56题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：海平面上升威胁着中国的海岸线，例如在城市如上海，天津和广州。city为可数名词，根据“such as Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填cities。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：这可能迫使6700万人搬走。force sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“迫使某人做某事”。故填to move。
【58题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：如果发生这种情况，中国将在多个领域受到影响，从水资源供应，到农业，再到生物多样性。the impact on/upon...为固定搭配，意为“对……的影响”。故填on/upon。
【59题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：好消息是中国正在成为全球气候行动的领导者。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，上下文意思连贯，应用that引导该从句。故填that。
【60题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：例如，在过去的五年中，中国使用的太阳能和风能比世界上任何一个国家都要多。根据时间状语“over the last five years”可知，此处可用现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，也可用现在完成进行时强调过程和可持续性；且主语为“China”，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has used/has been using。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国也是世界上最大的清洁能源投资国——近年来在新能源方面的投资约为1300亿美元。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词为is，此处应用非谓语动词。主语“China”与动词spend之间为主谓关系，此处应用其现在分词形式作状语。此处也可用having spent表示动作已完成。故填spending/having spent。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国电动汽车的发展尤其鼓舞人心。此处作表语，且主语为“The development of electric vehicles”，指物，因此此处应用形容词inspiring，意为“鼓舞人心的”。故填inspiring。
【63题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：世界上超过50% 的电动汽车每年在中国销售。此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，主语“More than 50 percent of electric vehicles”与动词sell之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语“electric vehicles”为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are sold。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国目前在推广清洁能源技术方面处于世界领先地位。根据“the”和“of”可知，此处应用promote的名词形式作宾语。故填promotion。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：生态文明已经成为中国长期发展战略的基石，就像气候行动是17个可持续发展目标的重要组成部分一样。此处泛指“一个重要的部分”；且important是以元音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词an。故填an。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 假定你是育才中学的学生会主席李华。学校计划在下周五上午9点在报告厅举行关于英国餐桌礼仪的讲座。外教Richard即将结束探亲并于下周一返回中国。请你用英文写一封邮件，邀请他做主讲人，并告知相关情况。内容包括：
1. 提出邀请；
2. 告知讲座的内容、时间及地点；
3. 表达关心与期待。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：报告厅lecture hall 餐桌礼仪table manners
Dear Richard,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】参考范文：
Dear Richard,
I am Li Hua, president of the Students’ Union of Yucai Middle School. I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on British table manners, which will be held at the school lecture hall at 9 a.m. next Friday and it is supposed to last for about one hour.
I know you are enjoying your stay with your family now. Please give them my best regards. With the date of coming back to China approaching, I hope everything goes well for you. Besides, if you have any questions about the talk, please don’t hesitate to write back to me in time.
I wish you a happy journey back and look forward to your excellent talk.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】假定考生是育才中学的学生会主席李华。学校计划在下周五上午9点在报告厅举行关于英国餐桌礼仪的讲座。外教Richard即将结束探亲并于下周一返回中国。请你用英文写一封邮件，邀请他做主讲人，并告知相关情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
作演讲：give a lecture→ give a speech
举办：hold→throw
快乐的： happy→ pleased
接近：approach→ around the corner
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：With the date of coming back to China approaching, I hope everything goes well for you.
拓展句：As the date of coming back to China approaches, I hope everything goes well for you.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on British table manners, which will be held at the school lecture hall at 9 a.m. next Friday and it is supposed to last for about one hour.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
Besides, if you have any questions about the talk, please don’t hesitate to write back to me in time.（if引导的条件状语从句）
第二节 （满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We all go through ups and downs in life. But family love will open another door and help us achieve our dreams.
My daughter, Bekah, called me from soccer practice. “Mom, I think I did it again!” she said, crying. “My knee snapped (断裂) just like last time, and I fell on the field. This can’t be happening!”
