2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（十六）

2021高考英语“典题”专项训练（十六）

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   When it comes to classic kids' movies, you can go a bit crazy. We all have our favorites we grew up watching and even more films that are becoming part of culture today. Now. the world's most adored kids' movies go back and enjoy another time around…whether it's your first or 500th lime watching» these are worth it!

Shrek

Comedian Mike Myers joins Eddie Murphy and Cameron Diaz to voice this Dreamworks film. Again, taking fairy tales and turning them on their heads, Shrek does it like no other! Of course, you can also enjoy the sequels （续集）, but the first film is our personal favorite. Spirited Away

This 2001 Japanese animated movie was written and directed by the famous Hayao Miyazaki. Spirited Away is a powerful tale with a strong female heroine that won itself an Academy Award. Also, it quickly became Japan's most profitable movie in history. If you haven't seen it, please do not miss this heart-warming tale.

Finding Nemo

Our favorite Pixar movie has to be Finding Nemo. Not only is the film strikingly beautiful, but it's extremely imaginative and adorable. I'm sorry, but the sequel just cannot compare. Also Ellen DeGeneres steals the show with her voicing of Dory.

The Lion King

As far as kids' movies go. The Lion has to be the most classic animated film. It's also an award-winning Broadway play. Did you hear the big news? The Lion King was remade and came out in 2019 with a ridiculously talented cast.

1．What earns Spirited Away an Academy Award?

A．Its director. B．Its largest profit.

C．Its tale and female role. D．Its Japanese setting.

2．What does the author say about the sequel of Finding Nemo?

A．It is not so good as the first. B．It is beautiful and adorable.

C．Its plot is more creative. D．Its tone of voice is not serious.

3．Which kids' movie was reshot?

A．Shrek,       B．Finding Nemo.     C．Spirited Away.     D．The Lion King.

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To address the plastic pollution troubling the world’s seas and waterways, Cornell University chemists have developed a new polymer (聚合物) that can degrade (降解) when exposed to ultraviolet (紫外线的) radiation, according to the research published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.

“We have created a new plastic that has the mechanical properties required by commercial fishing gear. If it eventually gets lost in the water environment, this material can degrade on a realistic time scale,” said lead researcher Bryce Lipinski, professor of chemistry and chemical biology at Cornell University. “This material could reduce persistent plastic accumulation in the environment.”

Commercial fishing contributes to about half of all floating plastic waste that ends up in the oceans. Fishing nets and ropes are primarily made from three kinds of polymers, none of which easily degrade. “While research of degradable plastics has received much attention in recent years,” Lipinski said, “obtaining a material with the mechanical strength comparable to commercial plastic remains a difficult challenge.”

Coates and his research team have spent the past 15 years developing the new plastic called isotactic polypropylene oxide, or iPPO. While its original discovery was in 1949, the mechanical strength of this material was unknown before this recent work. The high isotacticity and polymer chain length of their material makes it different from previous plastics and provides its mechanical strength.

Lipinski noted that while iPPO is stable in ordinary use, it eventually breaks down when exposed to UV light. The change in the plastic’s composition is evident in the laboratory, but “visually, it may not appear to have changed much during the process,” he said, “The rate of degradation is light intensity-dependent, but under their laboratory conditions, the polymer chain lengths degraded to a quarter of their original length after 30 days of exposure.”

Lipinski and other scientists want no trace of the polymer to be left in the environment. He notes there is precedent for the biodegradation of small chains of iPPO which could effectively make it disappear and ongoing efforts aim to prove this.

4．What is special about the new polymer?

A．It can reduce plastic consumption. 

B．It is expected to lower fishing costs.

C．It can degrade plastic waste in the sea water. 

D．It has been developed to solve plastic pollution.

5．What can we infer from paragraph 3?

A．Fishing should be forbidden in the sea.       

B．It requires great effort to invent the new plastic.

C．Nets and ropes are not the major pollution source.    

D．Degradable plastics were not studied until recently.

6．What did the recent study find about iPPO?

A．Its original use. B．Its special intensity.

C．Its mechanical strength. D．Its complex composition.

7．What is Lipinski’s attitude towards the future of iPPO?

A．Hopeful. B．Indifferent. C．Skeptical. D．Negative.

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A growing number of smaller companies are adopting a four-day workweek. Now the results of a recent trial at Microsoft suggest it could work even for the biggest businesses.

