Unit 4 Earthquakes-2022年高考英语一轮复习教材词汇通关（人教新课标）

这是一份Unit 4 Earthquakes-2022年高考英语一轮复习教材词汇通关（人教新课标），共7页。试卷主要包含了词汇回顾，助记原文，助记译文，根据所给的汉语意思填空，根据所给词的适当形式填空，课文重点词汇的单句语法填空，语法填空拓展提升等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 4 Earthquakes 一、词汇回顾序号单  词意  思音  标1earthquaken.地震['ɜːθkweɪk]2quaken.地震[kweɪk]3right away立刻；马上 4welln.井[wel]5crackn.裂缝；噼啦声　vt.&vi.（使）开裂；破裂[kræk]6smellyadj.发臭的；有臭味的[ˈsmeli]7pipen.管；导管[paɪp]8burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂；爆发　n.突然破裂；爆发[ˈbɜːst]9millionn.百万['mɪljən]10eventn.事件；大事[ɪ'vent]11as if仿佛；好像[əz'ɪf]12at an end终结；结束 13nationn.民族；国家；国民[ˈneɪʃ(ə)n]14canaln.运河；水道[kəˈnæl]15steamn.蒸汽；水汽[stiːm]16dirtn.污垢；泥土[dɜːt]17ruinn.废墟；毁灭　vt.使破产；毁灭[ˈruːɪn]18in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 19sufferingn.苦难；痛苦[ˈsʌfərɪŋ]20extremeadj.极度的[ɪkˈstriːm]21injurevt.损害；伤害[ˈɪndʒə]22survivorn.幸存者；生还者；残存物[səˈvaɪvə]23destroyvt.破坏；毁坏；消灭[dɪˈstrɔɪ]24brickn.砖；砖块[brɪk]25damn.水坝；堰堤[dæm]26trackn.轨道；足迹；痕迹[træk]27uselessadj.无用的；无效的；无益的[ˈjuːslɪs]28shockvt.&vi.（使）震惊；震动　n.休克；打击；震惊[ʃɒk]29rescuen.&vt.援救；营救[ˈreskjuː]30trapvt.使陷入困境　n.陷阱；困境[træp]31electricityn.电；电流；电学[ɪlekˈtrɪsɪti]32disastern.灾难；灾祸[dɪˈzɑːstə]33dig out发现；掘出 34buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏[ˈberi]35minen.矿；矿山；矿井[maɪn]36minern.矿工 37sheltern.掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处[ˈʃeltə]38a (great) number of许多；大量的 39reportern.记者[rɪˈpɔːtə]40damagen.&vt.损失；损害[ˈdæmɪdʒ]41frightenvt.使惊吓；吓唬['fraɪtən]42frightenedadj.受惊的；受恐吓的['fraɪtnd]43frighteningadj.令人恐惧的 44congratulationn.祝贺；（复数）贺词[kənˌgrætjʊ'leɪʃən]45judgen.裁判员；法官　vt.断定；判断；判决[dʒʌdʒ]46sincerelyadv.真诚地；真挚地[sɪn'sɪrli/-'sɪəl-]47expressvt.表示；表达　n.快车；速递[ɪks'pres]48outlinen.要点；大纲；轮廓[ˈaʊtlaɪn]49headlinen.报刊的大字标题[ˈhedlaɪn]50cyclistn.骑自行车的人　[ˈsaɪklɪst]二、助记原文A reporter is writing an outline of an article about the public welfare activities to express the sincere congratulations. The headline is Cyclists Ready to Go on the Road for Disaster-Hit Areas. This time they will leave for the Dangshan City, where a deadly earthquake once took place. At that time, before the earthquake, there were strange things happening, such as the water in wells rising and falling, walls and canals cracking, the smelly steam in pipes bursting and so on, through which people should have judged that there would be an unusual event happening. However, millions of people thought little of them. Suddenly, the frightening earthquake destroyed the city, which lay in ruins. It seemed as if the world was at an end. Bricks and dirt covered the ground, two dams fell, the electricity was cut and the railway tracks became useless. People were shocked because a great number of them died or were injured. The suffering of the people was extreme. Fortunately, the nation took action right away. The rescue got there in time to help build shelters for survivors, dig out the trapped and bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the miners were rescued from the coal mines there. The damage was really great.三、助记译文为了表达真诚的祝愿，一名记者正在写一篇关于公益活动的文章纲要。这篇文章的标题就是——前往曾经受灾地区的自行车手们。这一次他们将前往唐山市，在那里曾经发生过一场致命的地震。在那时，就在地震之前，发生了一些奇怪的事，比如井里的水忽上忽下，墙壁和隧道开裂，水管里爆发出难闻的气味等等，通过这一切人们本应该判断出将会有不同寻常的事发生的。然而，成百上千万的人却忽略。突然之间，一场可怕的地震毁灭了这座城市，使它夷为平地。似乎整个世界到了尽头。地上铺满了砖土，两座大坝塌了，电力也被切断了，铁轨变成一堆废铁。因为大量的人死去或是受伤，大家完全被震住了。人们的伤痛是巨大的。不过幸运的是，国家迅速行动起来。救援队伍及时赶到帮助幸存者搭建临时避难所，挖出被困的人以及埋葬死者。在这个城市的北部，大部分的矿工也从煤矿里获救。损失真得十分巨大。