2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（十八）

这是一份2021届高考英语“典题”专项训练（十八），共8页。试卷主要包含了B．Abut 19等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Time fr an adventure?
Are yu a bit bred with yur nine-t-five rutine? Have a lk at ur exciting range f hlidays and decide what type f adventure yu'd like.
Activity hlidays
Our activity hlidays are fr everyne, peple wh lve danger r wh just like sprts. We have a huge variety f water, snw r desert hlidays. We'll take yu scuba diving in the Red Sea r kayaking and white water rafting in Canada. If yu prefer snw, yu can try skiing r snwbarding in the Alps r even igl building. Fr thse wh like warmer weather, we als have sandbarding (the desert versin f skatebarding) r camel safaris.
Plar expeditins
Take an expeditin t Antarctica r the nrthern Arctic; explre a land f white natural beauty and wnderful wildlife. Our experts will explain everything abut the tw ples as yu watch the penguins in Antarctica r whales and plar bears in the Arctic. There's n greater adventure than travelling t the ends f the earth. A nce-in-a-lifetime experience.
Cultural jurneys
Our cultural jurneys will help yu discver ancient civilizatins: India, Thailand, Egypt and many mre. Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins—just remember t bring yur camera! Get t knw lcal ways f life by explring markets, trying extic fds and meeting lcal peple.
Wildlife hlidays
We rganize small-grup turs t get clser t nature in Africa, Asia r Suth America. G n safari in Africa and watch lins and giraffes. Meet the famus turtles ff the Galapags Islands. Lk fr tigers in India, r take an elephant safari in Sri Lanka. We use lcal guides and stay in a range f accmmdatin, frm tents t tree huses.
1.Which wuld yu prefer if yu are a sprts lver?
A.Wildlife hlidays. B.Cultural jurneys.
C.Plar expeditins. D.Activity hlidays.
2.What can a turist d during a cultural hliday?
A.Appreciate ancient buildings.
B.Watch lvely animals.
C.Get clser t nature.
D.Have extreme sprts.
3.What is the purpse f this text?
A.T intrduce ways f relaxatin.
B.T recmmend different hlidays.
C.T share traveling experience.
D.T give advice n traveling.
text 2
Jim fund himself exhausted during a trip. When he came hme, he went t see a dctr. “The reasn why I was fatigued (精疲力竭),” Jim says, “was that my kidneys were gne.”
Jim, 69, a frmer Air Frce pilt, immediately started dialysis (透析) three times a week. A persn f his age n dialysis usually lives nly abut fur years. Transplants are a lng-sht alternative. The Natinal Kidney Fundatin estimates that 13 peple die every day while waiting fr a dnr with the right bld and tissue types.
Jim’s wife, nephew and fur family friends ffered but weren’t a match. Jim was s discuraged that he was even cnsidering nt attending a reunin f sme Air Frce buddies (铁哥们). But his wife encuraged him t reunite with his ld friends, amng whm was ne he hadn’t seen fr nearly 50 years: Dug Cffman. The tw had met. When they bth were learning Vietnamese befre they went verseas.
Dug, then 70, felt a strng bnd with his band f brthers, even thugh he hadn’t seen sme f them fr decades. Their cnnectin went beynd the battlefield in ways mst, sldiers never experience.
Dug had received help frm his friends when he was in truble, s he felt like it was a time that he culd pay that ahead by dnating a kidney t Jim. Frtunately, series f testing revealed nt nly that Dug’s tissue type matched Jim’s but als that he had the kidneys f a 35-year-ld.
The transplant was a success. “It’s pretty miraculus t be able t take an rgan ut f ne persn’s bdy—a living rgan—put it in anther persn’s bdy, and have it wrk.” Dug says. “And there’s nthing finer than knwing I’ve helped anther persn live a better life.”
4．Frm paragraph 2 we knw that kidney transplant is ________.
A．Expensive B．Dangerus C．a matter f luck D．an unwise chice
5．Hw ld was Jim when he went verseas?
A．Abut 17.B．Abut 19.C．Abut 22.D．Abut 25.
6．What can we infer frm Dug’s wrds in the last paragraph?
A．Dug is happy t dnate a kidney t Jim.
B．Jim is having a better life than Dug.
C．The kidney transplant was very successful.
D．Mdern medical science is very advanced.
7．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the passage?
A．T share his gd luck.
B．T tell us t pay it frward.
C．T intrduce a kidney transplant.
