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外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature说课ppt课件
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这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Learning from nature说课ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了动名词短语作宾语，动词不定式作表语，动名词作表语，过去分词作表语，动词不定式作宾语，Ⅰ 单句语法填空，looking，to accept，staying，dividing等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. （教材P53）Tday, architects cntinue t explre ways t capture the beauty f natural frms,…2. （教材P54）The Wright brthers, wh succeeded in creating and flying the first aerplane in 1903, gt their inspiratin frm bserving pigens in flight.3. （教材P53）…it appears t flat abve the waterfrnt prmenade and the water that surrunds it.
4. （教材P53）The main principle f its design is t recreate natural landscapes in miniature.5. （教材P54）There are many types f bimimicry, amng which the mst cmmn ne is cpying frm and shape.6. （教材P53） Visitrs are ften amazed t find themselves in an urban building that s truly captures the beauty f natural frms.7. （教材P53）Drawing/T draw inspiratin frm nature is a traditin that ges back centuries.
观察上面句子, 并分别写出每句中加黑部分所作的成分：1. _____________________2. _____________________3. _____________________ 4. _____________________5. _________________6. ___________________7. _____________________________
动名词或动词不定式作主语。
一、不定式作主语、表语或宾语 不定式可以作主语、表语或一些动词的宾语, 也可以和疑问词构成不定式短语作主语、宾语或表语。
三、-ing形式作主语、宾语或表语
注意：1. 下列动词后通常用不定式作宾语, 请牢记下面的口诀：
2. 下列动词或动词短语后通常用-ing形式作宾语, 请牢记下面的口诀：
3. 下列动词短语后也通常用-ing形式作宾语：
4. 下列动词或动词短语后既可以用-ing形式作宾语, 也可以用不定式作宾语, 但意义上有区别, 要特别注意：
5. 下列动词或动词短语后用-ing形式：
1. ___________________ （surrund）by beautiful green muntains and lcated at the ft f Munt Lu makes it a famus turist attractin.
Being surrunded
2. They never quit __________ （lk）fr a way t get where they are suppsed t g!
3. The clubs in Argentina culdn’t help him, but the famus Barcelna club in Spain ffered ____________ （accept）Messi n the junir team and pay the bills.
4. Scientists have discvered that __________ （stay）in the cld culd help us lse weight.
t acknwledge
5. It’s never flish _________________ （acknwledge）yu are wrng. Being humans, we all need the art f aplgy.
6. Firstly, yu shuld cnsider ___________ （divide）them int different grups-wh are the peple yu dn’t knw well but see pretty much daily.
being given
8. The next step is __________ （make） sure that yu knw exactly what is required.
7. He appreciated ______________ （give）a chance t make a presentatin in the annual seminar n Cmparative Literature.
9. It wuld be wrng fr peple ___________ （marry）fr mney.
10. He hpes ____________ （create）an envirnment fr his students, which is much mre relaxing than the ne he used t study in.
t be reading
12. ____________ （finish）the wrk in ten minutes is very hard.
11. He seems ________________ （read）in his rm at present.
13. Marx fund it imprtant ___________ （study）the situatin in Russia.
being invited
14. He came t the party withut ________________ （invite）.
15. __________ （read） alud is very helpful.
1. There is a wnderful stry abut a yung girl wh had n family and n ne 1. __________ （lve）her. One day, 2. __________ （feel）very sad and lnely, she was walking thrugh a meadw when she nticed a small butterfly 3. _________ （catch）in a thrny bush. The yung girl carefully released the butterfly. Instead f 4. _________ （fly）away, the little butterfly changed int a beautiful fairy.
“In return fr yur wnderful kindness,”the gd fairy said t the girl,“I will give yu any wish that yu wuld like 5. _________ （get）.”The little girl thught fr a mment and then replied,“I want t be happy.” 6. __________ （lean）tward her, the fairy whispered in her ear and then disappeared.With the little girl 7. __________ （grw）up, there was n ne in the land happier than she was. Everyne wanted t make
themselves 8. _______ （tell）the secret f happiness by her. She wuld nly smile and answer,“The secret f my happiness is that I listened t a gd fairy when I was a little girl.” When she was dying, the neighbrs all gathered arund her, 9. __________ （fear）that her unbelievable secret f happiness wuld die with her. S they begged her 10. __________ （tell）them what the gd fairy said. The lvely ld wman simply smiled and said,“She tld me that everyne, n matter hw ld r yung, hw rich r pr, had need f me.”
1.wisdm n. 智慧wisdm learnt frm nature（教材P53）从自然中学到的智慧
① A man f wisdm is nt necessarily a man f ability. ___________________________________
有智慧的人不一定就是有能力的人。
② A flw f wrds is n prf f wisdm. _______________________________
口若悬河, 不能证明真有才智。
③ But cnventinal wisdm may have gt it wrng. _______________________
④ He is t lacking in wrldly wisdm t be a plitician. _______________________________________
他对人情世故知之甚少, 当不了政治家。
（1） 传统观点 ______________________ 人情世故 _________________ 智齿 _______________
cnventinal wisdm
wrldly wisdm
wisdm teeth
（2） wise adj. 聪明的; 有智慧的; 明智的; 有见识的事后聪明 _______________________
wise after the event
① Cnventinal _________（wise） has it that rits nly ever happen in cities.
② Learned men are nt necessarily _______ （wisdm）.
③ [2019天津卷] 智者在生活中不会自怜。 _________________________________________
A wise man can live withut self-pity.
2.emply v. 使用, 运用Inspired by dlphins, peple have learnt hw t send signals underwater, which is currently emplyed in tsunami early-warning systems. （教材P54）在海豚的启发下, 人们学会了如何在水下发出信号, 这种信号目前应用于海啸预警系统。
① Mre than 3,000 lcal wrkers are emplyed in the turism industry. ____________________________________
超过3,000名本地工人受雇于旅游业。
② It is a pity that such a talent as him shuld be emplyed in ding such small things. _______________________________________________
真可惜, 像他这样有才能的人竟然从事这类琐事。
③ He emplyed a gardener fr the heavy digging. _______________________________
他雇了一名花匠干挖土的重活。
④ What cllege students are mainly cncerned abut is emplyment and their dream is t have well-paid jbs where they can live their lives t the fullest. _________________________________________________________________________
大学生主要关心的是就业, 他们的梦想是有高薪的工作, 他们可以充分地生活。
忙于（做某事） ________________________________雇主, 老板n. ___________雇工, 雇员n. ___________emplyment n. 雇用unemplyment n. 失业unemplyed adj. 失业的全职/兼职工作 _________________________________失业水平/率 _________________________________
be emplyed in （ding sth.）
full-time/part-time emplyment
the level/rate f unemplyment
① He is emplying himself _____ cmpiling a dictinary f English idims.
