选修8 Module 1 Deep South-2022高考英语一轮复习【名师导航】配套Word教参(外研版·老教材老高考)
展开□polar adj. □penguin n． □Antarctica n． □rainfall n． □gravity n． □inhospitable adj. □flower v． □moss n． □algae n． □lichen n． □meteorite n． □extraterrestrial adj. □rivalry n． □treaty n． □commercial adj. □nuclear adj. □radioactive adj. □via prep. | □lifeboat n． □crew n． □voyage n． □drift v． □ceremonial adj. □glacier n． □magnetic adj. □glare n． □intense adj. □sunglasses n． □suncream n． □severe adj. □eyesight n． □sunburnt adj. □minus prep. □numb adj. □frost n． □clothing n． | □portable adj. □pure adj. □millimetre n． □sunrise n． □sunset n． □daylight n． □isolated adj. □aircraft n． □powder n． □minimum adj.&n. □luxury n． □cosy adj. □dormitory n． □canteen n． □stock v． □laundry n． □conventional adj. □drill n． | □snap v． □tricky adj. □fragile adj. □battery n． □ecology n． □delicate adj. □trader n． □spice n． □jewel n． □befriend v． □tale n． □legendary adj. □reliability n． □obscure adj. □intimate adj. □inhabit v． □spaghetti n． □insight n． |
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Hunters bring in more than 300，000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur. 促销
2．(2020·浙江卷)Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers' memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. 一系列
3．(2018·天津卷)A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. 操练
[单词 拼写·运用]
核心单词 | 语境运用 |
1．state n．状态；状况 2．trap v．储存，留存 3．mass n．块，堆，团 4．balance v．使平衡 5．test n．试验 6．tiresome adj.烦人的；令人讨厌的 7．platform n．平台 8．modest adj.不很昂贵的；适中的 9．emergency n．紧急情况；突发事情 10．privilege n．荣幸 | 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)In Asia, messaging platforms(platform) are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 2．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The tests(test) show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. 3．(2020·江苏卷)Local organizations can adopt them for 1 pound, and install defibrillators to help in emergencies(emergency)． 4．Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped(trap) in powerless highrise buildings. 5．The more learned a man is, the more modest(modest) he usually becomes. |
派生单词 | 语境运用 |
1．explore v．探索；勘探→explorer n．探险者→exploration n．探险；(对某地区的)勘查 2．annual adj.每年的→annually adv.每年地；一年一度地 3．deep adj.& adv.深的；深深地→depth n．深度→deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地→deepen v．加深；深化 4．extreme adj. 极端的，极度的→extremely adv.极端地，极其；非常 5．promote v．促进，增进→promotion n．晋级；增进 6．depress v．使沮丧→depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的→depressed adj.沮丧的；抑郁的→depression n．沮丧；不景气，萧条(期) 7．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头→discouraging adj.令人沮丧的→discouraged adj.灰心的；沮丧的 8．inspire v．鼓舞；激励→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→inspired adj.富有灵感的→inspiration n．鼓舞；启示；灵感 | 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．Listening to his inspiring speech, we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration．(inspire) 2．The lake is over 20 meters in depth．So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(deep) 3．From his discouraged look, I judged he wasn't hired, which was really discouraging．But I still encouraged him to go to other companies to try his fortune.(discourage) 4．We launched a big advertising campaign to promote our new toothpaste, and the promotion succeeded at last.In return for our efforts, all the staff in our department were promoted．(promote) 5．On hearing the depressing news, he felt depressed and soon got into a state of depression．(depress) 6．A team of explorers will explore the valley and the exploration will last 10 days.(explore) |
[短语 理解·运用]
高频短语 | 语境运用 |
1．adapt (to) (使)适应 2．in case of 如果；假使 3．break up 打碎；解体；分开 4．in detail 详细地 5．keep one's promise 信守诺言 6．in charge of 负责；掌管 7．come up with 想出；提出 | 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。 When Mr. Zhang was young, he promised that he would help those most in need of help.Now, he ①keeps his promise．He is ②in charge of a food factory.Once he went to the poorest area of the country, he was shocked at what he had seen there.After that, he ③came up with an idea that he would donate as much food as he could to the people there. |
8．set foot on 进入，到达；踏上 9．on average 平均 10．be fond of 喜欢 11．in the form of 以……的形式 12．come into sight 进入视野，看得见 13．stand out 引人注目，突出，显眼 14．in particular 尤其，特别 | 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。 The moment we ④set foot on the beach, the magnificent view ⑤came into sight.⑥In particular, a huge sand sculpture ⑦stood out from the numerous other sculptures.You'd better keep your kids close if you go there with your children, because there're so many people from all over the country that nobody can move fast. |
[句式 辨识·运用]
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1．现在分词短语作结果状语。 A high mountain range, the TransAntarctic range, runs from east to west, cutting the continent in two. | 雪下了一周，造成了整个地区好几起严重的交通事故。 The snow lasted a week, resulting in several serious traffic accidents in the whole area. |
2.not until置于句首，主句要部分倒装。 Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land. | 直到考试不及格我才意识到已经浪费了很多时间。 Not until I failed in the exam did I realize how much time I had wasted. |
3.the first/second.../the only/last/形容词最高级 ＋名词 ＋to do Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland. | 她总是第一个到办公室并最后一个离开的人，我认为这就是她这么快得到晋升的原因。 She is always the first person to come to the office and the last to leave, which I think is why she has been promoted so quickly. |
1．trap v．储存；留存；设陷阱捕捉；使陷入困境 n．陷阱；圈套；诡计；埋伏
(1)be/get trapped in 被困在……
trap sb.into (doing)sth.诱骗某人(做)某事
(2)fall into/be caught in a trap 掉进陷阱；落入圈套
set/lay a trap for 为……设圈套
be trapped in the burning house 被困在着火的房子里
be trapped into accepting the terms of the contract 被诱骗接受这份合同的条款
walk into the trap laid for him 走进为他设的陷阱
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2018·北京卷)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped(trap) in the mountains for two days.
