2022-2023学年广东省汕头市金山中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省汕头市金山中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读理解，七选五，用单词的适当形式完成短文，根据汉语意思填写单词，开放性作文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

广东省汕头市金山中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．The traffic rule pinned on the wall _______ young children under the age of four and _______ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A．reads; weighing B．is read; weighs C．is said; weighing D．says; weighed
2．With a large family _______, the little boy asked for the _______ money and the food _______.
A．to support; remained; left B．to support; remaining; left
C．supported; remained; leaving D．supported; remaining; leaving
3．_______ the guidance of the scientist on the earth, the astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, _______ much help for knowing space.
A．Under; which we think it is B．With; of which we think is
C．Under; which we think are of D．With; we think which is of
4．One of the men arrived with the news _______ the officer said _______ right.
A．what that; proved B．that; was proved C．what; was proved D．that; what proved
5．_______ on top of the hill, I had a good view of _______ the city was like.
A．Located; where B．Stood; what C．Standing; what D．Being located; how
6．The mechanic _______ all the machine so that he could _______ where the problem lay.
A．marked out; turn out B．set out; figure out
C．worked out; figure out D．tested out; work out
7．Titanic _______, the passengers aboard _______ to despair.
A．was sunk; abandoned B．sunk; abandoned
C．sinking; were abandoned D．had sunk; were abandoned
8．It is in the very gym _______ was built last year _______ I work out on a regular _______ after work.
A．that; that; basis B．which; that; base C．which; where; based D．that; where; basis
9．It ______ to do exercises in the morning for our health, which was _______ what Professor Li said in his letter.
A．makes sense; in correspondence with B．make a sense; correspond to
C．makes the sense; correspond with D．makes sense; with correspondence to
10．This is so interesting a book _______ is worth _______.
A．that; reading B．as; reading C．that; being read D．as; being read

二、完形填空
I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood, the one about a tree is my mother’s favorite.
I was only two when the 11 occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and turned to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief 12 to dash across the lawn (草坪) — and hit a large maple tree! I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and 13 on my backside. Mom      14 me to start crying, but I just sat there for a minute. Then I 15 myself up and kept right on going. Mom always adds here that, as many times as I 16 across the lawn after that, I never again 17   into that tree.
Mom loves to use this story as an 18 . It reminds her that children don’t enter life 19 to take risks or unwilling to 20 again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that 21 as I grew older. When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents’ home to look for a job. Through years of 22 , I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.
We are almost certain to get 23 at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens, don’t sit in the grass and 24 . Just get up and keep on going. It will all be worth it 25 .
11．A．incident B．change C．illness D．problem
12．A．delay B．absence C．freedom D．rest
13．A．landed B．slept C．laughed D．wept
14．A．promised B．encouraged C．allowed D．expected
15．A．woke B．picked C．warmed D．gave
16．A．drove B．lived C．stood D．dashed
17．A．crashed B．broke C．climbed D．looked
18．A．answer B．example C．excuse D．order
19．A．able B．ashamed C．afraid D．anxious
20．A．ask B．share C．learn D．try
21．A．honesty B．toughness C．kindness D．curiosity
22．A．memories B．efforts C．research D．experience
23．A．mixed up B．fed up C．knocked down D．settled down
24．A．play B．relax C．dream D．cry
25．A．all at once B．in the end C．in either case D．as a result


三、阅读理解
Four Top Poetry Book Clubs
Poetry Talk
Founder Tim Burris leads Poetry Talk out of its location in Indianapolis, Indiana. Today, the book club has over 150 active members. It focuses on reading, sharing and discussing poetry. No matter what form of poetry you might be interested in, whether it is shorter poems or longer anthologies(选集), Poetry Talk is a place where you can meet others who also share an interest in poetry. Book club meetings happen every two weeks on a Wednesday evening, are held online, and always welcome new members.
The Living Poets Society Poetry Book Club
Run out of Boulder Bookstore, it is a book club where members discuss a shared book of poetry. People who are interested in poetry and connecting with individuals who also enjoy reading and having conversations about poetry are welcome. Book club meetings take place online on the second Tuesday of every month.
The club has looked at Constellation Route by Matthew Olzmann and Luxury by Philip Schultz. And the latter is the first one the club has shared.
Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club
The book club has been active since 2020 and now has over 1,000 active participants who read and discuss a range of different books, including poetry. In addition to enjoying engaging and insightful discussions about poetry, book club members can get to learn more about books of other genres(类型), including economics, philosophy and classic literature. Book club meetings are held online and take place weekly on Mondays.
The poetry the club has read includes Homer’s classic The Odyssey.
Poetry Meetup
It is a great place for anyone interested in reading, talking about, or even performing poetry. Book club meetings are usually held once a month. Specific dates and locations of book club meetings are available on its Meetup. com web page.
The Sea and The Mirro by W. H. Auden and St. Sebastien by Dali are two poems that book club meetings at Poetry Meetup have gone over.
26．Whose poem was shared by The Living Poets Society Poetry Book Club first?
A．Tim Burris’s. B．Matthew Olzmann’s.
C．W. H. Auden’s. D．Philip Schultz’s.
27．What can the members do at Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club?
A．Take courses on classic literature.
B．Discuss books of more than one type.
C．Get free poetry books on Mondays.
D．Perform poetry on stage every month.
28．How is Poetry Meetup different from the other clubs?
A．It is managed by a local bookstore.
B．It focuses on discussions about poetry.
C．It requires its members to meet offline.
D．It gets its members together once a week.

