2022年高考英语语法填空与阅读科普、读后续写专项训练（二）(有答案)

这是一份2022年高考英语语法填空与阅读科普、读后续写专项训练（二）(有答案)，共9页。试卷主要包含了单句语法填空，翻译句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第2课：高考英语语法填空与阅读科普、读后续写专项训练（二）新人教版重点单词、句型复习（2）第一部分 语法基础（共两节）一、单句语法填空1.The Palace Museum is so appealing that it appeals __________tourists from all over the world.2.Anyone under the age of 18 shall be prohibited __________using the machine.3.Over the past few hours over 3,000 members have applied, raising the member count from less than 15,000 up__________ more than 18,000.4.For most of us, __________（swing)360 degrees around the spindle of a swing set is a distant childhood dream.5.Travelling along the old Silk Road __________（be) an interesting and rewarding experience.6. __________you have picked up, you must give it back to whomever it belongs to.7.The __________（compare) may make something appear more beautiful than it is when seen alone.8.He's not very __________（rely), so you can't always depend on him to do what he promises to do.9. Hollande is a modest and calm person, while Sarkozy, __________ contrast, is known to be loud and aggressive.10. Much to our surprise, the witness's account of the traffic accident differed __________ the official version in several aspects.11.The truck loaded with bricks broke ________ suddenly in the middle of the bridge, causing the traffic jam.12. My dad does not approve __________ the idea that I will go camping with my friends this weekend.13.Due to the size and location, China has diverse climate conditions, varying__________ bitter cold to unbearable heat.14. Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations __________ （employ) only since the mid-1980s.15. Our English teacher advises __________（practice) speaking more in English to improve our oral English level.16.To be honest ,there is nothing better than __________（eat) ice cream on such a hot day.17.IELTS is made by experts in English language ____________（assess) and is consideredreliable around the world.18.I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social ____________（anxious) around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. 19. In China, smiling is not only an expression of happiness, but also a way to avoid being ____________（embarrass).20.The little boy stared____________ the strange man questioningly, not knowing whether to believe what he had said.21. You said you took away the dictionary without his permission. ____________ other words, you stole it.22. Alice killed two birds with one stone by going to a place for sightseeing and then calling ____________her friend nearby.23.Occupying herself ____________ routine office work, she had no time to attend to her children.24.While I like it here, adjusting____________ the hot weather here is more difficult than I have expected.25.The doctor gave me instructions in detail on when and how ____________（take) medicine.26. As far as I know, it was the accident due to drink-driving that led to him ____________（kill). 二、翻译句子1.Tam 宁愿聊天也不愿整理他的行李，导致他的妈妈生气。Tom would ________  ______ _________ sort out his __________,__________(account) for his mother’s anger.2被群山环抱得我的家乡真的很美，在那儿终年都有许多游客。My hometown ________(surround) by the mountains is really beautiful, ________there are always lots of __________(visit)all the year along.3.太阳能已经被广泛地使用在我们日常的生活中，它是一种可再利用能源。_________energy ­­­­_______ ________ ________widely in our daily life ,_______ is a ___________(use)energy.4.强暴风雨袭击了许多城市，导致了大量的破坏。_______rainstorm has struck many cities,_______(cause) lots of ________(destroy).5.我们应该及时阻止有害的气体进入大气中以免他们导致污染。We should _______ __________ gases _______ going into the atmosphere______ _______so  that they result in ___________(pollute).6.不像新的电脑系统，我的电脑系统已经过时，因此运行得相当慢。_________(like)new computer_________, my computer is outdate and operates ________(fair) slow.7.鳄鱼通常在河边挖一个坑，然后产卵在里面并用泥土掩盖。Crocodiles usually dig out a hole by the river，then ______  _________in it and cover the eggs with some soil.8.自从二胎政策被宣布以来，政府一直鼓励更多的夫妇生俩个孩子。The government have encouraged more couples  ___ ________  _______  _______two children since the two-child-policy ______ ____________(announce)9.到目前为止这个火灾是怎样爆发的还是一个谜。 It  ______  _______ a _____________so far how the fire ________  ________.10.既然这个事故已经发生了，不要沮丧，振作起来，你还有许多事情要处理。_______  _________ the accident has happened, don’t be upset and ______ _______,you have a lot of things to do with.11.警察请驾驶员靠边停车并且提醒他当心安全。The police asked the driver______ __________ __________(pull over)and warned him ______ ______ _____ ______safety.12. 这个城市里的旧的建筑楼目前正在被拆毁。The old buildings in the city________ ________ _________ __________(pull down) at present though they ___________ ____________(exist)here for many years.13.我远远地看见他们示意我们,期待我们设法靠近他们。