② But Oshbt, like ther scial rbts, is nt intended t replace wrkers, but t wrk alngside ther ____________ （emply）.
③ Faced with the increasing _______________ （emplyment）, many peple went n strike in mst f the Eurpean cuntries.
unemplyment
④ [2018江苏卷, 阅读理解] 艺术机构雇用了1万多名全职或兼职员工。 ____________________________________________________________________________________
Arts agencies emply mre than 10,000 peple as full-time r part-time emplyees.
3.alng with与……一起; 除……之外, 还有（ = tgether with = with）Pine and bamb grves were added later, alng with a pnd and an island. （教材 P53）后来又增加了松树和竹林, 以及一个池塘和一个岛屿。
① Alng with these physical changes, there cme many psychlgical changes. ___________________________________________________
伴随着这些生理变化而来的, 还有很多心理上的变化。
② All we need is sme creativity alng with plenty f time and practice. _________________________________________________
我们所需要的是一些创造力以及大量的时间和练习。
③ He alng with his wife and his family was facing truble nw. _________________________________
他们夫妻一家那时正面临着麻烦。
④ Only when we fllw the laws f nature can we better get alng with it. _________________________________________________
我们只有遵循自然法则才能更好地与环境和谐共处。
⑤ She invited everyne she knew t cme alng. _______________________________
她邀请了所有认识的人一起来。
主语后面有alng/tgether with, with, besides, but, except, including, like, as well as, rather than等词或词组引出的短语时, 谓语动词的单复数形式要与主语保持一致。（事情）进展; 与……相处 ____________________过来, 跟我走 _____________take sth. alng with sb. 随身带着某物all alng 一直, 始终
get alng/n with
① 一般来说, 他很容易相处。Generally speaking, he is easy ____________________ .
t get alng with
② 如果你愿意, 和我们一起去吧。 _____________________ ，if yu like.
Cme alng with us
③ [2019江苏卷] 这位音乐家连同他的乐队成员在过去三个月的时间里已经演出了十场。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________
The musician alng with his band members has given ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.
4.cme abut 发生; 产生This came abut because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts, senses and fighting abilities that animals pssess in rder t survive in the wild. （教材P55）这是因为许多中国武术家欣赏动物们为了在野外生存而拥有的自然本能、感官和战斗能力。
① Many traffic accidents came abut as a result f the driver’s drink-driving. _________________________________________
许多交通事故都是由司机酒后驾车造成的。
② I came acrss this ld picture in a bk the ther day. _______________________________________
那天我偶然在一本书中看到这张旧照片。
③ The war brke ut in 1931 and lasted 14 years befre China finally wn. ___________________________________________________________
这场战争于1931年爆发, 持续14年后, 中国才取得了最终胜利。
④ It ccurred t me that she didn’t knw I had mved int the new huse. ___________________________________________
我突然想起来她还不知道我已经搬到了新家。
（偶然）碰到, 遇见 ______________（书、唱片等）出版, 发行 ___________提出; 想出 _______________（战争、殴斗、疾病等）爆发 ____________某人突然想到…… ____________________________cme true 实现cme t an end 结束
cme up with
It ccurred t sb. that…
用所学短语的适当形式填空
① The meaning f this wrd will ______________ t yu sner r later.
② T sme extent, what yu _______________ is practical.
came up with
③ —What n earth are the plice busy with?—They have been lking int hw the plane crash _____________.
④ That magazine ____________ nce a mnth.
否定词+比较级：nwhere…better…than…“没有比这更好的地方了（这是最好的地方）”Nwhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden f Suzhu. （教材P53）没有什么地方比美丽的苏州留园更能说明这一点。
① Nthing is easier than this. = Nthing is s easy as this. ___________________
② N film character has ever been mre widely enjyed than her. ___________________________________
没有哪个电影角色比她更受欢迎了。
③ —D yu think ur basketball players played very well yesterday?—They culdn’t have dne better.__________________________________________________________________
——你认为我们的篮球队员昨天打得很好吗？
最高级意义的多种表达法：
一句多译汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。
① Tm is ___________ intelligent student in his class.
② N ne is _______ intelligent than Tm in his class.
③ Tm is mre intelligent than ____________ student in his class.
④ Tm is mre intelligent than _________ the ther students in his class.
⑤ Tm is mre intelligent than all ____________ students in his class.
⑥ Tm is mre intelligent than anyne _______ in his class.
⑦ _________ is as intelligent as Tm in his class.
1. A small twn in England is teaching the wrld that it is imprtant __________ （grw） yur wn fd.
2. Because his family culdn’t affrd _________ （pay） the schl fees, he had t drp ut f schl at an early age.
3. It’s imprtant fr us _________ （pay） attentin t ur health which is the fundatin f ur wrk and learning.
4. The tw girls are s alike that strangers find _____ difficult t tell ne frm the ther.
5. Mst peple have t leave hme fr higher educatin r _____________ （emply）.
being punished/punishment
6. T avid ____________________________ （punish）, he lied t his teacher that a dg had eaten his hmewrk.
having failed
7. In 1972, after ________________ （fail） mre than 190 times, Tu finally made an extract called qinghasu that was effective against malaria.
Adding/T add
8. ________________ （add） Beijing Opera t the basic educatin in China is a big step t prmte traditinal art.
9. Whatever ur hbbies are, the Internet can cnnect us with thers wh als enjy ________ （d） them, even if they live n the ther side f the wrld.
10. Helping thers _____ （be） a gd thing, because we can get sme enjyment ut f it.
11. In tnight’s Easter special they cme t the aid f a family in need f sme delicius ______________ （inspire） n a budget.
12. There’s n need t bring up his past when we are cnsidering him fr _____________ （emply）.
13. This creatin attracted a lt f attentin thanks t its mixture f mdern and ______________ （traditin） Chinese elements.
14. If we cntinue destrying and wasting the __________ （nature） resurces like this, we will run ut f them sner r later.
15. If yu develp AIDS, yur chances f ___________ （survive） are very small.
16. I’d like t cngratulate yu n yur wnderful ______________ （perfrm）.
17. I finally gt t experience them first-hand, during the _________ （fly） t Frankfurt.
18. The baby birds that mst __________ （clse） imitated their mm’s vice were rewarded with the mst fd.
19. We can ask ur students t create smething in respnse t ne f the bks they’ve read and bring that ___________ （create） in t share n the first day f the schl.
