2021-2022学年辽宁省锦州市联合校高一上学期期末模拟考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年辽宁省锦州市联合校高一上学期期末模拟考试英语试题含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， Wh is the man?等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2021-2022学年辽宁省锦州市联合校高一上学期期末模拟考试英语试题
本试卷满分150分; 答题时间120分钟
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Salesman and customer.
2. How did the man get here?
A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By car.
3. What time is it now?
A. 6:00 pm. B. 7:00 pm. C. 8:00 pm.
4. Who is the man?
A. Jack’s boss. B. Jack’s doctor. C. Jack’s friend.
5. What does the man think of his new English teacher?
A. Serious. B. Good. C. Boring.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. How long can the man’s holiday last?
A. 5 days. B. 7 days. C. 9 days.
7. How does the woman feel now?
A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Disappointed.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What was the man doing?
A. Reading a book. B. Listening to a book. C. Enjoying some music.
9. What is Daniel Radcliffe?
A. An actor. B. A writer. C. A musician.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Why is the woman really angry about the dormitory?
A. It is rather dirty. B. It is extremely small. C. It offers a broken key.
11. What is the man’s attitude toward the woman’s complaint?
A. Impatient. B. Angry. C. Understanding.
12. Where is the woman arranged to live for the time being?
A. In the dormitory. B. In a hotel nearby. C. In her roommate’s house.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Where did the ship turn over?
A. In the open sea near Romania. B. In a port in Saudi Arabia. C. In Port of Midia.
14. What happened after the ship turned over?
A. Some crew members died. B. Most of the sheep died. C. 75 sheep were killed.
15. How did the man learn about some dying sheep last year?
A. From a newspaper. B. From an online video. C. From an article on the Internet.
16. What is the weather like today?
A. Foggy. B. Hot. C. Cold.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. When did the speaker’s mother begin to teach her math?
A. At the age of four. B. At the age of five. C. At the age of six.
18. What did the speaker’s mother often ask her to do?
A. Help with her work. B. Go shopping by herself. C. Practice math by doing the shopping.
19. What did the speaker find interesting?
A. Building things. B. Staying alone in a house. C. Collecting special materials.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. The ways she gets along with her parents.
B. Her work as an engineer at Boeing.
C. Her childhood experience.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Great Movies in 2021
Baby Done
When Zoe and Tim find out they are having a baby, they decide to not let parenthood change them. Tim runs towards being a dad, while Zoe runs away from being a mum. Terrified that her life won't be her own anymore, Zoe is still determined to tick off a list of their wildest dreams before the baby arrives.
Director： Curtis Vowell
Release Date： Jan 22, 2021
Runtime： 1h 31m .
The Reunited States
At a time when America is falling apart, The Reimited States is a powerful documentary that follows the unsung heroes on the difficult journey of bridging divides. Each of the bridgebuilders has realized that while the divides run deep, so does the love and hope to bring the country back together. Based on the book of the same name the film encourages us to consider that everyone has a role to play in reuniting the country.
Director： Ben Rekhi
Release Date： Jan 29, 2021
Runtime：1h 24m
Our Friend
Our Friend tells the true story of the Teague family-journalist Matt, his wife Nicole and their two young daughters — and how their lives are ended by Nicole's deadly disease. As Matt's responsibilities as caretaker and parent become increasingly overwhelming（压倒性的), the couplers best friend Dane Faucheux offers to come and help out. As Dane puts his life on hold to stay with his friends, the impact of this life-changing decision proves great and meaningful.
Director： Gabriela Cowperthwaite
Release Date： Jan 22, 2021
Runtime： 2h 4m
Happy Cleaners
When a new landlord comes around, Mr. and Mrs. Choi find their dry-cleaning business, Happy Cleaners in Flushing, Queens, at risk of closing after 17 years. While they make every effort to save the business, their daughter Hyunny and son Kevin are also at their own tough crossroads of life under the pressure of their parents’ high hopes. Faced with many difficulties, the Choi family realizes that the only way to be stronger is to embrace each other.