四、根据所给的汉语意思填空A    1   （记者） is writing an   2    （大纲） of an article about the public welfare activities to express the   3    （真诚的）   4   （祝贺）. The     5    （大字标题） is   6    （自行车手） Ready to Go on the Road for   7   （灾难）-Hit Areas. This time they will leave for the Dangshan City, where a deadly   8   （地震） once took place. At that time, before the earthquake, there were strange things happening, such as the water in   9   （水井） rising and falling, walls and   10   （隧道） cracking, the   11   （发臭的）   12    （气体） in   13    （管道）    14   （爆裂） and so on, through which people should have   15   （判断） that there would be an unusual    16   （事件） happening. However,    17   （百万） of people thought little of them. Suddenly, the    18  （可怕的） earthquake   19  （毁灭） the city, which lay   20          （成为废墟）. It seemed   21          （似乎） the world was   22                  （结束）. Bricks and dirt covered the ground, two dams fell, the    23   （电力） was cut and the railway tracks became    24   （毫无用处）. People were  25    （震惊） because    26                        （大量） them died or were    27   （受伤）. The   28    （痛苦） of the people was    29   （极端的）. Fortunately, the nation took action    30          （立刻）. The    31   （救援） got there in time to help build    32   （避难所） for   33   （幸存者）,   34           （挖出） the    35   （受困的人） and   36    （埋葬） the dead. To the north of the city, most of the   37    （矿工） were rescued from the coal mines there. The   38    （损失） was really great.【答案】1.reporter 2. outline   3. sincere  4. congratulations  5. headline  6. Cyclists7.Disaster 8. earthquake  9. wells  10. canals   11. smelly  12. steam13.pipes  14. bursting  15. judged 16.event   17. millions  18. frightening19.destroyed 20. in ruins  21. as if  22. at an end   23. electricity  24. useless25.shocked 26. a great number of   27.injured   28. suffering  29. extreme30. right away 31. rescue 32. shelters 33.survivors   34. dig out  35. trapped36.bury  37. miners  38. damage五、根据所给词的适当形式填空A   1    (report) is writing an outline of an article about the public welfare activities to express the   2    (sincerely)   3    (congratulate). The headline is   4    (cycle) Ready to Go on the Road for Disaster-Hit Areas. This time they will leave for the Dangshan City, where a deadly earthquake once took place. At that time, before the earthquake, there were strange things happening, such as the water in wells rising and falling, walls and canals  5  (crack), the   6   (smell) steam in pipes  7    (burst) and so on, through which people should have    8   (judgment) that there would be an unusual event happening. However,     9   (million) of people thought little of them. Suddenly, the   10   (frighten) earthquake   11    (destroy) the city, which lay in   12    (ruin). It seemed as if the world was at an end. Bricks and dirt covered the ground, two dams fell, the electricity was cut and the railway 13  (track) became  14  (use). People were   15   (shock) because a great number of them died or were    16   (injury). The   17    (suffer) of the people was    18   (extremely). Fortunately, the nation took action right away. The rescue got there in time to help build shelters for   19    (survive), dig out the    20   (trap) and   21   (bury) the dead. To the north of the city, most of the   22    (mine) were rescued from the coal mines there. The damage was really great.【答案】1.reporter  2.sincere   3.congratulations  4.Cyclists  5.cracking6.smelly   7.bursting  8.judged    9.millions  10.frightening11.destroyed  12.ruins   13.tracks    14.useless  15.shocked16.injured  17.suffering  18.extreme   19.survivors  20.trapped21.bury   22.miners六、课文重点词汇的单句语法填空1. You should draw up an         (大纲) for the essay before writing.2. She         (遮盖) her face in her hands and began to sob.3. We followed the bear’s         (足迹) in the snow.4. You         (营救) me from an embarrassing situation.5. That balloon will         (爆裂) if you blow it up any more.6. She had set a         (圈套) for him and he walked