2022届广东省汕头市金山中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022届广东省汕头市金山中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共20页。试卷主要包含了5 分, 满分 37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Brught t yu by the Audi Publishers Assciatin (APA) and created by industry experts, this easy-t-use new website prvides valuable and practical resurces. They help teachers and parents discver the pwer f audibks fr use in learning prgrams. See fr yurself hw sund learning can prmte literacy fr children f all ages.
Visit t explre the lessn plans, watch the vides, and encurage sund learning tday.
1. Which f the fllwing grup might benefit mst frm sund learning?
A. Schl childrenB. Industry experts
C Parents f Grade 2D. Illiterate adults
2. Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut sund learning?
A. It can help children understand 76% f the text.
B. It can increase bth reading accuracy and speed.
C. It can imprve ther types f learning by 85%.
D. It can help increase test scres f all subjects.
3. With the website, ne will ______________.
A. encunter sme technical difficulties
B. have access t many practical resurces
C. watch the latest award-winning vides
D imprve literacy in less than tw years
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要推荐给读者一个有声学习的网站，这个网站提供很多有价值的有声资源，这给孩子学习带来很多方面的益处。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“They help teachers and parents discver the pwer f audibks fr use in learning prgrams.See fr yurself hw sund learning can prmte literacy fr children f all ages.（他们帮助老师和家长在学习项目中发现使用有声读物的力量。你自己来看看有声学习是怎样促进各个年龄段孩子的读写能力的。）”由此可知，有声学习会使学龄儿童受益，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片内容“INCREASES READING ACCURACY BY 52%(阅读正确率提升了52%)”以及“INCREASES READING SPEED(提升阅读速度)”，由此可知，有声学习既能提升阅读正确率也能提升阅读速度，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“this easy-t-use new website prvides valuable and practical resurces.(这个容易使用的新网站提供有价值和实用的资源。)”由此可知，通过这个网站，可以使用很多实用的资源，故选B。
B
We’ve knwn fr years that plants can see, hear, smell and cmmunicate with chemicals. Nw, reprted New Scientist, they have been recrded making sunds when stressed.
In a yet-t-be-published study, Itzhak Khait and his team at Tel Aviv University, in Israel, fund that tmat and tbacc (烟草) plants can make ultrasnic (超声的) nises. The plants “cry ut” due t lack f water, r when their stems (茎) are cut. It’s just t high-pitched (音调高的) fr humans t hear.
Micrphnes placed 10 centimeters away frm the plants picked up sunds in the ultrasnic range f 20 t 100 kilhertz (千赫兹). Human hearing usually ranges frm 20 hertz t 20 kilhertz. “These findings can change the way we think abut the plant kingdm,” they wrte.
On average, “thirsty” tmat plants made 35 sunds an hur, while tbacc plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tmat plants made an average f 25 sunds in the fllwing hur, and tbacc plants 15. Unstressed plants prduced fewer than ne sund per hur, n average.
Perhaps mst interestingly, different types f stress led t different sunds. The researchers trained a machine-learning mdel t separate the plants’ sunds frm thse f the wind, rain and ther nises f the greenhuse. In mst cases, it crrectly identified (辨识) whether the stress was caused by dryness r a cut, based n a sund’s intensity(强度) and frequency. Water-hungry tbacc appears t make luder sunds than cut tbacc, fr example. Althugh Khait and his clleagues nly lked at tmat and tbacc plants, they think ther plants als make sunds when stressed.
If farmers culd hear these sunds, said the team, they culd give water t the plants that need it mst. As climate change causes mre drughts (旱灾), they said this wuld be imprtant infrmatin fr farmers. “The sunds that drught-stressed plants make culd be used in precisin agriculture (精准农业),” said Anne Visscher at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.
Khait’s reprt als suggests that insects and mammals (哺乳动物) can hear the sunds up t 5 meters away and respnd. Fr example, a mth (蛾子) may decide nt t lay eggs n a water-stressed plant. Edward Farmer, at the University f Lausanne, Switzerland, is dubtful. He said that the idea f mths listening t plants is “a little t speculative”.
If plants are screaming fr fear f their survival, maybe we shuld be glad we can’t hear them.
