Unit 6 When was it invented 学案

这是一份Unit 6 When was it invented，共42页。

【课 题】
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section A 1a—1c
【学习目标】
句型：When was the car invented?
弄清一般过去时态的主动语态与被动语态的差异，并通过练习和运用加以巩固。
【学习重点难点】
句型：When was the car invented?
弄清一般过去时态的主动语态与被动语态的差异，并通过练习和运用加以巩固。
【学法指导】
在学习中，懂得人类的科学发明创造了丰富的物质文明，激发创造发明的能力和愿望。并乐于参加学习小组活动，积极合作。
【教学过程】
一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）
通过课件呈现中国古代的发明:
gun powder/compass/paper making/printing
然后问学生:What are they?
Help the students to say :They are four inventions of China.
Get the students to repeat.
叫学生列举一些他们知道的发明,如car,telephone,computer,TV等。
Then show some inventions on the screen to the students:
Telephone, calculator, car, personal computer, TV, light bulb, alarm, clock, microwave oven, electric slipper.
Teacher: There are many useful things in the world. They help us a lot in life. (Show some pictures on the screen)
When were they invented?
Students: _____________________.
① The telephone was invented in 1876.
② The computer was invented in ...
……
二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）
文化背景导读
How Americans showed their respect for Edison
Thomas Alva Edison was awarded more patents on inventions than any other American. When he died in 1931, Americans wondered how they could best show their respect for him.
One suggestion was that the nation observe a minute or two of total blackout. All electric power would be shut off in homes, streets, and factories.
Perhaps this suggestion made Americans realize fully what Edison and his inventions meant to them. Electric power was too important to the country. Shutting it off for even a short time would have led to complete confusion. A blackout was out of the question.
On the day of Edison’s funeral, many people silently dimmed their lights. In this way they honored the man who had done more than anyone else to put a great force of electricity at his countrymen’s fingertips.
翻译下列年代：
1 nineteen seventy-one____________
2 eighteen eighty-five__________
3. eighteen seventy-six
4.1927_________________
5.1976______________________
6. 2010____________________

三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）
1. 要求学生翻开课本P41，迅速阅读1a部分的内容。并按要求完成课本上相应的任务: Number the pictures.（1分钟）
2. 检查答案，先要求全班一起给出答案并检查讨论。
The telephone was invented in 1876.
Cars were invented in 1885.
The TV was invented around 1927.
The personal computers were invented in 1976.

3. 要求学生听第一遍录音，并完成课本上1b的听力任务: Listen and match the inventions with the years. Check their answers: 读出序号-读出年份-读出完整的句子（2分钟）
Picture d: The telephone was invented in eightenn seventy-six.
Picture a: Cars were invented in eighteen eighty-five.
Picture c: The TV was invented around nineteen twenty-seven.
Picture b: The personal computers were invented in nineteen seventy-six.

4.　听第二遍，填空。
Alice: Was your life very difficult when you were a kid?
Grandma: Oh, not really. Why?
Alice: Well, you didn’t have modern inventions like a , right?
Grandma: Of course we did! How old do you think I am? The telephone was in 1876. You need to take a history class, Alice!
Alice: Haha! How about ? They weren’t invented yet, were they?
Grandma: Yes, they were. Cars were invented in 1885. My family had a car.
Alice: Well, did you have a TV?
Grandma: No, we couldn’t one. They were expensive in those days. The TV was invented around 1927, I think.
Alice: Well, I know that you didn’t have a because we learned in school that personal computers were invented in 1976.
Grandma: You’re right. But I have now!
5. 要求学生听第三遍录音，并逐句进行跟读。（2分钟）
6. 完成教材1c的任务，要求学生模仿1a内容，进行对话练习。并邀请2-3对同学当堂进行演示。（3分钟）
A: When was the telephone invented?
B: I think it was invented in 1876.
 
A: When was the car invented?
B: I think it was invented in 1885.
 
A: When was the TV invented?
B: I think it was invented around 1927.
 
A: When was the personal computers invented?
B: I think it was invented in in 1976.

6. 小结训练。要求学生在规定的时间内完成一个小练习。并请若干学生给出自己的答案。有错误的话及时解决纠正。（2分钟）
用所给单词的正确形式填空：
1) When was the telephone invented (invent)?
2) The computer can help us do math problems (help).
3) In those day, the woman couldn't afford (afford)a TV because they were really expensive.
4) A friend of mine (I) came to see me last week.
5) I think you need to take (take) a history class.
四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）

1.invent (v.)发明；创造
invent 指发明创造出自然界本来不存在的东西，如工具、方法、手段、汽车、电器、合成材料等。
【备课例句】
Bell invented the telephone. 贝尔发明了电话。
Smith invented a new teaching method. 史密斯发明了一种新的教学方法。
【横向辐射】discover, find, create
1.discover是“发现”的意思，是指发现原来就有而一直没被发现，如发现电、煤、石油等矿藏及新星、星系或科学真理等。
Columbus discovered America in 1492.1492年哥伦布发现了新大陆。
Recently they have discovered a comet. 最近他们发现了一颗彗星。
2.find的意思是“寻找”，强调找的结果，并不指发现。
I've tried to find another copy but couldn't find one. 我试图再找一本，但没能弄到。
3.create指有目的地把原材料制成新产品，也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事物。
Man creates himself. 人类创造了自己。
A novelist creates characters and a plot. 小说家塑造人物并设计情节。
【课堂变式】
根据语境提示，用invent, discover，find或create的形式填空，完成句子。
1.When _____ the stream engine（蒸汽机） ___?
2.I can’t ____ my bike, I’m looking for it.
3. Scientists are now trying to ___ if this is possible.
4. Do you know who______ the plane？
5. He ____quite a number of wonderful characters in his play.
【解析】I.1.was, invented 2.find 3.discover 4.invented 5. created

五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）
一）单项选择
（ ）1.The kind of cup is used__________drinking.
A.to B.as C.by D.for
（ ）2.My mother and my sister kept on talking,but my father
________silent all the time.
A.got B.kept C.turned D.looked
（ ）3.I think the short story_________by Lu Xun.
A.is writing B.is written C.written D.was written
（ ）4.--Who________the electric light lamp______? —Edison.
A.was;invented B.is;invented
C.was;invented by D.did;invented by
二）阅读短文，完成任务
Google and Toyota have worked together to create a new smart car. It can run on the road without a driver. It drives itself. The self-driving car hasn’t been on sale to the public, so we don’t know how much it costs. Another thing most people want to know is whether it will be safe enough to run on the road.
The self-driving car uses electricity as its power, and it can’t drive very quickly—the top speed would be 25 miles per hour. It is actually controlled by a computer system (系统) on the car. The system keeps on collecting information by some video cameras inside the car and a LIDAR sensor (激光雷达传感器) on top of it. A computer processes the information and decides what to do. “The self-driving car has only buttons (按钮) for go and stop, so it’s very easy to use,” an engineer of Google says. “And what’s more, it will make car accidents less and make the world a safer place.” The self-driving car has driven hundreds of thousands of miles in California, and it has only gotten into two accidents by human mistake.
According to CNN, self-driving cars will also help to reduce (减少) the number of cars in big cities. “Self-driving cars would be able to send you to the workplace and then pick up another person instead of stopping in a parking lot.”
( )1. We don’t know the price of the self-driving car because 　　　　.
A. it is on sale only in America B. it isn’t made for sale
C. people can get it for free D. it hasn’t been on sale to the public
( )2. The self-driving car can collect information using 　　　　.
①video cameras ②a computer
③a LIDAR sensor ④a computer system
A. ①② B. ①③ C. ①②③ D. ①②③④
( )3. According to CNN, self-driving cars will 　　　　.
A. send us more quickly to the workplace
B. lead to heavier traffic
C. improve traffic condition in big cities
D. carry more people than a normal car

【教学反思】




【课 题】
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section A 2a—2c
【学习目标】
掌握本课单词、短语、句型 Who was it invented by? What are they used for?
【学习重点难点】
能听懂含有一般过去时态被动语态的简短对话。
能运用一般过去时态被动语态谈论历史上的发明。
【学法指导】
观察图画---回忆句型----练习口语---巩固练习
【教学过程】
一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）

Dialogue 1:
S1: What is this?
S2: This is a hot ice- cream scoop. It runs on electricity.
S1: What is it used for?
S2: It is used for serving really cold ice cream.
S1: Who was it invented by?
S2: It was invented by Chelsea Lanmon.
Dialogue 2:
S1: What are these?
S2: They are shoes with lights.
S1: What are they used for?
S2: They are used for seeing in the dark.
S1: Who were they invented by?
S2: They were invented by Julie Thompson.
Dialogue 3:
S1: What are these?
S2: They are shoes with special heels.
S1: What are they used for?
S2: They are used for changing the style of the shoes.
S1: Who were they invented by?
S2: They were invented by Jayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth.
二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）

