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2022-2023学年广东省汕头市金山中学高三上学期第二次月考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年广东省汕头市金山中学高三上学期第二次月考英语试题含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，99等内容，欢迎下载使用。
汕头市金山中学2023届高三第一学期第二次月考
英语
(满分120分 考试用时120分钟)
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Skillshare is a video lesson app which has become highly popular nowadays. It will likely appeal more to older kids (age 14+) since classes focus primarily on professional development with topics like digital design, technology and marketing. There are also plenty of art and music classes for more creative learners. Read the developer’s privacy policy for details on how your kid’s information is collected, used and shared, and any choices you may have in the matter, and this privacy policy applies to all users.
What is it about?
Skillshare has a large database of online lessons taught by industry experts. Kids can search for a class by topic or by entering key words. Each class contains a series of video lessons that are taught as a lecture. Some classes have only a few lessons, while others have 10 or more. In fact, one guitar class has more than 100 lessons. Many classes include projects, and most end with a brief Final Thoughts lesson to sum up the class content. There’s a review section where users can leave advice. Kids can watch the lessons within that class directly from the app. They can also save classes to watch later, and any classes they begin are automatically saved to a watch list. Many classes are offered in the free version of the app, and a paid version gives users access to a much more extensive class list—more than 28,000 lessons.
Is it any good?
All the teachers in the app are passionate about their work, so it’s an excellent way to foster the same passion in your kids, as long as there is a genuine interest in the content being offered.
What kind of membership are you interested in?
1 month
6 months
12 months
36 months
$1499 per month
$12.99 per month
$10.99 per month
$6.99 per month
You can cancel any time.
Email address for contact: skillshare@gdpr-rep.com
1. The passage is intended for ______.
A. kids B. parents C. teachers D. industry experts
2. How much should you pay monthly for an annual membership?
A. $14.99. B. $12.99. C. $10.99 . D. $6.99.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Skillshare allows curious older kids to learn at their own pace.
B. The privacy policy is limited to the registered members of Skillshare.
C. Subscribers can only cancel the order within one month of its purchase.
D. Each class has more than 100 career-related lessons in the Skillshare app.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇广告。Skillshare是一款非常流行的视频教学应用，这是一篇针对它的广告。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“Read the developer’s privacy policy for details on how your kid’s information is collected”（请阅读开发者的隐私政策，了解您孩子的信息是如何收集的）可推知，文章的阅读对象是家长。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What kind of membership are you interested in?”部分的表格中可知，一年的会员每个月需交$10.99。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据“What is it about?”部分中的第八句和第九句“Kids can watch the lessons within that class directly from the app. They can also save classes to watch later, and any classes they begin are automatically saved to a watch list. ”（孩子们可以直接从应用程序中观看该课程的课程。他们还可以保存课程以便以后观看，他们开始的任何课程都会自动保存到一个观看列表中。）可知，Skillshare允许按照自己的节奏学习。根据第一段第二句“It will likely appeal more to older kids (age 14+)”（它可能会更吸引年龄较大的孩子(14岁以上)）可知，Skillshare允许较大的孩子按照自己的节奏学习。故选A。
B
81-year-old Paul Harvey became well-known last September after his son Nick had recorded his two-minute piece from four notes—F natural, A, D, and B natural—and posted it on Twitter.
Nick posted the piece online to show how musical ability can survive memory loss and Paul won the hearts of the British nation when he played the piano from his home in Sussex live on the television.
To mark a year since he played his composition, Paul was invited to conduct the BBC Phiharmonic orchestra(管弦乐队) playing two of his compositions at the studio in Salford. He spent an emotional afternoon with the orchestra, during which he conducted both Four Notes, while his son Nick played the piano, and an older composition of his called Where’s the Sunshine.
Paul, a former music teacher and classical pianist, said. “It was magical, it was very, very special to work with such wonderful musicians. It made me feel alive, I couldn’t believe that an orchestra was playing my music and I was standing in front of it conducting them.”
Five years ago, Paul moved into sheltered accommodation as part of his dementia(痴呆症) care.
Nick, who joined Paul on the trip—organized by Music For Dementia—had seen his dad “come alive again” since the video of him playing piano went online.
He said, “His short term memory is generally shot to pieces but when big events like this happen it’s like a branding iron on his brain. From my experience with dad, the right piece of music at the right time can be absolutely incredible. For the first time in years he has got active again. It really brought him back to life again.”
Campaign Director at Music for Dementia, Grace Meadows said. “Seeing Paul performing beyond his dementia and having the contact with the musicians was a wonderful thing. It was very emotional.”
4. What made Paul popular with people?
A. A musical he recorded. B. The movie he starred in.
C. A video of him playing the piano. D. His extraordinary memory for music.
5. Why was Paul invited to perform his work?
A. To show off his musical talent.
B. To work with excellent musicians.
C. To set an example for people with dementia.
D. To mark the first anniversary of his online video
6. What does Nick say about Paul’s experience?
A. Short-term memory is changeable. B. Playing the piano can cure diseases.
C. The impact of the right music is huge. D. More videos should be taken for the elderly.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. “It was a dream!” B. “It was magical!”
C. “He was gifted!” D. “He was a success!”
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述患有痴呆症的保罗将音乐能力保留了下来。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“81-year-old Paul Harvey became well-known last September after his son Nick had recorded his two-minute piece from four notes—F natural, A, D, and B natural—and posted it on Twitter.”（去年9月，81岁的保罗·哈维的儿子尼克用四个音符——自然F、自然A、自然D和自然B——录制了这段两分钟的音乐，并将其发布在了推特上，之后保罗就出名了）可知，一个保罗弹奏钢琴的视频使得他出名了。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To mark a year since he played his composition, Paul was invited to conduct the BBC Phiharmonic orchestra(管弦乐队) playing two of his compositions at the studio in Salford.”（为了纪念保罗演奏他的作品一周年，他被邀请在索尔福德的工作室指挥BBC爱乐乐团演奏他的两首作品。）可知，保罗被邀请演奏他的作品是为了纪念他自己演奏他的作品一周年。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“From my experience with dad, the right piece of music at the right time can be absolutely incredible.”（从我和爸爸相处的经验来看，在正确的时间演奏正确的音乐绝对是不可思议的）可知，尼克认为正确的音乐的影响是巨大的。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Campaign Director at Music for Dementia, Grace Meadows said. ‘Seeing Paul performing beyond his dementia and having the contact with the musicians was a wonderful thing. It was very emotional.’”（痴呆症音乐运动总监格蕾丝·梅多斯说：“看到保罗在他的痴呆症之外表演，并与音乐家们接触，这是一件美妙的事情。非常感人。”）以及文章内容可知，文章主要讲述的是保罗的音乐能力在痴呆症中保存下来；是一件奇妙的事情。故“太神奇了”可以作为本文的标题。故选B。
C
The ruins of a huge Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR, according to the National Geographic on Thursday.
This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors, which can survey landscapes in 3D by reflecting laser pulses off the ground from unmanned air vehicles and others. LiDAR is exceptionally useful for detecting archeological sites (考古遗址), as it gets through jungles and other features that hold up exploration on the ground. The technique has been the activator (催化剂) of many discoveries in recent years. For instance, major finds at Angkor, Cambodia and Caracol, Belize can explain what it did.
This large lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna—known for their temples and pyramids—but shows that these famous heritage areas are the tip of the iceberg of this lost urban network.
Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60,000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, some of which can even reach the modernized standard—have been identified by an international cooperation of researchers headed by the PACUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization. Those have experts rethinking the outlines and complexity of the Maya empire.
These ancient peoples obviously established these imaginative cultures based on their known relics, but the new research has shown that the scale of this lost society is far beyond what experts had imagined. The findings will be explored in an hour-long documentary called Lost Treasures of the Maya Snake Kings, premiering (首映) Tuesday, February 6 on the National Geographic Channel.
“There are entire cities we didn’t know about now showing up in the survey data,” said Francisco Belli, one of the lead archeologists on the project. “There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities there that we don’t know about, and we will push the frontiers,” he added.
8. What can we know about LiDAR?
A. It’s a breakthrough in archeology. B. It’s major equipment in air forces.
C. It was first used in discovering a Maya city. D. It’s a remote sensing technique using laser pulses.
9. What does the underlined word “Those” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The jungles of the Reserve. B. The outlines of the Maya empire.