20. It is thught that the scenery f the West Lake is ____________ （beauty） beynd descriptin.
1. Prfessr Wang has ______________________ researching the wildlife prtectin in the recent five years.
emplyed himself in
2. Languages ____________ cuntry t cuntry. They differ nt nly in written and spken languages but als in gestures.
taking inspiratin frm
3. I have been used t __________________________ everything I read and everyne I cme int cntact with.
4. My cncentratin was distracted and suddenly I realised I was abut t _____________ the car in frnt.
5. The yung pliceman _______________ a her as he saved a drwning girl in freezing water.
6. He insisted that his name shuld ______________ the list f the medical team sent t the disaster-stricken area.
was knwn as
7. Hw did the differences between British English and American English _____________ ?
8. The umbrella was nt invented as a prtectin against rain. It ______________ a shade against the sun at first.
was used as
9. Experts suggested having a public hearing t ____________________ water prblems.
10. Mr. Green, _____________ his wife and children, has cme t China.
seek slutins t
1. 早睡早起是个好习惯。（动名词作主语） ________________________________________________________________
Ging t bed early and getting up/rising early is a gd habit.
2. 我们在实施这项计划方面有困难。（have difficulty in） _______________________________________________
We have difficulty in carrying ut the plan.
3. 每个人迟早都需要理解并帮助解决问题。（need t d） ___________________________________________________________________________
Sner r later everyne needs t understand and help slve prblems.
4. 知道如何对抗懒惰对每个人来说都是很重要的。（动名词作主语; 疑问词+不定式） __________________________________________________________
Knwing hw t fight laziness is imprtant t everyne.
5. 他拒绝接受这份工作, 因为他认为工资令人不满意。（v.-ing作表语） _________________________________________________________________________________
He refused t accept the jb because he thught the salary was nt satisfying.
[2021辽宁阜新市第二高级中学期末] Sydney’s Ryal Btanic Gardens are t start a war n gray-headed flying fxes. These super bats have invaded ne f Australia’s mst famus public spaces. Officials have said the animals are destrying trees and have t mve n. These unwanted guests at Sydney’s Ryal Btanic Gardens lk like tiny fxes with wings.
Officials have estimated there are abut 11,000 f them living in the harbr-side park. After inspecting damage t dzens f trees, they nw believe there are twice as many as previusly thught. Branches have been breaking under the weight f these furry invaders and their drppings have been pisning plants. Help may well be at hand, hwever, in the shape f the rdinary garbage bin.
The gardens’ directr Dr. Tim Entwistle hpes the unpleasant sunds f crashing bin lids will agitate the flying fxes and frce them t mve n. “The way t disturb them is t use nises, s we used the lud nises made by rubbish bins in the past. Yu can als use speakers as lng as yu mve the nise arund, and what we’ll d is t have a series f nises, at the beginning and end f the day. What we fund in the past is that the flying fxes left the gardens and went smewhere else,” said Tim.
The gray-headed flying fx is Australia’s largest bat. It flies arund at night using its eyes and a pwerful sense f smell t search fr fruit and flwers. Officials at the Ryal Btanic Gardens in Sydney have said they’re ptimistic that the unwelcme clny can be uprted. If and when the bats d mve t ther parts f the city they will f curse then becme smene else’s prblem.
1. Why d peple want t get rid f the flying fxes?( )A. Because the gardens are imprtant public places.B. Because they are plluting the city.C. Because many garbage bins have been damaged by them.D. Because they’re threatening the survival f trees and ther plants.
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍的是悉尼皇家植物园遭受了超级蝙蝠的入侵。这些超级蝙蝠因像长着翅膀的狐狸又被称为飞狐。飞狐对植物损害严重, 为此要用噪音将它们赶走, 迫使它们飞到其他地区。
【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】由第二段的After inspecting damage t dzens f trees 及 Branches have been breaking under the weight f these furry invaders and their drppings have been pisning plants. 可知, 这种飞狐对树木和其他植物损害严重, 所以人们想赶走它们。故选D项。
2. What are peple ding t get rid f the flying fxes?( )A. Shting them.B. Making lud nises.C. Shaking the trees hard.D. Cutting sme trees dwn.
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】由倒数第二段的 “The way t disturb them is t use nises, s we used the lud nises made by rubbish bins in the past. Yu can als use speakers as lng as yu mve the nise arund, and what we’ll d is t have a series f nises, at the beginning and end f the day.”
（“干扰它们的方法就是使用噪音, 所以我们过去就使用垃圾箱发出的噪音。你也可以使用扬声器, 只要你到处移动噪音, 我们要做的就是在一天的开始和结束时有一系列的噪音。”）可知, 人们通过制造噪音赶走飞狐。故选B项。
3. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “agitate” in Paragraph 3?( )A. Excite.B. Kill.C. Disturb.D. Discurage.
[解析] 【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据画线词后的“The way t disturb them is t use nises, s we used the lud nises made by rubbish bins in the past.”可知, 用垃圾箱引起的噪音可以干扰它们, 而画线词所在句的表示垃圾箱的噪音将会让飞狐不安, 迫使它们离开。所以可推知agitate的意思是“打扰”, 故选C项。
4. What des the writer imply frm the last paragraph?( )A. The bats will still stay in the gardens.B. Sme ther areas will have t deal with the bats.C. The gray-headed flying fx ften eats trees.D. The damage caused by the bats is serius.
（如果蝙蝠真的迁移到城市的其他地区, 那么它们当然会成为其他人的问题。）可知, 如果蝙蝠去了其他地区, 那么就会给其他地区造成危害, 所以其他地区也将会处理蝙蝠带来的问题。故选B项。
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段的If and when the bats d mve t ther parts f the city they will f curse then becme smene else’s prblem.
A[2020西藏自治区拉萨中学高二月考] Wang Shu, a 49-year-ld Chinese architect, wn the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize-which is ften referred t 1.________ the Nbel Prize in architecture-n February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen 2.___________ （win） this award. Wang serves as head f the Architecture Department at the China Academy f Art （CAA）. His ffice 3._______________ （lcate） at the Xiangshan campus （校
园） f the university in Hangzhu, Zhejiang Prvince. Many buildings n the campus are his 4.______________ （rigin） creatins. Wang’s 5.___________ （wrk） shw a deep understanding f mdern architecture and 6._______ gd knwledge f traditins. Wang 7.______________ （believe） traditins shuld nt be sealed in glass bxes at museums. “That is nly evidence that traditins nce 8._____________ （exist）,” he said. Wang thinks the study
f traditins shuld 9._________________ （cmbine） with practice. 10._______________ ，the recreatin f traditins wuld be artificial and empty.