D．T encurage us t make friends.
text 3
In the winter f 1664-65, a bitter cld fell n Lndn in the days befre Christmas. Abve the city, an unusually bright cmet (彗星) sht acrss the sky, exciting much predictin f a snw strm. Outside the city wall, a wman was annunced dead f a disease that was spreading in that area. Her huse was lcked up and the phrase “Lrd Have Mercy On Us” was painted n the dr in red.
By the fllwing Christmas, the virus that had killed the wman wuld g n t kill nearly 100,000 peple living in and arund Lndn — almst a third f thse wh did nt flee.
In The Great Plague (瘟疫), histrian A. Llyd Mte and micrbilgist Drthy C. Mte prvide a deeply infrmed accunt f this plague year. Reading the bk, readers are taken frm the palaces f the city’s wealthiest citizens t the pr areas where the vast majrity f Lndners were living, and t the surrunding cuntryside with thse wh fled. The Mtes pint ut that, even at the height f the plague, the city did nt fall int chas. Dctrs, nurses and the church staff remained in the city t care fr the sick; city fficials tried their best t fight the crisis with all the legal tls; and cmmerce cntinued even as businesses shut dwn.
T describe life and death in and arund Lndn, the authrs fcus n the experiences f nine individuals. Thrugh their letters and diaries, the Mtes ffer fresh descriptins f key issues in the histry f the Great Plague: hw different cmmunities understd and experienced the disease; hw medical, religius, and gvernment bdies reacted; hw well the scial rder held tgether; the ecnmic and mral dilemmas peple faced when debating whether t flee the city; and the nature f the material, scial, and spiritual resurces supprting thse wh remained. Based n humanity (人性), the authrs ffer a masterful prtrait f a city and its inhabitants attacked by — and daringly resisting — unimaginable hrrr.
8.What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A.A cmet always fllws a strm.
B.Lndn was under an appraching threat.
C.Lndn was prepared fr the disease.
D.The wman was the beginning f the disease.
9.What d the Mtes say abut Lndn during the Great Plague?
A.The city remained rganized.
B.The plague spared the rich areas.
C.The peple tried a lt in vain.
D.The majrity fled and thus survived.
10.Why d the Mtes fcus n the nine individuals?
A.They were famus peple in histry.
B.They all managed t survive the Plague.
C.They prvided vivid stries f humanity.
D.They united by thinking and acting as ne.
11.What’s the purpse f this text?
A.T intrduce a new bk.
B.T crrect a misunderstanding.
C.T reprt a new research.
D.T shw respect t the authrs.
text 4
Rivers are the veins f the Earth, transprting the water and nutrients (营养物) needed t supprt the planet’s ecsystems, including human life. While many nutrients are essential t the survival f life, there is ne element transprted by water in rivers that hlds the key t life and t the future f ur planet — carbn.
Carbn is everywhere and understanding the way it mves and is either released r stred by the Earth system is a cmplex science in itself. Carbn starts its jurney dwnstream when natural acid rain, which cntains carbn dixide frm the atmsphere, melts minerals in rcks. This helps transfrm carbn dixide t bicarbnate (碳酸氢盐) in the water that then flws in ur rivers. This is a very lng prcess, which is ne f the main ways carbn dixide is remved frm the atmsphere. Carbn is transprted by rivers t ceans and nce that carbn reaches the cean, it is stred naturally in deep sea sediments (沉淀物) fr millins f years.
As carbn travels dwn a river, different prcesses may impact whether it cntinues t flw dwnstream r whether it is released int the atmsphere. Fr example, human engineering, like extensive dam cnstructin, will result in dramatic changes t hw water and sediments travel dwn the river. Sme carbn that fails t reach the sea may return t the atmsphere in sme way, which causes mre warming.
Earth’s climate is clsely related t the carbn cycle. We all knw abut the essential rle f plants in cnsuming carbn dixide, but d we knw enugh abut rivers? Changing the chemistry and the curse f rivers may have significant impacts n hw they transprt carbn. Remember: wherever we live, we all live dwnstream.
12. Where is the carbn in rivers riginally frm?
A. The atmsphere. B. The rcks.
C. The acid rain. D. The upstream areas.
13.Why is human engineering mentined in Paragraph 3?
A.T shw hw imprtant t life carbn is.
B.T explain hw necessary it is t build dams.
C.T shw hw a natural prcess is interrupted.
D.T explain hw humans fight glbal warming.