C. The researchers of the organization. D. The man-made projects of the Reserve.
10. Which of the following words can best describe the Maya empire?
A. Famous and dangerous. B. Vast and highly developed.
C. Mountainous and aggressive. D. Enormous and traditional.
11. What do archeologists hope to do next?
A. Restudy the history of Maya. B. Use the LiDAR sensors as usual.
C. Continue to explore the unknown. D. Study the documentary more carefully.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了考古学家们利用LiDAR技术,在危地马拉发现了一处巨大的玛雅城市遗迹。由于这座城市遗迹只是玛雅帝国的冰山一角，因此，曾经高度发达、疆域辽阔的玛雅帝国仍将是未来考古人员继续探索的对象。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The ruins of a huge Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR, (在远程感知技术LiDAR的帮助下，一座玛雅城市的遗迹在危地马拉被发掘出来)”和第二段“This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors, which can survey landscapes in 3D by reflecting laser pulses off the ground from unmanned air vehicles and others. (这项突破性的考古发现要感谢感知器LiDAR。它能反射来自无人飞行器和其他设备的激光脉冲，用立体三维技术呈像探查这片区域)”可知，LiDAR是一项使用激光脉冲的遥感技术。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60,000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, some of which can even reach the modernized standard (城市遗迹隐藏在玛雅生态保护区处的密林之下。超过6万多项人造工程有房舍、运河。高速公路，它们当中有一些建造水准已经达到当代的水平)”可知，划线代词those指的是前文中提到的“玛雅生物保护区的6万多项人造工程”。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“This large lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna—known for their temples and pyramids—but shows that these famous heritage areas are the tip of the iceberg of this lost urban network. (这座湮没的巨大城市，包括像Tikal, Holmul,和Witzna等地方，均以金字塔和神庙闻名。而这些文化遗迹却只是古代城市系统的冰山一角)”和文章第四段“Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60,000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, some of which can even reach the modernized standard (城市遗迹隐藏在玛雅生态保护区处的密林之下。超过6万多项人造工程有房舍、运河。高速公路，它们当中有一些建造水准已经达到当代的水平)”可知，玛雅帝国疆域辽阔，且高度发达。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities there that we don’t know about, and we will push the frontiers,” he added. (还有20000平方千米的区域尚未发掘探索，有上百座未见天日的古城，因此我们会持续推进发掘工作)”可知，考古人员将继续探索发掘未知的玛雅遗迹。故选C项。
D
You may be familiar with the statistic that 90% of the world’s data were created in the last few years. The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.
To understand why this matters, consider the findings from social science about ‘recency bias (倾向)’, which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind.
It’s also worth remembering that novelty tends to be a dominant consideration when deciding what data to keep or delete. Out with the old and in with the new. That’s the digital trend in a world where search algorithms (算法) are systematically biased towards freshness. They are designed in line with human preference. Such a bias towards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them.
What’s really needed is something thought of as “intelligent forgetting”: learning to let go of the immediate past in order to keep its larger continuities in view. It’s an act similar to organising a photograph album— although with more maths. When are two million photographs less valuable than two thousand?
Many data sets are irreducible and most precious when complete: gene sequences; demographic (人口的) data; the raw, hard knowledge of geography and physics. The softer the science, however, the more that scale is likely to be reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data. Either we choose carefully what endures, matters and meaningfully captures our past— or its toot print is silently replaced by the present’s growing noise. Mere gathering is no cure-all answer. In an era of bigger and bigger data, the leading warning for those who have to make decisions is that what you choose not to know matters just as much as what you do.
12. What is the major problem with the explosion of recent information?
A. Trends are too quickly produced.
B. People have poor eyesight alter viewing too much information.
C. Present information is given too much emphasis.
D. Prediction for future development largely depends on the past information.
13. What causes widespread preference for newness?
A. That algorithms requires the latest to make accurate prediction.
B. That humans are accustomed to losing interest in old things.
C. That short renewed period is the feature of modem data.
D. That search algorithms keep uncovering the value of the newness.
14. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Recent past experience is rarely used to provide reference for future events.
B. The quality of geographic knowledge depends on photo sorting rather than full data.
C. Intelligent forgetting refers to replacing the immediate past with far-back data.
D. Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isn’t in line with quality.
15. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The side effect of digital innovation.
B. The values of complete data in softer subjects.
C. The data discrimination caused by algorithms.
D. The faulty preference for fresh data and ways out.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人们以牺牲历史为代价，过高估计近期信息，形成对新数据错误的偏好。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.（这样的信息增长速度带来的最大挫折是，现在的时刻总是比过去的时刻出现得更大。短视在这个结构中根深蒂固，表现为一种压倒性的倾向，即以牺牲历史为代价，过高估计近期信息。）”可知，最近信息爆炸的主要问题是现在的信息被过分强调了。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Such a bias towards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them.（这种对现在的偏见从结构上根植于人类的弱点，即我们不断抛弃我们曾经珍惜的东西，仅仅因为我们对它们感到厌倦。 ）”可知，导致人们对新事物的普遍偏好的是人类已经习惯了对旧事物失去兴趣。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The softer the science, however, the more that scale is likely to be reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data.（然而，科学越软，这个尺度就越有可能与质量反向联系。在这些情况下，时间本身就非常重要，可以作为判断数据价值的试 金石。）”可知，当数据质量与质量不符时，时间可以帮助我们评估数据，即Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isn’t in line with quality，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.（短视在这个结构中根深蒂固，表现为一种压倒性的倾向，即以牺牲历史为代价，过高估计近期信息。”尤其是第二段的“To understand why this matters, consider the findings from social science about ‘recency bias (倾向)’, which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind.（要理解为什么这很重要，考虑一下社会科学关于“近因偏见”的发现，它描述了一种倾向，即假设未来的事件与最近的经历非常相似。人们倾向于不成比例地根据最容易想到的东西来思考。）”可知，本文主要讲的是人们对新数据的错误偏好。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Save Water During a Drought?
The drought is happening because of climate change. California just had its driest year in a century. Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a statewide drought emergency, asking all Californians to save water in every way possible. ___16___ , though you can’t save California on your own
Small things can add up. You’ve probably heard these tips before, but consider this a refresher course: Don’t let the water running while you wash dishes in the sink or washing, brushing or shaving. ___17___ . Water outdoor plants in the morning or evening, so you don’t lose as much water to evaporation in the midday sun.
Replace old appliances. How old is your toilet? If it’s from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less. ___18___ . Upgrading your dishwasher and washing machine and any other water-intensive appliance will also pay savings dividends(红利), in both water and energy costs.
___19___ . Keep an eye on your water bill. If it creeps higher than normal without a good reason, investigate whether you have a leak somewhere. Depending on the type of water meter(仪表)you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whether anything is still moving through your system, ___20___ .
Consider your overall lifestyle of water usage and do everything within your power to use less water. Individual action can make a big change.
A. Focus on the water bill
B. Individual action matters
C. Find out the potential problem
D. They can save a lot per household per day
E. It’s political action that brings a significant change
F. You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there’s a problem
G. Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了早灾发生时如何节约用水。
【16题详解】
设空处后though引导让步状语从句，根据后半句“though you can’t save California on your own（尽管你凭一己之力无法拯救加州）”，虽然不能凭一己之力救加州，但个人的行为也是大有影响的。B项Individual action matters（个人行动很重要）符合题意。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段主旨句“Small things can add up（小事情可以积累 ）”，可知设空处与生活中小事的积累可以帮助解决问题有关。G项Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load（只有在洗衣机和洗碗机满载时才开动）生活中的小事，符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文提示“How old is your toilet? If it's from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less.（你的厕所用了多久了? 如果是1990年以前的，每次冲水要消耗6加仑。 较新的厕所可能只消耗1.28加仑或更少的水）”，可知，新旧坐便器对比，新的能节约水。D项They can save a lot per household per day（它们可以为每户每天节省很多）符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
设空处为所在段落主旨句，应该用短小精悍的，在A项和C项中选择。再根据该段关键信息“investigate whether you have a leak somewhere（调查一下你是否在什么地方有漏洞）”，可知该段说明要查找是否有漏水现象。C项Find out the potential problem（找出潜在的问题）概括了这一内容，符合题意。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据设空处上一句中“Depending on the type of water meter(仪表)you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whether anything is still moving through your system（根据你的水表的类型，你可以在所有的水关闭的情况下监控水表，看看是否有东西仍在通过你的系统）”，推知设空处是另一种检测漏水的方式。F项You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there’s a problem（一旦出现问题，你也可以使用智能探测器来告诉你）中的also，a smart detector提供了线索，符合题意。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Preet Chandi, an Asian woman, returned from a trek（徒步旅行）across Greenland last year. She hopes to ____21____ an unsupported trek across Antarctica to the south pole by herself. The 700-mile journey will take about 45 days. She will face the ____22____ cold of -50℃ while dragging a sled weighing 95kg when she ____23____.