The company introduced a program this summer in Japan called the “Work Life Choice Challenge”, which shut down its offices every Friday in August and gave all employees an extra day off each week. The results were promising: while the amount of time spent at work was cut dramatically, productivity — measured by sales per employee — went up by almost 40% compared to the same period of the previous year, the company said in a statement last week.

In addition to reducing working hours, managers urged staff to cut down on the time they spent in meetings and responding to emails. They suggested that meetings should last no longer than 30 minutes. Employees were also encouraged to cut down on meetings altogether by using an online messaging app.

The effects were widespread. More than 90% of Microsoft’s 2,280 employees in Japan later said they were impacted by the new measures, according to the company. By shutting down earlier each week, the company was also able to save on other resources, such as electricity.

Japan has long battled with a cruel — and in some cases, deadly — culture of overwork. The problem is so severe that the country has even coined a term for it: karoshi — death by overwork from stress-induced illnesses or severe depression.

The issue attracted international attention in 2015, when an employee at Japanese advertising at Japanese giant Dentsu committed suicide on Christmas Day. Tokyo officials later said that the staff had worked excessive amounts of overtime. Two years later, a reporter at a Japanese broadcaster died after working punishing long hours. Her employer said she had clocked in 159 hours of overtime the month before her death.

That has led businesses to start searching for solutions. Some companies have begun offering employees more flexibility, and the government has launched a campaign called “Premium Friday”, which encourages workers to leave early every last Friday of the month.

8. Microsoft introduced the “Work Life Choice Challenge” program this summer by _____.

A. holding a long-distance meeting every Friday

B. giving three days off to its employees every week

C. shutting down its office areas every weekend

D. organizing a corporate tour every week

9. What is NOT the positive effect of the new working pattern?

A. It enhances teamwork of the corporation.

B. It provides employees with mote flexibility.

C. It saves energy for the company.

D. It improves working efficiency of the staff.

10. What can be learned from the two cases in Japan in Paragraph 6?

A. Employees should work hours as short as possible.

B. Being alive is of greater significance than being well-off.

C. Businesses should take employees’ health into account.

D. Companies should open later to avoid karoshi.

11. What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To criticize the culture of overwork in Japan.

B. To stress the importance of working less hours everyday.

C. To appeal for more flexible working conditions in offices.

D. To introduce a less-than-five-day workweek pattern in Japan.

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For all the technological wonders of modern medicine, from gene-editing to surgical operation, health care — with its fax machines and clipboards — is often stubbornly old-fashioned. This outdated era is slowly drawing to a close as the industry catches up with the artificial-intelligence（AI）revolution. And it is the appropriate time, argues Eric Topol, an expert in heart disease.

He thinks AI will particularly serve the needs of repetitive tasks where errors arise easily, such as examining images, observing heart traces for abnormalities or turning doctors’ words into patient records. It will be able to use masses of data to work out the best treatments, and improve workflows in hospitals. In short, AI is set to save time, lives and money.

Much of this is imaginary — but AI is defeating people in a variety of narrow jobs for which it has been trained. Eventually it may be able to diagnose and treat a wider range of diseases. As health swallows an ever- bigger share of national wealth, greater efficiency is exactly what is needed. Otherwise, rich societies may fail to cope with the needs of aging and growing populations.

However, the fear some people have is that AI will be used to deepen the assembly-line culture of modern medicine. If it gives a “gift of time” to doctors, they argue that this bonus should be used to extend consultations, rather than simply speeding through them more efficiently. Hopefully, Dr Topol thinks, humans would watch over the rules, rather than being replaced by them.

The Hippocratic Oath（誓言）holds that there is an art to medicine as well as a science, and that “warmth, sympathy and understanding may outweigh the surgeon’s knife or the chemist’s drug”. That is not just a cliche（老生常谈）: the patients of sympathetic physicians have been shown to recover better. Yet as the supply of human careers fails to satisfy the demand for heath care, the future may involve consultations on smartphones and measurements monitored by robots. The considerately warm stethoscope（听诊器）placed gently on a patient’s back may become a history of the past.