straight into it.7. The bad weather         (毁掉) their picnic.8. Global warming will lead to more         (极端的) weather and storms.9. Witnesses to the crash say they saw an explosion just before the         (灾难).10. People were desperately seeking         (庇护处) from the gunfire.11. The head master wrote a letter to         her on her good performance and the exciting         encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)12. One of his eyes was         in an accident, but after a timely operation, he quickly recovered from the         .(injure)13. After seeing the         film, the         boy was too         to walk home alone in the dark.(frighten)14. The forest was completely            by the fire. In fact, many species are in danger because of our        of their natural habitat.(destroy)15.He refused to make a         about the situation.          From what he had seen recently, he found it hard to make any comment.(judge)16.The parents were         by the         news that their son needed an operation on his knee, which came as a         to the family.(shock)17.The child who fell into the cave was         from hunger and cold, but no one knew where he was, so         went on.(suffer)These medicine in use are very         to old people, not what you say they are         .(use)The         are trying         the little girl from the lake, but she has no breath.(rescue)【答案】1.outline   2.buried   3.tracks    4.rescued   5.burst6.trap   7.ruins   8.extreme   9.disaster   10.shelter11.congratulation, congratulations 12.injured, injury   13.frightening, frightened, frighted14.destroyed, destruction   15.judgment, Judging  16.shocked, shocking, shock17.suffering, suffering    18.useful, useless   19.rescuers, to rescue七、语法填空拓展提升Eleven-year-old Angela was stricken with a disease involving her nervous system. The doctors did not hold out much hope of her ever recovering    1     this illness. They predict she’d spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair.   2      Angela firmly believed that she was definitely going to be walking again some day.The doctors were charmed by her    3     (defeatable) spirit. They taught her about imaging---- about seeing herself     4    (walk). Angela would work as hard as possible in physical therapy(理疗), lying there faithfully doing her imaging, visualizing her moving, moving, moving!One day,   5  she was straining with all her might to imagine her legs moving again,   6   seemed as though a miracle happened: the bed moved! She screamed out, “Look what I   7      (do)! Look! Look! I can do it! I moved, I moved!”Of course,   8      this very moment everyone   9     in the hospital was screaming, too. It was the San Francisco Earthquake. But don’t tell   10     to Angela. She’s convinced that she did it. And now only a few years later, she’s back in school. On her own two legs. No walking sticks, no wheelchair.【答案与精析】文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。靠轮椅行走的安吉拉，连医生对她的康复都不抱希望，但她始终没有放弃，一次地震让她觉得是她自己的脚动了，并对此坚信不疑，几年后她真的靠自己的双脚重新走进了学校。from, 考查介词与动词的词组搭配。Recover from an illness从疾病中恢复过来。故填介词from。But, 考查连接副词。前面提到医生认为她只能靠轮椅度过余生，后面说到她自己坚信自己有一天会继续走路，所以前后在意思上是转折关系。故填But，在句首注意首字母必须大写。undefeatable, 考查形容词。在名词前作定语，要用形容词；由语境可知，需要表示“不败的”，故填undefeatable。句意：医生为她永不言败的精神所折服。walking, 考查非谓语动词。表示“看见某人正在做某事”是see sb doing，故填walking。as, 考查连词。表示“正当……时”，句意：正当她使尽全力在想象她的腿重新动起来时，似乎发生了奇迹：床动了！故填：as。it, 考查代词。句式搭配：it seems as if/as though…, 意为“仿佛是…”，故填代词it。am doing, 考查动词时态。句意：看！我在做什么！强调动作正在进行，故填am doing。at, 考查介词词组的搭配。at this very moment意为“此刻”，此为固定搭配，故填at。else, 考查不定代词。用于复合不定代词或疑问词后，表示“其他的”，故填else。that/it, 考查代词。句意：但是没有把这件事告诉安吉拉，这件事是指上文提到的“地震”，所以在这里需要一个代词来替代前文刚刚说的地震这回事，故填that/it。