Bekah was a senior in high school. Her dream was to play soccer in college. She had suffered a severe knee injury one year earlier and battled back from surgery. Her doctors had called her a model patient and declared her ready to play. Getting back on the field had been a gift during the pandemic as teens everywhere struggled with loneliness and the loss of routines.
Bekah was right. How could this be happening?
“I’m coming as fast as I can,” I said. “Don’t fear the worst.” My words were as much for me as they were for my daughter. Bekah’s injury had been a huge parenting challenge for my husband, her brother Cory, and me.
Bekah’s recovery had been a blessing. She had recovered faster and stronger than doctors predicted. Looking forward to the possibility of playing in the fall had kept her going through the early months of COVID lockdown.
Bekah was distraught (心烦意乱的) when I got to the field. “I just know I reinjured it,” she said. “It hurts so bad! I’ll be out the whole season. I won’t make a college team. Mom, it’s over!” I want to say some comforting words, but Bekah just stared straight ahead with desperate expression.
The doctor didn’t sound encouraging about a return to soccer but there was still a slim chance. She disappeared into her bedroom as soon as we returned home. All the comfort from my husband and I was greeted with silence. She holed up in her room and became low in spirits. She even stopped singing, something she’d always done when absorbed in something she loved. I felt helpless.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Since she was often more open with Cory, over the following months, Cory accompanied her through the hard times.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On the graduation ceremony, I watched proudly as Bekah marched to the stage and began her speech.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Paragraph 1:
Since she was often more open with Cory, over the following months, Cory accompanied her through the hard times. The recovery process was awful at first, but with Cory’s encouragement, Bekah started walking with sticks, then gradually walked on her own, and she even took up running in the afternoons. To our relief, her doctor finally pronounced her recovery. And she was then busy with college applications. I even heard she was singing cheerful tunes to herself! A sense of hope welled up inside me. As the end of her senior year approached, Bekah was named speaker for her class.
Paragraph 2:
On the graduation ceremony, I watched proudly as Bekah marched to the stage and began her speech. “It has been a tough but memorable year for me. What I learned was to be so incredibly grateful for the love and devotion from my family.” Those moments flashed through my mind, and I tried to keep my cool but in vain, happy tears streaming down my cheeks uncontrollably. Upon finishing the talk, Bekah ran towards me. I gave her a huge hug. The audience exploded into loud applause. My daughter truly was healed. And so was I.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者的女儿Bekah的梦想是在大学里踢足球，一次足球训练时，她像一年前那样再次受伤。这次受伤后，她十分绝望，也不愿意像以前那样唱歌了。在她康复期间，是兄弟Cory陪伴她，鼓励她，最终她逐渐恢复，也重新开始唱歌。作者又重新有了希望。在高中即将结束时，Bekah被邀请进行演讲，作者十分感动。在演讲结束后，Bekah向作者跑去，作者和她都被治愈了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“由于她经常对科里更开放，在接下来的几个月里，科里陪她度过了艰难的时期。”可知，第一段可描写Cory陪伴Bekah度过艰难的恢复时期和她收到毕业演讲邀请。
②由第二段首句内容“在毕业典礼上，我骄傲地看着贝卡走向讲台开始演讲。”可知，第二段可描写Bekah在毕业典礼上所作的演讲和作者的感受及观众的反应。
2.续写线索：恢复过程——宣布康复——作者重燃希望——邀请女儿演讲——进行演讲——作者感动——女儿痊愈
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.宣告：pronounce/announce/claim
②.忙于做某事：be busy with→be occupied with
③.尝试：try to do/attempt to do
④.即将来临：approach→draw near
情绪类
①.感激：be grateful/show gratitude/appreciate
②.保持冷静：keep one’s cool/chill out/calm down
【点睛】[高分句型1].As the end of her senior year approached, Bekah was named speaker for her class.（由As引导的状语从句）
[高分句型2].What I learned was to be so incredibly grateful for the love and devotion from my family.（由What引导的主语从句，不定式作表语）
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