高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage随堂练习题

课时素养检测一

Unit 1　Period 1

Ⅰ.  阅读理解

A

Garden building is considered an important part of Chinese culture.  Some people say that if you have never walked through a Chinese garden,  you cannot say that you have really visited China. 

Traditional Chinese gardens are located in North China in such places as Beihai Park,  the Summer Palace,  and the Forbidden City.  In larger imperial gardens,  the main buildings are connected by an imaginary(虚构的) line in the middle of the garden on the north-south axis(轴).  Other features of imperial gardens are colored paintings,  man-made hills and lakes. 

Most private gardens are found in the south,  especially in cities south of the Yangtze River.  Private gardens were mostly built at one side or at the back of the houses.  Around the beautiful scene are small open areas with beautiful shaped doors through which visitors can enjoy the sights.  They are open on all sides and are often near the water so that the whole scene can be enjoyed.  Suzhou,  known as the home of gardens,  displays the most and the best Chinese traditional private gardens.  Different parts of it are examples of the garden style of the Song,  Yuan,  Ming and Qing Dynasties. 

The landscape garden contains a number of pleasant natural scenes and some fairy tales.  The ancient Chinese used to call the garden landscape “Jing”,  which means “scene” in English.  Good examples include the ten West Lake Scenes in Hangzhou,  the twenty-four slim West Lake Scenes in Yangzhou and the eight Daming Lake Scenes in Jinan. 

【语篇概述】本文介绍了中国园林建筑的文化。

1.  The passage tells mainly about________.   

A.  an important part of Chinese culture

B.  where foreigners can find Chinese gardens

C.  how to appreciate Chinese gardens

D.  the characteristics of different styles of Chinese garden buildings

【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文第一段第一句是主题句。本文主要讲中国的三类园林建筑: 御花园、私家园林和风景园。

2.  Which of the following is NOT a feature of the imperial gardens?

A.  There is a north-south axis in the centre of the garden. 

B.  There are man-made hills and lakes in the gardens. 

C.  They were built because of some fairy tales. 

D.  They have colored paintings. 

【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第四段可知风景园包含童话故事,  而御花园没有,  故C项表述不正确。

3.  In the third paragraph,  the underlined word “They” refers to ________.   

A.  private gardens　　　 　 B.  beautiful scenes

C.  the houses     D.  rivers and lakes

【解析】选A。词义猜测题。第三段主要讲的是私家园林,  结合“They”所在句子,  可知答案为A。

4.  “Jing” which the ancient Chinese used to call the garden landscape actually means “________” in English.   

A.  well　　　B.  tight　　　C.  garden　　　D.  scene

【解析】选D。细节理解题。由最后一段的第二句The ancient Chinese used to call the garden landscape “Jing”,  which means “scene” in English.  可知,  答案为D。

B

China now has 52 sites included on the UNESCO World Heritage List,  which was established to safeguard unique and irreplaceable cultural and natural sites around the world.  Let’s have a look at some of them,  which may give you some clues on your next travel plan. 

Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor

The Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is located in Lintong county,  near Xi’an city,  capital of Shaanxi province.  A total of 8,  000 life-size terracotta warriors,  chariots and horses,  and hundreds of bronze weapons have been unearthed from it.  Many state leaders and experts worldwide believe that the discovery of the mausoleum is a major archeological find and can be called the eighth wonder of the world,  paralleling Egypt’s pyramids. 

Kulangsu,  a Historic International Settlement

Gulangyu Island,  known in the local dialect as Kulangsu,  is located on the entry of the Jiulong River,  facing the city of Xiamen.  The island was occupied by at least a dozen countries,  including Great Britain,  France and Japan.  As a result,  Western culture grew rapidly there in the 19th century,  especially music.  With such a harmonious blend of Western music and Eastern culture,  Gulangyu is naturally referred to as the “island of music”.  It is famous for its outstanding musicians and musical instruments. 

Qinghai Hoh Xil

Hoh Xil,  which means “beautiful girl” in Mongolian,  is located in the north-eastern end of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.  Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve is China’s largest and the world’s third largest uninhabited area.  Because of the high altitude and fierce weather,  it is impossible for people to live there,  and therefore,  it is a paradise for wildlife and home to more than 230 species of wild animals including endangered species such as the Tibetan antelope,  which is recognized as the National Class Ⅰ Protected animal. 

Huangshan Mountain 

Huangshan,  known as “the loveliest mountain of China”,  lies in the south of Anhui province in eastern China.  The scenic area covers 154 sq km,  and is famous for its peaks,  rocks,  pines,  clouds and springs.  It also has a rich cultural heritage.  Xu Xiake,  a famous traveler of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644),  visited Huangshan twice,  and described it in a poem,  calling it the best of all mountains in China.  Today it holds the same fascination for visitors,  poets,  painters and photographers. 

【语篇概述】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的四个世界上独一无二的文化和自然景观。

5.  Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A.  Qinghai Hoh Xil is the largest uninhabited area in the world. 