4. What did Khait and his team find frm their research?
A. Plants made lw-pitched sunds when in danger.
B. Plants made ultrasnic nises t cmmunicate with each ther.
C. Plants picked up a wider range f sunds when stressed.
D. Plants were able t prduce sunds in respnse t stresses.
5. Hw did tmat and tbacc plants react t different stresses accrding t the text?
A. A plant reacted t different stresses with the same sund.
B. Cut tmat plants prduced mre sunds per hur than water-hungry nes.
C. Cut tbacc plants seemed t make weaker sunds than drught-stressed nes.
D. Tbacc plants might make luder sunds than tmat plants when shrt f water.
6. What’s the main idea f Paragraph 6?
A. Challenges faced by farmers in the future.
B. The ptential applicatins f the research.
C. Farmers’ cntributins t the research.
D. What the future agriculture will be like.
7. The underlined wrd “speculative” in the secnd-t-last paragraph has the clsest meaning t “______”.
A. practicalB. unsupprted
C. surprisingD. cmplicated
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项尚未发表的研究发现，植物在受到压力时会发出声音，不同类型的压力导致了不同的声音。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中Nw, reprted New Scientist, they have been recrded making sunds when stressed. 现在，据《新科学家》报道，他们已经被录下了在压力下发声的声音。以及第二段中In a yet-t-be-published study, Itzhak Khait and his team at Tel Aviv University, in Israel, fund that tmat and tbacc plants can make ultrasnic(超声的)nises. The plants “cry ut” due t lack f water, r when their stems(茎)are cut. 在一项尚未发表的研究中，以色列特拉维夫大学的伊扎克·凯特(Itzhak Khait)和他的团队发现，番茄和烟草植物可以发出超声噪音。由于缺水或茎被剪断时，植物会“哭泣”。可知，Khait和他的团队发现植物能够发出声音来应对压力。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中In mst cases, it crrectly identified whether the stress was caused by dryness r a cut, based n a sund’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tbacc appears t make luder sunds than cut tbacc, fr example. 在大多数情况下，它能根据声音的强度和频率，正确地识别出压力是由干燥引起的还是由切割引起的。例如，缺水的烟草似乎比切下来的烟草发出的声音更大。可知，切下来的烟草发出的声音似乎比干旱胁迫下的烟草发出的声音要弱。故选C项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第六段中As climate change causes mre drughts, they said this wuld be imprtant infrmatin fr farmers. “The sunds that drught-stressed plants make culd be used in precisin agriculture(精准农业),” said Anne Visscher at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK. 他们说，随着气候变化导致更多的干旱，这对农民来说将是重要的信息。“受干旱胁迫的植物发出的声音可以用于精准农业，”英国皇家植物园的Anne Visscher说。可知，本段主要是讲述了研究发现植物能发出声音对农业的影响，也就是研究在农业的潜在应用价值。故选B项。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中Edward Farmer, at the University f Lausanne, Switzerland, is dubtful. He said that the idea f mths listening t plants is “a little t speculative”. 瑞士洛桑大学的Edward Farmer对此表示怀疑。他说，让飞蛾听植物的声音这种想法“有点太___________了”。由dubtful可知Edward Farmer不确定这种说法是否正确，因此猜测划线词speculative意为“未经证实的，推测性的”。故选B项。
C
The persn wh set the curse f my life was a schl teacher named Marjrie Hurd. When 1 stepped ff a ship in New Yrk Harbr in 1949, I was a nine-year-ld war refugee, wh had lst his mther and was cming t live with the father he did nt knw. My mther, Eleni Gatzyiannis, had been imprisned and sht fr sending my sisters and me t freedm.
I was thirteen years ld when I entered Chandler Junir High. Shrtly after I arrived, I was tld t select a hbby t pursue during“club hurs.” The idea f hbbies and clubs made n sense t my immigrant ears, but I decided t fllw the prettiest girl in my class. She led me int the presence f Miss Hurd, the schl newspaper adviser and English teacher.
A tugh wman with salt-and pepper hair and determined eyes, Miss Hurd had n patience with lazy bnes. She drilled us in grammar, assigned stries fr us t read and discuss, and eventually taught us hw t put ut a newspaper. Her intrductin t the literary wealth f Greece gave me a new perspective n my war-trn hmeland, making me prud f my rigins. Her effrts inspired me t understand the lgic and structure f the English language. Owing t her inspiratin, during my next twenty-five years, I became a, jurnalist by prfessin.
Miss Hurd retired at the age f 62. By then, she had taught fr a ttal f 41 years. Even after her retirement, she cntinually made a prject f unwilling students in whm she spied a spark f ptential. The students were mainly frm the mst trubled hmes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her wn special brand f tugh lve, until the spark caught fire.
Miss Hurd was the ne wh directed my grief and pain int writing. But fr Miss Hurd, I wuldn't have becme & reprter. She was the ne wh sent me int jurnalism and indirectly caused all the gd things that came after.
8. What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?
A. Hbbies and clubs did nt interest the authr.
B. The authr turned a deaf ear t jining clubs.
C. Hbbies and clubs were inaccessible t immigrants like the authr.
D. The authr had n idea what hbbies and clubs were all abut.
9. Which f the fllwing caused the authr t think f his hmeland differently?
A Stepping n the American sil fr the first time.