1、认真拼读下面单词和人名
heel /hi:l/ n. 鞋跟；足跟 p.42
electricity /ilektrisəti/ n. 电；电能 p.42
scoop /sku:p/ n.勺; 铲子 p.42
style/stail/ n. 样式; 款式 p.42

Chelsea/tʃelsi/ Lanmon /lænmən/切尔西 • 兰曼 p.42
Jayce /dʒeis/ Coziar /kəuzia:/杰斯 • 克里亚 p.42
Jamie /dʒeimi/ Ellsworth /elzwə:(r)θ/杰米 • 埃尔斯沃恩 p.42
Julie /dʒu:li/ Thompson /tɔmpsən/朱莉 • 汤普森
Whitcomb /witkəm/ Judson /dʒʌdsən/惠特科姆 • 贾德森 p.42
三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）

1. 要求学生翻开课本P42。播放录音一遍，完成2a，2b的听力任务，然后个别检查，统一核对答案。（2分钟）
2. 要求学生听第二遍录音，并逐句进行跟读。（2分钟）
3. 听力内容巩固训练。要求学生根据所听到的内容完成下列各句。完成后要求若干学生给出自己的答案。以巩固对听力内容的了解。（4分钟）
The shoes with lights are used for seeing in the dark. They were invented by Julie Thompson. This hot ice cream scoop is used for scooping out really cold ice cream. The shoes with adjustable heels are used for changing the style of your shoes.
4、听录音填空
Alex: Hi, Carol. Wow, what are those?
Carol: Hello, Alex. Oh, these are some of the interesting that I’m writing about for my English homework.
Alex: I see…What’s that, then?
Carol: They’re shoes with . People use them for seeing in the dark when you get up at night.
Alex: Oh, that’s a cool idea! I always hit my toe on something on the way to the bathroom at night.
Carol: Next is a ice-cream scoop. This is my favorite invention. It runs on electricity and becomes hot.
Alex: I know what it’s for! It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream.
Carol: Yes, that’s right! The last invention I’m going to write about is shoes with special . You can move the heels up and down.
Alex: What are they used for?
Carol: Well, you can change the of your shoes. You can raise the heels if you are going to a party or lower them if you are just going out for .
5、. 大声朗读听力材料。（1分钟）
6. 放下听力材料，要求学生模仿听力内容，利用2a，2b的信息分角色练习对话练习。然后邀请2-3对同学当堂演示。看哪一对的表现最佳。（5分钟）
A: What are the shoes with adjustable heels used for?
B: They are used for changing the style of the shoes.
A: What are the battery-operated sneakers used for?
B: They are used for seeing in the dark.
A: What is the heated ice cream scoop used for?
B: It is used for scooping really cold ice cream.



四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）

be used for 用来做……
此短语中的for是介词，表示用途，后接名词或动词-ing形式。
【备课例句】
An orange is used for medicine. 桔子可以入药。
A pen is used for writing. 钢笔用来写字。
【横向辐射】be used as & be used by
1.be used as 意为“被用作……”，介词as表示“作为”，其后一般接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。
【例句】
English is used as the second language in many countries. 英语在许多国家被当作第二语言使用。
This room is used as their office. 这人房间被用作他们的办公室。
2.be used by 意为“被……使用”，介词by后面接动作的执行者（宾语）。
【例句】
English is used by travelers and business people all over the world. 全世界的旅行者和商人们使用英语。
Tractors are used by the farmers. 农民使用拖拉机。
【课堂变式】
1. 在中国英语作为外语来使用。
__________________________________
2.教师用粉笔。
__________________________________
3.毛衣是用来保暖的。
__________________________________
【解析】1. English is used as a foreign language in China.
2. Chalk is used by teachers.
3.A sweater is used for keeping warm.

五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）
根据括号内的要求改写句子。
1.They were invented by Julie Thompson. (改写否定句)
They ____________ ____________ by Julie Thompson.
2.Cai Lun invented paper.（改为被动语态）
Paper ____________ ___________ ____________ Cai Lun.
3.Some clothes were given away to charity by me.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）
_________ _________clothes given away to charity by ____________?
Yes, ____________ ____________.
4.The car was invented in 1885.( 对划线部分提问)
____________ ____________ the car invented?
5.We used it to scoop ice cream. (改写同义句)
___________ __________ __________scooping ice cream by us.

完成句子：
1.汽车是什么时候发明的？它是在1885年被发明的。
When _________ the car________? It _____ _____ _____1885.
2. 带灯的鞋子是什么时候发明的？是去年发明的。
When ________shoes with lights ______? They _____ _____last year.
3. 他们是谁发明的。是朱丽.汤普森发明的。
_____ were they ____ _____? They were _____ ____Julie Thompson.
4. 他们是用来做什么的？ 是用来在黑暗中视物的。
What are they ____ ____? They’re used _____ _____ in the dark.
5.我认为电话的发明要早于汽车的发明。
I think the telephone _______ __________ _________the car.
选择
( )1. — Michael Jackson was called the king of pop, wasn’t he?
— Of course. He 　　　　 by people all over the world.【出处：21教育
A. was looked up B. was looked up to
C. looked up D. looked up to
( )2. — Was table tennis invented by the Chinese?
— No. It 　　　　 in China until the start of the 20th century.
A. played B. was played
C. didn’t play D. wasn’t played
( )3. — Do you know 　　　　 in ancient China?
— I have no idea. But I know people once used tree leaves to make paper.
A. how paper was made B. how was paper made
C. what paper was made D. what was paper made

【教学反思】








【课 题】
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section A 2d
【学习目标】
掌握本课对话内容
继续学习一般过去时态的被动语态
【学习重点难点】
能运用一般过去时态的被动语态进行对话练习
【学法指导】
熟读---对话---背诵—巩固练习

【教学过程】

一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）

What is it called ?
It is called zipper.
When was it invented ?
The zipper was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by?
The zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson.

二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）
拼读记忆单词
project /prədʒekt/ n. 项目；工程 p.42
pleasure /pleʒə(r)/ n. 高兴；愉快 p.42
zipper /zipə(r)/ n. (= zip) 拉链；拉锁 p.42
daily /deili/ adj. 每日的；日常的 p.42
website /websait/ n. 网站 p.42
pioneer /paiəniə/ n.先锋；先驱 p.42
list /list/ v. 列表；列清单n. 名单；清单 p.42
mention /menʃn/ v. 提到；说到 p.42

根据汉语提示完成单词。
1. I like the color of this coat but I don’t like its style (款式).
2. It’s my great pleasure (高兴) to have a talk with you.
3. The little inventions have helped me a lot in my daily (日常的)life.
4. Julia introduced a good website (网站)to me to learn English.
5. My mother always lists（列清单）all things that she wants to buy before shopping.

三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）

播放2d的对话录音，学生仔细倾听，注意语音语调、句群停顿。
播放2d的对话录音，让学生跟读，模仿语音语调、句群停顿。
学生朗读2d对话并理解大意。
学生分角色朗读并表演2d的对话。（5分钟）
学生背诵2d对话，不看书填空。
Paul: Hey Roy, the subject for my school is“Small inventions that changed the world.”Can you help me think of an ?
Roy: My pleasure! Let me think ... hmm ... I know!The zipper!
Paul: The ? Is it really such a great invention?
Roy: Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags ... everywhere!
Paul: Well, you do seem to have a point ...
Roy: Of course! I thought about it because I saw a website last week. The pioneers of different inventions were there. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn’t used w .
Paul: Really? So when did it become ?
Roy: Around 1917.
对话内容巩固训练。要求学生根据2d对话的内容完成下各句。完成后要求若干学生给出自己的答案。以巩固对对话内容的了解。（4分钟）
Last week, Roy saw a website, it says the zipper is one of the it greatest small inventions that changed the world. It mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. but at that time, it wasn’t widely used. Paul think he do seems to have a point. The zipper is really such a great invention and it’s used in our daily lives very often and everywhere.

