Unit 2 English around the World-2022年高考英语一轮复习教材词汇通关（人教新课标）

这是一份Unit 2 English around the World-2022年高考英语一轮复习教材词汇通关（人教新课标），共7页。试卷主要包含了词汇回顾，助记原文，助记译文，根据所给的汉语意思填空，根据所给词的适当形式填空，课文重点词汇的单句语法填空，语法填空拓展提升等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 2 English around the World  一、词汇回顾序号单  词词 义音  标1subwayn.地下人行道；<美>地铁['sʌbweɪ]2elevatorn.电梯；升降机['elɪveɪtə]3petroln.<英>汽油（=<美>gasoline）[ˈpetr(ə)l]4gasn.汽油；气体；煤气；毒气[ɡæs]5officialadj.官方的；正式的；公务的[əˈfɪʃ(ə)l]6voyagen.航行；航海[ˈvɒɪɪdʒ]7conquervt.征服；占领[ˈkɒŋkə]8because of因为；由于 9nativen.本地人；本国人　adj.本国的；本地的[ˈneɪtɪv]10come up走近；上来；提出 11apartmentn.<美>公寓住宅；单元住宅[əˈpɑːtmənt]12actuallyadv.实际上；事实上['æktjʊəli]13basevt.以……为根据　n.基部；基地；基础[beɪs]14at present现在；目前 15gradualadj.逐渐的；逐步的[ˈgrædʒʊəl]16graduallyadv.逐渐地；逐步地[ˈɡrædjʊəli]17Danishn.丹麦语　adj.丹麦的；丹麦人的；丹麦语的 18enrichvt.使富裕；充实；改善[ɪnˈrɪtʃ]19vocabularyn.词汇；词汇量；词表[vəˈkæbjʊləri]20make use of利用；使用 21spellingn.拼写；拼法[ˈspelɪŋ]22latteradj.较后的；后半的；（两者中）后者的[ˈlætə]23identityn.本身；本体；身份[aɪˈdentɪti]24fluentadj.流利的；流畅的[ˈfluːənt]25fluentlyadv.流利地；流畅地 26Singapore新加坡（东南亚国家）[ˌsɪŋgəˌpɔː]27Malaysian.马来西亚（东南亚国家）；马来群岛[mə'leɪʒə]28such as例如……；像这种的 29frequentadj.频繁的；常见的[ˈfriːkwənt]30frequentlyadv.常常；频繁地 31usagen.使用；用法；词语惯用法[ˈjʊːsɪdʒ]32commandn.&vt.命令；指令；掌握[kəˈmɑːnd]33requestn.&vt.请求；要求[rɪˈkwest]34dialectn.方言[ˈdaɪəlekt]35expressionn.词语；表示；表达[ɪks'preʃən]36midwesternadj.中西部的；有中西部特性的[mɪd'westən]37Africanadj.非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的[ˈæfrɪkən]38Spanishadj.西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的　n.西班牙人；西班牙语[ˈspænɪʃ]39play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与 40easternadj.东方的；东部的[ˈiːst(ə)n]41southeasternadj.东南方的；来自东南的[saʊθˈiːst(ə)n]42northwesternadj.西北方的；来自西北的[nɒːθ'westən]43recognizevt.辨认出；承认；公认[ˈrekəɡnaɪz]44lorryn.<英>卡车(=<美>truck)[ˈlɒri]45accentn.口音；腔调；重音[ˈæksənt]46straightadv.直接；挺直　adj.直的；笔直的；正直的[streɪt]47blockn.街区；块；木块；石块[blɒk]48cabn.出租车　[kæb]二、助记原文Actually all language frequently change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. The old English was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Gradually, England was ruled by Danish and French, then these conquerors enriched English vocabulary. So a wider vocabulary could be made use of in many occasions. After that, people from England made voyages to other parts of the world and because of that, different kinds of English came up, such as Australia English and American English and so on. The latter(American English) gave a separate identity in spelling, for example, underground, elevator, petrol, flat, lorry, taxi and street are British English, but subway, lift, gas, apartment, truck, cab and block are American English. However, native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in the world. For example, in Asia Singapore and Malaysia have a large number of fluent English speakers and use English as an official language.When people use expressions and usages different from the “standard language”, it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. There are quite different in command and request. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. By accents, people can be straight recognized where they are from.三、助记译文事实上，当各种文化相互碰撞和交流时，所有的语言就会经常改变和发展。比起我们现在所说的英语，古英语更多是基于德语。渐渐地，英国被丹麦和法国所统治，接着这些占领者丰富了英语的词汇。所以在许多场合可以使用更加广泛的英语词汇。这那之后，英国人开始航海去世界的其他地方。正因为如此，不同种类的英语就出现了，比如有澳大利亚英语和美国英语等等。后者（美国英语）在拼写上体现了不同的特色，例如，underground, elevator, petrol, flat, lorry, taxi and street是英国英语，而subway, lift, gas, apartment, truck, cab and block却是美国英语。然而，以英语为母语的人即使他们讲得不是同一种英语，他们也能相互理解。现在，在世界上英语也做为一门外语或者第二种语言。例如，在亚洲，新加坡和马来西亚就有大量的人会讲一口流利的英语，而且他们也把英语当作官方语言。当人们所用的词汇和习惯用语不同“标准英语”时，它就被称作方言。美国英语中有许多方言，特别有中西部美语、南方美语和非裔美语以及西班牙方言。在命令和请求上有相当大的不同。地理位置在形成方言中也起到了一个重要的作用。通过口音，人们可以直接认出他们是从哪里来。 