B. Being expsed t Greek literary wrks.
C. Her mther's miserable death.
D. Fllwing the prettiest girl in his class.
10. It can be inferred frm Paragraph 4 that
A. Miss Hurd emplyed a unique way t handle these students.
B. Miss Hurd's cntributin was recgnized acrss the natin.
C. Students frm trubled hmes preferred Miss Hurd's teaching style.
D. The students Miss Hurd taught were all finally fired.
11. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Hw the authr became a jurnalist.
B. The imprtance f inspiratin in ne's life.
C. The teacher wh shaped the authr's life.
D. Factrs cntributing t a successful career.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文作者主要介绍了自己的老师Marjrie Hurd小姐，其中重点讲述了Hurd老师对他的人生道路产生的重要影响。Hurd老师让作者了解了希腊文学这一宝贵财富，使得作者对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国，有了新的认识，并为它感到自豪；并让作者学会了英语的逻辑与结构。多亏了Hurd老师的鼓励，在未来的二十五年里，作者成为了一名专业的记者。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文的介绍Shrtly after I arrived, I was tld t select a hbby t pursue during “club hurs.”(在我到达后不久，我被告知选择一个爱好在“俱乐部时间”。 )，在结合第二段中"…but I decided t fllw the prettiest girl in my class．"使用了转折连词but，意为：但是我决定跟着我班里最漂亮的女孩，可以推测出划线的句子表示的意思应与之相反，即虽然我对于爱好和俱乐部毫无概念。故选D
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中"Her intrductin t the literary wealth f Greece gave me a new perspective n my war-trn hmeland，making me prud f my rigins．(她对希腊文学的介绍给了我一个关于我饱受战争蹂躏的祖国的新视角，使我为我的起源感到骄傲。)"可知，Hurd老师让我了解了希腊文学这一宝贵财富，使得我对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国，有了新的不同的认识，为它感到自豪。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的Even after her retirement, she cntinually made a prject f unwilling students in whm she spied a spark f ptential. The students were mainly frm the mst trubled hmes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her wn special brand f tugh lve, until the spark caught fire.(即使在她退休后，她仍然继续从事一个不情愿上学的学生项目，她在这些学生身上发现潜在的火花。学生们主要来自最麻烦的家庭，但她用她自己坚韧的爱敦促他们，直到点燃这些火花。)可知，在Hurd老师退休之后，她继续从事了一项工作：即用她独特地严厉的爱应对帮助不愿意学习的学生发现他们潜在的闪光点。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文特别是文章第一句The persn wh set the curse f my life was a schl teacher named Marjrie Hurd.可知，本文主要讲述了我的老师Marjrie Hurd对我的人生道路产生的重要影响。C项中的“shaped the authr's life”与“ set the curse f my life”意思相近。故选C。
D
On Nvember 10, China’s deep-sea manned submersible (潜水艇) Fenduzhe set a new recrd f 10,909 meters in the Challenger Deep lcated at the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean.
Fr deep-sea explratin, the biggest challenge is the water pressure. The Mariana Trench, cmpletely dark and extremely lw in temperature, is ne f the harshest areas n Earth. At the Challenger Deep, the water pressure is arund 11,250 tns per square meter, which is equivalent t 2,000 African elephants stepping n persn’s back.
Anther threat is the seawater itself, which culd crrde electrnics and batteries. Underwater cmmunicatin, navigatin (航行) and tracking can als be extremely difficult.
T deal with these issues, Chinese scientists spent years creating a new titanium ally (钛合金) that is lightweight, but strng enugh fr the jb. The green, fish-shaped vehicle is the first manned submersible that can carry three peple t dive and cnduct full cean survey in the wrld.
But why send humans instead f rbts? Yang Ning, deputy directr f the Institute f Deep-Sea Science and Engineering f the Chinese Academy f Sciences, said that the “human tuch” is imprtant fr underwater explratin.
“The cean flr is dark and can be very cludy due t sediment (沉淀物) and debris (废弃物), and cameras smetimes cannt detect things in these situatins as effectively as human eyes,” Yang tld China Daily.
In additin, humans may bring surprising discveries, Yang pinted ut. Fr example, n March 18, the submersible Shenhai Yngshi picked up a signal that was thught t be insignificant at the beginning. But Xie Wei, the marine micrbilgy expert n-bard, suggested lking further int it. It turned ut they had actually recrded a whale fall, an extremely rare ccurrence, and the first ne in the regin.
