牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Project教案

《英语》（选择性必修·第三册）

Unit 2 Out of this world

Project

I. Learning objectives

By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

1. be familiar with names and positions of the seven planets;

2. talk about possibility of living on the seven planets and the moon;

3. learn the core vocabulary;

4. understand the profile How to live on Mars;

5. make a profile on how to live beyond the Earth.

II. Key competence focus

1. Exhibit the students’ imagination.

2. Develop the students’ power of finding problems and solutions.

3. Improve the students’ writing skills.

III. Predicted area of difficulty

1. Dialogue about the possibility of living on the seven planets and the moon.

2. Making an essay on how to live beyond the Earth.

IV. Teaching procedures

T greets the class.

T: Class begins, boys and girls! Good morning/afternoon!

Step 1 AP27 Discussing the seven planets and the moon where humans could possibly live.

1. Identify the seven planets

T: Look at the chart. What is it?

T: It’s the chart of the solar system.

T: What is the first sphere?

T: It’s the sun.

T: Eight planets refer to the eight major planets in the solar system. According to the distance from the sun, they are 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9.  

Answers: 1. The sun 2. Mercury /ˈmɜːkjurɪ/ (水星) 3. Venus /’viːnəs/金星4. Earth 5. Mars 6. Jupiter /ˈdʒuːpɪtə/ (木星) 7. Saturn /ˈsætən/ (土星) 8. Uranus / ‘jʊərənəs/ (天王星) 9. Neptune /ˈneptjuːn/海王星

2. BP27 Discuss the seven planets and the moon where humans could possibly live.

T Work out the dialogue tips together with students.

Sample answers:

W: Can humans live on Mars?

M: It’s hard to do it, because Mars is a rather harsh environment.

W: Would you please tell me more about it?

M: First, Mars has essentially no oxygen in its atmosphere. Hence a human could live for 2 or 3 minutes in the Mars atmosphere. After that, human would die.

W: That’s terrible.

M: Secondly, it is very cold on the Mars.

W: So we would die of freezing and lack of oxygen on Mars.

M: You are right if unprotected. Thirdly, radiation.

W: We need protection against radiation to be healthy and not get cancer.

M: There’re many other problems. For example, the atmospheric pressure is not suitable for humans just like how when you go deep in the ocean the pressure increases.

W: Oh, it’s hopeless!

M: However, humans could live in a protected environment in a heated capsule with source of oxygen.

W: I hear there is currently a mission planned by a private company to send humans to permanently live on Mars!

M: Time will tell if they’re successful.

【设计意图：首先帮助学生认识太阳系八大行星的名称和位置，然后讨论人类殖民的可能性。为后面写作奠定基础。】

Step 2 CP27 Understanding the profile “How to live on Mars”

T asks students to read through the profile and answer some questions.

T: What problems are mentioned in the profile? And how can we solve them?

T Discuss the problems and solutions mention in the profile.

T: The first problem is “radiation” and the second one “dust storm”.

T: We can build permanent shelter to protect against radiation and dust storm.

【设计意图：理解短文How to live on Mars，为下一步写作奠定基础。】

Step 3 Make a profile on how to live beyond the Earth.

T: Which of the seven planets and the moon do you think we can colonize in the near future?

T: Suppose we lived on the moon, what problems would we meet and how could we solve them?

1. Make an outline of the profile.

T: List the problems and solutions.

2. Write the profile. (If time is limited, assign it as homework)

T: Write a short article on how to solve the problems of living on the moon.

Sample answer:

What if we lived on the moon?

Wouldn’t it be cool to be able to live, vacation and work on the moon? Let’s say we do want to colonize the moon. But there are some basic needs that the moon colonists would have to take care of: breathable air, water, power and food.  

Obtaining breathable air, in the form of oxygen, is fairly easy on the moon. The soil on the moon contains oxygen, which can be harvested using heat and electricity.

Water is trickier. There’s now some evidence that there may be water, in the form of buried ice that has collected at the south pole of the moon. If so, water mining might be possible.

If water isn’t available on the moon, it must be imported from Earth. One way to do that would be to ship liquid hydrogen from the earth to the moon, and then react it with oxygen from the moon’s soil to create water. As a side-benefit, the hydrogen can react with oxygen in a fuel cell to create electricity as it creates water.

Power on the moon is an interesting challenge. It would probably be possible to manufacture solar cells on the moon, but sunlight is available only part of the time. As mentioned previously, hydrogen and oxygen can react in a fuel cell to create electricity. Nuclear power is another possibility, using uranium mined on the moon.

Food is also a problem. The first thought that anyone on Earth would have is, “Grow the food on the moon” using chemicals like carbon, nitrogen oxygen, hydrogen, potassium, phosphorous, and so on. To grow a ton of wheat, you’ll have to import all the chemicals not readily available on the moon. Once the first crop is in, and as long as the colony’s population is stable, then the chemicals can be reused in a natural cycle. The plant grows, a person eats it, and the person excretes it as solid waste, liquid waste and carbon dioxide in the breath. These waste products then nourish the next batch of plants.

【设计意图：基于第一、二步的讨论和样本学习，先讨论、后写提纲和短文。】

Step 4 Building core vocabulary

T: Learn the following core vocabulary and finish the exercises.

1. dust

2. shelter

3. constant

4. investment

T: Fill in the blanks with proper forms of the given words.

dust, constant, invent, shelter, invest

1. ________ in hospitals is needed now to match the future needs of the country.

1. Investment

2. The crisis struck the core of the global system, leaving no country ________ from its consequences.

2. sheltered

3. History is much more than the study of ________ old objects and events long past．

3. dusty

4. She thought ________ about her family; she might never know what had become of them.

4. constantly

5. Before bricks ________, people built their houses of wood.

5. were invented

【设计意图：核心词汇学习是贯穿教学的始终任务，教师可以结合本班的学情灵活处理这一步。】

Homework

1. Watch the micro lesson: Six steps for solving a problem. (Optional)

2. Surf the Internet and find more interesting information about how to live beyond the Earth.