高中外研版 (2019)Unit 5 Learning from nature作业ppt课件

课时分层作业(十三)

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Each of the rooms has a superb(极好的)view of Missouri Bay.

2．The house was designed by architect(建筑师)Louis Kahn.

3．The minority of us are confronted with difficulty in the frontier(前沿)of the major.

4．That's good wisdom(智慧)which is wisdom in the end.

5．Most farms have a pond(池塘)from which cattle can drink.

6．He prefers a cottage(乡村小屋)to an apartment building.

7．At the end of the 17th century England was still overwhelmingly rural(乡村的).

8．Those tight trousers of yours aren't very decent(可接受的)!

9．She does the domestic(家庭的)affairs every day.

10．The place boasts a beautiful botanical(植物的)garden with plants from all over the world.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

People living in the UK take quite a few holidays abroad and in the country each year.Choices made about where to go，how to get there and what to do can either benefit or harm the environment.

While on holiday

Many of the things you can do to be greener on holiday will be the same things you can do at home—but there are also some extra things too，like avoiding gifts made from endangered plants and animals.Here are some suggestions：

·Making the most of locally produced food and drink，and local activities and attractions will support people in the area you are visiting and reduce the need for further environmental influence from transport.

·Switching off any air conditioning，heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect.

·Save water—some countries suffer from water shortages and saving water can help avoid damage to our natural habitats.

Endangered species

Some gifts and foods available in some countries can be made from endangered plants or animals.Check before you buy，but if you doubt，avoid animal and plant gifts.More details of the types of products to avoid any illegal trade hotspots can be found on the Souvenir Alert webpage.

Making a positive contribution to the place you are visiting

There are ways in which your holiday can help support local people and the environment.

·There are many opportunities to volunteer and help with projects that conserve and improve natural habitats.

·When you are away，or if you are looking for somewhere to visit，you can support projects or attractions which protect wildlife，such as nature reserves and conservation projects.

【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了旅游时如何做到保护环境、保护野生动植物，文章就此给出了一些建议。

1．According to the passage，we can________to help reduce climate change effect.

A．make good use of water

B．buy local food and drink

C.save electricity

D．go around on foot

C　[细节理解题。根据While on holiday中的“Switching off any air conditioning，heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect.”可知，减少气候变化影响可以从节约用电着手。]

2．We should check the gifts and foods before buying because________．

A．sometimes they are of poor quality

B．they may not be typical local products

C．some of them will do harm to our health

D．they may be made from endangered animals or plants

D　[细节理解题。根据Endangered species部分的第一、二句可知，答案为D。]

3．We can infer from the passage that________．

A．it is not easy for people to travel abroad

B．not everyone can tell an illegal souvenir

C．green holidays have been accepted by people

D．volunteer work is a must for protecting natural

habitats

B　[推理判断题。根据常识并结合Endangered species部分中的第二句“...but if you doubt，avoid animal and plant gifts.”可知，并不是每个人都能辨别非法纪念品。]

4．The passage is mainly about________．

A．travel enjoyment

B．the harm to the environment

C．protection of endangered animals

D．greener choices for holiday

D　[主旨大意题。本文主要叙述旅游时如何做到保护环境、保护野生动植物。故答案为D。]

B

We produce 500 billion of plastic bags in a year worldwide and they are thrown away polluting oceans，killing wildlife and getting dumped in landfills where they take up to 1，000 years to decompose.Researchers have been unsuccessfully looking for a solution.

The 16­year­old Canadian high school student，Daniel Burd，from Waterloo Collegiate Institute，has discovered a way to make plastic bags degrade(降解)in as few as three months，a finding that won him first prize at the Canada Wide Science Fair，a $10，000 prize，a $20，000 scholarship，and a chance to revolutionize a major environmental issue.

Burd's strategy was simple：Since plastic does eventually degrade，it must be eaten by microorganisms(微生物).If those microorganisms could be identified，we could put them to work eating the plastic much faster than under normal conditions.

With this goal in mind，he grounded plastic bags into a powder and concocted(调制)a solution of household chemicals，yeast(酵母)and tap water to encourage microbes growth.Then he added the plastic powder and let the microbes work their magic for three months.Finally，he tested the resulting bacterial culture on plastic bags，exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control.Sure enough，the plastic exposed(暴露)to the live bacteria was 17% lighter than the control after six weeks.

The inputs are cheap：maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes produce heat as they work，and the only outputs are water and tiny levels of carbon dioxide.