12 What is the biggest challenge submersibles face when explring the Mariana Trench?
A. Wrking in cmplete darkness.
B. Navigating the path underwater.
C. Cmmunicating in extremely lw temperatures.
D. Dealing with the extremely high water pressure.
13. What des the underlined wrd “crrde” mst prbably mean?
A. Imprve.B. Destry.
C. Press.D. Remve.
14. What allwed Fenduzhe t perate at the Challenger Deep?
A. The use f a new navigatin system.
B. The use f an advanced tracking device.
C. The cabin made f a new titanium ally.
D. The cabin designed in the shape f a giant fish.
15. Why are humans sent fr underwater explratin instead f rbts nbard Fenduzhe?
A. Rbts can pick up insignificant signals.
B. Rbts can’t wrk well n the cean flr.
C. Humans can cnduct mre cmplex cean surveys.
D. Humans can detect things mre effectively and flexibly.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了中国深海载人潜水艇“奋斗者”号创下了10909米的国内载人深潜新纪录。成功下潜到了西太平洋马里亚纳海沟的挑战者深渊。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Fr deep-sea explratin, the biggest challenge is the water pressure.(在深海勘探中，最大的挑战是水压)”和“At the Challenger Deep, the water pressure is arund 11,250 tns per square meter, which is equivalent t 2,000 African elephants stepping n persn’s back.(在挑战者号海渊 ，水压约为每平方米11250吨，相当于2000头非洲象踩在人的背上)”可知，奋斗者号深潜器在探索马里亚纳海沟时所面临的最大挑战是处理极高的水压。故选D项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。上文“Anther threat is the seawater itself”说明海水本身也是一种威胁，which引导定语从句，指代“the seawater海水”，因此推断海水会“crrde”电子元件和电池，划线词与B项“破坏”意思相近。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段内容“T deal with these issues, Chinese scientists spent years creating a new titanium ally (钛合金) that is lightweight, but strng enugh fr the jb. The green, fish-shaped vehicle is the first manned submersible that can carry three peple t dive and cnduct full cean survey in the wrld.(为了解决这些问题，中国科学家花了数年时间制造了一种新的钛合金，它的重量很轻，但足够坚固。这艘绿色的鱼形潜水船是世界上第一艘能搭载三人潜水并进行全海洋调查的载人潜水器)”可知，奋斗者号的船舱由一种新的钛合金制成，使得它能够在挑战者号海渊运行。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段的“The cean flr is dark and can be very cludy due t sediment (沉淀物) and debris (废弃物), and cameras smetimes cannt detect things in these situatins as effectively as human eyes(海底是黑暗的，由于沉积物和废弃物，可能非常浑浊，在这些情况下，相机有时无法像人类的眼睛一样有效地探测到东西)”和最后一段的“In additin, humans may bring surprising discveries(此外，人类可能会带来惊人的发现)”以及下文的举例可推断，人类探索能够更有效、更灵活，可以带来惊人的发现，故选D项。
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 12. 5 分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The ReUseIt Netwrk
The ReUseIt Netwrk is an n-line frum that aims at finding new uses fr unwanted items that wuld therwise be thrwn int the trash (垃圾桶). ____16____ They can help each ther thrugh the netwrk.
The primary benefit f reusing items is that it reduces the amunt f reusable items that end up in the trash with a secndary benefit f reducing the verall amunt f items thrwn int landfills (垃圾场).____17____ As a result, the burden n ur natural resurces is reduced.
The ReUseIt Netwrk als prvides an pprtunity fr thse lking fr an item t ask fr it.____18____ It is a great way t help give away thse things which we may have frgtten, giving every member the chance t ReUseIt! In a sciety where many items are thrwn away lng befre they have actually utlived their use, the ReUseIt Netwrk is a great help nt nly t peple wh have free things but dn't want them but als t peple wh want them but dn't have them.
____19____ Simply list the item that yu wish t give away and wait fr smene t respnd saying that he r she is interested in taking the item. And then yu give away the item.
We d suggest that yu be hnest abut the cnditin f the items ffered. They dn't have t be in gd cnditin.____20____ Sme peple like t experiment with ld things, r need a part t make smething wrk. Yu may have just what they are lking fr! Make sure that all transactins (交易) are free and legal. And abve all, be friendly!