14.What des the authr want t cnvey in the last paragraph?
A.We’d better mve upstream t live.
B.We shuld prtect plants alng rivers.
C.We’d better seek mre help frm plants.
D.We shuld be cautius abut river management.
15.What is the best title fr the text?
A.What Humans D with Rivers
B.Hw Rivers’ Transprting Carbn Cunts
C.What the Carbn Cycle Means t Us
D.Hw Living Dwnstream Affects the Earth
text 5
Imagine yu are n a lng car trip. It is night and yu take a wrng turn nt a dark cuntry rad. With a sinking feeling, yu realize that yu have n idea where yu are.
16 , and the answer is written in light. A shining cmpass face, with nrth, suth, east and west at the fur pints, and a big needle are pinting at nrth. What a relief! Yu turn yur car arund and head in the right directin guided by the sky.
Fr migrating birds, finding their way ver lng distances thrugh the darkest nights is their
secnd nature. 17 — directins written by light and magnetism (磁力). Sme birds jurney thusands f miles in their twice-yearly jurneys. 18, like muntain ranges and rivers, t help decide the directins; but birds may als navigate using the stars, and by sensing — r even “seeing” — the Earth’s invisible magnetic field.
Fr many years, scientists have been studying what’s behind the strng ability f migrating birds t find their way t their winter and summer hmes. Here is ne thing that
they agree n. 19 . This cmpass leads them t make their very first autumn flight in the directin that has been lng-travelled by the rest f their species. 20 .
A. Then yu glance up at the sky
B. S birds are brn knwing which way hme is
C. They d it in part by reading directins in the sky
D. Magnetism is imprtant fr all animals, especially birds and fishes
E. When they’re n the way, they take the advantage f familiar landmarks
F. Migratry baby birds are already equipped with a kind f present inner cmpass
G. In birds, migratin means tw-way jurneys — nward jurney and backward jurney
text 6
读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I was respnding t a call frm a small brick flat(用砖做的公寓) in a quiet part f twn. I assumed. I was being sent t pick up sme partygers, r smene wh had just had a fight with a lver, r a wrker heading t an early shift at sme factry fr the industrial part f twn.
When I arrived at 2:30 a.m., the building was dark except fr a single light in a grund flr windw. Under such circumstances, many drivers just hnk(按喇叭) nce r twice, wait a minute, then drive away. But I had seen t many weak peple wh depended n taxis as their nly means f transprtatin.
Unless a situatin smelled f danger, I always went t the dr.
This passenger might be smene wh needs my assistance, I reasned t myself. S I walked t the dr and kncked. “Just a minute,” answered a frail, elderly vice. I culd hear smething being dragged acrss the flr. After a lng pause，the dr pened. A small wman in her 80s std befre me. She was wearing a print dress and a pillbx hat, like smebdy ut f a 1940s mvie. By her side was a small nyln suitcase.
The apartment lked as if n ne had lived in it fr years. All the furniture was cvered with sheets. There were n clcks n the walls, n equipment n the cunters. In the crner was a cardbard bx filled with phts and glassware.
“Wuld yu carry my bag ut t the car?” she said. I tk the suitcase t the cab，then returned t assist the wman. She tk my arm, and we walked slwly tward the cab.
She kept thanking me fr my kindness. “It’s nthing，” I tld her. “I just try t treat my passengers the way I wuld want my mther treated.”
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Having given me an address，a hspice，she asked，“Culd yu drive thrugh dwntwn？”

Paragraph 2：
We drve in silence t the address he had given me, and it...

参考答案
1-5DABCB 6-10ABBAC 11-15AACDB 16-20ACEFB
Having given me an address, a hspice, she asked，“Culd yu drive thrugh dwntwn？” Asked why we didn’t take the shrtest way, the small wman tld me it was the last chance fr her t visit the city. We drve thrugh the neighbrhd where she and her husband had lived. Besides, she asked me t slw in frnt f a particular building r crner and wuld sit staring int the darkness，saying nthing. At last, she said she was tired and wanted t g t the hspice.
We drve in silence t the address she had given me, and it was a lw building, where the ld lady wuld live the rest f her life. Tw nurses wh must have been expecting her came ut t the cab as sn as we pulled up. I pened the trunk and tk the suitcase t the dr and the wman was already seated in a wheelchair. When she asked hw much she wed me, withut thinking, I said nthing and bent t give her a hug. It was my assistance that helped ne f weak peple realize her wish.