四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）

pleasure n. 高兴，愉快；
常用于口语中；it’s my pleasure. With pleasure.
【备课例句】
It’s my pleasure to help you look after your pet cat.
我感到很荣幸帮你照看你的宠物猫。
【横向辐射】please, pleased, pleasure, pleasant 的区别
一、please
1.表请求或要求的语气。是动词（及物动词）。
-Come in, please.请进来吧。（或Pease come in）
-Sit down, please.请坐。（或Please sit down）
2.表“讨好，讨人喜欢；喜欢”（不及物动词）
或者“使···高兴，使···满意，使···喜欢”（及物动词）
-Go where you please.你想去哪就去哪。
-What pleases you best?你最喜欢什么？
二、pleased形容词。表示“高兴的，喜欢的，满意的”。
它指的是人主观上感到的满足心理
-I'm pleased to see you!见到你真高兴！
常用句型有：be pleased to do sth.高兴做某事
be pleased at/about/with/by 对···感到满意/高兴
be pleased that从句 对··· 感到满意/高兴
三、pleasant形容词。表示“令人愉快的”“让人感到满意”。主语一般为物。
The walk was very pleasant. 那次散步很（让人）愉快。
四、pleasure名词 表示“满足；乐趣；消遣、娱乐”
It's a pleasure to read this book. 读这本书真是件乐事。
【课堂变式】
（1）根据句意，用pleasant, pleased或pleasure填空。
1.I had a ___ time.
2.He will be ___ to help you.
3.Reading gives me great ___.
4.It gives me ___to see you looking happy.
5.We spent a ___ day in the country.
【解析】1.pleasant 2.pleased 3. pleasure 4.pleasure 5. pleasant
（2）I think it is impossible to make everyone______.
A. please B. pleased C. pleasant D. pleasure
【解析】由句意可知，要让每个人高兴是不可能的。pleased表示“高兴的，喜欢的”; 故选B。
五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）
用所给词的适当形式补全句子
1.---When the telephone ?
---I think it in 1876.(invent)
2.---What are the hot ice-cream scoops used for?
--- They are used for (scoop)really cold ice cream.
3.Many beautiful presents （buy）for the teachers last Sunday.
4.The thief (catch) by the police at last.
5.The new computers (give) to the village school as presents last month.
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确(每个单词限用一次)。
letter learn school become by
die invite blind communicate interest

Braille (盲文) is the most well-known language system (系统) used by (41)　　 　 people all around the world.
It is named after Louis Braille, who improved the way blind people read books (42)　　 　 following raised (凸起的) letters.
Louis Braille was born on January 4, 1809, in France. He lost his eyesight by accident when he was 3. Louis Braille went to a special (43)　　 　 for the blind in Paris in 1821. It was there that he (44)　　 　 to read, using raised letters. However, because the raised (45)　　 　 were made of paper pressed against copper wire, the students never learned to write.
Later the school (46)　　 　 a soldier (战士) to give a talk to the students. The talk was about a system called “night writing” that allows soldiers to (47)　　 　 silently, even in the dark.
Braille was (48)　　 　 in the system. He realized it could be used among blind people, too. He set out to work on it and in 1824, he introduced the reading and writing system. In 1829, Braille wrote his first book explaining his system. However, it was only after his (49)　　 　 that the reading and writing system caught attention and (50)　　 　 the most popular way for the blind to read and write around the world.

【教学反思】





【课 题】
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section A 3a—3c
【学习目标】
掌握本课单词、短语、句型
【学习重点难点】
1.nearly adv.几乎，差不多； 2.boil v. 煮沸，烧开；
3.remain v. 保持不变；剩余；4.national adj.国家的，民族的；
【学法指导】
了解历史----阅读思考----阅读理解---巩固练习
【教学过程】

一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）

Questions:
1. Do you drink tea every day?____________ _________________
2. Who invented tea in history?_________________
3. Do people in other countries drink tea in their daily life？
__________________________________________

二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）
中国饮茶历史最早，陆羽《茶经》云：“茶之为饮，发乎神农氏，闻于鲁周公”。早在神农时期，茶及其药用价值已被发现，并由药用逐渐演变成日常生活饮料。我国历来对选茗、取水、备具、佐料、烹茶、奉茶以及品尝方法都颇为讲究，因而逐渐形成丰富多采、雅俗共赏的饮茶习俗和品茶技艺。茶之饮，最早的目的在于：解毒、消食、清心、益思、少睡眠；后来有陆羽《茶经》等对其方式精益求精，以及少数民族的种种“异样”喝法，都不离其宗；大概宛如诗的雅与风，都值得有心人细细玩味。至若有为“雅”而茶，大概是当今茶艺馆繁盛的原因之一，又或为“道”而茶，比如强调“和敬清寂”，大家见仁见智吧。

拼读记忆单词
by accident 偶然；意外地 p.43
nearly /niəli/, /nirli/ adv. 几乎；差不多 p.43
boil /bɔil/ v. 煮沸；烧开 p.43
smell /smel/ n. 气味v. 发出气味；闻到 p.43
saint/seint/ n. 圣人；圣徒 p.43
take place 发生；出现 p.43
doubt /daut/ n. 疑惑；疑问 v. 怀疑 p.43
without doubt 毫无疑问；的确 p.43
【新词自查】
根据汉语提示完成单词。
1. The tiger is looked as the ruler（统治者）of this forest.
2. Most students went to the playground. Only a few remained (剩下)to clean the classroom.
3. Alice is without doubt (怀疑) the best student in our class.
4. The dragon is treat as a national (民族的)symbol of the Chinese.
5. Mother is boiling (煮沸) the milk for the baby.

三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）
完成教材3a 的任务
1. 要求学生快速默读短文，熟知大意，并完成课本3a的任务：
match each paragraph with its main idea; 然后邀请几位同学给出自己的答案，全班一起学习讨论。（3分钟）
Paragraph 1 Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing
Paragraph 2 How tea spread to other countries
Paragraph 3 How tea was invented by accident

2. 先邀请几位同学阅读短文（可一人一段），教师要注意学生的语音，给予必要的朗读指导。然后播放录音，全班同学一起跟读。（3分钟）
3. 短文内容巩固练习。教师可给出一篇改写了的短文，将一些重点的表达方式空出。让学生在规定的时间内补全短文。然后邀请若干同学给出自己的答案。（4分钟）
Tea is the most popular drink in the world. But to our surprise, it was invented by accident. It wasn't brought to western world until 1610, but it was discovered 3,000 years earlier. An ancient Chinese legend says Shen Nong discovered the tea when he was boiling drinking water in the open air. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. And a pleasant smell came from the water then. He tasted the mixture and it was wonderful. And in this way, tea was invented.
4. 完成教材3b的任务，要求学生再次阅读短文内容，回答3b中所提出的问题（5分钟）
5. 用3c方框中所给的单词的正确形式完成句子；设置一个5分钟的时限；然后请5位同学分别朗读句子，同时核对答案。
1. invented 2. drunk 3. produced 4. brought 5. traded
6、阅读填表
After you read, answer the 4 questions following the article.
1. What is the article about?
It is about the invention of tea.
2.When was it invented?
It was invented over three thousand years before 1610.
3.Who was it invented by?
It was invented by Shen Nong.
4. How was it invented?
The ruler Shen Nong noticed that the leaves from a nearby bush in the water produced a pleasant smell. He tasted the hot mixture. It was quite delicious.
7、阅读重点句子
1）. The most popular drink in the world was invented by accident?
世界上最受欢迎的饮料是被偶然发明的。
2）. Many people believe that tea was first drunk by Shen Nong nearly 5.000 years ago . 许多人相信茶是在将近五千年前由神农首先喝的。
3）. A nice smell was produced when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.
当茶叶落入热水中时发出一种很香的味道。
4）. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.
它也讨论了什么地方出产最好的茶叶并且用什么样的水。
5）. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
已确信茶是在六到七世纪期间被带到韩国和日本的


四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）
重点单词
1.nearly adv.几乎，差不多； 2.boil v. 煮沸，烧开；
3.remain v. 保持不变；剩余；4.national adj.国家的，民族的；

重点短语
1. by accident偶然，意外地
2. a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong一位叫神农的中国统治者
3. over the open fire在火堆上 4. fall into the water 落入水中
5. make tea 泡茶 6. take place 发生
7. without doubt毫无疑问 8. the saint of tea茶圣

词语运用
1.remain (v.) 保持；剩余；残余
remain意为“停留，留下”，相当于stay。“呆在那里”可以说remain / stay there，但“呆在家里”只能说stay (at) home。
【备课例句】
She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。
They all wished us to remain. 他们都希望我们留下来。
【横向辐射】remain作连系动词
remain用作连系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)，继续存在，仍旧是”，后面接形容词，名词，分词，不定式或介词短语。
【例句】
She remained sitting when they came in．他们进来时，她仍然坐着(没有站起来)。
Peter became a manager but John remained a worker. 彼得当上了经理,但约翰仍然是一个工人。
Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest. 无论你取得了多么大的进步,你都应一直保持谦虚。
This remains to be proved. 这有待证实。(将来被动动作)
Whether it will do us good remains to be seen. 这是否对我们有好处,还要看一看。
【课堂变式】
The leaves ____in the water for a long time.
A. came B. remained C. lived D. arrived
【解析】根据for a long time可知是指树叶在水中停留了很长时间，正确答案是B。

2. by accident偶然地；意外地
【备课例句】
He made this mistake by accident.他犯这个错误纯属偶然。
【课堂变式】
She found her keys _____when she cleaned her room after she lost them two weeks ago.
A. with mistake B. in this way
C. by accident D. with pleasure
【解析】由when she cleaned her room after she lost them two weeks ago可知她是偶然地找到了她丢失的钥匙，正确答案是C。