A. And in sme cases they can be nn-wrking.
B. If yu need an item, just jin the ReUseIt Netwrk.
C. The request may remind smene wh has unused items.
D. It als helps reduce the need t prduce additinal gds.
E. Nw yu may start yur participatin in the ReUseIt Netwrk.
F. Furthermre, it helps save mney fr thse with a tight budget.
G. It serves as a tl t make cnnectins between cmmunity members.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ReUseIt Netwrk这个在线论坛，旨在为那些本应被扔进垃圾桶的无用物品寻找新用途。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The ReUseIt Netwrk is an n-line frum that aims at finding new uses fr unwanted items that wuld therwise be thrwn int the trash（ReUseIt Netwrk是一个在线论坛，旨在为那些本应被扔进垃圾桶的无用物品寻找新用途）”和下文“They can help each ther thrugh the netwrk.（他们可以通过网络互相帮助）”可知，空处应说明ReUseIt Netwrk带来的好处。G项中的“cmmunity members.”和下文中的“they”对应。G项：It serves as a tl t make cnnectins between cmmunity members.（它是社区成员之间建立联系的工具）符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The primary benefit f reusing items is that it reduces the amunt f reusable items that end up in the trash with a secndary benefit f reducing the verall amunt f items thrwn int landfills.（再利用物品的主要好处是它减少了最终被扔进垃圾桶的可重复使用物品的数量，第二个好处是减少了被扔进垃圾填埋场的物品总量）”可知，本段主要说明再利用物品的好处。D项：It als helps reduce the need t prduce additinal gds.（它也有助于减少生产额外商品的需要）符合语境，als表明了前后文之间的并列关系。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The ReUseIt Netwrk als prvides an pprtunity fr thse lking fr an item t ask fr it.（The ReUseIt Netwrk还为那些寻找物品的人提供了一个请求的机会）”可知，C项中的“The request ”和“ask fr it.”对应，C项中的“the request”与上文的“ask fr it”对应。C项：The request may remind smene wh has unused items.（这个请求可能会提醒某人有未使用的物品）符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
空处为本段的主题句。根据下文内容“Simply list the item that yu wish t give away and wait fr smene t respnd saying that he r she is interested in taking the item. And then yu give away the item. （简单地列出你想要赠送的物品，然后等着别人回复说他或她有兴趣拿走这个物品。然后你就把东西送人了）”可知，本段主要呼吁人们加入the ReUseIt Netwrk并说明了方法。E项：Nw yu may start yur participatin in the ReUseIt Netwrk.（现在您可以开始参与the ReUseIt Netwrk）符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“We d suggest that yu be hnest abut the cnditin f the items ffered. They dn't have t be in gd cnditin.（我们确实建议你方对所报价商品的情况要诚实。他们不需要保持良好的状态）”和下文“Sme peple like t experiment with ld things, r need a part t make smething wrk. （有些人喜欢用旧东西做实验，或者需要一个零件来做一些事情）”可知，空处进一步说明商品不需要保持良好状态，因为有些人喜欢旧东西。A项：And in sme cases they can be nn-wrking.（在某些情况下，他们可能是不起作用的）符合语境。故选A。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 完形填空 (共 15小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On July 24, 1916, a natural gas explsin trapped 32 men wrking in a tunnel 250 feet belw Lake Erie. The first rescuers wh entered the tunnel were ____21____ by gas, and fr hurs n ne else dared t enter the suffcating (窒息的), ____22____ deathtrap.
Then, late that night, smene had an idea: ____23____ Garrett Mrgan and his new inventin. Garrett Mrgan was a successful factry wner in Cleveland. The sn f freed slaves and the seventh f 11 children, mechanically minded Mrgan had pened his wn sewing machine shp, which he sn ____24____ t a tailring factry with 32 emplyees.
In the early 1900s, factry buildings were crwded and untidy. They were ften made f wd, with n fire escapes. Fire culd cause serius ____25____. Cncerned abut his emplyees, Mrgan ____26____ with a “safety hd” (头罩) that wuld allw the wearer t ____27____ despite a fire’s pisnus smke.
Mrgan knew smke rises during a fire. Therefre, he created a heat-resistant hd with a lng tube reaching t the flr. Wearing Mrgan’s hd, a firefighter culd breathe the ____28____ air near the grund. Mrgan lined the breathing tube with a spnge-like material that was wetted befre use t _____29_____ the air. A secnd tube was designed t _____30_____ exhaled (呼出的) air.
Called t the scene n the night f the tunnel explsin, Garrett arrived with samples f his safety hd. Still in their nightwear, he and his brther Frank put n the hds and bravely entered the tunnel. It was a dangerus _____31_____ f the inventin, but they saved tw lives and _____32_____ fur bdies befre fficials clsed the _____33_____. Mrgan knew that mre lives might have been saved if he had been called sner.
The daring _____34_____ made Mrgan famus and brught requests fr safety hds frm fire departments arund the cuntry. But his greatest _____35_____ was knwing that his inventin wuld nw save mre peple.
