人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters学案

Listening and Speaking

　　As we know, earthquakes can bring people much fear.There are some places that have few or no earthquakes.Most places in the world, however, have them regularly.Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous.

The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906.Over 700 people died in it.The strongest one in North America was in 1964.It happened in Alaska.

Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people.In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal.Around 2，000 people died.

In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan.A hundred and forty thousand people died.Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.

One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008.It killed a large number of people.The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 830，000 people were killed or injured.This earthquake happened in 1556.

Earthquakes worry people a lot.The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming.People cannot prepare for earthquakes.

[理解]

1．When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported?

In 1556 in China.

2．What may be talked about in the seventh paragraph?

What people will do to prepare for earthquakes.

[积累]

1．regularly adv.　 有规律地，定期地

2．mountainous adj. 多山的

3．worry vt. 使……担心

4．prepare for 为……准备

Section ⅠListening and Speaking

 [听说课前清障]

重点单词

1．disaster n.　　　　 灾难；灾害

2．drought n. 旱灾；久旱

3．slide vi.& vt. (使)滑行；滑动

4．flood n. 洪水；大量

vi. 淹没；大量涌入

vt. 使灌满水；淹没

5．magnitude n. (地)震级；重大

6．rescue n．& vt. 营救；救援

7．damage vt. 损害；破坏

n. 损坏；损失

8．destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭

9．evacuate vt. 疏散；撤出

vi. 撤离

10．helicopter n. 直升机

11．affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动

12．shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护

vt. 保护；掩蔽

vi. 躲避(风雨或危险)

13．death n．死；死亡→die v．死→dead adj.死的

[话题听力提能]

听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。

听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。

1．What is the man doing?

A．Watching a movie.

B．Watching a match.

C．Watching a lecture.

2．Where does Betty come from?

A．England.　　 B．America.　　　C．Switzerland.

3．What is nonverbal communication?

A．Communicating with words.

B．Communicating without words.

C．Communicating with lectures.

听第2段材料，回答第4至6题。

4．Why does the man think it is bad to take a taxi at first?

A．Because these suitcases are not heavy.

B．Because there are just a few suitcases.

C．Because the traffic is heavy now.

5．How far is it to get there?

A．Fifty minutes on foot.

B．Fifteen minutes on foot.

C．Fifteen minutes by taxi.

6．How do they probably go there at last?

A．By bus.    B．On foot.    C．By taxi.

听第3段材料，回答第7至9题。

7．How do people react to other people's asking for help when they are relaxing at home?

A．They agree to offer help actively.

B．They refuse to help other people.

C．They offer help against their own will.

8．Why do people offer help when they are not willing to?

A．Because they are so kind that they don't want to see people in trouble.

B．Because they are afraid that they will lose friendship.

C．Because they can't help offering help to others out of habit.

9．What should people do when facing such problems?

A．Never refuse the people in need of help.

B．Always say “no” to the people who need help.

C．Refuse some requests sometimes.

听第4段材料，回答第10至12题。

10．What happened in Africa?

A．A fire has destroyed many more square kilometres.

B．Millions of people are suffering from starvation.

C．Many people are buried under rubble.

11．Which of the following isn't mentioned in the conversation?

A．A flood.

B．A forest fire.

C．An earthquake.

12．How many people died during the last disaster?

A．6.　　 B．Less than 20.　　　C．Over 100.

答案：1～5　CABCB　6～10　CCBCB　11～12　AB

听力原文：

(Text 1)

W：Hi, what are you doing?

M：Oh, I'm watching a lecture about nonverbal communication given by Professor Betty from England.

W：Nonverbal communication? What is it? Could you please make it clear and simple? I'm so confused about it!

M：Ok, nonverbal communication refers to communicate without words.In other words, it's body language.

(Text 2)

W：Fifteen minutes to get there! And these suitcases too! I think we ought to take a taxi.

M：Not at this moment.Look at the traffic.It is moving very slowly.We can get there just as quickly on foot.

W：Well, I can't possibly carry this suitcase any farther.

M：Let me take it.

W：Don't be silly.You can't carry your case and mine as well.

M：Yes, I can.The cases aren't that heavy.Hum!

W：You see! They're heavier than you thought!

M：Perhaps it is not a bad idea to take a taxi after all.

(Text 3)

W：I find it harder to say “no” than “yes”．

M：Me, too, and most people do.Sometimes when we are at home relaxing for a couple of days, our friends ask us to offer some help.We usually agree reluctantly.

W：Yes.Many people say “yes” to this kind of request.People tend not to consider their own interests and feelings, but are often angry with themselves afterwards.

M：That's true.Saying “no” requires courage and considerable practice, for people are afraid saying “no” might risk losing the friendship of the person asking for help.

