2022年高考英语语法填空与阅读科普、读后续写专项训练（一）(有答案)

这是一份2022年高考英语语法填空与阅读科普、读后续写专项训练（一）(有答案)，共9页。试卷主要包含了单句语法填空，翻译句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第1课：高考英语语法填空与阅读科普、读后续写专项训练（一）新人教版重点单词、句型复习（1）第一部分 语法基础（共两节）一、单句语法填空1. I don't think what he said is directly relevant ____________the topic we are discussing.2.He is sure to come; I have persuaded him ____________（join) our reading club.3.The King commanded that the new roads ____________（build) to link castles across the land.4. If trees continue to be cut down at the present rate, it won't be long_________ there are no trees for shade.5.You'd better not phone our manager from three to four this afternoon; he ____________（prepare) for a meeting then.6.In the ___________（absent) of clear goals, we are stuck in daily routine until we become slaves of it.7.Some people always take seriously the ___________（predict) of the end of the world in the near future.8. It's high time that we placed great emphasis ___________ the improvement of food safety.9.WeChat is a great way to keep ___________touch with other people and quickly broadcast information about where you are and what you are doing.10. ___________ （oppose) to developing the nature reserve, the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages.11. The watch is so beautiful and it happens to be 50 per cent off, so I can't resist ___________（buy)it.12.China will safeguard energy security by resource protection, ___________（advocate) green lifestyles and consumer culture.13.We are confident that the environment ___________（improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.14. Explorers who work on scientific research ___________（stand) at the Arctic Pole this time tomorrow.15. Many companies make ___________a rule to send birthday e-cards to their customers.16.These resources are not ____________（vision) or accessible to any other virtual website and, therefore, cannot be shared among virtual websites.17. Young couples will be happy to see their babies blessed____________ good health and intelligence when they are born.18.Kathy picked____________ a lot of Chinese when she was working in Beijing during the summer vacation.19. After they settled down, they immediately set out ____________（work) on their research.20.The two passengers occupying seats were reported to have been banned ____________taking trains for 180 days.21.After she graduated from college, she went to Shanghai, ____________she made great progress and became a manager in a company.22.The new app is designed for people who are constantly on ____________move but don't want to carry a laptop.23. ____________（learn)to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.24.His___________ (make) the same mistake again made his teacher very angry.25.I've got used to the country life, but I don't like it when it comes to shopping and __________（amuse).26.With the popularity of smartphones, people gradually lose their appetite __________ watching television, which makes TV a decoration of the house.二、翻译句子1.自从Tom的父母亲死于冒险之后，Tom一直由他的爷爷奶奶养育着。Tom ________  _________  _______(bring)_____by his grandparents since his parents died of __________.2.那个小说家说 到目前为止他已经已经计划要写一个系列的5本书，这些书都是记录农民们的真实生活。The________(novel)said that he _______ ________(plan) to write a series of 5 books so far, __________recorded real life of farmers.3.据说无论谁没有通行证都不准许参加这个晚会，这难以置信。It is said that _________doesn’t have a _______ _____  _________(permit)to go to the party,_______is _________(believe)4.那个间谍一直监视着这栋大楼，盯着每一个人进出。The spy  ______  ________  ______(spy)____ the building ,_________(stare) _____ each person in and out.5.你还记得那个许多人被鲨鱼攻击的场景吗？Do you remember the ________  _____  ______ many people were attacked by sharks.6.生物学家们一直在寻求好的方式来挽救濒危生物。幸运的是，他们发现了一些有效的方式。________(biology)______ ______ _________(seek)good ways to save the endangered creatures.__________(fortunate),They _______ __________(spot)some effective ways.7.大学毕业之后，Tom去了纽约碰运气，在那儿，他发现了一些好机会。After _______(graduate)from the college, Tom went to New York and _______ _______ ________,_______he spotted some good chances.8．不要瞧不起那些衣衫褴褛的人，相反，我们应该尊重他们。Don’t ________  _______ ________ those who are _____ _____,_____ _____ _______,we ought to respect them..9.任何为考试提前做好准备的人都会得到回报。Anyone ________prepared for the exam _______ of ________ will get ________(reward).10．继续说，我的确是一位好听众，至于你的行为，你最好为之做出解释。_______ ________,I am a good listener,_________.______ _______your behavior, you’d better _________ _________  _______11.到目前为止，好几种新的途径已经被意外地寻找到来解决这些难题。Quite a few new approaches ________ ________ ___________(seek)______ _________to solve the problems so far.12.他向他妈妈撒谎说他病了并且放下他的书包，躺在床上。He ______ _____her mother that he was ill and _____ ______his bag ,______in bed.      第二部分 综合能力（共两节）第一节        语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）01疫苗安全：疫苗如何获得批准？ After a year which resulted in over 1.7 million 1、__________（dead）and multiple lockdowns, many people are welcoming the news that COVID-19 vaccines are starting to 2、______(give) to the public. Widespread vaccination may mean that life can return to pre-pandemic normality, 3、________this scenario depends on people's 4、________(will) to get the jab. Some people are concerned about the safety of vaccines in general, whilst others are suspicious of the novelty and rapid turn-around time of COVID vaccines in particular. We asked 14 experts in immunology, biostatistics and vaccinology 5、_________the COVID-19 vaccines are safe.Which COVID-19 vaccines 6、________(approve) and what does that mean? Vaccines, along 7.__________all other medications, are not allowed to be used until a country 'approves' them. This approval process is carried out in each country or group of countries by 8、___________independent agency. In the USA this is done by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), in the UK by the MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency) and in the European Union the EMA (European Medicines Agency). In order for anything to be approved by these agencies, it 9、_________(have) to show that it is 1) safe and 2) does what it is meant to do. There are numerous COVID-19 vaccines 10、__________(current) undergoing research and development.  第二节 阅读理解（科普类）A strong coffee after a poor night's sleep is the kick-start many people need in the morning but new research suggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first. A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control - a risk factor for diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease."We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee—subjectively the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee," said Professor James Betts, at the University of Bath in the UK. For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.    In one, the participants had a normal night's sleep, roughly from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m., and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning. They then experienced an interrupted night's sleep, where the researchers woke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond—and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.On another night, participants experienced the same sleep interruption, but this time were first given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.     They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar and insulin(胰岛素) responses when compared to the normal night's sleep—although previous research suggested that losing many hours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect. However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50%—suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body's ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.1.What does the underlined word “kick-start" in paragraph 1 refer to?  （    ）
A.A kind of sport.  B.A kind of power.
C.A kind of medicine.  D.A kind of belief.
2.What was unchanged in the three experiments? （    ）
A.The duration of sleep.  B.The blood sugar response.
C.The sugary drink.  D.The intake of coffee.
3.What increased the participants' blood sugar response most before breakfast? （    ）
A.A normal sugary drink. B.A normal night's sleep.
C.An interrupted night's sleep. D.A cup of strong black coffee.
4.How did researchers draw the conclusion? （    ）
A.By comparing the results. B.By listing some examples.
C.By surveying the participants. D.By referring to some documents. 第三部分 读后续写（满分25分）【重难点】重点：创作合乎逻辑的故事情节难点：正确运用读后续写写作技巧到作文中【续写写作要求】：语言连贯，行文流畅，上下文有逻辑，结局正能量。【续写写作技巧】：Tip 1: 故事要围绕着主要人物展开。Tip 2: 详细刻画角色及其情感。Tip 3: 使用恰当的衔接词以使故事更有连贯性。Tip 4: 使用恰当的修饰词以使描写更加生动。Tip 5: 做到首尾呼应以使故事更加有条理。Tip 6: 确保第二段和第一段的衔接有逻辑。 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。The following stories are not mine, but my father's. I was too small to really do anything at the time. But I stood to witness them. I grew up thinking all of the world was like my father. I think that all my life has been full of both kindness and cruelty. But the kindness affected me deeper than anything else. My father says that this may go on the internet, but asks that it should not be published in paper form as these are very personal to him.The first act of kindness that I can remember was when I was very little, I was six years old, my family and I had been out camping. Mom, Dad and sisters were ready to go home. As we put everything in the truck to go home, Dad told us to move the fire extinguisher from the back of the truck to under the driver's seat and told us a story of how a friend had been trapped in a burning car, and how since then it was always important for him to have an extinguisher ready.Mom always rolled her eyes— it was the one hundred-thousandth time he had told the story.On our way home from the lake where we camped, we took a short cut, which was not a short cut at all. It was getting late and about to rain. Mom started to get nervous. I didn't realize everyone had gone quiet. I was enjoying looking at the clouds as we turned a long corner.My dad turned into the left lane, stopped the truck and ran out. Mom told him to come back. It was then that I looked out of the windshield and saw a little red car on the side of the road. Smoke was coming out of the hood. Before my father reached the driver s side door, it burst into flames.