“Almost every week I have to do chores and when I open the closet door，I have piles of plastic bags falling on top of me.One day，I got tired of it and I wanted to know what other people are doing with these plastic bags.The answer：not much.So I decided to do something myself，”said Daniel Burd.

【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了一个加拿大的高中生如何得到启发发现了一种能够快速降解塑料的方法，并讲述了其实验过程。

5．Daniel Burd won first prize at the Canada Wide Science Fair because________．

A．he found a way to degrade plastic bags in a shorter time

B．he contributed much to environmental protection

C．he found a new kind of microorganism

D．he could encourage microbes to grow in an easier way

A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...has discovered a way to make plastic bags degrade(降解)in as few as three months，a finding that won him first prize at the Canada Wide Science Fair...”可知，Daniel Burd 因发现了短时间内降解塑料袋的方法而获奖。故选A。]

6．Daniel Burd exposed one plastic sample to dead bacteria to________．

A．make the live bacteria work better

B．know which bacteria worked faster

C．test how effective his method was

D．control the temperature in the process

C　[推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“Finally，he tested the resulting bacterial culture on plastic bags，exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control.”可知，他这样做的目的在于测试他的方法是否有效。故选C。]

7．Maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because________．

A．plastics can get hot easily

B．microbes can produce heat themselves

C．much carbon dioxide is produced

D．the temperature can be controlled

B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“...maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes produce heat as they work...”可知，这是因为细菌在工作的时候会产生热量。故选B。]

8．Daniel Burd got his idea from________．

A．his school textbook

B．the failure of researchers

C．his everyday work

D．the practice of other people

C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段Daniel Burd说的话“Almost every week I have to do chores and when I open the closet door...So I decided to do something myself.”可知，他是在日常家务劳动中得到的启发。故选C。]

Ⅲ.阅读七选五

When you're feeling anxious or stressed，the tips listed below can help you deal with it.

◆Eating and Sleeping Well

Living a healthy lifestyle is important.From sleep to nutrition，the healthier your body is，the better it works，and the better it works，the less anxiety you'll experience.These aren't anxiety cures.__1__Simply sleeping more isn't going to magically take it away.However，they'll greatly reduce the symptoms，which should help you deal with anxiety much more easily.

◆Yoga

Yoga is a type of exercise that has great benefits to reducing anxiety.__2__Those with anxiety need an opportunity to slow their lives down so that it feels more manageable.

◆Relaxation Strategies

Many relaxation strategies can help you deal with anxiety.Flying your imagination is a great one.__3__Creating memories is another great one.You can go to the museum or try a new cuisine.These strategies give your mind an opportunity to be calmer so that you can cope with stress naturally.

◆__4__

Your thoughts tend to be your enemy when you suffer from anxiety.So stop focusing on those thoughts and give yourself a break to simply calm down.Talking on the phone with someone you like about positive things can be more powerful than you realise.

◆Journaling

Writing thoughts down in a journal may seem like something you only did as a child.__5__ It not only gives you a chance to let out your thoughts，but tells your brain that it doesn't have to focus on remembering them as much as it did previously.

A．Distracting Yourself

B．Actively face your fears

C．The key is to reduce their severity.

D．However it's a powerful healing tool.

E．It is a slower form of exercise that is not challenging.

F．Simply imagine yourself and your five senses in a more relaxing place.

G．Anxiety is more of a mental health disorder developed through years of experiences.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了五个应对和缓解焦虑的建议。

1．G　[设空处前句“These aren't anxiety cures.”告诉我们吃好睡好并不是治愈焦虑的方法，因为焦虑更大程度上是一种精神方面的问题，而G项“Anxiety is more of a mental health disorder developed through years of experiences.”是对前句的解释，符合上下文语境。]

2．E　[本段的建议是“练习瑜伽”，E项“It is a slower form of exercise that is not challenging.”正是对瑜伽的说明，与本段主题一致。]

3．F　[设空处前句“Flying your imagination is a great one.”建议我们通过放飞想象力来有效缓解我们的焦虑。结合选项可知，F项符合上下文语境。]

4．A　[本段第二句“So stop focusing on those thoughts and give yourself a break to simply calm down.”告诉我们不要把注意力集中在那些想法上，让自己休息并平静下来。也就是说让自己的注意力分散，不要考虑让人焦虑的事情。故A项符合上下文语境。]

5．D　[空前句提到把你的想法写在日记里，看起来就像是你小时候才做的事情，而下文的“It not only gives you a chance to let out your thoughts，but tells your brain that it doesn't have to focus on remembering them as much as it did previously.”则具体讲了写日记的好处。前后存在转折关系，故D项(然而它是一种强有力的治愈工具)与语境吻合。]