Preet Chandi ____24____ it is a tough journey. But she feels well prepared after years of ____25____. In recent weeks she has been ____26____ tyres around the streets near her home. She has received a number of curious questions from ____27____. “If you come from a community that is not involved in ____28____ at all, it can be really hard,” she said, adding that a number of people thought she was to ____29____ for Southall, in west London, not to the south pole. “It’s just beyond their____30____.”
In the south pole, one may ____31____ nothing in front for days except snow. It is quite a mental____32____. Thus, her partner has left messages inside her tent, while friends have ____33____ voice notes for her to listen to on the journey.
When she returns, she plans to put aside some money to ____34____ more women to try outdoor adventures. She is pleased to see change in what has ____35____ been a male-dominated area. What an inspiring woman!
21. A. abandon B. sponsor C. complete D. introduce
22. A. refreshing B. biting C. bearable D. slight
23. A. settles down B. checks out C. sets off D. turns up
24. A. admits B. denies C. hopes D. prays
25. A. working B. adjustment C. struggle D. training
26. A. lifting B. dragging C. rolling D. pushing
27. A. passers-by B. explorers C. visitors D. cyclists
28. A. activities B. adventures C. competitions D. sports
29. A. push B. run C. head D. look
30. A. control B. ability C. reach D. knowledge
31. A. touch B. feel C. see D. smell
32. A. challenge B. trouble C. dilemma D. success
33. A. played B. recorded C. presented D. taken
34. A. urge B. persuade C. command D. fund
35. A. extremely B. incredibly C. temporarily D. typically
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了希望能独自完成穿越南极洲到南极无支撑徒步旅行的一位亚洲女性普里特·钱迪。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她希望能独自完成穿越南极洲到南极的无支撑徒步旅行。A. abandon放弃；B. sponsor赞助；C. complete完成；D. introduce介绍。根据上文“Preet Chandi, an Asian woman, returned from a trek across Greenland last year.（亚洲女性普里特·钱迪去年徒步穿越格陵兰岛回来。）”可知，这次她希望能独自完成穿越南极洲到南极的徒步旅行，故选择C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她出发时拖着一辆95公斤重的雪橇，将面临-50℃的严寒。A. refreshing令人耳目一新的；B. biting刺骨的；C. bearable可忍受的；D. slight轻微的。根据下文的“cold of -50℃（零下50℃的低温）”可知，这里说的是刺骨的，故选择B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. settles down安定下来；B. checks out检查；C. sets off动身，出发；D. turns up出现。根据上文“She will face the__2____cold of -50℃ while dragging a sled weighing 95kg（她拖着一辆95公斤重的雪橇，将面临-50℃的严寒。）”可知，这里说的是她出发时，故选择C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：普里特·钱迪承认这是一段艰难的旅程。A. admits承认；B. denies 否定；C. hopes希望；D. prays祈祷。根据下文“But she feels well prepared after years of ____5____（但经过多年的训练，她觉得自己准备得很好。）”可知，她承认这是个艰难的旅程，所以进行了多年的训练，故选择A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但经过多年的训练，她觉得自己准备好了。A. working工作；B. adjustment调整；C. struggle斗争；D. training训练。根据上文“Preet Chandi____4____ it is a tough journey. But she feels well prepared But she feels well prepared（普里特·钱迪承认这是一段艰难的旅程。她觉得自己准备好了）”可知，这里说的是多年的训练后，她觉得自己准备好了，故选择D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近几周，她一直在家附近的街道上拖着轮胎。A. lifting举起；B. dragging拖拽；C. rolling翻滚；D. pushing推。根据第一段中“She will face the biting cold of -50℃ while dragging a sled weighing 95kg when she ___3____.（她出发时拖着一辆95公斤重的雪橇，将面临-50℃的严寒。）”可知，她是在为出发时，拖拽雪橇在进行训练，故选择B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从路人那里收到了许多奇怪的问题。A.过路人；B. explorers探险者；C. visitors游客；D. cyclists骑自行车的人。根据上文“In recent weeks she has been ___6___tyres around the streets near her home.（最近几周，她一直在家附近的街道上拖着轮胎。）”可知，在她家附近遇到的应该是过路人，故选择A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“如果你来自一个完全不参与冒险的社区，那就真的很难了。”A. activities活动；B. adventures冒险经历；C. competitions竞争；D. sports运动。根据下文“adding that a number of people thought she was to____9____ for Southall, in west London, not to the south pole.（她补充说，许多人认为她是去伦敦西部的索斯霍尔，而不是去南极。）”可知，这里说的是来自不参与冒险的社区，故选择B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，许多人认为她是去伦敦西部的索斯霍尔，而不是去南极。A. push推；B. run跑；C. head朝…行进；D. look看。根据第一段中“She hopes to __1___ an unsupported trek across Antarctica to the south pole by herself.（他希望能独自完成穿越南极洲到南极的无支撑徒步旅行。）”可知，这里说的是要朝南极进发，故选择C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这超出了他们的知识范围。A. control控制；B. ability能力；C. reach河段；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“adding that a number of people thought she was to____9____ for Southall, in west London, not to the south pole.（她补充说，许多人认为她是去伦敦西部的索斯霍尔，而不是去南极。）”可知，这里说的是超出了他们的知识范围，故选择D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在南极，人们可能会在未来几天里除了雪什么都看不到。A. touch触摸；B. feel感觉；C. see看；D. smell闻。根据上文“In the south pole,（在南极）”以及下文中的“except snow（除了雪）”可知，这里说的是除了雪什么都看不到，故选择C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个相当大的心理挑战。A. challenge挑战；B. trouble麻烦；C. dilemma窘境；D. success成功。根据上文“In the south pole, one may___12___nothing in front for days except snow（在南极，人们可能会在未来几天里除了雪什么都看不到。）”可知，这里说的是很大的心理挑战，故选择A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她的伴侣在她的帐篷里留言，而朋友们则录制了语音消息，让她在旅途中听。A. played玩；B. recorded录制；C. presented颁发；D. taken取走。根据下文“for her to listen to on the journey.（让她在旅途中听）”可知，这里说的是录制了语音消息，故选择B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她回来的时候，她计划存一些钱来资助更多的女性尝试户外冒险。A. urge敦促；B. persuade说服；C. command命令；D. fund为…提供资金。根据上文“When she returns, she plans to put aside some money（当她回来时，她打算存一些钱）”可知，这里说的是资助更多的女性尝试户外冒险，故选择D项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她很高兴看到通常男性占主导地位的领域发生了变化。A. extremely极度地；B. incredibly难以置信地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. typically通常。根据上文的“outdoor adventures（户外冒险）”可知，这是男性通常占主导地位的领域，故选择D项。
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two men were walking on a path in the mountain when it cracked below their feet, leaving them ___36___ (stick) at the top of what remained.
When the rescue party arrived on the scene, one man ___37___ (seat) at the top of the steep slope while the other was lying down on the rocky ground below, holding onto his friend’s leg. ___38___ the time rescuers arrived, he had been holding on to his friend for 45 minutes.
The helicopter, ___39___ came to their rescue, flew about 100 feet above the two men ___40___ (avoid) removing any of the ground. The two were not only on ___41___ (stable) ground, but one of them was holding the other. Therefore, the rescue work was very difficult. The rescue workers had to be extremely careful as the ___42___ (condition) underfoot were just too unpredictable.