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dad came back to the van and took out his knife. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Dad left Mom and my older sister on the road, and took the man to their home an hour 's away.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________  【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的父亲小时候父母总是会在车里准备一个灭火器，直到某一天，作者看到路边有一辆红色的小车，引擎盖上正冒着烟。还没等作者父亲的父亲走到驾驶室门前，车就燃起了熊熊大火。最后幸亏车上的灭火器，在事情变得更糟之前，控制了火势，这次经历不仅让作者的父亲懂得了临危不乱的重要性，更让他们懂得了善良的意义。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“爸爸回到面包车旁，拿出刀。”可知，第一段描写他们是如何灭火，救了车里的司机的。②由第二段首句内容“爸爸把妈妈和姐姐留在了路上，然后把那个男人带到一个小时车程外的家。”可知，第二段可描写年轻人的父母是如何感谢他们，以及这件事带给他们的感悟。2.续写线索：拿刀——割断司机安全带——拿出灭火器灭火——司机受轻伤——被救司机父母感谢——作者他们感悟3.词汇激活行为类尽力做某事：struggle to do/ try to do送某人回家：drive sb. to home/ take sb. to home/ send sb. back home扎根于：plant deeply in one's mind/ take root in one’s mind情绪类感谢：expressing their appreciation /show one’s gratitude/be grateful紧急：urgent / emergency【点睛】[高分句型1] Approaching the burning car bravely, my father struggled to cut the driver’s seat belt and pulled him back to the van. (运用了现在分词作状语)[高分句型2] His parents could not help expressing their appreciation for my father’s timely help, without which their son would never have survived the terrible accident. (运用了“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句)     【实战练习】续写第一段：Para. 1   Dad came back to the van and took out his knife.                                               续写第二段：Para. 2 Dad left Mom and my older sister on the road, and took the man to their home an hour 's away.                 参考答案：第一部分 语法基础（共两节）一、单句语法填空1.to 2.to join 3.be built 4.before 5.will be preparing 6.absence 7.prediction 8.on 9.in 10.Opposed 11.buying 12.advocating 13.will be improved 14.will be standing 15.it 16.visible 17.with 18.up 19.to work 20.from 21.where 22.the 23.Learning 24.making 25.amusement 26.for 二、翻译句子参考答案：1.has been brought up, adventure 2.novelist ,had planned ,which 3.whoever,permit ,,isn’t permitted ，which， unbelievable，4.has been spying. staring at 5.scene,in which 6.Biologists,have been seeking ,Fortunately, have spotted7.graduating ,took a chance,where.8.look down upon, in rags, on the contrary,9.who ，ahead ，time, rewarded.10.Go ahead indeed, As for ,account for it 11.have been sought ,by accident, 12.lied to, laid down ,lying  第二部分 综合能力（共两节）一、语法填空1、deaths 2、be given3、however 4、willingness 5、whether 6、have been approved7、with 8、an 9、has10、currently 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。How Scientists Know The Approved COVID-19 Vaccines Are Safe 科学家如何知道批准的COVID-19疫苗是安全的导读：Widespread vaccination may mean that life can return to pre-pandemic normality, however this scenario depends on people's willingness to get the jab. 广泛的疫苗接种可能意味着生命可以恢复到大流行前的正常状态，然而这种情况取决于人们是否愿意接受注射。 二、阅读理解1-4 BCDA
解析：1.词义猜测题根据第一段第一句,在a poor night’s sleep后喝一杯浓咖啡是许多人早上需要的动力。
2.细节理解题根据第五、六两段可知三次实验中受试者都喝了a sugary drink。
3.细节理解题由最后一段one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants’ blood sugar and insulin (胰岛素) responses 以及strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50%可以推知。
4.推理判断题由最后一段可知研究者通过比较实验结果得出结论。  第三部分 读后续写参考范文： Paragraph 1:Dad came back to the van and took out his knife. Approaching the burning car bravely, my father struggled to cut the driver’s seat belt and pulled him back to the van. Then Dad took out the fire extinguisher under his seat and headed for the car once more. Luckily, the fire had been brought under control before things got worse. What a narrow escape! The young driver would have been killed without my father’s kindness and bravery. Luckily, the man was only slightly injured and came to himself after a while. Warm-hearted, my father even volunteered to drive him to their home.Paragraph 2:Dad left Mom and my older sister on the road, and took the man to their home an hour's away. His parents could not help expressing their appreciation for my father’s timely help, without which their son would never have survived the terrible accident. Since then, we have never taken my father’s story lightly and his kindness has been planted deeply in my mind. The experience taught us not only the importance of preparing for the urgent situation, but also the significance of being kind.