3. In this way, you will find the answer to this question.
用这种方法，你可以找到这个问题的答案。
知识拓展
way主要有以下几种用法：
◎表示“方法”，接不定式，...way to do sth这一结构等于...way of doing sth。
Scientists are trying to find ways to prevent(of preventing) disease.
科学家们正在寻找预防疾病的方法。
There are many ways of traveling(to travel), for example, by air.
旅行有许多方式，例如乘飞机。
◎表示“路途”，“路线”，常构成on one’s/the way to...“在……的途中”。在这一结构中，介词to表示方向，后接名词。如果后面接地点副词如here, there, home时则不用to。
I’m on my way home.我正在回家的路上。
She’s on her way to see the film.她正在去看电影的路上。
◎表示“方向”。
Look this way.看这边。
Go that way.往那边走。
◎表示“距离”，“路程”。
Beijing is a long way from here.北京离这里很远。


4. In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660.在英国，茶直到1660年才出现。
此句是由until引导的时间状语从句。not.. until 意为“只到…才…”。
【备课例句】
She didn’t leave until I felt better.只到我感觉好点了，她才离开。
 【横向辐射】until的用法
until常用作介词或连词，用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。
1. 在肯定句中，until与延续性、持续性动词连用，表示“直到……为止”。
I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。
2. 在否定句中，until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用，表示“直到……才……”，“不到……不……”。
The rain didn’t stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。
I won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我，我不会离开。
【课堂变式】
—How was your climbing Mount. Huang?
—I didn’t believe I could do it ______I got to the top.
A. until while C. after D. and
【解析】考查连词用法。not…until…直到……才……。根据句意“直到我爬到山顶我才相信我能做到”可知选A。

五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）
（ ）1. It was invented Edison
A.by B.in C.for D.to
（ ）2. This watch China.
A.was made in B.was made by
C.was made from D.was made of
（ ）3. -- was the car invented? --It was invented in 1983.
A.When B.Why C.How D.Who
（ ）4. it rained yesterday, I still went on a trip.
A. Although B.But C.Because D.And
（ ）5. Basketball by people all over the world.
A.is enjoyed B.is like C.love D.enjoyed
（ ）6. Pens are used for on paper.
A.write B.writing C.to write D.wrote



【教学反思】




【课 题】
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section A 4a—4c
【学习目标】
总结一般过去时态被动语态
【学习重点难点】
运用一般过去时态的被动语态完成相应练习
【学法指导】
观察---总结---思考----运用—巩固练习
【教学过程】

一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）
SA: When was the car invented ?
SB: It was invented in 1885.
SA: When were electric slippers invented?
SB: They were invented last year.
SA : Who were they invented by?
SB: They were invented by Julie Thompson.
SA: What were they used for?
SB: They were used for seeing in the dark.

Thomas /tɔməs/ Watson /wɔtsən/托马斯 • 沃森 p.44

Questions:
1. What invention do you like best? Why?
______________________________________________
2. What invention do you hate a lot?
______________________________________________
3. List as many of them as you can.

“二十世纪最糟糕的发明是什么 ? ”就是人们每天大量使用的塑料袋。 诞生于上个世纪三十年代的塑料袋，其家族包括用塑料制成的快餐饭盒、包装纸、餐用杯盘、饮料瓶、酸奶杯、雪糕杯等等。这些废弃物形成的垃圾，数量多、体积大、重量轻、不降解，给治理工作带来很多技术难题和社会问题。
比如，散落在田间、路边及草丛中的塑料餐盒，一旦被牲畜吞食，就会危及健康甚至导致死亡。填埋废弃塑料袋、塑料餐盒的土地，不能生长庄稼和树木，造成土地板结，而焚烧处理这些塑料垃圾，则会释放出多种化学有毒气体，其中一种称为二噁英的化合物，毒性极大。

二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）
1、拼读、记忆单词
fridge /fridʒ/ n. 冰箱 p.44
translate /trænsleit/ v. 翻译 p.44
lock /lɔk/, /la:k/ v. 锁上；锁住 p.44
earthquake / ə:(r)θkweik/n. 地震 p.44
sudden /sʌdən/ adj. 突然（的） p.44
all of a sudden 突然; 猛地 p.44
biscuit /biskit/ n. 饼干 p.44
cookie/kuki/ n. 曲奇饼干 p.44
instrument /instrumənt/
n. 器械； 仪器；工具 p.44

2、【新词自查】根据汉语提示完成单词。
1. The boy lost his parents during the last year’s earthquake (地震).
2. The students were asked to translate (翻译) the story into English.
3. The police found the lost boy under the destroyed house through an instrument (仪器)。
4. I only have some biscuits (饼干) and a glass of milk every morning.
5. If you can’t eat all these fruit , you may put some into your fridge (冰箱).

3、阅读一般过去时态的被动语态句子，感悟其结构、用法、句型变化。
1. ---When was the zipper invented?
---It was invented in 1893.
---拉链是什么时候发明的？
---它是在1893年被发明的。
2. ---Who was it invented by?
---It was invented by Whitcomb Judson
.---它是由谁发明的？
--它是被惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。
3. The fridge was sold at a low price.
这个冰箱被以低价卖掉了。
4. The students were told not to eat or drink in class. 学生们被告知在课堂上既不吃或喝任何东西。

三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）

完成教材4a-4c的任务
1. 要求学生翻开课本P44，参照4a所提供的信息和例句，用被动语态改写句子.给出5分钟的时限，并请另4位同学在黑板上改写，全班集体核对答案。（5分钟）
参考答案
2. My camera was stolen from my hotel room by somebody.
3. Where were these photos taken?.
4. We are advised by our parents not to go out alone.
5.The book was translated by different writers into different languages.
2.用所给单词的正确形式完成4b句子。给出5分钟的时限，并请另个5位同学朗读句子，全班集体核对答案。
1. were invited 2. were brought 3. was locked, rang
4. were told, broke 5. were eaten, asked
3. 先浏览4c的短文，确定空格处的动词是用主动形式还是被动形式，然后用动词的正确形式填空完成短文。给出5分钟的时限，并请1位同学朗读短文，全班集体核对答案。
1. was invented 2. was born 3. worked 4. learned.
5. was invented 6. was said 7. is used
4. 小结训练。要求学生在规定的时间内完成一个小练习。并请若干学生给出自己的答案。有错误的话及时解决纠正。（2分钟）
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. This instrument is used for playing (play) music in class.
2. How many magazines were borrowed (borrow) from the library today?
3. Edison was a great inventor. He had over 1.000 inventions in his life.(invent).
4.A picture was put (put) on the blackboard before class.
5. Plates and dishes weren’t washed (not wash) after supper yesterday.

四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）

重点单词
1. low adj.低的，矮的；
2.translate v. 翻译；
3.lock v.锁上；n. 锁；
4.sudden adj. 突然的；
重点短语
1. at a low price 以一个很低的价格
2. take these photos 拍这些照片
3. go out alone 单独外出
4. translate the book into different language
把书翻译成不同种的语言
5. all of sudden突然
6. work on 从事，进行
一般过去时的被动语态学习三要素

一、一般过去时的被动语态的概念及构成
一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作，由“主语 + was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 动作执行者”构成，无需说明动作执行者时可省去“by + 动作执行者”。句中主语就是原主动语态的宾语，动作执行者就是原主动语态的主语。was, were的使用由主语的单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词、代词或I时用was, 主语为复数名词、代词they或you时用were。如：
This bridge was built in October last year. 这座桥是去年十月份建的。
These cakes were made by my mother last night. 这些蛋糕是我妈妈昨天晚上做的。
The girl said she was often beaten by her brother. 女孩说她经常被她兄弟打。
二、一般过去时的被动语态句型的变换方法
一般过去时被动语态句型变换应围绕was, were进行，否定形式应在其后加not, 一般疑问句形式应将其提至句首，特殊疑问句形式应将一般疑问句置于特殊疑问词后面，反意疑问句形式应保留was / were。如：
His computer was not stolen by thieves last night. 他的电脑昨天晚上没有被小偷偷走。
Was your homework finished in time yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你及时完成家庭作业了吗？
When was your letter written? The day before yesterday? 你的信是什么时候写的？前天吗？
Why was this problem not worked out by you? 为什么你没有解出这道试题？
Your bike was not repaired last night, was it? 你的自行车昨晚没有被修理，是吗？
三、一般过去时的被动语态疑问句的回答方法
一般过去时的被动语态的一般疑问句形式肯定回答用“Yes, ... was / were.”，否定回答用“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”; 特殊疑问句应抓住特殊疑问词进行回答，可用简略方法，也可用完整方法; 反意疑问句也应用“Yes, ... was / were.”或“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”进行回答。如：
—Was your office cleaned yesterday afternoon? 你的办公室昨天下午打扫了吗？
—Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，打扫了。/ 不，没有打扫。
—Were your rooms painted again last week? 你的房间上周重新粉刷了吗？
—Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t. 是的，重新粉刷了。/ 不，没有重新粉刷。
—When was your brother sent to work in Beijing? 你兄弟是什么时候被派到北京去工作的？
—Last year. / He was sent to work in Beijing last year. 去年。/ 他是去年被派到北京工作的。
—Where was the party held last Sunday? 上周日聚会在哪儿举行的？
—At home. / It was held at home. 在家里。/ 在家里举行的。
—Your debt was paid off at last, wasn’t it? 你所欠的债最终被还清了，是吗？
—Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，被还清了。/ 不，没有被还清。

