2021届全国卷新高考英语阅读与写作专题拓展提升（45）

2021全国卷新高考英语阅读与写作专题拓展提升（45） 石油价格战没有赢家导读和俄罗斯进行的石油减产协议谈判失败后，沙特日前宣布大幅调低油价并提高产量，引发国际油价9日创下自1991年海湾战争以来的最大单日跌幅。  双语阅读 Saudi Arabia and Russia are used to fighting their enemies via proxies. But the oil-price war that has broken out between them is head-on and has swiftly escalated. It started when Russia refused to slash production during a meeting with the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries in Vienna on March 6th. Saudi Arabia, OPEC’s de facto leader, hit back with discounts to buyers and a promise to pump more crude.  沙特阿拉伯和俄罗斯惯于通过代理人与敌人对抗。但在两国间爆发的这场石油价格战中，双方正面交锋，且战事迅速升级。导火线是俄罗斯3月6日与欧佩克在维也纳会晤时拒绝削减产量。欧佩克实际上的领导国沙特做出反击，向买家提供折扣，并承诺加大原油产量。 Shortly thereafter it said it would provide customers with 12.3m barrels a day (b/d) in April, about 25% more than it supplied last month—and a level it has never before attained. Russia said it could raise output, too, adding up to 500,000 b/d to its 11.2m b/d. The price of Brent crude plunged by 24%, to $34 a barrel, on March 9th—its steepest one-day drop in nearly 30 years. 此后不久，沙特表示将在4月为客户供应每日1230万桶原油，比2月时增加约25％，这是它从未达到过的产量水平。俄罗斯表示自己也可能增产，在目前每日1120万桶的基础上增加最多50万桶。3月9日，布伦特原油价格暴跌24％至每桶34美元，创下近30年来的最大单日跌幅。 Amid turmoil in global markets unleashed by the plummeting oil price, and panic about its impact on the global economy, Saudi Arabia upped the ante again on March 11th, ordering Saudi Aramco, its state-owned oil giant, to raise national production capacity by a further 1m b/d. 油价暴跌引发了全球市场骚动，也让人们开始恐慌它可能对全球经济造成影响。沙特阿拉伯于三月十一号再次加码，命令国有石油巨头沙特阿美继续提高全国生产能力，每日再增产100万桶石油。1.unleash 释放（来源于leash 皮带；束缚）2.plummet （数量、比例、价格)暴跌3.原句amid...，是指在xx的骚动和恐慌中，沙特提高了注码，但是这里不太好翻译，大家可以意会一下​ Is the kingdom merely strengthening its bargaining position to force Russia back to the table? Or is it waging a fierce price war to crowd out rivals that will instead ensure what analysts at Bernstein, an investment firm, call “mutually assured destruction”? The answer may determine how long the disruption will last. 沙特是在加强自己的谈判筹码，从而迫使俄罗斯重返谈判桌吗？还是要发动残酷的价格战把对手排挤出局，以求（用盛博投资公司分析师的话说）“同归于尽”？答案可能决定了这轮冲击将持续多久。​Moreover, the kingdom’s budget requires an oil price of more than $80, estimates the IMF. Goldman Sachs, a bank, reckons that if it increases output and oil prices recover, its finances will weather temporary pain. But if the virus persists and demand keeps plunging, the damage may be more lasting. It is a price war that no one looks likely to win.  此外，据国际货币基金组织估计，沙特的财政预算需要油价高于80美元。高盛银行认为，如果沙特增产而油价回升，沙特的财政只会经历短暂的痛楚，但假如疫情持续且石油需求继续下降，损害可能会更持久。这场价格战似乎不会有赢家。 本文节选自：The Economist（经济学人）原文标题：No one wins from the oil-price war 词汇积累    1.proxy英 [ˈprɑːksi] 美 [ˈprɑːksi]n. （由个人委托的）代理人、代表（尤指代人投票）adj. 代理人的、代表的、代替的    2.crude英 [kruːd] 美 [kruːd]n. 原油adj. 粗糙的、天然的、卑鄙的    3.barrel英 [ˈbærəl] 美 [ˈbærəl]n. 桶、桶（石油计量单位）、炮管vi. 高速行驶、飞奔、（尤指失控的）飞驰    4.turmoil英 [ˈtɜːrmɔɪl] 美 [ˈtɜːrmɔɪl]n. 混乱、动乱    5.ante英 [ˈænti] 美 [ˈænti]n. 赌注、（目标的）水平、要求v. 下赌注、（非正式）付款  词组搭配    1.plunge by  猛跌、骤减、下降    2.crowd out   排挤、推开    3.mutually assured destruction   同归于尽  写作句总结Saudi Arabia, OPEC’s de facto leader, hit back with discounts to buyers and a promise to pump more crude. 结构： … hit back with … and a promise to …. …作出反击并承诺…例句：The government hit back with the campaign to citizens and a promise to permit freedom of expression.