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文介绍了中国著名建筑师王澍的建筑成就及设计理念。考查固定短语。句意：王澍, 一位49岁的中国建筑师, 于2月28日获得了2012年普利兹克建筑奖, 该奖项通常被称为建筑领域的诺贝尔奖。句中涉及固定短语be referred t as, 意为“被称为……, 被认为是……”, 此处表示普利兹克建筑奖被称为建筑领域的诺贝尔奖。故填as。
2. _________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：他是第一个获得此奖项的中国公民。分析句子结构可知, 句中涉及固定结构the first … t d …, 意为“第一个做某事的……”。当名词前有the first/last/next/best/nly等修饰时, 通常用动词不定式作后置定语, win意为“赢得”, 不定式符号t后接动词原形, 表示他是第一个获得此奖项的中国公民。故填t win。
3. _____________
[解析] 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他的办公室位于该大学在浙江省杭州市的象山校区。分析语境可知, 句子陈述的是客观事实, 故应用一般现在时。be lcated in…意为“坐落于……”, 故填is lcated。
4. ___________
[解析] 考查形容词。句意：校园里的许多建筑都是他独创的。分析句子成分可知, creatins为creatin的复数形式, 意为“作品, 创作”, 名词词性, 其前应用形容词修饰; rigin意为“起源”, 名词词性, 对应的形容词为riginal, 意为“独创的”, 在此处表示独创的作品, 符合句意。故填riginal。
5. ________
[解析] 考查名词。句意：王的作品显示了他对现代建筑的深刻理解和对传统的精通。分析句子成分可知, wrk意为“作品”时, 为可数名词; 根据上文内容可知, 王澍的作品不止一个, 故应用wrk的复数形式wrks, 在句中作主语。故填wrks。
[解析] 考查固定短语。句意：王的作品显示了他对现代建筑的深刻理解和对传统的精通。句中涉及固定短语a gd knwledge f…, 意为“熟知……, 精通……”。句中指王澍精通传统文化。故填a。
7. ___________
[解析] 考查动词的时态。句意：王认为传统不应该封在博物馆的玻璃盒子里。分析语境可知, 句子表达的是人物的观点态度, 为客观事实, 故应用一般现在时; believe意为“相信, 认为”, 动词词性, 句子主语Wang为单个人名, 故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填believes。
8. __________
[解析] 考查动词的时态。句意：他说：“这只是传统曾经存在的证据。”此处nce意为“曾经”; 根据句意及nce可知, 此处描述过去的事实, 即“存在”的动作发生在过去, 故此处应用一般过去时, 又exist的过去式为existed。故填existed。
9. ______________
[解析] 考查被动语态。句意：王认为研究传统应该与实践相结合。分析句子成分可知, traditins（传统）与cmbine（结合）之间为被动关系, 即传统被与实践结合, 故应用被动语态。句中有情态动词shuld, 情态动词的被动语态形式为“情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”, 又cmbine的过去分词为cmbined。故填be cmbined。
10. ____________
[解析] 考查副词。句意：否则, 对传统的再创造将是人为的和空洞的。空格处位于句首, 且用逗号和后面句子分开。therwise意为“否则, 要不然”, 副词词性, 放在句首, 相当于n the cntrary。文中表示传统应该与实践相结合, 否则对传统的再创造将是人为的和空洞的, therwise符合句子逻辑关系, 句首单词首字母大写。故填Otherwise。
B[2020江苏南京大学附属中学高二期中] The wrld’s lngest crss-sea bridge-Hng Kng-Zhuhai-Maca Bridge （HZMB） pened n Octber 24, 2018. The Guardian described it as ne f the seven 1._____________ （wnder） f the mdern wrld. The HZMB, 2.__________ links Hng Kng and Maca t Zhuhai, began in 2009 and cst abut 120 billin yuan. It’s designed 3._____________ （have） a service life f 120 years, 20 years lnger than mst bridges. And it’s nt nly a bridge, but als part tunnel （隧道） and part island.
In ne sectin, the bridge turns int a 6.7 km undersea tunnel that 4.___________ （pass） thrugh tw man-made islands. The tunnel is the wrld’s lngest undersea tunnel fr rad traffic, 5.______________ （allw） large ships t cntinue passing thrugh the sea area abve the tunnel. The bridge’s engineers had t take many envirnmental factrs 6.__________ cnsideratin in rder t prtect the surrunding envirnment while 7.______________ （build） the bridge. The HZMB will make
8._______much mre cnvenient t shrten the travel time frm Hng Kng t Zhuhai frm fur hurs t abut 45 minutes. By drawing lcal cities and regins clser tgether, the bridge will help the area’s develpment 9.____________ （great）. It is expected t drive the ecnmic 10._________________ （develp） f Hng Kng, Maca and nine Guangdng cities.
1. __________
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了连接香港、珠海和澳门的港珠澳大桥的概况, 以及建成后预计对周边地区的影响。考查名词的数。句意：《卫报》将其称为现代世界七大奇迹之一。wnder“奇迹”为可数名词, 被seven修饰, 应用复数形式。故填wnders。
2. ________
[解析] 考查定语从句。句意：连接香港、澳门和珠海的港珠澳大桥于2009年开工, 耗资约1,200亿元。此处引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词The HZMB, 关系词在定语从句中作主语, 指物, 应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
3. __________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：它的设计寿命为120年, 比大多数桥梁长20年。固定短语be designed t d表示“为……而设计”, 不定式表示目的。故填t have。
4. _________
[解析] 考查动词的时态。句意：在其中一部分, 大桥变成了6.7千米长的海底隧道, 穿过两个人工岛。that引导的定语从句修饰先行词tunnel, pass在从句中充当谓语, 描述客观事实, 应用一般现在时, 且先行词tunnel为单数, 应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填passes。
5. ___________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：该隧道是世界上最长的海底道路交通隧道, 允许大型船舶继续通过隧道上方的海域。allw与The tunnel之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词作状语。故填allwing。
[解析] 考查介词。句意：桥梁的工程师们在建造桥梁的同时, 为了保护周围的环境, 不得不考虑许多环境因素。固定短语take…int cnsideratin表示“将……考虑其中”。故填int。
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处为状语从句的省略, 省略了主语和be动词, 且build与engineers构成主动关系, 应用现在分词形式。故填building。
[解析] 考查it作形式宾语。句意：港珠澳大桥将会使香港至珠海的车程十分方便, 由4小时缩短至约45分钟。固定结构“make it+adj.+t d sth.”中动词不定式t d sth. 是make的真正宾语, it是形式宾语。故填it。
9. __________
[解析] 考查副词。句意：通过拉近当地城市和地区之间的距离, 这座桥将极大地促进该地区的发展。修饰动词help, 应用副词。故填greatly。
1. （教材P53）Tday, architects cntinue t explre ways t capture the beauty f natural frms,…2. （教材P54）The Wright brthers, wh succeeded in creating and flying the first aerplane in 1903, gt their inspiratin frm bserving pigens in flight.3. （教材P53）…it appears t flat abve the waterfrnt prmenade and the water that surrunds it.