21. A. litB. pweredC. vercmeD. verheated
22. A. changeableB. remarkableC. cautiusD. pisnus
23. A. shw ffB. send frC. ring ffD. call fr
24. A. declinedB. decidedC. expandedD. exprted
25. A. businessB. damageC. illnessD. dubts
26. A. experimentedB. assciatedC. equippedD. struggled
27. A. existB. cmmunicateC. breatheD. listen
28. A. cleanerB. thickerC. clderD. warmer
29. A. feelB. trapC. clD. heat
30. A. take awayB. get ffC. plluteD. release
31. A. taskB. testC. gameD. part
32. A. verlkedB. identifiedC. recveredD. buried
33. A. gapB. caseC. dealD. site
34. A. rescueB. attemptC. refrmD. escape
35. A. frtuneB. cmfrtC. achievementD. reward
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Garrett Mrgan发明的安全罩在一次隧道爆炸事故中的应用。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一批进入隧道的救援者被气体熏倒，几个小时内没有人敢进入这个令人窒息、有毒的死亡陷阱。A. lit点亮；B. pwered驱动；推动；C. vercme征服；D. verheated使过热。由下文“n ne else dared t enter the suffcating (窒息的), ____2____ deathtrap.”可知，没人敢进入窒息的隧道，因为第一批进入隧道的人被气体征服，即表示被气体熏倒，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一批进入隧道的救援者被气体熏倒，且几个小时了也没人敢进入窒息的，有毒的死亡陷阱。A. changeable可改变的；B. remarkable卓越的；C. cautius小心的；谨慎的；D. pisnus有毒的。由下文“deathtrap”可知，此处是死亡陷阱，所以气体是有毒的，故选D。
23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，那天晚上，有人想到一个主意：派人去请Garrett Mrgan且带他的新发明来。A. shw ff炫耀；B. send fr派人去请；请（某人）来；C. ring ff挂断电话；D. call fr提倡；要求。由下文“Called t the scene n the night f the tunnel explsin, Garrett arrived with samples f his safety hd.”可知，给Garrett打电话，请他来，然后他带着他的新发明来了，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是被解放奴隶的儿子，在11个孩子中排行老七，热爱机械的Mrgan开了自己的缝纫机店，不久又扩大成了有32名员工的裁缝厂。A. declined下降，拒绝；B. decided决定；C. expanded扩大；D. exprted出口。由下文“t a tailring factry with 32 emplyees.”可知，他扩大了自己的工厂，拥有32名员工，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：火灾会引起严重的损害。A. business商业；B. damage损害；C. illness生病；D. dubts怀疑。由上文“serius”和常识可知，火灾会引起严重的损害，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：关心他的员工，Mrgan试验了一种安全罩，让佩戴者在火灾产生有毒烟雾的情况下正常呼吸。A. experimented试验；B. assciated联系；C. equipped装备；D. struggled挣扎。由上文“Cncerned abut his emplyees,”可知，Mrgan关心自己的员工，结合下文“he created a heat-resistant hd”可知，他创造了一种耐高温的安全罩，此处表示他关心员工，所以试验了一种安全罩，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：关心他的员工，Mrgan试验了一种安全罩，让佩戴者在火灾产生有毒烟雾的情况下正常呼吸。A. exist存在；B. cmmunicate交流；C. breathe呼吸；D. listen听。由下文“despite a fire’s pisnus smke.”可知，尽管火灾会产生有毒烟雾，但是佩戴安全罩也能正常呼吸，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：带上Mrgan制作的头罩，消防员能呼吸地面附近的更加干净的空气。A. cleaner更干净的；B. thicker更厚的；C. clder更冷的；D. warmer更暖和的。由上文“Therefre, he created a heat-resistant hd with a lng tube reaching t the flr.”可知，Mrgan制作的头罩是耐高温的，有一个长管子接触地面，是为了让佩戴者能呼吸地面更加干净的空气，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mrgan用一种类似海绵的材料将呼吸管内衬起来，这种材料在用来冷却空气之前就被弄湿了。A. feel感觉；B. trap诱捕；C. cl冷却；D. heat加热。由上文“Mrgan lined the breathing tube with a spnge-like material that was wetted”可知，Mrgan呼吸管内湿的类似海绵的材料是用来冷却空气，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词(短语)词义辨析。句意：第二个管被设计是为了释放呼出的气体。A. take away带走；B. get ff脱下，从……下来；C. pllute污染；D. release释放。由下文“exhaled (呼出的) air”可知，第二个管是用来释放呼出的气体，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对这项发明的一次危险的测试，但在官方关闭现场之前，他们救了两条生命，找到了四具尸体。A. task任务；B. test测试；C. game游戏；D. part部分。由上文“he and his brther Frank put n the hds and bravely entered the tunnel.”可知，他和哥哥Frank带上安全罩，勇敢地进入隧道，这是对这项发明的一种危险测试，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是对这项发明的一次危险的测试，但在官方关闭现场之前，他们救了两条生命，找到了四具尸体。A. verlked忽视；B. identified鉴别，认出；C. recvered找回；D. buried埋。由下文“fur bdies”可知，他们找回了四具尸体，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对这项发明的一次危险的测试，但在官方关闭现场之前，他们救了两条生命，找到了四具尸体。A. gap间隙；B. case案例；C. deal交易；D. site地点。由上文“befre fficials clsed”可知，此处指在官方封锁现场前，即事故发生的地点，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次大胆地营救使Mrgan出名，并且全国各地消防部门都需要安全罩。A. rescue营救；B. attempt企图；C. refrm改革；D. escape逃走。由上文“he and his brther Frank put n the hds and bravely entered the tunnel.”可知，他和哥哥Frank带上安全罩，勇敢地进入隧道，这是一次大胆的营救，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是他最大的奖赏就是知道他的发明现在能挽救更多人。A. frtune财富，运气；B. cmfrt舒服；C. achievement成就；D. reward报酬，奖励。由下文“knwing that his inventin wuld nw save mre peple”可知，知道了他的发明能挽救更多人的生命，对他来说这是最大的奖励，故选D。
第二节 语法填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
The Dujiangyan is the ldest man-made water system in the wrld, and a wnder in the develpment f Chinese agriculture. ____36____ (build) ver 2,200 years ag in what is nw Sichuan Prvince in Suthwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still used tday.