五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）

1.昨天有人看见他掉进河里了。
He to fall into the river yesterday.
2.什么时候发现新大陆的？
When the New Land ?
3.它们是用来在黑暗中照明的。
They are used for .
4.吉姆直到下午3点才回来。
Jim ________ ______ ______ ______ three o'clock in the afternoon.
5.黑人和英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿。
Negroes and ________like to eat_________ and__________.
6.人们相信，所有学生都已经通过了英语考试。
_______ ________ ________ that all the students ________ already_________the English exam.
7.没有什么能够阻止我们今天下午去钓鱼。
Nothing can ________us _______ ________ _________this afternoon.
8.昨天晚上有几台新电脑被盗了。
Some new computers ________ _________ last night.
完形填空
The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the ___1 and the sun off the people. Most umbrellas can be folded up(折叠), so it is 2 to carry them.
However, the umbrella has not always been as 3___ as it is now. In the past, it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this __4 . "Someone carries an umbrella and walks behind the king or important person.
Umbrellas are very old. People in different parts of the world began to __5 umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago. From there, umbrellas __ 6 to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, __7__ wouldn't use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women.
England was __8 ___ the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain. The weather there is very ___ 9 and umbrellas are very useful.
Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you __ 10 one, thinking that for centuries only great men and women used them, you’ll feel you are important people, too.
1. A. rain B. cloud C. air D. water
2. A. lovely B. cheap C. hard D. easy
3. A. light B. heavy C. common D. special
4. A. way B. size C. reason D. place
5. A. discover B. use C. Examine D. discuss
6. A. walked B. traveled C. rode D. flew
7. A. children B. parents C. men D. women
8. A. probably B. already C. suddenly D. immediately
9. A. sunny B. rainy C. snowy D. windy
10. A. sell B. return C. borrow D. carry


【教学反思】













【课 题】
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section B 1a—1e
【学习目标】
掌握本课单词、短语、句型
继续学习使用一般过去时态的被动语态进行听力训练
【学习重点难点】
1. crispy adj. 脆的；酥脆的；
2. salty adj. 咸的；
3.sour adj. 酸的，有酸味的；
4.customer n. 顾客。
【学法指导】
联系实际谈论食品的性状----观察思考---听说训练—巩固练习
【教学过程】

一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）

在前面的课程我们已经学习并了解了几种有用的发明，它们在很大程度上改变了我们的生活，使我们的生活更丰富多彩。下面提几个简单的问题来回顾上节课的内容：
1. When was the telephone invented?
______________________________________________
2．Can you imagine the life without telephones?
______________________________________________
3．What do you think is the most helpful invention?
______________________________________________
4. What would you most like to invent if you could?
你们知道这个人吗？George，他发明了薯片、薯条。
George /dʒɔ:(r)dʒ/ Crum /krʌm/乔治 • 克拉姆 今天我们一起来了解薯条的发明吧。在这之前我们先拼读、记忆本课的生词。

二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）

拼读、记忆生词
crispy /krispi/ adj. 脆的；酥脆的 p.45
sour /sauə(r)/ adj. 酸的；有酸味的 p.45
by mistake 错误地；无意中 p.45
customer /kʌstəmə (r)/ n. 顾客；客户 p.45
【新词自查】
根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
1. I don’t like lemons because they are too sour.
2. Lucy and Lily are twins. People often mistake them for each other.
3. For a restaurant, customers are the most important.
4. The fish was too salty because my mom put too much salt on it.
5. We often put the food into the fridge to keep it fresh in summer.
难句提前知晓
1. ---Did you know potato chips were invented by mistake?
---I didn’t know that. Who invented them?
---Potato chips were invented by a cook called George Grum.
---我不知道，是谁发明的?
---土豆条是由一个叫George Grum的厨师发明的。
2. The customer thought the potatoes were not thin enough.顾客认为土豆不够薄。
3. Finally he put lots of salt on them so they were salty enough. 最后他在他们上面撒了许多盐以使他们足够咸。


三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）

完成教材1a-1e的任务
1. 要求学生翻开课本P45，迅速阅读1a部分的内容。并按要求完成课本上相应的任务in 1a. 然后要求4名同学给出自己的答案，并进行个读，齐读。（2分钟）
要求学生完成1b部分的任务：Write the name of a different food after each word .然后邀请几名同学给出自己的答案。并把收集的答案列举在黑板上。（4分钟）
参考案例
sweet bananas; crispy chips; salty noodles; sour grapes
3. 听第一遍录音，完成课本上1c部分的任务: Listen and circle T or F. (2分钟)
1．T 2．F 3．T 4．F 5．F 6．T
4. 听第二遍录音，完成课本上1d部分的任务：Listen and complete the sentences. (2分钟)
5. 听力内容巩固训练。要求学生根据所听到的内容完成下列对话。完成后要求若干学生给出自己的答案。以巩固对听力内容的了解。（3分钟）
Do you like potato chips? Do you know how the potato chips were invented? Now, let's listen and fill in the blanks.
Potato chips were invented by mistake. They were invented by a chef called George Crum. One day a customer thought the fried potatoes weren't thin enough and weren't salty enough. So George cut them really thin and cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. And he sprinkled a lot of salt on them so they were salty.
6. 再听录音一次，填空完成对话。
Boy 1: Hey, did you know that potato chips were by mistake?
Boy 2: Really? What do you mean?
Boy 1: Well, here on the bag it says that they were invented by a cook George Crum.
Boy 2: When was that?
Boy 1: Oh, it was back in 1853.
Boy 2: So, why was it an ?
Boy 1: Well, one day, a customer came into the restaurant where George worked. He a plate of fried potatoes. When the potatoes came, he said they were cut too thick and sent them back to the kitchen.
Boy 2: So what happened?
Boy 1: Well, George was angry, so he cut the potatoes really, really thin, and he cooked them for a long time they were crispy. And he put lots of on them so they were really salty. He thought the would hate them.
Boy 2: And?
Boy 1: And the customer loved them and asked for more. He told the other customers about them, and soon everyone
was thinly cut, crispy, salty potato chips.
Boy 2: And we’re still eating them today.
What a cool story!


7.听第三遍录音，并打开听力材料，全班逐句进行跟读。（2分钟）
8. 放下听力材料，要求学生利用1c和1d的听力内容；模仿1e方框所给的对话编造一个有关土豆条的发明的对话练习。然后邀请2-3对同学当堂分角色演示。看哪一对的表现最佳。（5分钟）范例如下：
A: Do you know that potato chips were invented by mistake?
B: I don’t know.
A: They were invented by a chef called George Crum.
B: When was that?
A: It was invented back in 1853.
B: Was it an accident?
A: A customer sent back his plate of fried potatoes because they were cut too thick. George cut the potatoes really, really thin. And he cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. He sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were really salty.
B: Did the customer loved them?
A: Yes, they asked for more. Everyone was ordering thinly-sliced, crispy, salty potato chips.
B: We like them, too.
A: So do I.