4. （教材P53）The main principle f its design is t recreate natural landscapes in miniature.5. （教材P54）There are many types f bimimicry, amng which the mst cmmn ne is cpying frm and shape.6. （教材P53） Visitrs are ften amazed t find themselves in an urban building that s truly captures the beauty f natural frms.7. （教材P53）Drawing/T draw inspiratin frm nature is a traditin that ges back centuries.
观察上面句子, 并分别写出每句中加黑部分所作的成分：1. _____________________2. _____________________3. _____________________ 4. _____________________5. _________________6. ___________________7. _____________________________
动名词或动词不定式作主语。
一、不定式作主语、表语或宾语 不定式可以作主语、表语或一些动词的宾语, 也可以和疑问词构成不定式短语作主语、宾语或表语。
三、-ing形式作主语、宾语或表语
注意：1. 下列动词后通常用不定式作宾语, 请牢记下面的口诀：
2. 下列动词或动词短语后通常用-ing形式作宾语, 请牢记下面的口诀：
3. 下列动词短语后也通常用-ing形式作宾语：
4. 下列动词或动词短语后既可以用-ing形式作宾语, 也可以用不定式作宾语, 但意义上有区别, 要特别注意：
5. 下列动词或动词短语后用-ing形式：
1. ___________________ （surrund）by beautiful green muntains and lcated at the ft f Munt Lu makes it a famus turist attractin.
Being surrunded
2. They never quit __________ （lk）fr a way t get where they are suppsed t g!
3. The clubs in Argentina culdn’t help him, but the famus Barcelna club in Spain ffered ____________ （accept）Messi n the junir team and pay the bills.
4. Scientists have discvered that __________ （stay）in the cld culd help us lse weight.
t acknwledge
5. It’s never flish _________________ （acknwledge）yu are wrng. Being humans, we all need the art f aplgy.
6. Firstly, yu shuld cnsider ___________ （divide）them int different grups-wh are the peple yu dn’t knw well but see pretty much daily.
being given
8. The next step is __________ （make） sure that yu knw exactly what is required.
7. He appreciated ______________ （give）a chance t make a presentatin in the annual seminar n Cmparative Literature.
9. It wuld be wrng fr peple ___________ （marry）fr mney.
10. He hpes ____________ （create）an envirnment fr his students, which is much mre relaxing than the ne he used t study in.
t be reading
12. ____________ （finish）the wrk in ten minutes is very hard.
11. He seems ________________ （read）in his rm at present.
13. Marx fund it imprtant ___________ （study）the situatin in Russia.
being invited
14. He came t the party withut ________________ （invite）.
15. __________ （read） alud is very helpful.
1. There is a wnderful stry abut a yung girl wh had n family and n ne 1. __________ （lve）her. One day, 2. __________ （feel）very sad and lnely, she was walking thrugh a meadw when she nticed a small butterfly 3. _________ （catch）in a thrny bush. The yung girl carefully released the butterfly. Instead f 4. _________ （fly）away, the little butterfly changed int a beautiful fairy.
“In return fr yur wnderful kindness,”the gd fairy said t the girl,“I will give yu any wish that yu wuld like 5. _________ （get）.”The little girl thught fr a mment and then replied,“I want t be happy.” 6. __________ （lean）tward her, the fairy whispered in her ear and then disappeared.With the little girl 7. __________ （grw）up, there was n ne in the land happier than she was. Everyne wanted t make
themselves 8. _______ （tell）the secret f happiness by her. She wuld nly smile and answer,“The secret f my happiness is that I listened t a gd fairy when I was a little girl.” When she was dying, the neighbrs all gathered arund her, 9. __________ （fear）that her unbelievable secret f happiness wuld die with her. S they begged her 10. __________ （tell）them what the gd fairy said. The lvely ld wman simply smiled and said,“She tld me that everyne, n matter hw ld r yung, hw rich r pr, had need f me.”
1.wisdm n. 智慧wisdm learnt frm nature（教材P53）从自然中学到的智慧
① A man f wisdm is nt necessarily a man f ability. ___________________________________
有智慧的人不一定就是有能力的人。
② A flw f wrds is n prf f wisdm. _______________________________
口若悬河, 不能证明真有才智。
③ But cnventinal wisdm may have gt it wrng. _______________________
④ He is t lacking in wrldly wisdm t be a plitician. _______________________________________
他对人情世故知之甚少, 当不了政治家。
（1） 传统观点 ______________________ 人情世故 _________________ 智齿 _______________
cnventinal wisdm
wrldly wisdm
wisdm teeth
（2） wise adj. 聪明的; 有智慧的; 明智的; 有见识的事后聪明 _______________________
wise after the event
① Cnventinal _________（wise） has it that rits nly ever happen in cities.
② Learned men are nt necessarily _______ （wisdm）.
③ [2019天津卷] 智者在生活中不会自怜。 _________________________________________
A wise man can live withut self-pity.
2.emply v. 使用, 运用Inspired by dlphins, peple have learnt hw t send signals underwater, which is currently emplyed in tsunami early-warning systems. （教材P54）在海豚的启发下, 人们学会了如何在水下发出信号, 这种信号目前应用于海啸预警系统。
① Mre than 3,000 lcal wrkers are emplyed in the turism industry. ____________________________________
超过3,000名本地工人受雇于旅游业。
② It is a pity that such a talent as him shuld be emplyed in ding such small things. _______________________________________________
真可惜, 像他这样有才能的人竟然从事这类琐事。
③ He emplyed a gardener fr the heavy digging. _______________________________
他雇了一名花匠干挖土的重活。
④ What cllege students are mainly cncerned abut is emplyment and their dream is t have well-paid jbs where they can live their lives t the fullest. _________________________________________________________________________
大学生主要关心的是就业, 他们的梦想是有高薪的工作, 他们可以充分地生活。
忙于（做某事） ________________________________雇主, 老板n. ___________雇工, 雇员n. ___________emplyment n. 雇用unemplyment n. 失业unemplyed adj. 失业的全职/兼职工作 _________________________________失业水平/率 _________________________________
be emplyed in （ding sth.）
full-time/part-time emplyment
the level/rate f unemplyment
① He is emplying himself _____ cmpiling a dictinary f English idims.