Director： Julian Kim, Peter S. Lee
Release Date： Feb 5, 2021
Runtime： 1h 38min
1. Which film encourages Americans to bring their country together?
A. Baby Done. B. Our Friend.
C. Happy Cleaners. D. The Reunited States.
2. What does Gabriela Cowperthwaite's film focus on?
A. The courage to start business. B. The importance of friendship.
C. The necessity of having a baby. D. The value of individual freedom.
3. How is Happy Cleaners different from the other three films?
A. It comes out in a different month.
B. It was first in theater 17 years ago.
C. It refers to part of daily family life.
D. It is about an unlucky young couple.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了2021年的几部好电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Reunited States中“Each of the bridgebuilders has realized that while the divides run deep, so does the love and hope to bring the country back together. Based on the book of the same name, the film encourages us to consider that everyone has a role to play in reuniting the country.(每个建桥者都意识到，虽然分歧很深，但爱和希望也能把国家重新团结在一起。 这部电影以同名书为基础，鼓励我们考虑每个人都可以在国家统一中发挥作用) ”可知，The Reunited States这部电影鼓励美国人团结他们的国家。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据 Our Friend中“…the couple's best friend Dane Faucheux offers to come and help out. As Dane puts his life on hold to stay with his friends，the impact of this life-changing decision proves great and meaningful.( 这对夫妇最好的朋友丹恩·福彻克斯提出要来帮忙。当丹恩搁置他的生活和他的朋友们呆在一起时，这个改变生活的决定的影响被证明是伟大的和有意义的) ”可推断，Gabriela Cowperthwaite执导的电影主要突出友谊的重要性。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。对比四部电影的上映时间可知，Happy Cleaners是在2月份上映，其他三部电影是在一月份上映。因此与其他三部在不同的月份。故选A。
B
Over the last decade, Grandpa Ron, as the students call him, has volunteered thousands of hours every year to be with local school children—but it wasn’t until classes moved online due to COVID-19 that Ron Jacobson realized his impact. That impact reached far deeper than being a school volunteer. And those students were now missing the hugs he gave them every mornings.
Back in March 2020, Jacobson had already volunteered for 900 hours during the 2019-2020 school year by the time Cle Elum-Roslyn Elementary in Ronald, Washington, closed its doors and turned to online teaching.
“These kids who relied on me being there for them had suddenly lost me,” Jacobson said. “When they started doing their schoolwork online, several said that they missed Grandpa Ron. ”
The school received so many requests for Grandpa Ron that it added Jacobson’s email address and home address to the school’s online directory (通讯录), allowing students to keep in touch with Jacobson. Students immediately began sending Jacobson emails and letters and even coming to his home to check up on him and offer to walk his dog.
Jacobson now responds to each of the students, adding a bright spot to the students’ days and his own.
“I am happy to listen to the kids’ problems as well,” Jacobson said. “I have heard from school teachers and parents how much this regular communication has changed the kids’ attitudes.
The Veterans of Foreign Wars has honored Jacobson—a Vietnam veteran (老兵) —by naming him a spokesman for their campaign, StillServing, which shows many ways America’s veterans continue serving even after leaving the army.
“The Marine Corps taught me the two important things: finish the task and take care of your troops (军队). I’m still taking care of the troops,” Jacobson said.
It’s just that they are 75 years younger than he is.
4. How did the school react to the school kids’ requests?
A. It sent Jacobson to visit them in person.
B. It asked Jacobson to write to all of them.
C. It showed every student’s email address.
D. It offered Jacobson’s contact information.
5. How did Jacobson feel about the online communication with the students?
A. Pleased. B. Worried.
C. Tired. D. Confused.
6. Why was veteran Jacobson regarded a spokesman for StillServing?
A. He still served in the army. B. He trained many volunteers.
C. He continued to serve others. D. He encouraged kids to serve.
7. What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. School teachers. B. Vietnam veterans.
C. Local school kids. D. Young volunteers.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一名老兵Jacobson，他在离开军队后，在学校做志愿者，以这种方式继续服务于社会。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“The school received so many requests for Grandpa Ron that it added Jacobson’s email address and home address to the school’s online directory (通讯录), allowing students to keep in touch with Jacobson.”（学校收到了很多关于想见Grandpa Ron的要求，于是将Jacobson的电子邮件地址和家庭地址添加到学校的在线通讯录中，让学生们能够与Jacobson保持联系。）可知，学校为了满足孩子们想见Grandpa Ron的要求，将Jacobson的电子邮件地址和家庭地址添加到学校的在线通讯录中，让学生们能够与Jacobson保持联系。由此可知，面对学生的要求，学校提供了Jacobson的联系方式。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段内容“Jacobson now responds to each of the students, adding a bright spot to the students’ days and his own.”（Jacobson现在对每个学生都做出了回应，为学生的生活和自己的生活增添了亮点。）和第六段关键句““I am happy to listen to the kids’ problems as well,” Jacobson said.”（Jacobson说：“我也很高兴听到孩子们的问题。）可知，在线上与孩子们交流时，Jacobson很高兴听到孩子们的问题，他认为在对学生的问题做出回应的日子里，给自己的生活增添了亮点。由此可知，Jacobson对与学生的在线交流感到高兴。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段内容“The Veterans of Foreign Wars has honored Jacobson—a Vietnam veteran (老兵) —by naming him a spokesman for their campaign, StillServing, which shows many ways America’s veterans continue serving even after leaving the army.”（The Veterans of Foreign Wars向越战老兵Jacobson致敬，称他为StillServing运动的代言人，这场运动显示了美国老兵即使离开军队也能继续服务社会的许多方式。）可知，StillServing运动显示了美国老兵即使离开军队也能继续服务社会的许多方式，Veterans of Foreign Wars认为Jacobson是他们运动的代言人，是因为作为一名美国老兵，他在离开军队后，仍然在学校作志愿者，以另一种方式服务于社会。由此可知，老兵Jacobson被视为StillServing的代言人是因为他在离开军队后继续为别人服务。故选C项。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段内容“Over the last decade, Grandpa Ron, as the students call him, has volunteered thousands of hours every year to be with local school children”（在过去的十年里，Grandpa Ron，正如学生们所称呼的那样，每年都自愿和当地学校的孩子们在一起上千个小时）可知，Jacobson在离开军队后，一直在学校做志愿者，和当地的孩子们生活在一起。再结合画线单词所在句“75 years younger than he is”（比他年轻75岁）可知，句中“they”代指的人要比Jacobson年轻75岁，由此可知，“they”代指的应该是上文提到的“local school children”，当地学校的孩子们。故选C项。
C
Learning a second language is difficult at any age and it only gets harder the longer you wait to open that dusty French book. Now, in a new study, scientists have pointed the exact age at which your chances of reaching fluency（流利）in a second language seem to rise： 10.
