高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters随堂练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters随堂练习题，共6页。

(建议用时：15分钟)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Unfrtunately, many birds didn’t ______(幸存) the severe winter.
2．I put my phne n charge because it was running ut f ______(电力供应)．
3．He is a very brave man wh can keep ______(镇静的)even in danger.
4．This dr shuld nly be used in an ______(紧急情况)．
5．The cuntry has financial ______(援助) t many African cuntries.
【答案】1.survive 2.pwer 3.calm 4.emergency
5．aid
Ⅱ.用定语从句合并下列句子
1．I have a friend.He likes listening t classical music.
→________________________________________________________________________
2．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress.I lent her the new dress.
→________________________________________________________________________
3．The student’s article was published in the magazine.I knw the student.
→________________________________________________________________________
4．My grandparents live in a huse.It lies at the ft f the muntain.
→________________________________________________________________________
5．Yu referred t the man in the meeting yesterday.I want t knw the man.
→________________________________________________________________________
6．The letter is frm my sister.I received it yesterday.
→________________________________________________________________________
7．The train was late.It was ging t Nanning.
→________________________________________________________________________
8．I want t talk t the bys.Their hmewrk hasn’t been handed in.
→________________________________________________________________________
9．The by is my brther.He was here a minute ag.
→________________________________________________________________________
10．The tree is quite tall.He is climbing it.
→________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1．I have a friend wh likes listening t classical music.
2．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress (that/which) I lent her.
3．I knw the student whse article was published in the magazine.
4．My grandparents live in a huse which/that lies at the ft f the muntain.
5．I want t knw the man (whm/wh/that) yu referred t in the meeting yesterday.
6．The letter (that/which) I received yesterday is frm my sister.
7．The train that/which was ging t Nanning was late.
8．I want t talk t the bys whse hmewrk hasnt been handed in.
9．The by wh/that was here a minute ag is my brther.
10．The tree (that/which) he is climbing is quite tall.
Ⅲ.微写作
我父亲在离我们家不远的一家医院工作。我的母亲是一个家庭主妇，经常给我们做好吃的饭菜。我姐姐在北京大学学习，她的专业是中国文学。我有几个喜欢打篮球的好朋友。
________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：
My father wrks in a hspital which/that is nt far frm ur hme.My mther is a husewife wh ften cks delicius dishes fr us.My sister studies in Peking University, whse majr is Chinese Literature.I have several gd friends wh enjy playing basketball.
题组B 提升练
(建议用时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
If plastic had been invented when the Pilgrims sailed frm Plymuth, England, t Nrth America－and their Mayflwer had been stcked with bttled water and plastic-wrapped snacks，their plastic waste wuld likely still be arund fur centuries later.Atlantic waves and sunlight wuld have wrn all that plastic int tiny bits.And thse bits might still be flating arund the wrld’s ceans tday, waiting t be eaten by sme fish r ysters, and finally perhaps by ne f us.
Because plastic wasn’t invented until the late 19th century, and its prductin nly really tk ff arund 1950, we have a mere 9.2 billin tns f the stuff t deal with.Of that, mre than 6.9 billin tns have becme waste.And f that waste，a surprising 6.3 billin tns never made it t a recycling bin－the figure that shcked the scientists wh published the numbers in 2017.
N ne knws hw much unrecycled plastic waste ends up in the cean, the earth’s last sink.In 2015, Jenna Jambeck, an engineering prfessr f the University f Gergia，caught everyne’s attentin with a rugh estimate：between 5.3 millin and 14 millin tns f plastic waste each year just cme frm castal regins.
Meanwhile, cean plastic is estimated t kill millins f marine(海洋的) animals every year.Nearly 700 species，including endangered nes, are knwn t have been affected by it.Sme are harmed visibly, stuck by abandned things made f plastic.Many mre are prbably harmed invisibly.Marine species f all sizes, frm zplanktn t whales, nw eat micrplastics, the bits smaller than ne-fifth f an inch acrss.
“This isn’t a prblem that we dn’t knw what the slutin is，” says Ted Siegler, a Vermnt resurce ecnmist wh has spent mre than 25 years wrking with develping natins n garbage.“We knw hw t pick up garbage.Anyne can d it.We knw hw t deal with it.We knw hw t recycle.It’s a matter f building the necessary institutins and systems ideally befre the cean turns int a thin sup f plastic.”