B.  Kulangsu was occupied for not less than a dozen years. 

C.  Mausoleum is located in the capital city of Shaanxi province. 

D.  Huangshan Mountain is well known for its magnificent scenery. 

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据“Huangshan Mountain”部分中的“Huangshan,  known as.  .  .  in China.  ”可知黄山以其壮丽的风景出名,  是中国最美的山。

6.  Why is Qinghai Hoh Xil a paradise for wildlife living there?

A.  Because endangered species are well protected there. 

B.  Because it is large in size with beautiful scenery. 

C.  Because it is located on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. 

D.  Because tough weather and environment make no people live there. 

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据“Qinghai Hoh Xil”部分中的“Because of the high altitude.  .  .  wildlife”可知因为海拔高度和恶劣的天气,  人类不能居住在此,  但对动物不能构成威胁,  所以这里成了野生动物的天堂。

7.  Where does the passage most probably come from? . 

A.  A travel guidebook. 

B.  An entertainment magazine. 

C.  A science fiction. 

D.  A history textbook. 

【解析】选A。文章出处题。文章介绍了中国被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的四个世界上独一无二的文化和自然景观,  以供人们旅游时参考。故文章可能是来自旅游指南。

Ⅱ.  阅读填句

根据短文内容,  从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

UNESCO world heritage sites in danger of global warming. 

Some world heritage sites are in danger.  The List of World Heritage in Danger is designed to inform the international community of the condition and to encourage correct action. 

1.  ________ Another one is climate change.  The Great Barrier Reef and the Tower of London are among the UNESCO world heritage sites that will be threatened by climate change in this century,  according to a publication by the UN agency.   

Human-caused global warming will produce droughts and floods across the resulting in floods and rising sea levels as well as extreme weather events over the 21st century.  “The international community now widely agrees that climate change will be one of the major challenges of the 21st century,  ” says the Director-General of UNESCO,  Matsuura.  2.  ________.   

The melting of glaciers around the world is affecting the appearance of world heritage sites.  Since the mid-1970s,  the average air temperature has risen in the Himalayan region,  almost twice as fast as the global average warming.  3.  ________ The continued melting will eventually affect the availability of life-giving water for drinking,  food production,  and balance of ecosystem.   

The report examines the effects of climate change on the marine world heritage sites.  Seventy percent of the world’s deep sea corals are affected by changing conditions related to rising temperatures.  Australia’s Great Barrier Reef was listed as a World Heritage Site in 1981.  In it,  corals turn white and may die due to rising sea temperatures.  4.  ________ Warming in the Great Barrier Reef areas would be in the range of 2 to 5℃ by 2100.  Widespread death of corals will become more frequent on the Australian coast in the coming decades.   

5.  ________ The Tower of London is near enough to the Thames River to suffer flooding.  Founded in the fifth century and spread over 118 small islands,  Venice is threatened by the sea level rise that is projected to result from climate change.  If nothing is done,  Venice could be flooded one day.   

A.  Rising sea levels and flooding due to climate change could have an effect on both the buildings of historic cities and settlements,  according to the report. 

B.  Matsuura calls for an approach to issues of environmental protection and sustainable development. 

C.  As the largest coral reef ecosystem in the world,  the Great Barrier Reef contains 400 species of corals,  1,  500 species of fish and several thousand species of other creatures. 

D.  Armed conflict and war,  earthquakes and other natural disasters,  pollution,  and unchecked tourist development pose major problems to world heritage sites. 

E.  The publication of the UNESCO report follows a 2005 decision by the World Heritage Committee to start studying the impact of climate change on world heritage sites. 

F.  In March 2006,  50 experts on the subject met at UNESCO and in July 2006 they presented the World Heritage Committee with suggestions for management of climate change. 

G.  Rapid melting of glaciers is already increasing the frequency of floods downstream. 

【语篇概述】本文是说明文。文章分析了一些世界遗址面临危险的原因,  并提醒人们对这些遗址进行保护。

1.  【解析】选D。根据下文“Another one is climate change.  ”可知此处说的是世界文化遗址受到威胁的原因。七个选项中,  只有D项符合。

2.  【解析】选B。根据上文可知该段主要说的是由于人类的原因引起的全球变暖和洪水灾祸是21世纪的最主要的挑战。该空前面引用了联合国教科文组织总干事Matsuura的一句话,  故接下来可能与Matsuura有关。故选B。

3.  【解析】选G。上文主要说的是冰川融化影响世界文化遗址的外貌。故该空与此有关。故选G。

4.  【解析】选C。根据上下文可知,  该段主要说的是澳大利亚大堡礁里的许多珊瑚虫因海水温度升高而死亡的现象。故C项与上下文衔接恰当。

5.  【解析】选A。根据下文可知,  该段主要说的是洪灾对伦敦塔和历史名城威尼斯的影响。故该空与洪灾有关。故选A。

【素养培优】

　　Read the passage on textbook P4 again and write a summary with about 60 words. 

【参考范文】

In the 1950s,  the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam,  Aswan Dam,  but had to protect some temples and cultural relics,  which later were rescued by Egypt and other 50 countries within 20 years at the cost of $80 million.  This project proved that if a problem seems too difficult for a single nation,  the global community can provide a solution.