One of the rescue workers went down on the wire from the helicopter and managed to quickly secure a rope around the ___43___ (low) of the two men, before lifting him to the aircraft. ___44___ same procedure was repeated for his walking partner.
The two walkers raised the alarm at 11.05 am on Sunday and were rescued by 12.20 pm. ____45____ of them was injured but they were left “very shaken” by the experience. Both walkers were said to be experienced and well-equipped.
【答案】36. stuck
37. was seated
38. By 39. which
40. to avoid
41. unstable
42. conditions
43. lower 44. The
45. Neither
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了救援队救援两名被困在山上的人的过程。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：两个人在山上的一条小路上行走时，脚下的小路裂开了，他们被困在了残余部分的顶部。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“cracked”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“stick”意为“卡住，陷入”，动词词性，“them”和“stick”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“stick”的过去分词“stuck”作宾语补足语。故填stuck。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：当救援队到达现场时，一名男子位于陡坡的顶部，另一名男子躺在下面的岩石地面上，抓住朋友的腿。根据句中“When the rescue party arrived on the scene”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，“one man”和“seat”为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，“one man”和“was”连用，“seat”的过去分词为“seated”，故空格处应填“was seated”。故填was seated。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：在救援人员赶到之前，他已经抓住朋友45分钟了。根据句中“had been holding”可知，句子为过去完成进行时，故空格处应用介词“by”，意为“在……之前（为止）”，“by the time rescuers arrived”为过去完成进行时的时间状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填By。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：救援人员乘坐的直升机在两名男子上方约100英尺处飞行，以避免将地面移动。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“helicopter”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：救援人员乘坐的直升机在两名男子上方约100英尺处飞行，以避免将地面移动。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“flew”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“避免将地面移动”是直升机在两名男子上方约100英尺处飞行的目的，故应用不定式作目的状语，“avoid”意为“避免”，动词词性，故空格处应用“to avoid”。故填to avoid。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这两人不仅在不稳固的地面上，而且其中一人还抓住了另一人。分析句子可知，“ground”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，“stable”意为“稳固的”，形容词词性，根据上文可知，小路裂开了，地面应该是不稳固的，“unstable”意为“不稳固的”，形容词词性，作定语。故填unstable。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：救援人员必须非常小心，因为脚下的情况太不可预测了。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作主语，“condition”意为“情况”，为可数名词，根据句中“were”可知，应用“condition”的复数形式“conditions”。故填conditions。
43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：其中一名救援人员从直升机上爬下金属线，迅速将绳子系在两名男子中位置较低的那个，然后将其抬上飞机。根据上文内容可知，，一名男子位于陡坡的顶部，另一名男子躺在下面的岩石地面上，两人位置一高一低，由此可知，句中应用比较级，迅速将绳子系在两名男子中位置较低的那个，“low”意为“低的”，形容词词性，比较级为“lower”。故填lower。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对他的行走伙伴重复同样的步骤。分析句子可知，“same”意为“相同的”，形容词词性，前面一般用定冠词“the”修饰，表特指，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们都没有受伤，但这次经历让他们“非常震惊”。根据句意可知，句中指两个人都没有受伤，空格处应用代词“neither”，意为“两者都不”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Neither。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，9月18日你校高三全体学生参观了市艺术博物馆。请你为校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1.参加人员、时间；
2.活动内容；
3.活动反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.标题已给。
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Visit to the City Art Museum
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Visit to the City Art Museum
On September 18th, all the students of senior 3 paid a visit to the city art museum, which turned out to be a rewarding journey.
Under the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest. They were also lucky enough to get involved in a hands-on activity where they practiced some traditional crafts.
This experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into magnificent Chinese cultures and consequently took more pride in our time-honored civilization.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道9月18日学校高三全体学生参观市艺术博物馆的事情。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旅行：tour→trip→journey
欣赏：enjoy→appreciate
也：too→also
获得：get→gain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Under the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest.
拓展句：Under the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another while they appreciated the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest.
【点睛】【高分句型1】On September 18th, all the students of senior 3 paid a visit to the city art museum, which turned out to be a rewarding journey. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】This experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into magnificent Chinese cultures and consequently took more pride in our time-honored civilization. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mary waited anxiously for her turn in the empty dressing room. Never had she been so nervous before. This competition was of vital importance to her comeback. “If I can win today，”she said to herself，“I can dance on the national stage next month.” Three months ago，her left arm was seriously injured in a car accident. After the medical treatment，she began to recover slowly. She practiced over and over again in order to regain her dancing skills.
“Hi，Mary，”in rushed her friend Jessica. “How is your arm? Is it going to influence your performance?”
“I guess it can be tolerated for I am to win the match.” said Mary with a determined look.
“Admirable! But I hear that a girl called Linda is really gifted and strong. She can be your real well-matched competitor. Come on!”
After Jessica left，Mary decided to practice her most difficult spin. “If I don’t try harder，I won’t grasp this chance.” She thought. But her arm began to hurt，making her worried. “Mary，what makes you think you have a chance tonight?” she said to herself. After the pain was gone，she continued to warm up.
A slim girl hurried in and put down an equipment bag on the chair. Then，she took out her dance dress quickly and put it on skillfully. Seeing Mary，she smiled politely and said “Hi，I’m Linda. I am the next one!” Mary nodded in reply but felt uncomfortable. “This is just my competitor. Because of her，I may lose tonight.” Her mind was wandering when Linda let out a scream，“Oh，God，I can’t find my music tape!” Linda searched her bag but in vain. “It may be missing on the way.” With these words，she then rushed out.
注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右;
2.续写部分分为两段，请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly，Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Linda finished her dancing successfully and then came Mary’s turn.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly，Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag. She bent over to pick it up. “Linda’s music tape!” She cried out in surprise. “It must have rolled out of her bag，when she got changed here.” At this moment，an idea flashed through her mind，which made her rooted to the spot. “Without her music tape，Linda will surely lose;without this real competitor，I will definitely win.” At the thought of this，Mary shivered slightly. She was wondering what to do next. She hesitated for a second and then hurried out to give the music tape to Linda，who was extremely anxious in the corridor. Linda was so grateful to Mary，and she began her performance.
Linda finished her dancing successfully，and then came Mary’s turn. Mary walked on the stage with her heart beating faster and faster. Nervous as she was，she stepped onto the stage with a big smile. She danced skillfully to the music and completed her most difficult spin smoothly. “Good，” she thought to herself，“my injured arm is awesome today.” As the music ended，thunderous applause filled the stadium. With the final marks announced，Mary knew she achieved her goal and tears began to well up in her eyes. As she headed back to the dressing room，Linda came up to her cheerfully and held her hand tightly，“Congratulations! You’ve done an amazing performance! You win!” Mary smiled happily，“I win.”
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲解了热爱跳舞的玛丽，因为车祸中左臂受伤，但是依旧坚持练习和比赛。不巧，在比赛现场碰到自己的劲敌琳达，排在她前面一位。但是就在琳达要上台是，却发现自己的磁带丢失了。玛丽发现了琳达丢失的磁带，在一番心理斗争之后，她还是把磁带送给琳达，自己最后依旧赢得了比赛的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，玛丽看到琳达放包的椅子下面有一个黑盒子。”可知，第一段可描写玛丽发现了琳达的磁带和她的心理斗争——是否要把磁带送过去给琳达。
②由第二段首句内容“琳达成功地跳完了舞，然后轮到玛丽了。”可知，第二段可以描写琳达在舞台上的表现和最终的结果，以及赛后琳达对玛丽给她送磁带这件事儿的反应。
2.续写线索：车祸——坚持练习——比赛前——琳达弄丢磁带——玛丽送还磁带——比赛后
3.词汇激活
行为类
突然发现：catch sight of / caught a glimpse of /get a view of
大喊：cry out/call out/exclaim
完成：finish /accomplish/terminate
情绪类
紧张：nervous/anxious/distressed
出色的：awesome /splendid/eximious
【点睛】[高分句型1] Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag. She bent over to pick it up.（由关系副词where引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2] It must have rolled out of her bag，when she got changed here.（由连接词when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3] She hesitated for a second and then hurried out to give the music tape to Linda，who was extremely anxious in the corridor.（由关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句）
汕头市金山中学2023届高三第一学期第二次月考
英语
(满分120分 考试用时120分钟)
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Skillshare is a video lesson app which has become highly popular nowadays. It will likely appeal more to older kids (age 14+) since classes focus primarily on professional development with topics like digital design, technology and marketing. There are also plenty of art and music classes for more creative learners. Read the developer’s privacy policy for details on how your kid’s information is collected, used and shared, and any choices you may have in the matter, and this privacy policy applies to all users.