12. AI is set to save time, lives and money because it can ________.

A. repeat doctors’ words and instructions

B. correct doctors’ errors and mistakes

C. select doctors according to patients’ demands

D. substitute doctors in certain fields better

13. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. AI will entirely substitute the jobs of doctors

B. the application of AI will discourage the assembly-line culture

C. doctors’ sympathy and understanding should not be ignored

D. AI will bring warmth, sympathy and understanding to patients

14. What is Dr Topol’s attitude towards AI’s coming into medicine?

A. Concerned.     B. Doubtful.     C. Optimistic.      D. Cautious.

15. What may be the best title for the passage?

A. Health care and AI

B. AI and its applications

C. Doctors and patients

D. Dr Topol and his digital medicine

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Quite often, no matter how good you are, your success is dependent on how other people such as your boss, peers, clients and customers consider your communication and responses.    16   

Psychological research repeatedly show that people generally make up their minds on whether to help or disturb you based on whether they like you or not.    17    What can you do about it? You need to make a good impression on others to ensure they like you and give you what you want. Research again shows that people give opportunities to the people they like best. In fact, most people actually make up their minds about other people in the first five minutes or less of meeting someone.    18    

Once they make up their minds, they tend to be very reluctant to change their opinions.   19    Therefore, whether you are applying for a job, going for an interview, attending a meeting with your boss or peers, or serving a customer, you need to prepare yourself mentally and practice how you will manage the first few minutes of your interaction. This includes doing your homework to gather information and researching all possible issues so you will know how to address them should the other party raise them unexpectedly.

It is amazing how poorly some people can come across at the beginning.    20    Having good qualifications and excellent work performance does not excuse candidates from trying to make good first impression.

A. Such is the human nature.

B. So how can you influence and persuade them to give what you want?

C. The worst thing is that they do not even seem to realize it.

D. Here are some ways to help you leave a good impression on others.

E. You hardly have room for error when making that first impression on a new acquaintance.

F. However. the first impression can surely open the door to success.

G. These are called first impressions or “moments of truth”.

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My Parents and I had been planning my brothers’ birthday party since the beginning of March. Johnny would be six years old in two days. My mom was going to bake a special chocolate cake with white icing. As I watched her, I thought, Gee, I wonder what I can do to make my brother’s birthday special.

I knew my parents had already bought a present for me to give to Johnny, but I wanted to buy him something I had chosen myself and with the money I had saved. After giving it some thoughts, I wanted to buy him the paint-by-number kit(数字涂色小套装)I had seen at the store around the corner.

I decided to empty my coin jar and see how much money I had saved. However, I was disappointed to find there was much less than I had imagined. “Oh, no, I only have about three dollars, ” I muttered to myself. The set cost more than I have saved.

Suddenly a “great” idea occurred to me. I slid into my parents’ bedroom where my dad kept loose change on top of the dresser. I stood on my tiptoes and saw some dimes, nickels, and a few quarters. I carefully counted out what I needed to make up the difference. I’m sure Dad won’t mind just this once, I thought.

However, I was soon overcome by guilt. Even though there was no one else in the bedroom, I felt like I was being watched. Mom was always telling us about the importance of honesty. Maybe my plan wasn’t such a great idea after all, I thought. I jingled the change around in my pocket while wondering what to do.

I grabbed my jacket from the closet and headed toward the door. “Where are you going, honey?” Mom asked. “Oh, just up to the corner store,” I replied. “Well, don’t stay out too long, Daddy will be home soon. ” “Okay, Mom.” I ran out of our house.

Once I got to the store, I took the paint-by-number kit from the shelf.

“Can I help you, young lady? ” the salesclerk asked.

“No. I’m just looking, thank you. ” I said.

“That’s a really nice paint kit. We sell a lot of them and, as you can see, that’s the last one. ” she said.

注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150个左右;

2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好;

Paragraph 1:

I nodded my head in agreement, with my mind racing.

Paragraph 2:

I would just have to wait until I saved the extra money I needed.

参考答案

1-5 CADDB   6-10ACBAC   11-15DDCCA  16-20 BAGEC

I nodded my head in agreement, with my mind racing. “Whether to buy or not？”I was wondering. My hungry eyes rested on the paint-by-number kit. “Could you help me keep it for a week?” I begged anxiously with my cheeks burning. Much to my surprise, he nodded his head in agreement. I turned around, walked out of the store and headed home. I slid into the bedroom, stood on my tiptoe and put back the change one by one. In the meantime I could hear my heart pounding.

I would just have to wait until I saved the extra money I needed. To earn more money, apart from doing housework for my parents, I applied for a job in the community. In the following week, I delivered newspaper and fed pets for the neighbors from morning till night. Tired as I was, I still enjoyed myself. Having got enough money, I went to the corner store and bought the special gift. Never did my brother think that he would receive my gift. Seeing my brother was not at a loss what to do, I was floating on air.