② But Oshbt, like ther scial rbts, is nt intended t replace wrkers, but t wrk alngside ther ____________ （emply）.
③ Faced with the increasing _______________ （emplyment）, many peple went n strike in mst f the Eurpean cuntries.
unemplyment
④ [2018江苏卷, 阅读理解] 艺术机构雇用了1万多名全职或兼职员工。 ____________________________________________________________________________________
Arts agencies emply mre than 10,000 peple as full-time r part-time emplyees.
3.alng with与……一起; 除……之外, 还有（ = tgether with = with）Pine and bamb grves were added later, alng with a pnd and an island. （教材 P53）后来又增加了松树和竹林, 以及一个池塘和一个岛屿。
① Alng with these physical changes, there cme many psychlgical changes. ___________________________________________________
伴随着这些生理变化而来的, 还有很多心理上的变化。
② All we need is sme creativity alng with plenty f time and practice. _________________________________________________
我们所需要的是一些创造力以及大量的时间和练习。
③ He alng with his wife and his family was facing truble nw. _________________________________
他们夫妻一家那时正面临着麻烦。
④ Only when we fllw the laws f nature can we better get alng with it. _________________________________________________
我们只有遵循自然法则才能更好地与环境和谐共处。
⑤ She invited everyne she knew t cme alng. _______________________________
她邀请了所有认识的人一起来。
主语后面有alng/tgether with, with, besides, but, except, including, like, as well as, rather than等词或词组引出的短语时, 谓语动词的单复数形式要与主语保持一致。（事情）进展; 与……相处 ____________________过来, 跟我走 _____________take sth. alng with sb. 随身带着某物all alng 一直, 始终
get alng/n with
① 一般来说, 他很容易相处。Generally speaking, he is easy ____________________ .
t get alng with
② 如果你愿意, 和我们一起去吧。 _____________________ ，if yu like.
Cme alng with us
③ [2019江苏卷] 这位音乐家连同他的乐队成员在过去三个月的时间里已经演出了十场。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________
The musician alng with his band members has given ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.
4.cme abut 发生; 产生This came abut because many Chinese martial artists admired the natural instincts, senses and fighting abilities that animals pssess in rder t survive in the wild. （教材P55）这是因为许多中国武术家欣赏动物们为了在野外生存而拥有的自然本能、感官和战斗能力。
① Many traffic accidents came abut as a result f the driver’s drink-driving. _________________________________________
许多交通事故都是由司机酒后驾车造成的。
② I came acrss this ld picture in a bk the ther day. _______________________________________
那天我偶然在一本书中看到这张旧照片。
③ The war brke ut in 1931 and lasted 14 years befre China finally wn. ___________________________________________________________
这场战争于1931年爆发, 持续14年后, 中国才取得了最终胜利。
④ It ccurred t me that she didn’t knw I had mved int the new huse. ___________________________________________
我突然想起来她还不知道我已经搬到了新家。
（偶然）碰到, 遇见 ______________（书、唱片等）出版, 发行 ___________提出; 想出 _______________（战争、殴斗、疾病等）爆发 ____________某人突然想到…… ____________________________cme true 实现cme t an end 结束
cme up with
It ccurred t sb. that…
用所学短语的适当形式填空
① The meaning f this wrd will ______________ t yu sner r later.
② T sme extent, what yu _______________ is practical.
came up with
③ —What n earth are the plice busy with?—They have been lking int hw the plane crash _____________.
④ That magazine ____________ nce a mnth.
否定词+比较级：nwhere…better…than…“没有比这更好的地方了（这是最好的地方）”Nwhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden f Suzhu. （教材P53）没有什么地方比美丽的苏州留园更能说明这一点。
① Nthing is easier than this. = Nthing is s easy as this. ___________________
② N film character has ever been mre widely enjyed than her. ___________________________________
没有哪个电影角色比她更受欢迎了。
③ —D yu think ur basketball players played very well yesterday?—They culdn’t have dne better.__________________________________________________________________
——你认为我们的篮球队员昨天打得很好吗？
最高级意义的多种表达法：
一句多译汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。
① Tm is ___________ intelligent student in his class.
② N ne is _______ intelligent than Tm in his class.
③ Tm is mre intelligent than ____________ student in his class.
④ Tm is mre intelligent than _________ the ther students in his class.
⑤ Tm is mre intelligent than all ____________ students in his class.
⑥ Tm is mre intelligent than anyne _______ in his class.
⑦ _________ is as intelligent as Tm in his class.
1. A small twn in England is teaching the wrld that it is imprtant __________ （grw） yur wn fd.
2. Because his family culdn’t affrd _________ （pay） the schl fees, he had t drp ut f schl at an early age.
3. It’s imprtant fr us _________ （pay） attentin t ur health which is the fundatin f ur wrk and learning.
4. The tw girls are s alike that strangers find _____ difficult t tell ne frm the ther.
5. Mst peple have t leave hme fr higher educatin r _____________ （emply）.
being punished/punishment
6. T avid ____________________________ （punish）, he lied t his teacher that a dg had eaten his hmewrk.
having failed
7. In 1972, after ________________ （fail） mre than 190 times, Tu finally made an extract called qinghasu that was effective against malaria.
Adding/T add
8. ________________ （add） Beijing Opera t the basic educatin in China is a big step t prmte traditinal art.
9. Whatever ur hbbies are, the Internet can cnnect us with thers wh als enjy ________ （d） them, even if they live n the ther side f the wrld.
10. Helping thers _____ （be） a gd thing, because we can get sme enjyment ut f it.
11. In tnight’s Easter special they cme t the aid f a family in need f sme delicius ______________ （inspire） n a budget.
12. There’s n need t bring up his past when we are cnsidering him fr _____________ （emply）.
13. This creatin attracted a lt f attentin thanks t its mixture f mdern and ______________ （traditin） Chinese elements.
14. If we cntinue destrying and wasting the __________ （nature） resurces like this, we will run ut f them sner r later.
15. If yu develp AIDS, yur chances f ___________ （survive） are very small.
16. I’d like t cngratulate yu n yur wnderful ______________ （perfrm）.
17. I finally gt t experience them first-hand, during the _________ （fly） t Frankfurt.
18. The baby birds that mst __________ （clse） imitated their mm’s vice were rewarded with the mst fd.
19. We can ask ur students t create smething in respnse t ne f the bks they’ve read and bring that ___________ （create） in t share n the first day f the schl.