9、归纳对话中的短语并翻译、背诵。
be invented, by mistake, on the bag, back in 1853, one day, in the restaurant, send… back, a plate of fried potatoes, be cut too thick, in a bad mood, cut…really, really thin, cook…a long time, sprinkle… on…, hate…, asked for…, tell… about…, thinly-sliced, crispy, salty potato chips, a cool story
四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）
potato chips是一个复合名词，其中第一个名词用作定语修饰后一个名词，这样的例子有很多，又如: alarm clock, telephone number等。
知识拓展
复合名词变复数的规则，你一定要牢记啊！
◎通常只把主体名词变为复数
school boy—school boys(男生) apple tree—apple trees(苹果树)
vegetable sandwich—vegetable sandwiches(蔬菜三明治)
girl friend—girl friends（女朋友）
◎如果没有主体名词，在最后一个名词上用复数。
good-for-nothing—good-for-nothings（饭桶、无用的人）
three-year-old—three-year-olds（三岁的孩子）
◎由man, woman和另外一个名词构成的复合名词，两个部分都要用复数。
man teacher—men teachers(男教师)
gentleman farmer—gentlemen farmers （乡绅）

by mistake 错误地
by mistake 是介词短语，意为“错误地；无意地；不小心地”，指由于错误的判断而千百万的失误，常在句中作状语。
【备课例句】
I took your bag instead of mine by mistake. 我错拿了你的手提包，还以为是我的呢。
Susan forgot her key and locked herself out by mistake. 苏珊忘了带钥匙，误把自己关在门外了。
【横向辐射】mistake...for…
mistake...for…把……错认为, 错把……当作
She mistook him for the professor.她把他错当作教授了。
【课堂变式】
—I’m sorry I’ve taken your dictionary ____ because they have the same colour.
—It doesn’t matter.
A. at once B. by mistake C. in general D. as well
【解析】由because they have the same colour可知是错拿了词典，正确答案是B。

3.George wanted to make the customer happy. 乔治想让顾客开心。
句中的make意为“使得”，happy是形容词，作宾语you的补足语，对宾语起补充说明作用，常用的结构为“make＋名词/代词＋形容词”。
【备课例句】
The bad news makes her sad. 那个坏消息使得她伤心不已。
A boy broke the window. It made the headmaster angry. 一个孩子打碎了玻璃。这使得校长很生气。
【温馨提示】
当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。
I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
【横向辐射】make的其他相关句式
1.“make＋宾语＋n”意为‘使/让某人 / 某物(成为)……”。
【例句】
We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。
We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。
2.“make＋宾语＋do sth”意为“使某人做某事”。 在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式 to 要还原。
【例句】
Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信了。
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
【课堂变式】
What do you think her ?
A. make; sad B. makes; sadly
C. made; sad D. made; sadly
【解析】what 作主语时，谓语动词要用第三要称单数形式，可排除A。再根据“make + sb. / sth. + adj.”确定选C。sadly是副词形式。


一. 用作及物动词时有以下意义:
　　1. 叫;呼唤;叫来 。例如:
　　Call a doctor at once. 快点叫个医生来?
　　I called you but you didn’t hear me. 我喊你,但你却没听见?
　　Call a taxi for me. 帮我叫辆出租车?
　　2. 称(某人)为……,取名?例如:
　　His friends call him Bob. 他的朋友都叫他鲍勃?
　　3. 认为;称为……?例如:
　　We called this a success. 我们认为这是一件成功的事?
　　4. 给……打电话?例如:
　　I called him this morning. 今天早上我给他打了个电话?
　　5. 邀请。例如:
　　Will you call the family to dinner? 你要邀请那一家来吃饭吗?

二. call用作不及物动词时有以下意义:
　　1. 呼;喊;大叫。例如:
　　She called to me for help. 她向我呼救?
　　2. 访问;拜访。例如:
　　A lady called while you were out. 你不在家的时候,有个女士来访?
　　3. 要求。例如:
　　Obey when duty calls. 服从工作需要?
　　4. 打电话。例如:
　　He promised to call at noon. 他答应中午打电话来?
三. call用作名词时有以下意义:
　　1. 呼声;叫声?例如:
　　We heard a call for help last night. 昨晚我们听到呼救声?
　　2. 访问?例如:
　　He made several calls during the day. 他在那一天中拜访了好几个人?
　　3. 电话;通话?例如:
　　I’ve just had a call from Tom. 我刚刚接到汤姆打来的电话?
　　4. 需要;要求?例如:
　　She is a busy woman with many calls on her time. 她是个大忙人,有很多事等着她去办?
　　

四．.call所构成的短语很多，现将在中学课上的常出现的由call所构成短语的意义和用法列出。
(1)call at 指短期访问某地：顺便去某处。
We called at the park when we stayed in the city. 我们在那个城市时顺便去了那个公园。
(2)call on 的意思“正式拜访某人”；此外，它还有“号召”之意。如：
They called on the famous scientist.他们拜访了那个著名科学家。
The Party calls on us to learn from Comrade Lei Feng.党号召我们向雷锋同志学习。
(3)call to “大声呼唤、招呼、呼求”。如：
They called to us for help. 他们向我们呼求援助。
(4)call for 可作“要求、需要、提倡”，还可作“邀约”解。如：
This is a problem that calls for immediate solution.这是个要求立即解决的问题。
I’ll call for you then and we go there together.到时我来叫你，我们一起去哪儿。
(5)call in 有“召来、召请、召进”之意。
You’d better call in a doctor.你最好请一位医生来。
(6)此外，call back有“叫回来、收回”之意；call off有“叫出去、叫走”之意；call after可作“追在后面叫喊”和“以某人的名字命名”之意。



五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）

完成句子。
1.顾客最后终于高兴了。
The customer was happy .
2.这个顾客说这个薯条不够脆。
The customer said that the potato chips weren’t .
3.乔治想让顾客高兴。
George wanted the customer .
4.薯条是一个名Crum的厨师发明的
The potato chips a chef Crum.
5、 昨天这个厨师往鱼上面撒了许多盐。
The lots of salt the fish yesterday.
阅读短文，完成任务。
Can you imagine what Edison’s life was like in the years after he had invented the electric lamp?Many things had to be invented and built before the electric lamp could really be used by all. Everything that was needed had to be thought of and built by Edison and the men who worked with him. There was no place where they could buy the things they needed. Edison made 360 inventions more in order to send electric power to wherever it was wanted. Edison directed (管理) all the work himself: testing new machines, pulling wires under ground, fixing lights, and so on. He seemed to be everywhere at the same time. He wanted his men to do as much work as he did. But he never asked them to do things that he himself would not do or could not do. He had never thought much about regular hours for sleep; he often forgot completely about sleeping. He slept for a few minutes at a time, in the middle of the night, in an underground room at his power station, with a metal box as his bed. During these days, he almost never saw his wife and children. Everyone probably expected that Edison enjoyed his success when his work was completed. However, he did not notice at all the money and honor he received, because soon he became interested in other ideas.
(　　)1.After Edison invented the electric lamp, he ________.
A.did nothing B.built many things
C.stopped inventing things D.needed nothing
(　　)2.Who thought of and built everything which was needed?
A.Edison. B.The men. C.His wife. D.His children.
(　　)3.Edison never asked his men to do ________.
A.as much work as he did B.what he would do
C.what he could do D.what he would not do or couldn’t do
(　　)4.Edison had never thought much about regular hours for sleep. It means ________.
A.Edison never forgot about sleeping
B.Edison often kept regular hours for sleeping
C.Edison never kept regular hours for sleeping
D.Edison sometimes forgot about sleeping
(　　)5.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.Edison became interested in money.
B.Edison liked money and honor.
C.Edison was a great inventor.
D.Edison was a great businessman.


【教学反思】








【课 题】
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section B 2a—2e
【学习目标】
掌握本课单词、短语、句型。了解篮球的发明过程。激发发明的欲望。
1. Canadian 加拿大的， 2. divide v. 分开，分散；
3. hero n 英雄，男主角； 4. professional adj. 职业的，专业的；
【学习重点难点】
掌握重点短语。能读懂含有一般过去时态被动语态的短文并完成相应练习。
1. a much-loved and active sport一个深受喜爱并且积极的运动
2. divide…into把…分开 3. work together配合，合作
4. at the same time同时 5.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
6. dream of doing sth梦想做某事 7. look up to钦佩，仰慕
8. the professional basketball groups职业篮球机构
【学法指导】
MIND-MAPPING
Changing the information you read into a “word tree/map”may help you remember it more easily.

【教学过程】

一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）

你知道这个人吗？快速阅读课文，找出其事迹。
James /dʒeimz/ Naismith /naismiθ/詹姆斯 • 奈史密斯
本课时的主要内容是一篇关于篮球发展历史的短文，在学习短文之前教师可准备几个与短文内容相关的问题，然后邀请几位同学就提出的问题给出自己的答案或见解。（4分钟）
Questions:
Do you like basketball? Do you watch basketball game? How much do you know about this sports?______________________________________