I can see them signaling us in the ________(distant)，________(expect) us____ _________(manage)to approach them    第二部分 综合能力（共两节）第一节        语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）02宋代的伟大发明：活字印刷术和指南针GREAT INVENTIONS OF THE SONG DYNASTYThe Song Dynasty was an exciting period in Chinese history. At the height of ___1___ (it)  power, the country’s population doubled. A fast growing economy and strong support___ 2 ___ Chinese rulers helped the development of technology and the expansion of knowledge. During this period, a huge number of technological innovations emerged. Many of them had significant practical___ 3 ___ (apply).One particular invention from this period made a mark on the world: moveable type (活字印刷术) — that is, individual blocks that could print a single letter and then ___ 4 ___(use) again. This technology finally ended up in Europe several centuries later. The Chinese language uses a huge number of characters,___ 5 ___ most European languages use individual letters that combine into  words. Printing texts made up of individual letters___6___ (require) fewer blocks. This invention produced an enormous change in ___7___ (write) communication in Europe and made it easier for a___ 8 ___ (grow) number of people to learn to read.The Chinese were also the first to invent the compass,___ 9 ___ changed how sailors navigated the seas. Together with star charts — another Chinese invention — and maps, the compass made sea travel much____10____ (safe). 第二节 阅读理解（科普类）Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a "vocabulary" of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.     Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.     "That's what's so amazing about chimp gestures," she said. "They're the only thing that looks like human language in that respect."     Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal's call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.     Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signalling :"Climb on me." The youngster immediately jumps on to its mother's, back and they travel off together. "The big message from this study is that there is another species(物种) out there that is meaningful in its communication, so that's not unique to humans," said Dr Hobaiter.     Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were "a little disappointing".     "The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions," she said. "Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains."1.What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?    (     )
A.Memorizing specific words. B.Understanding complex information.
C.Using voices to communicate. D.Communicating messages on purpose.
2.What did Dr Shultz think of the study?     (     )
A.It was well designed but poorly conducted.
B.It was a good try but the findings were limited.
C.It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D.It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.
3.What does the underlined word "gulf" in the last paragraph mean?     (     )
A.Difference.    B.Conflict. C.Balance. D.Connection.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text?     (     )
A.Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough
B.Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills
C.Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom
D.Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated第三部分 读后续写（满分25分）【重难点】重点：创作合乎逻辑的故事情节难点：正确运用读后续写写作技巧到作文中【续写写作要求】：语言连贯，行文流畅，上下文有逻辑，结局正能量。【续写写作技巧】：Tip 1: 故事要围绕着主要人物展开。Tip 2: 详细刻画角色及其情感。Tip 3: 使用恰当的衔接词以使故事更有连贯性。Tip 4: 使用恰当的修饰词以使描写更加生动。Tip 5: 做到首尾呼应以使故事更加有条理。Tip 6: 确保第二段和第一段的衔接有逻辑。 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。All I wanted was to sit with them at "the popular table". Jill had the best clothes. She looked like she walked straight out of a store window. Brett had the coolest haircut, plus she was already on the field hockey team and we were only in the sixth grade! Aimee was a cheerleader and Shannon could boss people around and they'd do whatever she said. I sure didn't have that kind of power, but then again, I wasn't popular.Everyone else called them the "popular girls" and at lunch I’d watch them from across the middle school cafeteria and wonder how on earth I could get a seat at their table. I imagined how much fun they had sitting there, the envy of the lunchroom, while I ate sandwiches at the table near the dustbins. This wasn’t how I thought middle school was going to be at all. One day, I had the nerve to walk past their table and Shannon and Jill started making fun of me, saying I smelled. "I hate them," I sighed, sitting down beside my three friends and opening my lunch bag. "The popular girls are so mean."  "Well, we aren't mean!" said one friend, and she was right. I looked towards the popular table. Aimee appeared to be in a fight with Jill, while the others were laughing at a red-headed boy, who was the smartest kid in our grade and maybe even our whole school. He was in tears when they got done with him. He took his tray to an empty table in the far corner of the room to eat alone. That was when it hit me. Why would I even want to be friends with people who were so mean? My friends were far nicer and from the looks of it, we had a lot more fun. None of us fought or made fun of people. We laughed, sang, and joked to entertain one another. "Maybe I should ask him to come eat with us," I said, gesturing towards the lonely, red-haired boy. "Sure," said my friends. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。From then on, we invited everyone the popular girls made fun of to eat at our lunch table___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Later, I looked up the word "popular" in the dictionary. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________     【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者希望能够坐在“受欢迎的桌子”上，和那些受欢迎的女孩在一起。而那些“受欢迎的女孩”非常刻薄，经常取笑别人。作者决定不再和这些刻薄的人做朋友，并邀请那些不受欢迎的同学做朋友。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“从那时起，我们邀请了所有受欢迎的女孩取笑的人到我们的餐桌上吃饭。”可知，第一段可描写来作者餐桌吃饭的人越来越多。②由第二段首句内容“后来，我在字典里查了“受欢迎”这个词。”可知，第二段可描写作者弄清楚受欢迎的真正含义。2.续写线索：邀请——人数变多——和谐相处——查“受欢迎”——理解含义——实现愿望3.词汇激活行为类①.开始：start /begin②.盼望：look forward to /expect③.愿意：be willing to / would like to【点睛】[高分句型1]. All of us were willing to sit a little closer to make room for someone else.（不定式to make room for someone else作目的状语）[高分句型2]. When I looked at my group of friends that seemed to be growing every day, I understood where the true "popular table" was in our middle school cafeteria and knew that I had gotten my wish after all.（由关系代词that引导的定语从句和where引导的宾语从句）         【实战练习】续写第一段：Para. 1   From then on, we invited everyone the popular girls made fun of to eat at our lunch table.                                                                                                                                                                              续写第二段：Para. 2 Later, I looked up the word "popular" in the dictionary.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      参考答案：第一部分 语法基础（共两节）一、单句语法填空1.to 2.from 3.to 4.swinging 5.is 6.Whatever 7.comparison 8.reliable 9.by 10.from 11.down 12.of 13.from 14.have been employed 15.practising 16.eating 17.assessment 18.anxiety 19.embarrassed 20.at 21.In 22.on 23.with 24.to 25.to take 26.being killed 二、翻译句子参考答案：1.chat rather than ,baggage, accounting 2.surrounded,where,visitors. 3.Solar ,has been used, which, reuse.4.Violent ,causing destruction 5.prevent ,harmful, from ,in time , pollution.6.Unlike,system,fairly 7.lay eggs 8.to give birth to ,was announced 9.has been ,puzzle, break out,10.Now that, cheer up,11,to pull over,to watch out for.12.are being pulled down, have existed 13.distance,expecting, to manage 第二部分 综合能力（共两节）一、语法填空1. its    2. from    3. applications    4. be used    5. while/but    6. requires    7. written    8. growing    9. which    10. safer二、阅读理解1-4.DBAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member."可知,根据Dr Catherine Hobaiter所说,黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于有目的地传递信息,故选D项。
2.推理判断题。根据第六段"Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were 'a little disappointing'."可知,这项研究是一个好的尝试,但是发现的结果是有限的。故选B项。
3.词义猜测题。首先根据第三段中的"They're the only thing that looks like human language in that respect."可知,黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言的交流方式。但是根据最后一段中的"Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication."可知,黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的,也就是"So, it seems the gulf remains.",故gulf的含义最接近difference,故选A项。
4.标题判断题。根据第一段中的"Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees use to communicate."以及文章对这方面的讨论可知,文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果,所以D项适合作本文标题。 第三部分 读后续写参考范文： Paragraph 1:From then on, we invited everyone the popular girls made fun of to eat at our lunch table. Soon our table was full and we had to add more chairs. All of us were willing to sit a little closer to make room for someone else. It may have been a little crowded, but at our table, everyone fit regardless of whether they were fat, dressed funny, came from a poor family, or were funny looking. I started to look forward to lunchtime. Middle school was turning out to be a lot of fun.Paragraph 2:Later, I looked up the word "popular" in the dictionary. It meant to be liked by a lot of people. Hardly did anyone like the "popular" girls at our school. They didn’t even seem to like each other or themselves very much. When I looked at my group of friends that seemed to be growing every day, I understood where the true "popular table" was in our middle school cafeteria and knew that I had gotten my wish after all.