20. It is thught that the scenery f the West Lake is ____________ （beauty） beynd descriptin.
1. Prfessr Wang has ______________________ researching the wildlife prtectin in the recent five years.
emplyed himself in
2. Languages ____________ cuntry t cuntry. They differ nt nly in written and spken languages but als in gestures.
taking inspiratin frm
3. I have been used t __________________________ everything I read and everyne I cme int cntact with.
4. My cncentratin was distracted and suddenly I realised I was abut t _____________ the car in frnt.
5. The yung pliceman _______________ a her as he saved a drwning girl in freezing water.
6. He insisted that his name shuld ______________ the list f the medical team sent t the disaster-stricken area.
was knwn as
7. Hw did the differences between British English and American English _____________ ?
8. The umbrella was nt invented as a prtectin against rain. It ______________ a shade against the sun at first.
was used as
9. Experts suggested having a public hearing t ____________________ water prblems.
10. Mr. Green, _____________ his wife and children, has cme t China.
seek slutins t
1. 早睡早起是个好习惯。（动名词作主语） ________________________________________________________________
Ging t bed early and getting up/rising early is a gd habit.
2. 我们在实施这项计划方面有困难。（have difficulty in） _______________________________________________
We have difficulty in carrying ut the plan.
3. 每个人迟早都需要理解并帮助解决问题。（need t d） ___________________________________________________________________________
Sner r later everyne needs t understand and help slve prblems.
4. 知道如何对抗懒惰对每个人来说都是很重要的。（动名词作主语; 疑问词+不定式） __________________________________________________________
Knwing hw t fight laziness is imprtant t everyne.
5. 他拒绝接受这份工作, 因为他认为工资令人不满意。（v.-ing作表语） _________________________________________________________________________________
He refused t accept the jb because he thught the salary was nt satisfying.
[2021辽宁阜新市第二高级中学期末] Sydney’s Ryal Btanic Gardens are t start a war n gray-headed flying fxes. These super bats have invaded ne f Australia’s mst famus public spaces. Officials have said the animals are destrying trees and have t mve n. These unwanted guests at Sydney’s Ryal Btanic Gardens lk like tiny fxes with wings.
Officials have estimated there are abut 11,000 f them living in the harbr-side park. After inspecting damage t dzens f trees, they nw believe there are twice as many as previusly thught. Branches have been breaking under the weight f these furry invaders and their drppings have been pisning plants. Help may well be at hand, hwever, in the shape f the rdinary garbage bin.
The gardens’ directr Dr. Tim Entwistle hpes the unpleasant sunds f crashing bin lids will agitate the flying fxes and frce them t mve n. “The way t disturb them is t use nises, s we used the lud nises made by rubbish bins in the past. Yu can als use speakers as lng as yu mve the nise arund, and what we’ll d is t have a series f nises, at the beginning and end f the day. What we fund in the past is that the flying fxes left the gardens and went smewhere else,” said Tim.
The gray-headed flying fx is Australia’s largest bat. It flies arund at night using its eyes and a pwerful sense f smell t search fr fruit and flwers. Officials at the Ryal Btanic Gardens in Sydney have said they’re ptimistic that the unwelcme clny can be uprted. If and when the bats d mve t ther parts f the city they will f curse then becme smene else’s prblem.
1. Why d peple want t get rid f the flying fxes?( )A. Because the gardens are imprtant public places.B. Because they are plluting the city.C. Because many garbage bins have been damaged by them.D. Because they’re threatening the survival f trees and ther plants.
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍的是悉尼皇家植物园遭受了超级蝙蝠的入侵。这些超级蝙蝠因像长着翅膀的狐狸又被称为飞狐。飞狐对植物损害严重, 为此要用噪音将它们赶走, 迫使它们飞到其他地区。
【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】由第二段的After inspecting damage t dzens f trees 及 Branches have been breaking under the weight f these furry invaders and their drppings have been pisning plants. 可知, 这种飞狐对树木和其他植物损害严重, 所以人们想赶走它们。故选D项。
2. What are peple ding t get rid f the flying fxes?( )A. Shting them.B. Making lud nises.C. Shaking the trees hard.D. Cutting sme trees dwn.
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】由倒数第二段的 “The way t disturb them is t use nises, s we used the lud nises made by rubbish bins in the past. Yu can als use speakers as lng as yu mve the nise arund, and what we’ll d is t have a series f nises, at the beginning and end f the day.”
（“干扰它们的方法就是使用噪音, 所以我们过去就使用垃圾箱发出的噪音。你也可以使用扬声器, 只要你到处移动噪音, 我们要做的就是在一天的开始和结束时有一系列的噪音。”）可知, 人们通过制造噪音赶走飞狐。故选B项。
3. Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “agitate” in Paragraph 3?( )A. Excite.B. Kill.C. Disturb.D. Discurage.
[解析] 【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据画线词后的“The way t disturb them is t use nises, s we used the lud nises made by rubbish bins in the past.”可知, 用垃圾箱引起的噪音可以干扰它们, 而画线词所在句的表示垃圾箱的噪音将会让飞狐不安, 迫使它们离开。所以可推知agitate的意思是“打扰”, 故选C项。
4. What des the writer imply frm the last paragraph?( )A. The bats will still stay in the gardens.B. Sme ther areas will have t deal with the bats.C. The gray-headed flying fx ften eats trees.D. The damage caused by the bats is serius.
（如果蝙蝠真的迁移到城市的其他地区, 那么它们当然会成为其他人的问题。）可知, 如果蝙蝠去了其他地区, 那么就会给其他地区造成危害, 所以其他地区也将会处理蝙蝠带来的问题。故选B项。
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段的If and when the bats d mve t ther parts f the city they will f curse then becme smene else’s prblem.
A[2020西藏自治区拉萨中学高二月考] Wang Shu, a 49-year-ld Chinese architect, wn the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize-which is ften referred t 1.________ the Nbel Prize in architecture-n February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen 2.___________ （win） this award. Wang serves as head f the Architecture Department at the China Academy f Art （CAA）. His ffice 3._______________ （lcate） at the Xiangshan campus （校
园） f the university in Hangzhu, Zhejiang Prvince. Many buildings n the campus are his 4.______________ （rigin） creatins. Wang’s 5.___________ （wrk） shw a deep understanding f mdern architecture and 6._______ gd knwledge f traditins. Wang 7.______________ （believe） traditins shuld nt be sealed in glass bxes at museums. “That is nly evidence that traditins nce 8._____________ （exist）,” he said. Wang thinks the study
f traditins shuld 9._________________ （cmbine） with practice. 10._______________ ，the recreatin f traditins wuld be artificial and empty.