In ancient times, the regin where Dujiangyan nw stands ____37____ (suffer) frm regular flds frm the Minjiang River. T help the victims f the flding, Li Bing, ____38____ regin gvernr, tgether with his sn, decided t find a slutin. Li designed a series f ____39____ (channel) built at different levels alng Munt Yulei that wuld take away the fldwaters while leaving the river ____40____ (flw) naturally. ____41____ (gd) still, the extra water culd be directed t the dry Chengdu Plain, making it suitable fr farming.
Once the system ____42____ (finish), n mre flds happened and the peple were able t live peacefully. Tday, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists frm arund the wrld because f ne feature. Unlike mdern dams, ____43____ the water is blcked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets waterflw thrugh the Minjiang River ____44____ (natural), making the ecsystem and fish ppulatins exist ____45____ peace.
【答案】36. Built
37. suffered
38. the 39. channels
40. flwing
41. Better 42. was finished
43. where 44. naturally
45. in
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了都江堰是世界上最古老的人造水系统，也是中国科学发展的奇迹。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这座建筑建于2200多年前，现在位于中国西南部的四川省，这一惊人的工程成就至今仍在使用。分析句子结构，此处与句子主语this amazing engineering achievement构成被动关系，用动词过去分词形式作状语。故填Built。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：在古代，都江堰现在所在的地区经常遭受来自岷江的洪水。分析句子结构，此处作句子谓语动词，结合In ancient times可知，动词用一般过去时态。故填suffered。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：为了帮助洪水灾民，该地区的省长李冰和他的儿子决定找到解决办法。由上文提及the regin，结合语境，此处要特指该地区，用定冠词。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：李先生设计了一系列沿玉雷山修建的不同高度的河道，这些河道可以带走洪水，同时让河流自然流动。channel河道，可数名词。a series f一系列，后面接名词复数形式。故填channels。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：李先生设计了一系列沿玉雷山修建的不同高度的河道，这些河道可以带走洪水，同时让河流自然流动。the river与flw是逻辑主谓关系，此处用现在分词形式表达河流持续流动的状态。故填flwing。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：更妙的是，多余的水可以被引导到干燥的成都平原，使其适合耕种。由上下文语意可知，此处表达“更妙的是”，用形容词gd的比较级。故填Better。
【42题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：一旦系统建成，就不再发生洪水，人民能够和平生活。分析句子结构，此处为从句谓语动词，与前面名词the system构成被动关系，结合句中happened可知，动词用一般过去时。故填was finished。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：与现代水坝不同，都江堰的水被一堵巨大的墙堵住了，都江堰仍然让水流自然流过岷江，使生态系统和鱼类种群和平共处。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是mdern dams，在从句作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：与现代水坝不同，都江堰的水被一堵巨大的墙堵住了，都江堰仍然让水流自然流过岷江，使生态系统和鱼类种群和平共处。分析句子成分，此处修饰句子Dujiangyan still lets waterflw thrugh the Minjiang River，用副词形式作状语。故填naturally。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：与现代水坝不同，都江堰的水被一堵巨大的墙堵住了，都江堰仍然让水流自然流过岷江，使生态系统和鱼类种群和平共处。固定搭配in peace“和平地，作状语”。故填in。
第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分)
46. 为唤起学生节水节电意识，你校于上周举办了以“节水节电，共建美好家园”为主题的系列活动。假定你是李华，请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动时间、地点及参加人员； 2.活动内容； 3.活动反响。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Last week, a series f activities n the theme f "saving electricity fr a better hme" were held in ur schl t aruse the awareness f saving electricity. All the students participated with great enthusiasm.
Thrughut the week, an exhibitin f psters drawn by students themselves was arranged, publicizing practical suggestins n hw t save electricity, such as turning ff lights when leaving the classrm. On the last day, students attended a cmpetitin in the lecture hall, after which a shrt vide abut the current situatin f electricity utilizatin was highly appreciated.