What is it about?
Skillshare has a large database of online lessons taught by industry experts. Kids can search for a class by topic or by entering key words. Each class contains a series of video lessons that are taught as a lecture. Some classes have only a few lessons, while others have 10 or more. In fact, one guitar class has more than 100 lessons. Many classes include projects, and most end with a brief Final Thoughts lesson to sum up the class content. There’s a review section where users can leave advice. Kids can watch the lessons within that class directly from the app. They can also save classes to watch later, and any classes they begin are automatically saved to a watch list. Many classes are offered in the free version of the app, and a paid version gives users access to a much more extensive class list—more than 28,000 lessons.
Is it any good?
All the teachers in the app are passionate about their work, so it’s an excellent way to foster the same passion in your kids, as long as there is a genuine interest in the content being offered.
What kind of membership are you interested in?
1 month
6 months
12 months
36 months
$1499 per month
$12.99 per month
$10.99 per month
$6.99 per month
You can cancel any time.
Email address for contact: skillshare@gdpr-rep.com
1. The passage is intended for ______.
A. kids B. parents C. teachers D. industry experts
2. How much should you pay monthly for an annual membership?
A. $14.99. B. $12.99. C. $10.99 . D. $6.99.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Skillshare allows curious older kids to learn at their own pace.
B. The privacy policy is limited to the registered members of Skillshare.
C. Subscribers can only cancel the order within one month of its purchase.
D. Each class has more than 100 career-related lessons in the Skillshare app.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇广告。Skillshare是一款非常流行的视频教学应用，这是一篇针对它的广告。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“Read the developer’s privacy policy for details on how your kid’s information is collected”（请阅读开发者的隐私政策，了解您孩子的信息是如何收集的）可推知，文章的阅读对象是家长。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What kind of membership are you interested in?”部分的表格中可知，一年的会员每个月需交$10.99。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据“What is it about?”部分中的第八句和第九句“Kids can watch the lessons within that class directly from the app. They can also save classes to watch later, and any classes they begin are automatically saved to a watch list. ”（孩子们可以直接从应用程序中观看该课程的课程。他们还可以保存课程以便以后观看，他们开始的任何课程都会自动保存到一个观看列表中。）可知，Skillshare允许按照自己的节奏学习。根据第一段第二句“It will likely appeal more to older kids (age 14+)”（它可能会更吸引年龄较大的孩子(14岁以上)）可知，Skillshare允许较大的孩子按照自己的节奏学习。故选A。
B
81-year-old Paul Harvey became well-known last September after his son Nick had recorded his two-minute piece from four notes—F natural, A, D, and B natural—and posted it on Twitter.
Nick posted the piece online to show how musical ability can survive memory loss and Paul won the hearts of the British nation when he played the piano from his home in Sussex live on the television.
To mark a year since he played his composition, Paul was invited to conduct the BBC Phiharmonic orchestra(管弦乐队) playing two of his compositions at the studio in Salford. He spent an emotional afternoon with the orchestra, during which he conducted both Four Notes, while his son Nick played the piano, and an older composition of his called Where’s the Sunshine.
Paul, a former music teacher and classical pianist, said. “It was magical, it was very, very special to work with such wonderful musicians. It made me feel alive, I couldn’t believe that an orchestra was playing my music and I was standing in front of it conducting them.”
Five years ago, Paul moved into sheltered accommodation as part of his dementia(痴呆症) care.
Nick, who joined Paul on the trip—organized by Music For Dementia—had seen his dad “come alive again” since the video of him playing piano went online.
He said, “His short term memory is generally shot to pieces but when big events like this happen it’s like a branding iron on his brain. From my experience with dad, the right piece of music at the right time can be absolutely incredible. For the first time in years he has got active again. It really brought him back to life again.”
Campaign Director at Music for Dementia, Grace Meadows said. “Seeing Paul performing beyond his dementia and having the contact with the musicians was a wonderful thing. It was very emotional.”
4. What made Paul popular with people?
A. A musical he recorded. B. The movie he starred in.
C. A video of him playing the piano. D. His extraordinary memory for music.
5. Why was Paul invited to perform his work?
A. To show off his musical talent.
B. To work with excellent musicians.
C. To set an example for people with dementia.
D. To mark the first anniversary of his online video
6. What does Nick say about Paul’s experience?
A. Short-term memory is changeable. B. Playing the piano can cure diseases.
C. The impact of the right music is huge. D. More videos should be taken for the elderly.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. “It was a dream!” B. “It was magical!”
C. “He was gifted!” D. “He was a success!”
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述患有痴呆症的保罗将音乐能力保留了下来。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“81-year-old Paul Harvey became well-known last September after his son Nick had recorded his two-minute piece from four notes—F natural, A, D, and B natural—and posted it on Twitter.”（去年9月，81岁的保罗·哈维的儿子尼克用四个音符——自然F、自然A、自然D和自然B——录制了这段两分钟的音乐，并将其发布在了推特上，之后保罗就出名了）可知，一个保罗弹奏钢琴的视频使得他出名了。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To mark a year since he played his composition, Paul was invited to conduct the BBC Phiharmonic orchestra(管弦乐队) playing two of his compositions at the studio in Salford.”（为了纪念保罗演奏他的作品一周年，他被邀请在索尔福德的工作室指挥BBC爱乐乐团演奏他的两首作品。）可知，保罗被邀请演奏他的作品是为了纪念他自己演奏他的作品一周年。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“From my experience with dad, the right piece of music at the right time can be absolutely incredible.”（从我和爸爸相处的经验来看，在正确的时间演奏正确的音乐绝对是不可思议的）可知，尼克认为正确的音乐的影响是巨大的。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Campaign Director at Music for Dementia, Grace Meadows said. ‘Seeing Paul performing beyond his dementia and having the contact with the musicians was a wonderful thing. It was very emotional.’”（痴呆症音乐运动总监格蕾丝·梅多斯说：“看到保罗在他的痴呆症之外表演，并与音乐家们接触，这是一件美妙的事情。非常感人。”）以及文章内容可知，文章主要讲述的是保罗的音乐能力在痴呆症中保存下来；是一件奇妙的事情。故“太神奇了”可以作为本文的标题。故选B。
C
The ruins of a huge Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR, according to the National Geographic on Thursday.
This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors, which can survey landscapes in 3D by reflecting laser pulses off the ground from unmanned air vehicles and others. LiDAR is exceptionally useful for detecting archeological sites (考古遗址), as it gets through jungles and other features that hold up exploration on the ground. The technique has been the activator (催化剂) of many discoveries in recent years. For instance, major finds at Angkor, Cambodia and Caracol, Belize can explain what it did.
This large lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna—known for their temples and pyramids—but shows that these famous heritage areas are the tip of the iceberg of this lost urban network.
Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60,000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, some of which can even reach the modernized standard—have been identified by an international cooperation of researchers headed by the PACUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization. Those have experts rethinking the outlines and complexity of the Maya empire.
These ancient peoples obviously established these imaginative cultures based on their known relics, but the new research has shown that the scale of this lost society is far beyond what experts had imagined. The findings will be explored in an hour-long documentary called Lost Treasures of the Maya Snake Kings, premiering (首映) Tuesday, February 6 on the National Geographic Channel.
“There are entire cities we didn’t know about now showing up in the survey data,” said Francisco Belli, one of the lead archeologists on the project. “There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities there that we don’t know about, and we will push the frontiers,” he added.
8. What can we know about LiDAR?
A. It’s a breakthrough in archeology. B. It’s major equipment in air forces.
C. It was first used in discovering a Maya city. D. It’s a remote sensing technique using laser pulses.
9. What does the underlined word “Those” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The jungles of the Reserve. B. The outlines of the Maya empire.