The study, published in the journal Cognition, found that it's "nearly impossible” for language learners to reach native-level fluency if they start learning a second language after 10. But that doesn't seem to be because language skills go downhill “It turns out you're still learning fast. It's just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old,“ says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne, an assistant professor of psychology at Boston College.
Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons. Children's brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they're better able to adapt and respond to new information. "All learning involves the brain changing,“ Hartshorne says, “and children's brains seem to be a lot more skilled at changing. "
These findings may seem discouraging, but it was heartening for scientists to learn that the critical （关键的）period for fluent language acquisition might be longer than they previously thought. Some scientists believed that the brief window closes shortly after birth, while others stretched it only to early adolescence. Compared to those estimates, 17 or 18 when language learning ability starts to drop off——seems old.
“People progress better when they learn by immersion （沉 浸）rather than simply in a classroom. And moving to a place where your desired language is spoken is the best way to learn as an adult. If that's not an option, you can create an immersive environment by finding ways to have conversations with native speakers in their own communities," Hartshorne says. By doing so, it's possible to become conversationally fluent——even without the advantage of a child's brain.
8. What is the most important finding of the new study?
A. The best age to learn a second language.
B. The possibility of speaking fluent language.
C. The change of language skills over the time.
D. The great approaches to learning a language.
9. Why do kids seem better than adults at learning new languages?
A. Their focus is language learning only.
B. They are more interested in languages.
C. They are more adaptable to new things.
D. Their brain always ignores big changes.
10. What is Hartshorne's advice on becoming fluent in a second language?
A. Joining friends in their learning. B. Turning to immersive learning.
C. Studying in a quiet classroom. D. Training the brain to a kid's brain.
11. From which part of a newspaper is the text most probably taken?
A. Science. B. Travel
C. Health. D. Education.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关学习外语的最佳年龄的研究。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Now, in a new study, scientists have pointed the exact age at which your chances of reaching fluency in a second language seem to rise: 10.（现在，在一项新的研究中，科学家指出，掌握一门外语的准确年龄似乎在上升：10岁）”可知，新研究最重要的发现是学习第二语言的最佳年龄。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons. Children's brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they're better able to adapt and respond to new information.（孩子在学习新语言方面可能比成年人强，原因有很多。儿童的大脑比成年人更具可塑性，这意味着他们能更好地适应并对新信息做出反应）”可知，孩子似乎比成年人更擅长学习第二语言是因为孩子对新事物的适应性更强。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“People progress better when they learn by immersion rather than simply in a classroom.（沉浸式学习比单纯在教室里学习更能让人进步）”可推断，想要流利地说第二语言，Hartshorne建议采用沉浸式学习方式。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Now, in a new study, scientists have pointed the exact age at which your chances of reaching fluency in a second language seem to rise: 10.（现在，在一项新的研究中，科学家指出，掌握一门外语的准确年龄似乎在上升：10岁）”以及接下来的内容可知，本文主要介绍了学习第二外语的最佳年龄，这属于教育范畴，由此可推断，本文最有可能出自报纸的“教育”部分。故选D项。
D
Waterbuurt is a residential(住宅的) development in Amsterdam, which consists of nearly 100 floating homes on Lake Eimer.
The floating homes are not ordinary houseboats but real floating houses. They only move with the changing tide(朝水). Designed by Dutch architect Marlies Rohmer, the houses have a basic design but are also comfortable. Although Waterbuurt is still a work in progress, there are some of the houses where there are already residents.
Two thirds of the Netherlands’ people live below sea-level, and with the flooding(发洪水) becoming a serious concern, there are many who believe that living on water in the European country is much safer than living on land. The prices of land homes in large city centers like Amsterdam has risen in recent years. But water is not that expensive.