②The shopkeeper trapped me into buying(buy) their poor quality milk.
③The rescue team tried their best to rescue those miners trapping under the mine. trapping→trapped
[链接写作]——一句多译
因为被困在了电梯里，他上学迟到了。
①Because he was trapped in the lift, he was late for school.(状语从句)
②Trapped in the lift, he was late for school.(过去分词短语作状语)
[联想发散] 表示“被困在……中”的短语还有：be/get stuck in；be/get blocked in等。
2．promote v．增进，促进；提升；宣传，推广，推销(商品等)
[高考原句·2019·天津卷]All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history.
(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位
promote sth.to ...把某物推销给……
be/get promoted 得到提升
(2)promotion n．提升，晋级，促进
get/win/gain promotion 获得晋级
has promoted the quality of life 提升了生活质量
promote the development of the local economy 促进当地经济的发展
wait for the opportunity to get promoted 等待晋升的机会
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2019·北京卷)All our projects aim to promote(promote) the development of poor and remote communities.
②Pupils who pass the test will be promoted to the next higher grade.
③Sharing sports with others may increase the possibility of promoting to your friendship. 去掉to
[链接写作]——词汇升级
普通表达：After many years of hard work, Jack got a higher position in the large company.
高级表达：After many years of hard work, Jack got promoted/promotion in the large company.
3．discourage v．阻止；打消……的念头
[高考原句·2018·江苏卷]Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending — “bad” tables, crowding, high prices — don't necessarily.
(1)discourage sb.from doing sth.劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心
(2)discouraged adj.沮丧的，灰心丧气的
discouraging adj.令人泄气的；令人沮丧的
(3)encourage v．鼓励
encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
discourage him from climbing the mountain 阻止他爬山
not let any failures discourage you 不让任何失败使你灰心丧气
encourage their children to overcome difficulties 鼓励他们的孩子克服困难
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2020·天津卷)How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged(discourage). I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The government encourages farmers to grow(grow) corn instead of rice to improve water quality.
③Yet instead of discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited. discouraged前加being
[链接写作]——词汇升级
普通表达：Both teachers and parents should tell students not to play computer games too much, which affects their studies and health.
高级表达：Both teachers and parents should discourage students from playing computer games too much, which affects their studies and health.
4．in case of 假使；以防
in case 假使；如果，万一
in this/that case 如果是这样/那样的话
in any case 无论如何，总之
in no case 决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
as is often the case 这是常有的事
in case of emergency 在紧急情况下
in case you might fall off 以防你掉下去
in case anything else unusual happened 以防其他意外发生
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2019·江苏卷)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance.
②In that case, eat before the flight, or an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping.
③There is no simple answer, which is often the case in science. which→as
[链接写作]——句式升级
普通表达：He may win the competition.In this case，he is likely to get into the national team.
高级表达：He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team．(定语从句)
5．(教材P3)Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。
[句型公式] not until＋时间/时间状语从句置于句首时，句子/主句要用部分倒装，即：“Not until＋时间/时间状语从句＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋句子/主句主语＋其他成分”，意为“直到……才……”(until后面的从句不倒装)。
(1)not...until/till...“直到……才……”，该句型中主句的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词，强调主句所表示的动作或情景一直到until/till所表示的时间才发生。
(2)until/till用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词通常为延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。
(3)not...until...的强调句型： It was/is not until...that...