C. The researchers of the organization. D. The man-made projects of the Reserve.
10. Which of the following words can best describe the Maya empire?
A. Famous and dangerous. B. Vast and highly developed.
C. Mountainous and aggressive. D. Enormous and traditional.
11. What do archeologists hope to do next?
A. Restudy the history of Maya. B. Use the LiDAR sensors as usual.
C. Continue to explore the unknown. D. Study the documentary more carefully.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了考古学家们利用LiDAR技术,在危地马拉发现了一处巨大的玛雅城市遗迹。由于这座城市遗迹只是玛雅帝国的冰山一角，因此，曾经高度发达、疆域辽阔的玛雅帝国仍将是未来考古人员继续探索的对象。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The ruins of a huge Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR, (在远程感知技术LiDAR的帮助下，一座玛雅城市的遗迹在危地马拉被发掘出来)”和第二段“This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors, which can survey landscapes in 3D by reflecting laser pulses off the ground from unmanned air vehicles and others. (这项突破性的考古发现要感谢感知器LiDAR。它能反射来自无人飞行器和其他设备的激光脉冲，用立体三维技术呈像探查这片区域)”可知，LiDAR是一项使用激光脉冲的遥感技术。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60,000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, some of which can even reach the modernized standard (城市遗迹隐藏在玛雅生态保护区处的密林之下。超过6万多项人造工程有房舍、运河。高速公路，它们当中有一些建造水准已经达到当代的水平)”可知，划线代词those指的是前文中提到的“玛雅生物保护区的6万多项人造工程”。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“This large lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna—known for their temples and pyramids—but shows that these famous heritage areas are the tip of the iceberg of this lost urban network. (这座湮没的巨大城市，包括像Tikal, Holmul,和Witzna等地方，均以金字塔和神庙闻名。而这些文化遗迹却只是古代城市系统的冰山一角)”和文章第四段“Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60,000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, some of which can even reach the modernized standard (城市遗迹隐藏在玛雅生态保护区处的密林之下。超过6万多项人造工程有房舍、运河。高速公路，它们当中有一些建造水准已经达到当代的水平)”可知，玛雅帝国疆域辽阔，且高度发达。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities there that we don’t know about, and we will push the frontiers,” he added. (还有20000平方千米的区域尚未发掘探索，有上百座未见天日的古城，因此我们会持续推进发掘工作)”可知，考古人员将继续探索发掘未知的玛雅遗迹。故选C项。
D
You may be familiar with the statistic that 90% of the world’s data were created in the last few years. The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.
To understand why this matters, consider the findings from social science about ‘recency bias (倾向)’, which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind.
It’s also worth remembering that novelty tends to be a dominant consideration when deciding what data to keep or delete. Out with the old and in with the new. That’s the digital trend in a world where search algorithms (算法) are systematically biased towards freshness. They are designed in line with human preference. Such a bias towards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them.
What’s really needed is something thought of as “intelligent forgetting”: learning to let go of the immediate past in order to keep its larger continuities in view. It’s an act similar to organising a photograph album— although with more maths. When are two million photographs less valuable than two thousand?
Many data sets are irreducible and most precious when complete: gene sequences; demographic (人口的) data; the raw, hard knowledge of geography and physics. The softer the science, however, the more that scale is likely to be reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data. Either we choose carefully what endures, matters and meaningfully captures our past— or its toot print is silently replaced by the present’s growing noise. Mere gathering is no cure-all answer. In an era of bigger and bigger data, the leading warning for those who have to make decisions is that what you choose not to know matters just as much as what you do.
12. What is the major problem with the explosion of recent information?
A. Trends are too quickly produced.
B. People have poor eyesight alter viewing too much information.
C. Present information is given too much emphasis.
D. Prediction for future development largely depends on the past information.
13. What causes widespread preference for newness?
A. That algorithms requires the latest to make accurate prediction.
B. That humans are accustomed to losing interest in old things.
C. That short renewed period is the feature of modem data.
D. That search algorithms keep uncovering the value of the newness.
14. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Recent past experience is rarely used to provide reference for future events.
B. The quality of geographic knowledge depends on photo sorting rather than full data.
C. Intelligent forgetting refers to replacing the immediate past with far-back data.
D. Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isn’t in line with quality.
15. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The side effect of digital innovation.
B. The values of complete data in softer subjects.
C. The data discrimination caused by algorithms.
D. The faulty preference for fresh data and ways out.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人们以牺牲历史为代价，过高估计近期信息，形成对新数据错误的偏好。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.（这样的信息增长速度带来的最大挫折是，现在的时刻总是比过去的时刻出现得更大。短视在这个结构中根深蒂固，表现为一种压倒性的倾向，即以牺牲历史为代价，过高估计近期信息。）”可知，最近信息爆炸的主要问题是现在的信息被过分强调了。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Such a bias towards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them.（这种对现在的偏见从结构上根植于人类的弱点，即我们不断抛弃我们曾经珍惜的东西，仅仅因为我们对它们感到厌倦。 ）”可知，导致人们对新事物的普遍偏好的是人类已经习惯了对旧事物失去兴趣。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The softer the science, however, the more that scale is likely to be reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data.（然而，科学越软，这个尺度就越有可能与质量反向联系。在这些情况下，时间本身就非常重要，可以作为判断数据价值的试 金石。）”可知，当数据质量与质量不符时，时间可以帮助我们评估数据，即Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isn’t in line with quality，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.（短视在这个结构中根深蒂固，表现为一种压倒性的倾向，即以牺牲历史为代价，过高估计近期信息。”尤其是第二段的“To understand why this matters, consider the findings from social science about ‘recency bias (倾向)’, which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind.（要理解为什么这很重要，考虑一下社会科学关于“近因偏见”的发现，它描述了一种倾向，即假设未来的事件与最近的经历非常相似。人们倾向于不成比例地根据最容易想到的东西来思考。）”可知，本文主要讲的是人们对新数据的错误偏好。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Save Water During a Drought?
The drought is happening because of climate change. California just had its driest year in a century. Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a statewide drought emergency, asking all Californians to save water in every way possible. ___16___ , though you can’t save California on your own
Small things can add up. You’ve probably heard these tips before, but consider this a refresher course: Don’t let the water running while you wash dishes in the sink or washing, brushing or shaving. ___17___ . Water outdoor plants in the morning or evening, so you don’t lose as much water to evaporation in the midday sun.
Replace old appliances. How old is your toilet? If it’s from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less. ___18___ . Upgrading your dishwasher and washing machine and any other water-intensive appliance will also pay savings dividends(红利), in both water and energy costs.
___19___ . Keep an eye on your water bill. If it creeps higher than normal without a good reason, investigate whether you have a leak somewhere. Depending on the type of water meter(仪表)you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whether anything is still moving through your system, ___20___ .
Consider your overall lifestyle of water usage and do everything within your power to use less water. Individual action can make a big change.
A. Focus on the water bill
B. Individual action matters
C. Find out the potential problem
D. They can save a lot per household per day
E. It’s political action that brings a significant change
F. You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there’s a problem
G. Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了早灾发生时如何节约用水。
【16题详解】
设空处后though引导让步状语从句，根据后半句“though you can’t save California on your own（尽管你凭一己之力无法拯救加州）”，虽然不能凭一己之力救加州，但个人的行为也是大有影响的。B项Individual action matters（个人行动很重要）符合题意。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段主旨句“Small things can add up（小事情可以积累 ）”，可知设空处与生活中小事的积累可以帮助解决问题有关。G项Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load（只有在洗衣机和洗碗机满载时才开动）生活中的小事，符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文提示“How old is your toilet? If it's from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less.（你的厕所用了多久了? 如果是1990年以前的，每次冲水要消耗6加仑。 较新的厕所可能只消耗1.28加仑或更少的水）”，可知，新旧坐便器对比，新的能节约水。D项They can save a lot per household per day（它们可以为每户每天节省很多）符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
设空处为所在段落主旨句，应该用短小精悍的，在A项和C项中选择。再根据该段关键信息“investigate whether you have a leak somewhere（调查一下你是否在什么地方有漏洞）”，可知该段说明要查找是否有漏水现象。C项Find out the potential problem（找出潜在的问题）概括了这一内容，符合题意。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据设空处上一句中“Depending on the type of water meter(仪表)you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whether anything is still moving through your system（根据你的水表的类型，你可以在所有的水关闭的情况下监控水表，看看是否有东西仍在通过你的系统）”，推知设空处是另一种检测漏水的方式。F项You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there’s a problem（一旦出现问题，你也可以使用智能探测器来告诉你）中的also，a smart detector提供了线索，符合题意。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Preet Chandi, an Asian woman, returned from a trek（徒步旅行）across Greenland last year. She hopes to ____21____ an unsupported trek across Antarctica to the south pole by herself. The 700-mile journey will take about 45 days. She will face the ____22____ cold of -50℃ while dragging a sled weighing 95kg when she ____23____.