“Moreover, houses in the cities have to stay there for 50 or 70 years,” Dutch architect Koen Olthuis said. “And as cities change, the only choice is to demolish these houses and build new ones. But floating buildings can be moved and adapted.”
The floating homes are built atop underwater platforms, and consists of a light steel frame(钢架) and wooden walls and paneling(嵌板). The bedrooms and bathroom are located on the lower floor, which is partially flooded. The kitchen and dining room are located on the raised ground floor, while the main living area and the outdoor terrace are on the top level.
All floating homes are designed with a lot of extras that buyers can choose, like floating terraces, a second entry, or a boardwalk around the house.
Waterbuurt is set to become the largest water settlement in the history of the Netherlands. Apart from floating houses, it will include floating parks and even floating high buildings. It is sure to meet even the most difficult buyers and win more acceptance from local people.
12. What can we infer about the floating houses?
A. They are easy to take down. B. They are free from flooding.
C. The prices are slightly lower. D. The total completion is done.
13. What does the underlined word “demolish” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Build. B. Buy.
C. Design. D. Destroy.
14. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. The structure of floating houses.
B. Preferable construction materials.
C. Unique functions of floating houses.
D. Advantages of buying floating houses.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. The Development of Amsterdam’s Floating Houses
B. Waterbuurt — Amsterdam’s Floating Neighborhood
C. Reasons for Choosing to Live in the Floating Houses
D. Waterbuurt — an Especially Successful Floating Project
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于荷兰的漂浮住宅Waterbuurt的特点以及修建的原因。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The prices of land homes in large city centers like Amsterdam has risen in recent years. But water is not that expensive.(近年来，像阿姆斯特丹这样的大城市中心的地价已经上涨。但是水并不是那么贵)”可知，阿姆斯特丹的地价很贵，但水上的价格很便宜。由此推知，在水上修建住宅价格会便宜一些。故选C。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据所猜词后的并列结构“build new ones(修建新的房屋)”可知，只有拆除旧房屋然后才可以建造新房屋。由此可知，所猜词的意思为“拆除、摧毁”。故选D。
【14题详解】
段落大意题。根据文章第五段“The floating homes are built atop underwater platforms, and consists of a light steel frame and wooden walls and paneling. The bedrooms and bathroom are located on the lower floor, which is partially flooded. The kitchen and dining room are located on the raised ground floor, while the main living area and the outdoor terrace are on the top level. (漂浮房屋建在水下平台上，由轻钢框架、木墙和镶板组成。卧室和浴室位于较低的楼层，部分被淹。厨房和餐厅位于凸起的地面层，而主要的起居区域和室外露台在顶层)”可知，本段主要从漂浮房屋修建的位置、修建材料以及漂浮房屋的构成等方面来介绍了漂浮房屋的结构。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Waterbuurt is a residential development in Amsterdam, which consists of nearly 100 floating homes on Lake Eimer.(Waterburt是阿姆斯特丹的一个住宅开发项目，由艾默湖上近100座漂浮住宅组成)”可知，本文主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹的一个水上漂浮住宅区。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s one thing to be a good team player, but it’s another to be a good captain (队长). Few will have the opportunity to take such an important leadership role. ___16___, you need to know how to lead by example.
Give a full effort all the time. ___17___. Because you are the captain, your teammates will look up to you and follow your lead whether you want them to or not. No matter the situation, your teammates need to see you working as hard as you can to win the game; you are also the main person who will either be praised or criticized for the team’s performance.
Show good sportsmanship. On the field, you should treat your opponents (对手) with respect. ___18___, be sure to shake their hands as well. No matter what the game is like, congratulate them on a good contest. Let your teammates know it is important to respect everyone playing.
___19___ In many sports, captains are the only players allowed to talk to the referees (裁判). Don’t shout at the referees over calls you think they missed or got wrong. Remember that the referee is in charge on the field and that you can’t let their calls affect your teammates’ play on the field.
Take responsibility for your mistakes. Let your teammates know it is important to own up to your errors. ___20___. If proper, apologize. Stand up and say, “I made a mistake there. Sorry, everyone. If you are not willing to accept responsibility, your teammates won’t have any reason to do the same.
A After the game is over.