四、根据所给的汉语意思填空____1___（事实上） all language ___2____（经常地） change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. The old English was ___3____（基于） more on German than the English we speak at present. ___4____（逐渐地）, England was ruled by Danish and French, then these ___5____ （征服者）___6____（丰富） English ___7____（词汇）. So a wider vocabulary could be ___8____ _______ _______ （使用）in many occasions. After that, people from England made ____9___（航海） to other parts of the world and because of that, different kinds of English ___10____ _______（出现）, ___11____ _______（例如） Australia English and American English and so on. The ___12____（后者）(American English) gave a separate ___13____（身份） in ___14____（拼写）, for example, underground, elevator, petrol, flat, lorry, taxi and street are British English, but subway, lift, gas, apartment, truck, cab and block are American English. However, ___15____（本国的） English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in the world. For example, in Asia Singapore and Malaysia have a large number of ____16___（流利的） English speakers and use English as an ___17____（官方的） language.When people use ___18____（词语） and ___19____（习惯用语） different from the “standard language”, it is called a___20____（方言）. American English has many dialects, especially the ___21____（中西部的）, southern, ____22___（非洲的） American and Spanish dialects. There are quite different in __23_____（命令） and ___24____（请求）. Geography also ___25____ _______ _______ _______（扮演着一个角色） making dialects. By ___26____（口音）, people can be___27____（直接地） ___28____（认出） where they are from.【答案】1. Actually  2.frequently  3.based   4. Gradually  5.conquerors6. enriched  7. vocabulary  8.made use of  9. voyages  10. came up11. such as  12. latter   13. identity  14. spelling  15. native16.fluent   17. official  18. expressions 19. usages  20. dialect21. Midwestern 22. African  23. command  24. request  25. plays a part in26. accent  27. straight  28. recognized五、根据所给词的适当形式填空___1____（actual） all language ___2____(fequent) change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. The old English was ___3____(base) more on German than the English we speak at present. ___4____(gradual), England was ruled by Danish and French, then these ___5____(conquer) ____6___(rich) English vocabulary. So a wider vocabulary could be made use of in many occasions. After that, people from England made___7____(voyage) to other parts of the world and because of that, different kinds of English came up, such as Australia English and American English and so on. The ____8___(late)(American English) gave a separate identity in ___9____(spell), for example, underground, elevator, petrol, flat, lorry, taxi and street are British English, but subway, lift, gas, apartment, truck, cab and block are American English. However, ___10____(nation) English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in the world. For example, in Asia Singapore and Malaysia have a large number of ___11____(fluency) English speakers and use English as an ___12____(office) language.When people use ___13____(express) and ___14____(usage) different from the “standard language”, it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, ___15____(Africa) American and Spanish dialects. There are quite different in command and request. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. By accent, people can be ____16___(straight) ___17____(recognize) where they are from.