Preet Chandi ____24____ it is a tough journey. But she feels well prepared after years of ____25____. In recent weeks she has been ____26____ tyres around the streets near her home. She has received a number of curious questions from ____27____. “If you come from a community that is not involved in ____28____ at all, it can be really hard,” she said, adding that a number of people thought she was to ____29____ for Southall, in west London, not to the south pole. “It’s just beyond their____30____.”
In the south pole, one may ____31____ nothing in front for days except snow. It is quite a mental____32____. Thus, her partner has left messages inside her tent, while friends have ____33____ voice notes for her to listen to on the journey.
When she returns, she plans to put aside some money to ____34____ more women to try outdoor adventures. She is pleased to see change in what has ____35____ been a male-dominated area. What an inspiring woman!
21. A. abandon B. sponsor C. complete D. introduce
22. A. refreshing B. biting C. bearable D. slight
23. A. settles down B. checks out C. sets off D. turns up
24. A. admits B. denies C. hopes D. prays
25. A. working B. adjustment C. struggle D. training
26. A. lifting B. dragging C. rolling D. pushing
27. A. passers-by B. explorers C. visitors D. cyclists
28. A. activities B. adventures C. competitions D. sports
29. A. push B. run C. head D. look
30. A. control B. ability C. reach D. knowledge
31. A. touch B. feel C. see D. smell
32. A. challenge B. trouble C. dilemma D. success
33. A. played B. recorded C. presented D. taken
34. A. urge B. persuade C. command D. fund
35. A. extremely B. incredibly C. temporarily D. typically
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了希望能独自完成穿越南极洲到南极无支撑徒步旅行的一位亚洲女性普里特·钱迪。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她希望能独自完成穿越南极洲到南极的无支撑徒步旅行。A. abandon放弃；B. sponsor赞助；C. complete完成；D. introduce介绍。根据上文“Preet Chandi, an Asian woman, returned from a trek across Greenland last year.（亚洲女性普里特·钱迪去年徒步穿越格陵兰岛回来。）”可知，这次她希望能独自完成穿越南极洲到南极的徒步旅行，故选择C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她出发时拖着一辆95公斤重的雪橇，将面临-50℃的严寒。A. refreshing令人耳目一新的；B. biting刺骨的；C. bearable可忍受的；D. slight轻微的。根据下文的“cold of -50℃（零下50℃的低温）”可知，这里说的是刺骨的，故选择B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. settles down安定下来；B. checks out检查；C. sets off动身，出发；D. turns up出现。根据上文“She will face the__2____cold of -50℃ while dragging a sled weighing 95kg（她拖着一辆95公斤重的雪橇，将面临-50℃的严寒。）”可知，这里说的是她出发时，故选择C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：普里特·钱迪承认这是一段艰难的旅程。A. admits承认；B. denies 否定；C. hopes希望；D. prays祈祷。根据下文“But she feels well prepared after years of ____5____（但经过多年的训练，她觉得自己准备得很好。）”可知，她承认这是个艰难的旅程，所以进行了多年的训练，故选择A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但经过多年的训练，她觉得自己准备好了。A. working工作；B. adjustment调整；C. struggle斗争；D. training训练。根据上文“Preet Chandi____4____ it is a tough journey. But she feels well prepared But she feels well prepared（普里特·钱迪承认这是一段艰难的旅程。她觉得自己准备好了）”可知，这里说的是多年的训练后，她觉得自己准备好了，故选择D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近几周，她一直在家附近的街道上拖着轮胎。A. lifting举起；B. dragging拖拽；C. rolling翻滚；D. pushing推。根据第一段中“She will face the biting cold of -50℃ while dragging a sled weighing 95kg when she ___3____.（她出发时拖着一辆95公斤重的雪橇，将面临-50℃的严寒。）”可知，她是在为出发时，拖拽雪橇在进行训练，故选择B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从路人那里收到了许多奇怪的问题。A.过路人；B. explorers探险者；C. visitors游客；D. cyclists骑自行车的人。根据上文“In recent weeks she has been ___6___tyres around the streets near her home.（最近几周，她一直在家附近的街道上拖着轮胎。）”可知，在她家附近遇到的应该是过路人，故选择A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“如果你来自一个完全不参与冒险的社区，那就真的很难了。”A. activities活动；B. adventures冒险经历；C. competitions竞争；D. sports运动。根据下文“adding that a number of people thought she was to____9____ for Southall, in west London, not to the south pole.（她补充说，许多人认为她是去伦敦西部的索斯霍尔，而不是去南极。）”可知，这里说的是来自不参与冒险的社区，故选择B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，许多人认为她是去伦敦西部的索斯霍尔，而不是去南极。A. push推；B. run跑；C. head朝…行进；D. look看。根据第一段中“She hopes to __1___ an unsupported trek across Antarctica to the south pole by herself.（他希望能独自完成穿越南极洲到南极的无支撑徒步旅行。）”可知，这里说的是要朝南极进发，故选择C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这超出了他们的知识范围。A. control控制；B. ability能力；C. reach河段；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“adding that a number of people thought she was to____9____ for Southall, in west London, not to the south pole.（她补充说，许多人认为她是去伦敦西部的索斯霍尔，而不是去南极。）”可知，这里说的是超出了他们的知识范围，故选择D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在南极，人们可能会在未来几天里除了雪什么都看不到。A. touch触摸；B. feel感觉；C. see看；D. smell闻。根据上文“In the south pole,（在南极）”以及下文中的“except snow（除了雪）”可知，这里说的是除了雪什么都看不到，故选择C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个相当大的心理挑战。A. challenge挑战；B. trouble麻烦；C. dilemma窘境；D. success成功。根据上文“In the south pole, one may___12___nothing in front for days except snow（在南极，人们可能会在未来几天里除了雪什么都看不到。）”可知，这里说的是很大的心理挑战，故选择A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她的伴侣在她的帐篷里留言，而朋友们则录制了语音消息，让她在旅途中听。A. played玩；B. recorded录制；C. presented颁发；D. taken取走。根据下文“for her to listen to on the journey.（让她在旅途中听）”可知，这里说的是录制了语音消息，故选择B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她回来的时候，她计划存一些钱来资助更多的女性尝试户外冒险。A. urge敦促；B. persuade说服；C. command命令；D. fund为…提供资金。根据上文“When she returns, she plans to put aside some money（当她回来时，她打算存一些钱）”可知，这里说的是资助更多的女性尝试户外冒险，故选择D项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她很高兴看到通常男性占主导地位的领域发生了变化。A. extremely极度地；B. incredibly难以置信地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. typically通常。根据上文的“outdoor adventures（户外冒险）”可知，这是男性通常占主导地位的领域，故选择D项。
第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two men were walking on a path in the mountain when it cracked below their feet, leaving them ___36___ (stick) at the top of what remained.
When the rescue party arrived on the scene, one man ___37___ (seat) at the top of the steep slope while the other was lying down on the rocky ground below, holding onto his friend’s leg. ___38___ the time rescuers arrived, he had been holding on to his friend for 45 minutes.
The helicopter, ___39___ came to their rescue, flew about 100 feet above the two men ___40___ (avoid) removing any of the ground. The two were not only on ___41___ (stable) ground, but one of them was holding the other. Therefore, the rescue work was very difficult. The rescue workers had to be extremely careful as the ___42___ (condition) underfoot were just too unpredictable.
One of the rescue workers went down on the wire from the helicopter and managed to quickly secure a rope around the ___43___ (low) of the two men, before lifting him to the aircraft. ___44___ same procedure was repeated for his walking partner.