B. Treat referees with respect.
C. Communicate with the referees.
D. Work hard to cover your mistakes.
E. Don’t make excuses when things go wrong.
F. If you are fortunate enough to become a team captain.
G. The most important part of being a captain is always working hard.
【答案】16 F 17. G 18. A 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何在体育运动中成为一名优秀的队长。
【16题详解】
根据空格上句“It’s one thing to be a good team player, but it’s another to be a good captain (队长). Few will have the opportunity to take such an important leadership role. (成为一名优秀的团队成员是一回事，但成为一名优秀的队长则是另一回事。很少有人有机会担任如此重要的领导角色。)”可知，本段介绍了优秀的队长是一个重要的领导角色，很少有人有机会担任。F项意为“如果你有幸成为队长。”选项内容能够承接上文，且能够引起下文“you need to know how to lead by example. (你需要知道如何以身作则。) ”，正因为队长是一个重要的领导角色，所以如果你有幸成为队长，你需要知道如何以身作则。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据段落主旨句“Give a full effort all the time. (一直全力以赴。)”可知，本段介绍了要想成为一名优秀的队长，就要一直全力以赴。G项意为“作为一名队长最重要的部分就是一直努力工作。”选项内容符合段落主旨，且能够引起下文“Because you are the captain, your teammates will look up to you and follow your lead whether you want them to or not. (因为你是队长，你的队友会尊敬你，不管你愿不愿意，他们都会跟随你。) ”，选项与下文构成因果关系，作为一名队长最重要的部分就是一直努力工作，因为你的队友会尊敬你，会一直跟随你的领导。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空格上句“On the field, you should treat your opponents (对手) with respect. (在球场上，你应该尊重你的对手。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们，作为一名优秀的队长，要学会尊重你的对手。A项意为“比赛结束后。”选项能够承接上文，上文介绍的是在球场上你要如何做，下文介绍的是比赛后你要如何做，且能够引起下文“be sure to shake their hands as well. (也一定要和他们握手。) ”，比赛结束后，要记得和对手握手。故选A。
【19题详解】
空格处为段落主旨句，根据空格后句“In many sports, captains are the only players allowed to talk to the referees (裁判). Don’t shout at the referees over calls you think they missed or got wrong. Remember that the referee is in charge on the field and that you can’t let their calls affect your teammates’ play on the field. (在许多体育运动中，队长是唯一被允许与裁判交谈的运动员。不要因为裁判的判罚失误而对他们大喊大叫。记住，裁判在球场上是负责人，你不能让他们的判罚影响你队友在场上的发挥。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们作为队长，我们可能是唯一被允许与裁判交谈的运动员，我们应该尊敬裁判，不要因为裁判的判罚失误而对他们大喊大叫，因为你不能让他们的判罚影响你队友在场上的发挥。B项意为“尊重裁判。”选项内容能够概括段落主旨，告诉我们尊重裁判的重要性。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据空格上句“Take responsibility for your mistakes. Let your teammates know it is important to own up to your errors. (为你的错误负责。让你的队友知道承认自己的错误是很重要的。)”可知，本段内容告诉我们，作为一名优秀的队长，要学会为自己的错误负责，让你的队友知道承认自己的错误是很重要的。E项意为“出了问题不要找借口。”选项内容能够承接上文，我们要学会为自己的错误负责，出了问题不要找借口，而要勇于承认错误。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Penpals Jill Stretton and Cathie Alexander live half a world apart. However, they've___21___a faithful correspondence for seven decades.
The long-lived letter-writing relationship___22___in 1950 when 12-year-old Stretton from Australia, was given Alexander's___23___ by a family friend in Scotland.
Back then, it sometimes took six weeks for a long-distance letter to reach its ___24___, but the pair felt an instant rapport（融洽）after their first___25___that has only grown___26___with time.
Though the two women didn't meet in person until 1982, they feel as if they truly___27___ with one another, sharing life's milestones through their letters.
“She is just like one of the family,“ Stretton said. "And we are still as together as we ever were 70 years ago. That is quite___28___ for people who've lost confidence in ever-lasting friendship. ,,
Stretton and Alexander have never stopped ___29___ to one another. Along with hopes, dreams, plans’ photos, and family updates, through the years, their letters have contained their sweet life____30____-weddings, birthdays, graduation and so on.
While they ____31____ write letters, with technology developing, Stretton and Alexander have slightly bowed to the times. For longer messages, they've turned to the Internet, but they agree that nothing will ____32____ a handwritten note. "Now, we do____33____to send postcards rather than write long letters because we email now," Stretton____34____honestly. But letter writing plays the most important part in their friendship.
The two women's story proves that_____35_____is nothing when it comes to true friendship.