[金句推送] Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist related activities in the rural areas.
直到近来他们才鼓励农村地区旅游相关活动的发展。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2017·北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until/till you figure it out.
②Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.
③(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove, I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. unless→until/till
[链接写作]——句式升级
普通表达：He didn't begin to know how important the family was for him until he left his home.
①高级表达：Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.(倒装句)
②高级表达：It was not until he left his home that he knew how important the family was for him.(强调句型)
夯基固本——基础强化
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Don't be discouraged(discourage) by the first failure —try again!
2．His rapid promotion(promote) caused much bad feeling among his colleagues.
3．The firefighters were trying to rescue those trapped(trap) in the burning hotel.
4．She is giving lectures in London to promote(promote) her new book.
5．Parents should encourage their children to overcome(overcome) difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I'll be out for some time.In case anything happens, call me up immediately.
2．Not until he had failed in the job interview did he realize how important confidence was.
3．We tried to discourage him from climbing the mountain without a guide.
4．The old man was trapped into buying a secondhand TV set.
5．Because of his good performance, he was soon promoted to a higher position.
Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。
1．It is encouraged that many young athletes are coming into the team. encouraged→encouraging
2．Take the power bank with you, in case of your telephone goes dead without power. 去掉of
3．It was not until the next day when I found out the truth. when→that
4．Trapping in the thick snow, the truck couldn't move a bit. Trapping→Trapped
5．He got rapidly promotion, and ended up as a manager. rapidly→rapid或promotion→promoted
查缺补漏——知识拾遗
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Tu Youyou is the first woman in China to win(win) the Nobel Prize.
2．There was a depressing(depress) feeling in the office when the news of job cuts was announced.
3．It is said that the exhibition is held annually(annual)．
4．Inspired(inspire) by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.
5．It is extremely(extreme) cold outside, so you'd better put on more clothes if you go out.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It's a privilege for me to say a few words on this special occasion.
2．They were filled with joy when they set feet on the beautiful land.
3．She is in a poor state of health, which worries her mother much.
4．She studied very hard in the college and stood out among the students.
5．After he had explained it to me in detail, I realized that I was wrong.
强技提能——语言应用
Ⅰ.语法填空
Antarctica is a very, very cold place, where the temperature is between minus 21℃ in the summer and minus 78℃ in the winter.The glare of the sunlight is very intense, so if one goes out, he must wear sunglasses and use suncream 1．to protect(protect) his eyesight and skin. What's more, the 2.absence(absent) of daylight lasts 182 days, making life there abnormal, 3.tiresome(tire) and depressing.
Also, the extreme cold and different depths of glaciers in Antarctica make 4.it an inhospitable place, but there are still some plants and 5.masses(mass) of penguins, flying birds, seals, and so on. They have adapted 6．to the special environment. Gases and minerals 7．trapped(trap) in the ice attract many 8.explorers(explorer). To prevent the 9.commercial(commerce) and military use of Antarctica and to keep it free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste, a treaty was made. In fact, it's 10.a privilege for man to inhabit on it, so we ought to befriend Antarctica.
Ⅱ.书面表达
Step 1．要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)
①据说，由于曾经接受过特殊训练，在众多志愿者中表现突出，李明被晋升为一支探险队的队长。
It is said that Li Ming was promoted to the leader of an expedition as he once had special training and stood out in many volunteers.
②李明幸运地成为首批去南极的大学生探险者。
Li Ming luckily became one of the first college students explorers to go to the Antarctica.
③刚开始踏上南极时，他很不适应那儿的环境。
At the beginning when he set foot on the Antarctica, he didn't adapt to the conditions there.
④曾经有一次他和队友们遇到了紧急情况，被困在暴风雪中，在零下30度的野外几乎失去知觉。
Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm.They were almost numb at minus 30℃ in the open air.
⑤他意识到无论如何不能灰心丧气，以防有人在那儿丢了性命。
He realized that he was in no case discouraged in case someone lost his life there.
⑥最终他们得救了。
At last，they were saved．
Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)
(1)用形容词作伴随状语改写句④
Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm, almost numb at minus 30℃ in the open air.
(2)用部分倒装改写句⑤
He realized that in no case was he discouraged in case someone lost his life there.
Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
It is said that Li Ming was promoted to the leader of an expedition as he once had special training and stood out in many volunteers.As a result Li Ming luckily became one of the first college students explorers to go to the Antarctica.At the beginning when he set foot on the Antarctica, he didn't adapt to the conditions there.Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm, almost numb at minus 30℃ in the open air.At that time he realized that in no case was he discouraged in case someone lost his life there.At last, they were saved.
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