The two walkers raised the alarm at 11.05 am on Sunday and were rescued by 12.20 pm. ____45____ of them was injured but they were left “very shaken” by the experience. Both walkers were said to be experienced and well-equipped.
【答案】36. stuck
37. was seated
38. By 39. which
40. to avoid
41. unstable
42. conditions
43. lower 44. The
45. Neither
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了救援队救援两名被困在山上的人的过程。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：两个人在山上的一条小路上行走时，脚下的小路裂开了，他们被困在了残余部分的顶部。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“cracked”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“stick”意为“卡住，陷入”，动词词性，“them”和“stick”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“stick”的过去分词“stuck”作宾语补足语。故填stuck。
【37题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：当救援队到达现场时，一名男子位于陡坡的顶部，另一名男子躺在下面的岩石地面上，抓住朋友的腿。根据句中“When the rescue party arrived on the scene”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，“one man”和“seat”为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，“one man”和“was”连用，“seat”的过去分词为“seated”，故空格处应填“was seated”。故填was seated。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：在救援人员赶到之前，他已经抓住朋友45分钟了。根据句中“had been holding”可知，句子为过去完成进行时，故空格处应用介词“by”，意为“在……之前（为止）”，“by the time rescuers arrived”为过去完成进行时的时间状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填By。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：救援人员乘坐的直升机在两名男子上方约100英尺处飞行，以避免将地面移动。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“helicopter”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：救援人员乘坐的直升机在两名男子上方约100英尺处飞行，以避免将地面移动。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“flew”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“避免将地面移动”是直升机在两名男子上方约100英尺处飞行的目的，故应用不定式作目的状语，“avoid”意为“避免”，动词词性，故空格处应用“to avoid”。故填to avoid。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这两人不仅在不稳固的地面上，而且其中一人还抓住了另一人。分析句子可知，“ground”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，“stable”意为“稳固的”，形容词词性，根据上文可知，小路裂开了，地面应该是不稳固的，“unstable”意为“不稳固的”，形容词词性，作定语。故填unstable。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：救援人员必须非常小心，因为脚下的情况太不可预测了。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作主语，“condition”意为“情况”，为可数名词，根据句中“were”可知，应用“condition”的复数形式“conditions”。故填conditions。
43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：其中一名救援人员从直升机上爬下金属线，迅速将绳子系在两名男子中位置较低的那个，然后将其抬上飞机。根据上文内容可知，，一名男子位于陡坡的顶部，另一名男子躺在下面的岩石地面上，两人位置一高一低，由此可知，句中应用比较级，迅速将绳子系在两名男子中位置较低的那个，“low”意为“低的”，形容词词性，比较级为“lower”。故填lower。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对他的行走伙伴重复同样的步骤。分析句子可知，“same”意为“相同的”，形容词词性，前面一般用定冠词“the”修饰，表特指，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们都没有受伤，但这次经历让他们“非常震惊”。根据句意可知，句中指两个人都没有受伤，空格处应用代词“neither”，意为“两者都不”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Neither。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，9月18日你校高三全体学生参观了市艺术博物馆。请你为校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1.参加人员、时间；
2.活动内容；
3.活动反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.标题已给。
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Visit to the City Art Museum
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Visit to the City Art Museum
On September 18th, all the students of senior 3 paid a visit to the city art museum, which turned out to be a rewarding journey.
Under the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest. They were also lucky enough to get involved in a hands-on activity where they practiced some traditional crafts.
This experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into magnificent Chinese cultures and consequently took more pride in our time-honored civilization.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道9月18日学校高三全体学生参观市艺术博物馆的事情。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旅行：tour→trip→journey
欣赏：enjoy→appreciate
也：too→also
获得：get→gain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Under the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another, appreciating the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest.
拓展句：Under the guidance of the museum staff, the students walked from one exhibition hall to another while they appreciated the delicate art works made by our ancestors with keen interest.
【点睛】【高分句型1】On September 18th, all the students of senior 3 paid a visit to the city art museum, which turned out to be a rewarding journey. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】This experience was highly spoken of by every student, who gained a deeper insight into magnificent Chinese cultures and consequently took more pride in our time-honored civilization. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mary waited anxiously for her turn in the empty dressing room. Never had she been so nervous before. This competition was of vital importance to her comeback. “If I can win today，”she said to herself，“I can dance on the national stage next month.” Three months ago，her left arm was seriously injured in a car accident. After the medical treatment，she began to recover slowly. She practiced over and over again in order to regain her dancing skills.
“Hi，Mary，”in rushed her friend Jessica. “How is your arm? Is it going to influence your performance?”
“I guess it can be tolerated for I am to win the match.” said Mary with a determined look.
“Admirable! But I hear that a girl called Linda is really gifted and strong. She can be your real well-matched competitor. Come on!”
After Jessica left，Mary decided to practice her most difficult spin. “If I don’t try harder，I won’t grasp this chance.” She thought. But her arm began to hurt，making her worried. “Mary，what makes you think you have a chance tonight?” she said to herself. After the pain was gone，she continued to warm up.
A slim girl hurried in and put down an equipment bag on the chair. Then，she took out her dance dress quickly and put it on skillfully. Seeing Mary，she smiled politely and said “Hi，I’m Linda. I am the next one!” Mary nodded in reply but felt uncomfortable. “This is just my competitor. Because of her，I may lose tonight.” Her mind was wandering when Linda let out a scream，“Oh，God，I can’t find my music tape!” Linda searched her bag but in vain. “It may be missing on the way.” With these words，she then rushed out.
注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右;
2.续写部分分为两段，请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly，Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
Linda finished her dancing successfully and then came Mary’s turn.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly，Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag. She bent over to pick it up. “Linda’s music tape!” She cried out in surprise. “It must have rolled out of her bag，when she got changed here.” At this moment，an idea flashed through her mind，which made her rooted to the spot. “Without her music tape，Linda will surely lose;without this real competitor，I will definitely win.” At the thought of this，Mary shivered slightly. She was wondering what to do next. She hesitated for a second and then hurried out to give the music tape to Linda，who was extremely anxious in the corridor. Linda was so grateful to Mary，and she began her performance.
Linda finished her dancing successfully，and then came Mary’s turn. Mary walked on the stage with her heart beating faster and faster. Nervous as she was，she stepped onto the stage with a big smile. She danced skillfully to the music and completed her most difficult spin smoothly. “Good，” she thought to herself，“my injured arm is awesome today.” As the music ended，thunderous applause filled the stadium. With the final marks announced，Mary knew she achieved her goal and tears began to well up in her eyes. As she headed back to the dressing room，Linda came up to her cheerfully and held her hand tightly，“Congratulations! You’ve done an amazing performance! You win!” Mary smiled happily，“I win.”
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲解了热爱跳舞的玛丽，因为车祸中左臂受伤，但是依旧坚持练习和比赛。不巧，在比赛现场碰到自己的劲敌琳达，排在她前面一位。但是就在琳达要上台是，却发现自己的磁带丢失了。玛丽发现了琳达丢失的磁带，在一番心理斗争之后，她还是把磁带送给琳达，自己最后依旧赢得了比赛的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，玛丽看到琳达放包的椅子下面有一个黑盒子。”可知，第一段可描写玛丽发现了琳达的磁带和她的心理斗争——是否要把磁带送过去给琳达。
②由第二段首句内容“琳达成功地跳完了舞，然后轮到玛丽了。”可知，第二段可以描写琳达在舞台上的表现和最终的结果，以及赛后琳达对玛丽给她送磁带这件事儿的反应。
2.续写线索：车祸——坚持练习——比赛前——琳达弄丢磁带——玛丽送还磁带——比赛后
3.词汇激活
行为类
突然发现：catch sight of / caught a glimpse of /get a view of
大喊：cry out/call out/exclaim
完成：finish /accomplish/terminate
情绪类
紧张：nervous/anxious/distressed
出色的：awesome /splendid/eximious
【点睛】[高分句型1] Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag. She bent over to pick it up.（由关系副词where引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2] It must have rolled out of her bag，when she got changed here.（由连接词when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型3] She hesitated for a second and then hurried out to give the music tape to Linda，who was extremely anxious in the corridor.（由关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句）
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