21. A. ignored B. selected C. recommended D. maintained
22. A. improved B. changed C. began D. disappeared
23. A. email B. address C. work D. postcard
24. A. destination B. rate C. power D. intention
25. A. adventure B. struggle C. exchange D. comment
26. A. stronger B. more confusing C. smaller D. more awkward
27. A. broke down B. grew up C. turned up D. settled down
28. A. typical B. frightening C. convenient D. inspiring
29. A. applying B. speaking C. writing D. traveling
30. A. solutions B. memories C. challenges D. sufferings
31. A. still B. gradually C. never D. eventually
32. A. determine B. impact C. measure D. replace
33. A. pretend B. tend C. refuse D. fail
34. A. apologized B. asked C. admitted D. escaped
35. A. distance B. quality C. knowledge D. profession
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述相隔大半个地球的两位女士通过书信保持着数十年的友谊，说明只要是真正的友谊，距离从来不会成为其阻碍。
21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她们保持书信往来长达70年。A. ignored忽视；B. selected挑选；C. recommended推荐；D. maintained保持。根据下文“The long-lived letter-writing relationship”可知，她们有长久的书信往来关系，所以她们“保持”了长达七十年的通信。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们之间长久的书信往来关系开始于1950年，当时来自澳大利亚的12岁的Stretton的家人的苏格兰朋友给了她Alexander的地址。A. improved改善；B. changed改变；C. began开始；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“in 1950 when 12-year-old Stretton from Australia”可知，1950年是她们通信开始的时间。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们之间长久的书信往来关系开始于1950年，当时来自澳大利亚的12岁的Stretton的家人的苏格兰朋友给了她Alexander的地址。A. email邮件；B. address地址；C. work工作；D. postcard明信片。根据前文“The long-lived letter-writing relationship___2___in 1950”可知，她们作为笔友开始通信关系首先需要知道对方的地址。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，一封长途信件需要六周才能被送达目的地，在两个女孩第一次交流后，她们感觉彼此很契合，而这种契合感与日俱增。A. destination目的地；B. rate比率；C. power力量；D. intention目的。根据前文“took six week”和“reach its”可知，她们之间的信件需要花费六周才能到达目的地。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，一封长途信件需要六周才能被送达目的地，在两个女孩第一次交流后，她们感觉彼此很契合，而这种契合感与日俱增。A. adventure冒险；B. struggle挣扎；C. exchange交流；D. comment评论。根据上文“but the pair felt an instant rapport（融洽）after their first”可知，她们有了交流之后才会感到契合。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，一封长途信件需要六周才能被送达目的地，在两个女孩第一次交流后，她们感觉彼此很契合，而这种契合感与日俱增。A. stronger更强烈；B. more confusing更令人困惑；C. smaller更小；D. more awkward更尴尬。“that has only grown___6___with time”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词an instant rapport，根据前文“the pair felt an instant rapport”可知，她们第一次交流时候感觉很融洽，之后随着更多的交流，这种感觉更加强烈。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管这两个女人直到1982年才见面，但她们感觉彼此真的一起长大了，她们通过书信分享彼此生活中发生的事。A. broke down出故障；B. grew up长大；C. turned up出现；D. settled down定居。根据下文“sharing life's milestones through their letters”可知，几十年来，她们通过书信分享着彼此的生活，虽然一直没有见面，但感觉就像是一起长大的。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们之间持久的友谊对于那些对长久的友谊丧失了信心的人来说是很受鼓舞的。A. typical典型的；B. frightening可怕的；C. convenient方便的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据“And we are still as together as we ever were 70 years ago. That is quite___8___ for people who've lost confidence in ever-lasting friendship.”可知，她们的友谊持续了几十年，并且友情还跟当初一样，这对于那些对友谊丧失信心的人来说是一种鼓舞。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stretton和Alexander从未停止给彼此写信。applying申请；B. speaking说；C. writing写；D. traveling旅行。根据下文“through the years, their letters have contained their sweet life”可知，她们几十年来一直通过写信分享彼此的生活，所以她们从未停止通信。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：伴随着希望、梦想、计划的照片和家庭的更新，这些年来，她们的信中包含了她们甜蜜的生活回忆——婚礼、生日、毕业等等。A. solutions解决办法；B. memories记忆；C. challenges挑战；D. sufferings遭遇。根据下文“weddings, birthdays, graduation and so on.”可知，她们在信中分享的都是她们生活中美好的事情，这些都是属于她们的美好回忆。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然她们还在写信，但随着技术的发展，Stretton和Alexander已经稍微向时代低头了。A. still仍然；B. gradually逐渐地；C. never从不；D. eventually最终。根据上文while和下文“For longer messages, they've turned to the Internet”可知，虽然她们仍然在写信，但对于较长的信息她们转向了网络，此处表示让步关系。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于更长的信息，她们求助于互联网，但她们一致认为，没有什么能取代手写的信件。A. determine决定；B. impact影响；C. measure估量；D. replace取代。根据下文“But letter writing plays the most important part in their friendship.”可知，写信在她们的友谊中扮演着最重要的角色，因此可以推断，她们认为没有什么能取代手写的信件。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stretton诚实地承认道：“现在，我们确实倾向于寄明信片，而不是写长信，因为我们现在发电子邮件。” A. pretend假装；B. tend倾向于；C. refuse拒绝；D. fail失败。根据下文“rather than write long letters because we email now”可知，因为她们用电子邮件发长信，所以在线下倾向于寄明信片。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stretton诚实地承认道：“现在，我们确实倾向于寄明信片，而不是写长信，因为我们现在发电子邮件。” A. apologized道歉；B. asked询问；C. admitted承认；D. escaped逃离。空后的“honestly”说明Stretton承认她们因为用电子邮件发长信而倾向于寄明信片这个事实。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两位女士的故事证明对于真正的友谊来说，距离从来不会是问题。A. distance距离；B. quality质量；C. knowledge知识；D. profession专业。根据下文“nothing when it comes to true friendship.”和全篇来看，两位女士虽然相隔很远，但是她们几十年来用书信保持着彼此的友谊，并且友情没有因为距离受到任何影响，所以距离不会妨碍真正的友谊。故选A项。
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共55分）
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People need to vote to decide who will be their president. But humans aren't the only creatures on Earth to vote. In fact, there are ___36___(variety) animals which also make group decisions. They just do ___37___differently for different reasons.