The activities turned ut t be a success and received high praise. Students all realized the urgency and respnsibility t save electricity.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为校英语报写一篇报道，介绍以“节水节电，共建美好家园”为主题的系列活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主题：tpic→theme
建议：advice→suggestin
成功的：successful→be a success
意识到：be aware f→realize
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last week, a series f activities n the theme f "saving electricity fr a better hme" were held in ur schl t aruse the awareness f saving electricity.
拓展句：Last week, a series f activities, whse theme is "saving electricity fr a better hme", were held in ur schl t aruse the awareness f saving electricity.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Thrughut the week, an exhibitin f psters drawn by students themselves was arranged, publicizing practical suggestins n hw t save electricity, such as turning ff lights when leaving the classrm. (运用了疑问词+不定式作宾语)
[高分句型2] On the last day, students attended a cmpetitin in the lecture hall, after which a shrt vide abut the current situatin f electricity utilizatin was highly appreciated. (运用了“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Whether we ntice it r nt, ur child is a little reflectin f urselves. They grw up lking mre and mre like us. They even have similar persnalities and hbbies. And in sme cases, the standard f chsing a gd friend.
One day, my 10-year-ld Jane said, “Mm, I made a new friend at schl tday. Can she cme ver tmrrw?” Her wrds made me extremely happy because Jane was a shy girl and I wanted her t make sme friends t bring her ut f her shell.
“Sure, hney, that sunds great.” I said, thinking back t my wn childhd best friend, Susan. We lived acrss the street frm each ther in Washingtn Heights, New Yrk. We met at the age f 10, t. Like my daughter. I was shy and had truble making friends. But Susan drew me ut. She was ne f the friendliest peple in schl, with shiny black hair and a mile-wide smile. Thanks t Susan. I was happy every day.
In senir high schl, Susan went n a trip t Flrida. This was the first time we had t be away frm each ther fr a few days. “I’ll be back sn and I will write t yu as sn as I arrive.” she tld me. But I didn’t get her phne call nr receive any mail frm her. Sn, my family mved t New Jersey, making my hpe f seeing Susan impssible.
Whenever I thught f him, tears came int my eyes.
The next day Jane brught her new friend hme. “Hi, Mrs. Smith.” the little girl said. Her hair was s shiny and black and she gave me a big smile. “My name is J. My mm will pick me up 2 hurs later.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:
I was puzzled because my daughter’s new friend lked s familiar.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Tw hurs passed really quickly, and there was a knck n the dr.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I was puzzled because my daughter’s new friend lked s familiar. But I was sure that I had never met J befre. She tld me that her family just mved frm Ls Angeles, which puzzled me even mre because I had never been t Ls Angeles and we had n relatives living in Ls Angeles, either. I cnvinced myself that it was nly my imaginatin. The tw girls gt n very well and they giggled frm time t time. I watched them play and felt s happy fr my daughter frm the bttm f my heart.
Tw hurs passed really quickly, and there was a knck n the dr. It was J’s mm cming t pick her up later that afternn. On seeing her face, I was shcked. “Judy!” she cried. “It’s me, Susan!” We embraced each ther. It turned ut that her father’s cmpany sent his father t Ls Angeles befre they settled in Flrida. She tried calling me later but we had mved. The tw little girls were happy t see their mthers became gd friends at nce befre we tld them ur stry, with happy tears rlling dwn ur cheeks.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者的女儿Jane想要邀请自己的朋友来家里，这让作者想起了自己童年时的好朋友Susan，回忆了当初和Susan相处的事情，后来因为作者搬家就没能再和Susan见面。第二天Jane把新朋友带回家，小女孩说自己叫J，她妈妈两个小时后来接她。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：我很困惑，因为我女儿的新朋友看起来很面熟。所以后文应该是讲述作者对于觉得J面熟的困惑，以及看到J和Jane两个女孩相处得很好，作者从心底里为女儿感到高兴。
第二段开头是：两个小时过得真快，有人敲门。本段应该写J的妈妈来接J，作者发现正是Susan，Susan曾经联系过作者，但作者一家已经搬走了。两个小女孩也很为他们高兴，Susan和作者都留下了快乐的泪水。
最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：puzzle sb.；cnvince neself that；imaginatin；get n very well；turn ut等高级词汇；She tld me that her family just mved frm Ls Angeles, which puzzled me even mre because I had never been t Ls Angeles and we had n relatives living in Ls Angeles, either.运用宾语从句和非限制性定语从句；The tw little girls were happy t see their mthers became gd friends at nce befre we tld them ur stry, with happy tears rlling dwn ur cheeks.运用时间状语从句等高级句式。