( )1.Why des the authr mentin the Pilgrims in Paragraph 1?
A．T prve plastic was difficult t invent.
B．T intrduce what marine animals like eating.
C．T tell the Pilgrims cntributed a lt t the marine prtectin.
D．T shw plastic waste has a lasting effect n the cean.
( )2.What’s the main truble marine animals face accrding t the text?
A．Lacking prtectin.
B．Being stuck by plastics.
C．Being caught by humans.
D．Treating plastics as fd.
( )3.What des Ted Siegler want t tell us in the last paragraph?
A．Sme peple dn’t knw the slutin t plastic waste.
B．Plastics will turn the cean int a sup f plastic.
C．It’s time t take measures t deal with plastic waste.
D．Peple shuld avid using plastics t prtect the cean.
( )4.Frm which is the text prbably taken?
A．A bilgy textbk.
B．A travel brchure.
C．An envirnmental reprt.
D．A lifestyle magazine.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了塑料垃圾给海洋带来的巨大危害，并呼吁人们积极行动起来，保护海洋环境。
1．D 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者在第一段中提到Pilgrims是为了表明塑料垃圾对海洋有持久的影响。故选D项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，海洋动物面临的主要问题是把塑料当作食物。故选D项。
3．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中可知，Ted Siegler想告诉我们是采取措施处理塑料垃圾的时候了。故选C项。
4．C 题材来源题。文章主要是关于海洋垃圾和海洋生物保护的，由此可推知这篇文章可能来自一份环境报告。故选C项。
★阅读加油站
plastic n．/adj.塑料 visibly adv.可见地
abandned adj.废弃的 recycle v．循环利用
rugh estimate 粗略估算
Meanwhile, cean plastic is estimated t kill millins f marine animals every year.
与此同时，据估计，海洋塑料每年会杀死数百万海洋动物。
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Fisherman Salvadr was just trying t make a living n the sea with fellw fisherman Crdba.Tw days int the jurney, disaster struck, and the tw men wuld begin the greatest challenge f their lives.
The bat was laded with tns f prvisins, including 70 gallns f gasline, 16 gallns f water, 50 Ibs f sardines fr bait(鱼饵)．They als had a mbile phne, kept safe in a plastic bag, a GPS, and a tw-way radi.The tw had never spken befre r wrked tgether, but they liked fishing and bth f them seemed t knw what they were ding.
Tw days later, the weather was getting wrse and wrse.Salvadr was trying t remain calm, but Crdba was nt prepared.He held n t the rail(围栏)fr dear life as the waves crashed arund them, vmiting(呕吐)and crying.When the strm finally passed, Salvadr nticed that they had drifted far away frm land.T make matters wrse, the mtr had stpped wrking.Salvadr called his bss n the radi, but there was n respnse.Even wrse was the fact that the GPS they has brught with them had stpped wrking.
The tw men had been at sea fr tw mnths.While Salvadr had becme accustmed t catching and eating the animals available t them, Crdba’s mental health and physical health had begun t decrease.Once he gt sick frm eating raw seabirds, he refused t eat at all.His wn depressin, fear and malnutritin(营养不良)finally killed him, leaving Salvadr alne n the bat.
One day, after a terrible strm, Salvadr fund the sky was suddenly filled with shrebirds.He knew that he was heading fr land at last.He must have been clse.There, in the distance was a green Pacific atll(环礁)．It lked small and wild, but it was dry land and wuld likely have fd and shelter.
Paragraph 1：
Salvadr struggled until he reached what appeared t be a beach huse.________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：
Salvadr_struggled_until_he_reached_what_appeared_t_be_a_beach_huse. This was a fisherman’s hme.Seeing a weak man heading t their hme unsteadily frm the sea, the fisherman and his wife rushed ut t him and welcmed him int their hme.They had never seen anyne s weak and hungry.They were surprised that Salvadr remained awake and managed t ask fr a dctr befre lsing cnsciusness.Meanwhile they prepared abundant fd and water fr him.
Paragraph 2：
Salvadr was rescued.________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin：
Salvadr_was_rescued.Despite suffering unimaginable hardships, Salvadr had survived his jurney.He has spent 438 days lst at sea and finally he was safe.Sn enugh, he was n his way back hme t E1 Salvadr, where he was reunited with his family.Of curse, he made time t visit Crdba’s mther t tell her the news f her sn’s death.N matter what situatin we are in, prepare fr anything pssible and stick t the last minute bravely.