二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）
拼读生词、记忆生词
Canadian /kəneidiən/ a. /n.加拿大/人的 p.46
divide /divaid/ v. 分开；分散 p.46
divide ... into 把⋯⋯分开 p.46
purpose /pə:(r)pəs/ n. 目的；目标 p.46
basket /ba:skit/ n. 篮；筐 p.46
the Olympics /əulimpiks/ 奥林匹克运动会p.46
look up to 钦佩；仰慕 p.46
hero /hiərəu/ n. 英雄；男主角 p.46
Berlin /bə:lin/ 柏林（德国城市） p.46
NBA (National Basketball Association)
国家篮球协会 （美国职业篮球联赛） p.46
CBA (China Basketball Association)
中国篮球协会（中国职业篮球联赛） p.46
【新词自查】根据句意和提示完成句子。
1. He is always taking an active (积极的) part in the activities of his class.
2. We were divided (划分) into eight groups by our teacher last week.
3. The little boy dreams of becoming a professional (职业的) football player.
4. Yue Fei was a national hero（英雄）in old Chinese history.
5. These apples were picked by hand and were packed with baskets (篮子).
课文短语提前勾画、理解
travel around…, notice a very popular activity, a much-loved and active sport, be enjoyed by…, for fun and exercise, a little more than…, be played by…, in over 200 countries, be played in…, be invented by…, be born in…, at college, invent a new game, be played indoors, during the long winters, create a game, be played on a hard wooden floor, the safety of …, knock into…, fall down, divide… into…, teach… how to play…, get a ball into…, a net hanging from…, shoot from below…, be used for …, guide…into…, move towards…, throw…to…, on December 21st, 1891, in history, in 1936, in Berlin, an Olympic event, a team from China, take part, used… to help develop the game, at home, since then, rise worldwide, become a more popular sport, dream of becoming famous basketball players.
课文较难句子提前理解
1. It is over100 years old and is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries.它有一百多年并且在二百多个国家有一亿多人都在打篮球。
2. It’s believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21,1891.已确信历史上的第一次篮球赛是在1891年12月21日进行的。
3. Dr. Naismith created a game to be played inside on a hard floor.
Dr. Naismith创造了一个可在室内坚硬地板上玩的游戏。
4. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.
5. 今天，随着许多年青人梦想成为著名的球员，篮球在全世界的受欢迎程度得到上升。
5. Basketball has not only become a popular to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch. 篮球不仅已成为受欢迎的比赛运动，而且已成为受欢迎的观赏运动。

三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）

1. 要求学生快速默读短文，熟知大意，并找出各段的主题大意。 然后邀请几位同学给出自己的答案，全班一起检查讨论。（3分钟）
Paragrphs
Main ideas
Paragrph 1

Paragrph 2

Paragrph 3

Paragrph 4


2. Skim the passage. Which paragraphs are about the popularity of basketball?
3.快速阅读短文，回答所给出的问题。
参考案例
1. How old is the sport of basketball?It's a little over 100 years old.
2. When was it invented?It was invented in 1861.
3. When was the first basketball game in history played?
On December 21st, 1891.
4. Why were the Berlin Olympics important for basketball?
Because it became an Olympic event in Berlin.
5. What do many Chinese play basketball for?
They play it for fun and exercise.

4. 朗读课文。先邀请几位同学阅读短文（可一人一段），教师要注意语音，及时纠正。然后播放录音，全班同学一起跟读。（3分钟）

Step 3 完成教材2c-2e的任务
1.让学生再细读短文, 完成2c的所给的记忆图，并适当添加其他信息。（3分钟）
2.借助2c的信息记忆图和你的同伴一起利用2d所给的问题一起来总结篮球的发展过程。
3.读课文， 判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)。
( ) 1. Basketball was invented in 1861.
( ) 2. Dr Naismith created the basketball game which was played indoors at first.
( ) 3. Dr Naismith divided all his classmates into two teams to play his new game.
( ) 4. Dr Naismith used the backboard to help the players put the ball into the basket.
( ) 5. Till now, there haven’t been any Chinese basketball players in NBA.
4、 让学生分组先讨论一下你认为一些著名的运动员怎么样，列举一些要成为一名著名的篮球队员有哪些困难。。

四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）
1.divide (v.) 分开；划分
divide …into 意为“把……划分为……” ，be divided into 意为“划分为”。
【备课例句】
This class is too large; we shall have to divide it for oral practice.这个班级太大,我们必须把它分成小班作口语练习。
This river divides at its mouth. 这条河在河口处分岔。
His lecture divides into three parts.他的演讲分三部分。
Let's divide ourselves into several groups. 我们分成几个小组吧。
【课堂变式】
We have d____ ourselves into three groups since this term.
【解析】自从本学期开始就已经把我们自己分成了三个组。have在此是助动词，空格处要填过去分词，再根据divide …into…确定填divided。

2、It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21st, 1891,. 人们认为1891年12月21日是历史上的第一次篮球比赛的日子。
本句中的It is believed that... 相当于people believe that...是“人们相信/认为“的意思，that引导的是主语从句。
It is believed that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.(=People believe that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.)人们都认为到2010年，世界人口将达到七十亿。
【横向辐射】类似的结构：
It is reported that… 据报道……
It is supposed/thought that… 人们认为……
It’s known that…众所周知……
【课堂变式】
我不知道这所学校，但据说是非常好的一所学校。
I don’t know the school, but _____it is quite a good one.
【解析】it is said that

(1)本句中的It is believed that... 相当于people believe that...是“人们相信/认为”的意思，that引导的是主语从句。
It is believed that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.
=People believe that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.人们都认为到2010年，世界人口将达到七十亿。
(2)believe意为“相信”，“认为”，一般表示相信某人是诚实的或某事是真实的，后面可以接名词、代词、从句或复合结构作宾语。
I just could not believe my eyes. 我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。
Scientists believe that whales can live for twenty to thirty years.
科学家们认为鲸可以活二十到三十年。
◎believe可以用于被动语态。
They are believed to have discussed this problem.据说，这个他们已经讨论过了。
特别提示
believe与believe in的含义不同。
◎believe in意为“信奉、信仰”，后面常接表示真理或宗教一类的名词，也可作“信任、信赖”解。
My grandpa believes in Buddhism. 我爷爷信奉佛教。
I can’t believe in his honesty. 我不相信他诚实。


五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）
Mails, games, music, news, chat rooms and shopping! The Internet is part of the way we live today. It’s easy to get onto the Internet. The only thing we need to do is to use a modem（调制解调器） which is used for connecting a computer to a telephone line. The Internet is changing and growing all the time. More and more people have computers and use the Internet. Using the Internet means surfing the World Wide Web(That’s the ‘www’ you always hear about.). The Web has large numbers of websites in it. They are the places you go to get information and do things.
Where do these websites come from? They are made by web designers(设计师). What happens when you click on a word or a picture? You are sent to another page. It’s all because of the web designer. Web designers do a lot of work by using a computer programming language.
Is web design all about computer programming? No. It’s about making something new. Web designers must imagine a lot when they are making a website. It must look good and be fun to use. A big part of Web design is art. They choose the best pictures and colors to make the web site look good. They also write the things that you see on the website. An important part of their job is to share ideas with the website manager about how to design the website well.
( )1. This passage is mainly about ___________.
A. computer programming language B. the web designers’ work
C. the website manager’s work D. the way to get onto the Internet
( )2. More and more people are using the Internet because it’s __________.
A. easy and useful B. beautiful and funny
C. colourful and hopeful D. changing and growing
( )3. It’s possible for us to change websites by just a click because of __________.
A. the modem’s help B. the telephone line’s help
C. the web designers’ work D. the website manager’s work
( )4. The web designers do a lot of work except ____________.
A. making the websites new and beautiful
B. writing things on the Internet
C. doing the computer programming
D. following the manager’s ideas.
答案：B A C D


【教学反思】












【课 题】
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section B 3a—3c
【学习目标】
掌握本课单词、短语、句子。
1. decide on决定，判定 2. come up with想到，想起
3. lead to导致 4. all the sudden突然
5. use someone else’s idea借用其他人的想法
【学习重点难点】
完成写作训练。掌握重点句子。
1. This special pen was invented by Liu Jie. 这个特殊的钢笔是由刘杰发明的。
2. It’s hard to tell who came up with the idea first. 很难断定谁先想到这个主意。
3. They think the inventor used someone else’s idea to create his or her inventions.
他们认为发明家是借用其他人的想法来创造自己的发明。

【学法指导】
观察—思考---运用—巩固

【教学过程】
一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）

A: This special pen was invented by Zheng Jie. It has three colors and it is
used for learning English.
B: How is it special?
A: When the red color is turned on, the pen reads out English as it is moved
along the line.
B: When about the black color?
A: When the black color is turned on, the pen finds out the structure of the sentences
as it is moved along the line.
B: When about the yellow color?
A: When the yellow color is turned on, the pen shows the formation and meaning of
the word as it is moved along the line.
B: Wonderful! Where can I get one?
A: I am the shop owner selling this kind of pen.

二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）
【新词自查】根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
1. These people were divided into two groups according to their ages.
2. Look, a few pear remain on the trees. Let’s pick them.
3. It’s said that the potato chips were invented by mistake.
4. The hot weather made the milk sour.
5. My grandparents often goes shopping with a basket (篮子).