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文介绍了中国著名建筑师王澍的建筑成就及设计理念。考查固定短语。句意：王澍, 一位49岁的中国建筑师, 于2月28日获得了2012年普利兹克建筑奖, 该奖项通常被称为建筑领域的诺贝尔奖。句中涉及固定短语be referred t as, 意为“被称为……, 被认为是……”, 此处表示普利兹克建筑奖被称为建筑领域的诺贝尔奖。故填as。
2. _________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：他是第一个获得此奖项的中国公民。分析句子结构可知, 句中涉及固定结构the first … t d …, 意为“第一个做某事的……”。当名词前有the first/last/next/best/nly等修饰时, 通常用动词不定式作后置定语, win意为“赢得”, 不定式符号t后接动词原形, 表示他是第一个获得此奖项的中国公民。故填t win。
3. _____________
[解析] 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他的办公室位于该大学在浙江省杭州市的象山校区。分析语境可知, 句子陈述的是客观事实, 故应用一般现在时。be lcated in…意为“坐落于……”, 故填is lcated。
4. ___________
[解析] 考查形容词。句意：校园里的许多建筑都是他独创的。分析句子成分可知, creatins为creatin的复数形式, 意为“作品, 创作”, 名词词性, 其前应用形容词修饰; rigin意为“起源”, 名词词性, 对应的形容词为riginal, 意为“独创的”, 在此处表示独创的作品, 符合句意。故填riginal。
5. ________
[解析] 考查名词。句意：王的作品显示了他对现代建筑的深刻理解和对传统的精通。分析句子成分可知, wrk意为“作品”时, 为可数名词; 根据上文内容可知, 王澍的作品不止一个, 故应用wrk的复数形式wrks, 在句中作主语。故填wrks。
[解析] 考查固定短语。句意：王的作品显示了他对现代建筑的深刻理解和对传统的精通。句中涉及固定短语a gd knwledge f…, 意为“熟知……, 精通……”。句中指王澍精通传统文化。故填a。
7. ___________
[解析] 考查动词的时态。句意：王认为传统不应该封在博物馆的玻璃盒子里。分析语境可知, 句子表达的是人物的观点态度, 为客观事实, 故应用一般现在时; believe意为“相信, 认为”, 动词词性, 句子主语Wang为单个人名, 故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填believes。
8. __________
[解析] 考查动词的时态。句意：他说：“这只是传统曾经存在的证据。”此处nce意为“曾经”; 根据句意及nce可知, 此处描述过去的事实, 即“存在”的动作发生在过去, 故此处应用一般过去时, 又exist的过去式为existed。故填existed。
9. ______________
[解析] 考查被动语态。句意：王认为研究传统应该与实践相结合。分析句子成分可知, traditins（传统）与cmbine（结合）之间为被动关系, 即传统被与实践结合, 故应用被动语态。句中有情态动词shuld, 情态动词的被动语态形式为“情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”, 又cmbine的过去分词为cmbined。故填be cmbined。
10. ____________
[解析] 考查副词。句意：否则, 对传统的再创造将是人为的和空洞的。空格处位于句首, 且用逗号和后面句子分开。therwise意为“否则, 要不然”, 副词词性, 放在句首, 相当于n the cntrary。文中表示传统应该与实践相结合, 否则对传统的再创造将是人为的和空洞的, therwise符合句子逻辑关系, 句首单词首字母大写。故填Otherwise。
B[2020江苏南京大学附属中学高二期中] The wrld’s lngest crss-sea bridge-Hng Kng-Zhuhai-Maca Bridge （HZMB） pened n Octber 24, 2018. The Guardian described it as ne f the seven 1._____________ （wnder） f the mdern wrld. The HZMB, 2.__________ links Hng Kng and Maca t Zhuhai, began in 2009 and cst abut 120 billin yuan. It’s designed 3._____________ （have） a service life f 120 years, 20 years lnger than mst bridges. And it’s nt nly a bridge, but als part tunnel （隧道） and part island.
In ne sectin, the bridge turns int a 6.7 km undersea tunnel that 4.___________ （pass） thrugh tw man-made islands. The tunnel is the wrld’s lngest undersea tunnel fr rad traffic, 5.______________ （allw） large ships t cntinue passing thrugh the sea area abve the tunnel. The bridge’s engineers had t take many envirnmental factrs 6.__________ cnsideratin in rder t prtect the surrunding envirnment while 7.______________ （build） the bridge. The HZMB will make
8._______much mre cnvenient t shrten the travel time frm Hng Kng t Zhuhai frm fur hurs t abut 45 minutes. By drawing lcal cities and regins clser tgether, the bridge will help the area’s develpment 9.____________ （great）. It is expected t drive the ecnmic 10._________________ （develp） f Hng Kng, Maca and nine Guangdng cities.
1. __________
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了连接香港、珠海和澳门的港珠澳大桥的概况, 以及建成后预计对周边地区的影响。考查名词的数。句意：《卫报》将其称为现代世界七大奇迹之一。wnder“奇迹”为可数名词, 被seven修饰, 应用复数形式。故填wnders。
2. ________
[解析] 考查定语从句。句意：连接香港、澳门和珠海的港珠澳大桥于2009年开工, 耗资约1,200亿元。此处引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词The HZMB, 关系词在定语从句中作主语, 指物, 应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
3. __________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：它的设计寿命为120年, 比大多数桥梁长20年。固定短语be designed t d表示“为……而设计”, 不定式表示目的。故填t have。
4. _________
[解析] 考查动词的时态。句意：在其中一部分, 大桥变成了6.7千米长的海底隧道, 穿过两个人工岛。that引导的定语从句修饰先行词tunnel, pass在从句中充当谓语, 描述客观事实, 应用一般现在时, 且先行词tunnel为单数, 应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填passes。
5. ___________
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。句意：该隧道是世界上最长的海底道路交通隧道, 允许大型船舶继续通过隧道上方的海域。allw与The tunnel之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词作状语。故填allwing。
[解析] 考查介词。句意：桥梁的工程师们在建造桥梁的同时, 为了保护周围的环境, 不得不考虑许多环境因素。固定短语take…int cnsideratin表示“将……考虑其中”。故填int。
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。此处为状语从句的省略, 省略了主语和be动词, 且build与engineers构成主动关系, 应用现在分词形式。故填building。
[解析] 考查it作形式宾语。句意：港珠澳大桥将会使香港至珠海的车程十分方便, 由4小时缩短至约45分钟。固定结构“make it+adj.+t d sth.”中动词不定式t d sth. 是make的真正宾语, it是形式宾语。故填it。
9. __________
[解析] 考查副词。句意：通过拉近当地城市和地区之间的距离, 这座桥将极大地促进该地区的发展。修饰动词help, 应用副词。故填greatly。
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