Instead of voting for a president, animals vote on where to live or when to hunt(狩猎). Take meerkats(猫鼬)for example. When ___38___ (search) for food, the animals get together for protection from hunters. But when a meerkat wants to speed up the search, the animal will make a "move call”. If three or more meerkats make this call, an agreement to speed up can ___39___(reach).
African wild dogs also vote in groups. A group of scientists ___40___ study the behavior of animals have found that the animals also vote to decide whether to hunt. How do the dogs vote for hunting? They sneeze (打喷嚏)! Whether the dogs will actually go for a hunt is decided by ___41___number of sneezes. The more the dogs sneeze, the___42___ (likely) it is that they will look for a meal.
Just like humans, animals don't always agree with one another. But joining in group decisions ___43___(help) make sure of their ___44___(survive). It is extremely interesting_____45_____ (observe) how animals vote for a decision and stick together.
【答案】36. various
37. it 38. searching
39. be reached
40. who/that
41. the 42. more likely
43. helps 44. survival
45. to observe
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类并不是地球上唯一用投票的方式来做决策的生物，很多动物也会通过投票的方式做出集体决策。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：事实上，很多动物也会做出集体决策。分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应填形容词various，修饰名词animals作定语。故填various。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们只是因为不同的原因而采取不同的方式来做出集体决策。分析句子结构及句意可知，空格处应填代词it代指上文提到的group decisions作do的宾语。故填it。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当寻找食物时，动物们会聚集在一起以保护自己不受猎人的伤害。分析句子结构，空处需填非谓语动词与前面的连词when一起构成状语从句的省略，又因search和逻辑主语the animals为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填searching。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：如果有三只或更多的猫鼬发出这种信号时，就可以达成加速的协议。根据上下文语境可知，此处使用一般现在时；又因主语agreement与reach之间为动宾关系，用被动语态；空处前面有情态动词can。故填be reached。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一组研究动物行为的科学家发现，动物也会投票决定是否捕猎。空处引导定语从句，先行词scientists在从句中作study的主语，需用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：狗是否真的会去打猎取决于打喷嚏的数量。空格处填the与其后的number of构成固定短语，the number of表示……的数量。故填the。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：狗打喷嚏的次数越多，它们就越有可能去寻找食物。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处及前面的the与前面句中的The more构成固定句型“The+比较级……，the+比较级……”表示越……就越……，所以空处填比较级形式；由于likely的比较级是不规则变化，前面需要加more构成比较级。故填more likely。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：但参与集体决策有助于确保它们的生存。根据上下文语境及句意可知，此句是对客观事物的一般陈述，用一般现在时； help与主语joining in group decisions之间为主谓关系，用主动语态；又因主语joining in group decisions为动名词短语，所以用第三人称单数形式。故填helps。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：但参与集体决策有助于确保它们的生存。分析句子结构可知，空格处作make sure of的宾语，又因空格前有形容词性物主代词their修饰，所以填名词形式；survive 的名词形式survival为抽象名词没有单复数。故填survival。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：观察动物如何投票决定并团结在一起是一件非常有趣的事情。分析句子结构及句意可知，It为形式主语，空处需填非谓语动词形式做真正的主语；动名词做主语表示经常性习惯性的行为，不定式做主语表示具体的或一次性行为。根据句意观察动物如何投票为具体的行为，所以用不定式形式，故填to observe。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Peter发邮件询问你是如何度过寒假的。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1 陪家人过春节；
2. 阅读英文小说；
3. 学做中国菜。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m glad to receive your email, in which you asked me how I spent my winter vacation. I’m willing to share it with you.
Actually, I spent most of my time celebrating the Spring Festival with my family, for the festival represents reunion for most Chinese people. Besides, I read some interesting English novels, which helped with my English lot. Most happily, I learnt to cook Chinese food, such as jiaozi and Gong Bao Chicken.