三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）

完成教材3a-ab部分的任务。
1. 根据3a所给表格列举出的内容提示，想出些你不喜欢做的事，
2. 然后想出一些发明来帮助你，然后和同伴进行交流，写出提要。
Think of something that you do not like doing. Then think of an
invention that could help you. Make notes.
Problem: quickly taking notes in class
New invention: a special pen
What it is used for:
Price:

3. 假设你现在是一名商人，根据3a 写的提要以及3b方框中所给的句型、短语

This special pen was invented by Liu Jie. It has three colors and is used for










4. 提示写出一篇描述你的新发明的文章介绍这种新产品并设法卖给你的同学们。
学生完成后评出优秀的作文在班上展示。
四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）
掌握本课单词
1. decide on决定，判定 2. come up with想到，想起
3. lead to导致 4. all the sudden突然
5. use someone else’s idea借用其他人的想法
。掌握重点句子。
1. This special pen was invented by Liu Jie. 这个特殊的钢笔是由刘杰发明的。
2. It’s hard to tell who came up with the idea first. 很难断定谁先想到这个主意。
3. They think the inventor used someone else’s idea to create his or her inventions.
他们认为发明家是借用其他人的想法来创造自己的发明。
五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）

信息归纳。
阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，完成下面表格。
Good morning, everyone! Today I’m going to talk about inventions. Inventions are
created every day because people would like to make life easier. There are famous
inventions like the TV and the bicycle. TV provides us with many different kinds of
information so that we can know more about the world. We watch entertainment programs
to relax ourselves. Besides, some educational programs help us with our study. The bicycle
is very useful, too. We go to school or work by bike. It’s not so expensive that most
of us can afford it.It makes no pollution, which is quite good for our health. Though there
have been many great inventions, I wish to invent a kind of pen which can help us
write more quickly and neatly. When we meet problems in doing our homework or taking
exams, it will tell us how to solve them. That’s all.Thank you very much.

Information Card
Why are inventions created every day?
Because people would like to make life (1)____________.
What can TV provide for us?
TV can provide us with many kinds of information so that we can know more about (2)________________.
What do you think of entertainment programs?
We can (3)________________ by watching them.
What are the advantages of the bicycle?
It’s not expensive and (4)________________.
What does the writer want to invent?
He wants to invent a kind of pen which can help us write more (5)_______ __.


【教学反思】










【课 题】
Unit 6 When was it invented ?
Section B self check
【学习目标】
复习本单元单词、短语、课文
【学习重点难点】
一般过去时态的被动语态的结构、用法
【学法指导】
及时复习—及时巩固
【教学过程】

一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）

1.project n. 项目，工程；
2. pleasure n. 高兴，愉快；
3. daily adj. 日常的，每日的；
4. mention v. 提到，说到；
5.nearly adv.几乎，差不多；
6.boil v. 煮沸，烧开；
7.remain v. 保持不变；剩余；
8.national adj.国家的，
民族的；
9. low adj.低的，矮的；
10.translate v. 翻译；
11.lock v.锁上；n. 锁；
12.sudden adj. 突然的
13. crispy adj. 脆的；酥脆的；
14. salty adj. 咸的；
15.sour adj. 酸的，有酸味的；
16.customer n. 顾客。
17. Canadian 加拿大的，
18. divide v. 分开，分散；
19. hero n 英雄，男主角；
20. professional adj. 职业的，
专业的；

二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）


13. at a low price 以一个很低的价格
14. translate the book into different language
把书翻译成不同种的语言
15. all of sudden 突然
16. by mistake 错误地
17. a much-loved and active sport
一个深受喜爱并且积极的运动
18. divide…into 把…分开
19. stop sb from doing sth
阻止某人做某事
20. look up to钦佩，仰慕
21. the professional basketball groups职业篮球机构
22. use someone else’s idea
借用其他人的想法
1. shoes with special heels
特殊后跟的鞋子
2. hot ice cream scoop
热的冰其淋勺子
3. run on electricity 电动的
4. be used for 被用作
5. the subject for my school
project学校项目的课题
6. our daily lives 我们的日常
生活
7. have a point有点道理
8. by accident偶然，意外地
9. over the open fire在火堆上
10. fall into the water 落入水中
11. take place 发生
12. without doubt毫无疑问



三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）

1. I think the TV was invented before the car. 我认为电视是在轿车之前发明的。
2. ---When was the telephone invented? --- 电话是什么时候发明的？
--I think it was invented in 1876. ---我认为电话是在1876年被发明的。
3. ---What are they used for? ---他们可用来做什么？
---They are used for changing the style of the shoes ---他们可用来改变鞋子的样式。
4. ---When was the zipper invented? ---拉链是什么时候发明的？
----It was invented in 1893 .--它是在1893年被发明的。
5. ---Who was it invented by? ---它是由谁发明的？
---It was invented by Whitcomb Judson. ---它是被惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。
6. ---When was tea brought to Korea? ---茶是什么时候被带到韩国的？
---It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
---它是在六至七世纪被带到韩国的。
7. ---What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for? -这个热的冰其淋勺子是用来做什么的？
---It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream ---它是用来提供真正冷的冰其淋。

完成教材self check 1-2部分的任务。
1. 用方框中所给单词的正确形式完成1部分的短文。设置一个5分钟的时间限制，然后让1位学生朗读短文同时核对答案；
1. invent 2. nearly 3. all of a sudden 4. doubt
5. website. 6. mention

2. 用被动语态改写句子。设置一个5分钟的时间限制，然后让5位学生在黑板上做，同时核对答案；
1. My watch was stolen by someone.
2. Five eggs was used to make this big cake.
3. When was the personal computer invented?
4. We were told not to run in the hallway.
5. The video was taken back to the store.
3.查找更多有关你最想了解的一项发明的信息，然后用下面的提示写句子。
四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）

单元重点词组：
1.被用做…:_________ __________ _________ ________...
2.在我们的日常生活中_________our daily_________
3.有道理______a________
4.被广泛使用be ____________widely
5. 偶然地: by _____________
6. 落入： ______ into
7. 在户外的火炉上:_____ an open air
8. 这样：________ _________way
9.发生，出现_______place
10. …的流行: the__________ of
11.毫无疑问，的确without__________
12.建议某人不要做某事_______sb not to do sth
13.错误地: by __________
14. 不够咸: not________ ________
15. 最后:______the end=_______ ______=________
16. 把…分成…: ________…into…
17. …的目标: the ________ of
18.不仅…而且not_____…(but) _______
19.钦佩，仰慕______up_____
20.鼓励某人做某事____________sb to do sth
21.阻止某人做某事___________sb___________doing sth
22.音符music________________
23. 产生一种很好闻的味道: ____________a ____________ smell
24.不到20分钟in__________ _________20 minutes
25多余；超过: __________ ________=__________
26. 在黑暗中: in the _______
27. ….的数目: ______ number of
28. ….的风格the_________of
29.想出come______ _______
30.实现某人的梦想__________one’s_________
31.突然，猛地all of a_________
32.梦想成为dream______ ________
33.对…重要be__________ ___________
34.带灯的鞋子shoes_____________lights
35.改变鞋的风格___________the__________of the shoes

五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）

写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词。
1.begin 2.take __
3.go __ 4.have
5.make __ 6.buy
7.bring 8.teach _______ _______
9.give 10.leave
11.run 12.see
13.eat 14.prefer _____ _______
15.study 16.paly
17.plan 18.write
19.hear 20.build _____ _________
21.sit 22.get
23.know 24.choose
25.come 26.sleep
27.keep 28.say

7.[2013·陕西] The mobile phone has influenced people's life a lot since it________.
A．invents　　　　 B．invented C．is invented D．was invented
8.[2013·淮安] Many people do not realize the importance of health________ they have fallen ill.
A．until　　B．while C．when D．after
9.[2013·孝感] —Dad, why must I stop________ computer games?—For your health, my boy.
A．play　　　B．to play C．to playing D．playing
10.[2013·北京] Flowers_____ along the road last year. A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted
11.[2013·泰州] —Frog, Mo Yan's latest novel, please!—Sorry, it________ just now. But it will come out again soon.
A．sold out B．is sold out C．has sold out D．was sold out
12.[2013·雅安] —Who designed this game?—It________ by Tom in 1999.
A．is designed B．designs C．was designed D．designed
13.[2013·临沂] —Do you know Earth Day?—Sure. It________ in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.
A．sets up B．set up C．is set up D．was set up
14.[2013·衢州] Lots of food and water ______to Ya'an, Sichuan Province immediately after the earthquake happened.
A．were sent B．are sent C．send D．sent
15.[2013·台州] —You bought a new car! An American car?—No. A Chinese car. It________ in Taizhou.
A．makes B．made C．was made D．will be made
16.[2013·江西] The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France. His new book _____into French as soon as it came out.
A．was translated B．translated C．is translated D．translates
17.[2013·苏州] —Have you heard about that car accident near the school?—Yes, luckily no one________．
A．hurt B．was hurt C．has hurt D．were hurt
18.[2013·广东] It________ last week that the haze (雾霾) in Beijing caused many problems.
A．reports B．reported C．is reported D．was reported

【教学反思】