【答案】1. Actually  2.frequently  3.based   4. Gradually  5.conquerors6. enriched  7.voyages  8. latter   9. spelling  10. native11.fluent   12. official  13. expressions 14. usages  15. African16. straight  17. recognized六、课文重点词汇的单句语法填空1. My dream is to make a _______ (航行) around the world in a hot air balloon.2. He speaks with a strong _______(口音).3. Production in the factories stopped because of _______(频繁的) power failures.4. The public are _______(要求) not to throw waste paper in the park.5. You can find much information available on the _______(官方的) website.6. Growing vegetables looks easy, but _______(实际上) there is a lot to learn.7. I think the _______(后者) is much better than the former.8. It was his first visit to his _______(出生地的) country since 1998.9. Reading will increase your _______(词汇量).10. Go _______(笔直地) ahead until you come to a bank. You wouldn’t miss it.11. As is known to all, education is a _______ process, and people are _______ aware of its importance.(gradual)12. The speaker_______ himself correctly in English with the help of his rich facial _______ and body language. (express)13. He had changed so much that you couldn’t _______ him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond _______.(recognize)14. _______ in French is required for this job and Mary speaks French more _______ than native French speakers. (fluent)15. After we drove straight for _______, we were_______ by a _______ of stone on the road.(block)【答案】1. voyage  2. accent  3. frequent  4. requested  5. official6. actually 7. latter  8. native   9. vocabulary  10. straight11. gradual, gradually  12. expressed, expressions   13. recognize, recognition14. Fluency, fluently  15. blocks, blocked; block七、语法填空拓展提升The traditional Chinese name chop(名章) or seal has been used for thousands of years.___1____ is quite likely that people began using name chops because Chinese characters are so complex and few people in ancient times ___2____ (be) able to read and write. In addition, chops date back to a time ____3___ there was no other form of ___4____(identify) such as ID cards.A chop also served as a valid signature. All official ___5____(document) in China needed a chop to be valid. Today, most Chinese are educated, but the tradition ___6____(keep) alive in China.If you spend any length of time in China, you will almost ___7____(certain) need to have a chop. If you’re staying a short time, a chop makes a(n) ___8____(amaze) souvenir. A chop can be made quickly, but first you will need to have your name___9____(translate) into Chinese characters.There are many different sizes and styles of chops. Inexpensive small chops can be carved__10_____wood or plastic----upmarket chops and make from ivory, jade, marble or steel. Only a special type of slow-drying red ink is used for a name chop, so if you buy a chop in China, get an inkpad(印泥盒) too.【答案与精析】文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统名章的由来及其给人们生活带来的便利。It，考查代词。固定句型It is likely that…意为“可能…”，其中it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。注意首字母大写。were，考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据“ancient times”可知，此处应用一般过去时，且主语“few people”是复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。when, 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句。先行词是“a time”，定语从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导。identification, 考查词性转换。介词of后面应接名词，identification意为“身份证明”。documents, 考查名词的单复数。document是可数名词，和all搭配时，应用其复数形式。is kept, 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处的时态应和上文中的“are educated”一致，为一般现在时，且主语“tradition”和动词keep是被动关系；主语tradition为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。certainly, 考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词“need”。amazing, 考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词“souvenir”，表示“令人惊讶的纪念品”。translated, 考查非谓语动词。固定结构have+ sth.+宾语补足语，意为“让某事…”，且主语“your name”和动词translate是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。from, 考查介词。固定短语be carved from意为“由某物雕刻而成”。