I really enjoyed my winter vacation. How’s your winter holiday？
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给留学生朋友Peter写一封电子邮件，告诉他你是如何度过寒假的。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 陪家人过春节；
2. 阅读英文小说；
3. 学做中国菜。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
be glad to do sth.; be willing to do sth.; share sth. with sb.; the Spring Festival; learn to do sth.; such as;help with
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m glad to receive your email, in which you asked me how I spent my winter vacation.
2. Actually, I spent most of my time celebrating the Spring Festival with my family, for the festival represents reunion for most Chinese people.
3. I read some interesting English novels, which helped with my English lot.
4. I learnt to cook Chinese food, such as jiaozi and Gong Bao Chicken.
5. I really enjoyed my winter vacation.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：besides, and
2.表因果关系：for
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I’m glad to receive your email, in which you asked me how I spent my winter vacation. （由“介词in+关系代词which”引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Besides, I read some interesting English novels, which helped with my English lot. （由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We were a crowd of people who took the bus every day that summer several years ago. During the early morning ride from the suburb(郊区), we sat as a cheerless and silent crowd. One of the passengers was an old man who took the bus to the center for senior citizens(老年人) every morning. He walked with a sad look on his face when he, with some difficulty, boarded the bus and sat down alone behind the driven. No one ever paid much attention to him.
Then one July morning he said good morning to the driver and smiled short--sightedly down through the bus before he sat down. The driver nodded guardedly. The rest of us were silent.
The next day, the old man boarded the bus energetically, smiled and said in a loud voice, “And a very good morning to you all!” Some of us looked up, amazed, and replied with “Good morning” in a low voice.
The following weeks we were more alert(警觉的). Our friend was now dressed in a nice old suit and a wide out-of-date tie. He said “Good morning” to us every day and we gradually began to nod and talk to each other.
One morning he had a bunch of wild flowers in his hand. The driver turned around smilingly and asked, “Have you got yourself a girlfriend, Charlie?” We never got to know if his name really was “Charlie”, but he nodded shyly and said yes. The other passengers applauded for him. Charlie bowed and waved the flowers before he sat down.
Every morning after that Charlie always brought a flower. Some of the regular passengers began bringing him flowers for his bouquet(花束), gently saying shyly “Here”. Everyone smiled. The men started to joke about it, talk to each other and share his updates.
The summer went by and autumn was closing in, when one morning Charlie wasn’t waiting at his usual stop. When he wasn't there the next day and the day after that, we started wondering if he was sick.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When we came nearer to the center for senior citizens, one of the passengers asked the driver to wait.
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The next Monday Charlie was waiting at the stop without a tie, looking particularly sad.
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【答案】When we came nearer to the center for senior citizens, one of the passengers asked the driver to wait. No one complained about that. Instead, we all held our breaths when she went to the door. Yes, the staff said they knew who we were talking about. The elderly gentleman was fine, but he hadn’t been coming to the center that week. One of his close friends had died at the weekend. They expected him hack on Monday. After hearing that about Charlie, we kept silent and cheerless the rest of the way to work.
The next Monday Charlie was waiting at the stop without a tie, locking particularly sad. He seemed to have felt down again. He just climbed onto the bus without a single word. Inside the bus was a silence similar to that in a church. Even though no one had talked about it, all those of us, who he had made such an impression on that summer, sat with our eyes filled with tears and a bunch of wild flowers in our hands. Seeing the flowers in our hands, our sad friend smiled with tears.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了查理起初乘坐公交车时非常沮丧，但是突然有一天开始积极地与周围的乘客打交道。当查理有了女朋友之后，每天还会带一大束花在身上。秋天的一个早上，大家都没有见到查理，所以在老年活动中心停了下来想询问查理到哪儿去了。不幸的是，查理最好的朋友去世了，查理又回到了最初沮丧的样子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我们走近老年活动中心时，一位乘客让司机等一下。”可知，第一段可描写大家在老年活动中心询问查理的结果，发现查理发生了一些不好的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“下个星期一，查理在车站等车，没系领带，特别难过。”可知，第二段可描写查理难过的样子，以及和以前乐观的样子的对比。
2.续写线索：停车询问——了解查理近况——查理的挚友去世——查理很悲伤——查理郁郁寡欢——回忆查理快乐的样子
3.词类激活
行为类
①抱怨：complain/ grumble
②谈论：talk about/ discuss
情感类
①悲伤的：sad/ sorrowful
②沉默的：silent/ quiet
③无精打采：cheerless/ blue
【点睛】[高分句型1] Even though no one had talked about it, all those of us, who he had made such an impression on that summer, sat with our eyes filled with tears and a bunch of wild flowers in our hands. (运用了关系代词who引导的非限定性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Seeing the flowers in our hands, our sad friend smiled with tears. (运用了现在分词作状语)
听力答案：1-5 ACAAB 6-10 CABAA 11-15 CBCBB 16-20 BBCAC