W：But in fact, rejecting a request can even help to keep a relationship lasting longer.

M：Yes, I agree.It is better to say “no” sometimes.

(Text 4)

W：Are there any interesting stories in the newspaper today?

M：There are a few stories about natural disasters.There is a massive forest fire in Australia.It has destroyed many more square kilometres.

W：Was it caused accidentally or naturally? Sometimes it gets so hot that fires begin naturally in Australia and Africa.

M：Nobody knows at the moment, but it has been very hot there recently.The drought in Africa is causing starvation.Millions of people have migrated in order to find some food.

W：What is the international community doing to help?

M：The European Union has sent several planes with relief supplies.Several countries have sent soldiers to distribute food and medical supplies.Refugee camps have been set up across the region.

W：How many countries have been affected?

M：Six have been seriously affected, but the refugees are also migrating to several surrounding countries.

W：I saw on the TV yesterday that there has been another earthquake.

M：Yes.There have been a few there recently.They say that this one was not a big quake.The Iranians are dealing with it on their own.They have purchased some special equipment to find people buried under rubble.

W：Does the newspaper say anything about casualties?

M：So far, less than 20 people have died, but over 100 are in hospital.

[话题表达锤炼]

Scene One

史蒂文正在与朵拉谈论报纸上看到的地震消息……

阅读下面对话，根据语境选择最佳选项。

Dora：Steven, why are you so depressed?

Steven：  1   I just read the newspaper.

Dora：  2 

Steven：According to the newspaper, the town was hit by an earthquake and more than 10 thousand people died in the earthquake.

Dora：  3 

Steven：Yeah, we have to do something to help the people in the stricken area.

Dora：Yes.  4 

Steven：It's a good idea.But where can we donate money?

Dora：  5 

Steven：Yes, let's do it now.

答案：1～5　DEABC

Scene Two

约翰和露西是同学，他们在谈论昨天发生的地震的情况……

阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。

John：Hi, Lucy! I heard that 1.an earthquake broke out in your hometown (你的家乡发生了地震).

Lucy：Yes, it happened yesterday.

John：2.Are there people who lost their lives (有人失去生命吗)?

Lucy：Not yet, but a lot of houses were damaged, 3.leaving many people homeless (使很多人无家可归).

John：Have the people trapped in the houses been rescued?

Lucy：Yes.The firefighters arrived early to rescue the survivors.

John：4.Where are the survivors living now (幸存者现在住哪里)?

Lucy：In the shelters.5.They are being taken good care of (他们正受到很好的照料).

John：Thank goodness! Hope they will rebuild their homes soon.

Lucy：Thank you!

1．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援

(教材p.48)What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood­hit area?

救援人员和士兵正在洪水灾区做什么？

[佳句]　When we were trapped in ruins, the soldiers came to our rescue.

当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援我们。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①At midnight we finally rescued (rescue) the tourists who were trapped in the valley.

②The firefighters rescued five children from the burning house yesterday.

③The mother, along with her two children, was rescued (rescue) from the sinking boat.

[写美]　 句式升级

④I'd like to see the boy who was rescued from the earthquake.

→I'd like to see the boy rescued from the earthquake．(用非谓语动词改写)

2．damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失

(教材p.48)Which buildings were damaged in Seoul?

在首尔，哪些建筑被毁了？

[佳句]　The old farmer was very upset because the strong winds caused great damage to his crops.

那个老农夫非常沮丧，因为强风给他的庄稼造成了巨大的损失。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①They managed to repair the houses that were badly damaged (damage) in the earthquake.

②This could cause serious damage to the country's economy.

[写美]　 一句多译

③众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。

→As we all know, smoking can do/cause damage to our health．(damage n．)

→It is well known that smoking can damage our health．(damage vt.)

3．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动

(教材p.49)82 killed, 500，000 affected

82人丧生，50万人受影响

[佳句]　As far as I'm concerned, following others' advice without thinking will affect our own decision.

在我看来，不假思索地接受他人的意见将影响我们的决定。

[练透]　单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的词性及含义

①The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were affected (affect).

②Affected with a high fever, he continued with his work.

③Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have an effect on you most deeply.

④The disease is beginning to affect his eyesight.vt.(疾病)侵袭

[写美]　补全句子

⑤The traffic issue not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people's lives.

交通问题不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而且也可能威胁到人们的生命。

4．shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)

(教材p.49)Shelters set up by the government

政府建立的庇护所

[佳句]　It's so hot, and we'd better find a tree to take shelter from the sun.

天太热了，我们最好找棵树来遮阳。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①We sat in the shade, sheltering (shelter) from the sun.

②Trees shelter the house from the wind.

[写美]　补全句子

③After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need not only food and water but also proper shelter．

可怕的地震过后，无家可归的人不仅需要食物和水，还需要合适的居所。