Australian cities can keep their native wildlife — but only if they can kick their habit of urban sprawl (无计划的扩展). That’s the finding of a new study by leading Australian environmental researchers Jessica Sushinsky, Professor Hugh Possingham and Dr. Richard Fuller of the University of Queensland.
“While urban development usually reduces the number of birds in a city, building more compact (紧凑的) cities and avoiding urban sprawl can slow these reductions greatly,” says lead author Jessica Sushinsky. “Compact housing development leaves birds’ homes untouched, leading to fewer losses of birds.”
The researchers surveyed native and wild birds in Brisbane’s urban areas, including living and industrial areas, public parks and gardens, major roadways and airports. They then used statistical modeling to find out what will happen to the birds as the city grows. The first setting was compact growth — where multiple homes are built on land that previously had only one house. The second setting was sprawling growth — a familiar pattern where homes are built here and there beyond the city’s current boundaries.
The team’s forecasts showed that a much greater diversity of species was lost over 20 years in the sprawling setting compared to the more compact setting. “Urban sprawl resulted in the disappearance of many urban-sensitive birds — birds that only live in areas where there is native vegetation(植被), such as parklands and woodlands,” Ms. Sushinsky says.
“On the other hand, we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds because it kept more of its parks and green areas.”
Now the Queensland Government has adopted the more compact urban growth strategy, which, Dr. Richard Fuller says, is good news for Australia’s native birds. These birds are environmental specialists — they need a particular environment to do well. “While compact development means smaller backyards, it can also make our entire cities more bio-diverse,” according to Dr. Fuller. “The study shows that we should hold on to our green spaces instead of clearing them for sprawling development.”
This is the first time science has modeled the effects of different urban growth strategies on birds, the researchers say. “Statistical models like these are important because they help us to understand the ecological consequences of a particular decision,” says Dr. Fuller.
29．The study deals with the relationship between ______.
A．city development and birds B．the environment and birds
C．humans and wildlife D．climate and wildlife
30．Why is compact urban growth better than the sprawling strategy?
A．It makes the cities more beautiful. B．It gives people larger backyards.
C．It is money-saving. D．It is bird-friendly.
31．What can we learn about the study from the passage?
A．It is based on the statistics in the past. B．It is strongly against urban development.
C．It criticizes the city environment in Brisbane. D．It suggests leaving more green spaces for birds.
32．Where does the passage probably come from?
A．A news report. B．A travel guide. C．A health magazine. D．A history book.

Rats and other animals need to be highly tuned to social signals from others so that they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.
They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat — one social and one asocial — for 5 days. The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels — to move around and colorful markings.
During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side.
Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.
Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.
The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels. "We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn't necessary," says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research.
The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals. "We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too," says Wiles.
33．Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can ________.
A．send out warning messages to their fellow B．distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one
C．attain sociable traits through special training D．pick up social signals from non-living rats
34．What did the asocial robot do during the experiment?
A．It followed the social robot. B．It played with some toys.
C．It moved around alone. D．It set the trapped rats free.
35．According to Quinn, the rats released the social robot because they ________.
A．tried to practice a means of escape B．expected it to do the same in return
C．wanted to display their intelligence D．considered that an interesting game
36．It can be learned from the text that ________.
A．rats are more sensitive to social cues than expected
B．rats are more socially active than other animals
C．rats behave differently from children in socializing
D．rats appear to be adaptable to new surroundings


四、七选五
Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. 37 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
38 We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 39 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with (与……一致) our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 40 For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 41 This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G．This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases.


五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I packed my luggage and headed for the airport. 42 (fortune), it was raining hard when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours before, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, 43 its choking smog crowding the city. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, 44 tourists seek the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which 45 (picture) by artists in so many Chinese paintings. Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo which also appears in many 46 (literature) works. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away by car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo is really beautiful, even 47 (refer) to as one of the top 10 tourist 48 (attraction) in the world in a research report conducted by the website Trip Advisor. Thanks to the report, the town is fast becoming 49 popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people 50 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong and 51 so far, it has received nothing but praise.


六、根据汉语意思填写单词
52．With faith and ________ (毅力，坚毅), he finally overcame all the difficulties. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
53．Never give a _______________ (同情的) look towards the disabled. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54．Education now is a _______________ (政治的) issue. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55．Moore is _______________ (热情的) about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
56．She arranged an _______________ (约会) for Friday afternoon at four-fifteen. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

七、开放性作文
57．假设你是李华，某国际学校学生会主席。下周二校会你校将举办英语演讲比赛，主题为“践行低碳生活，从我做起”。请你写一篇英文演讲稿。内容包括：
1. 你对低碳生活的理解；2. 具体做法；3. 发出倡议。
注意：词数80左右。
参考词汇：emission 排放；carbon dioxide 二氧化碳；低碳生活 a low-carbon lifestyle
Hello, everyone! I am Lihua.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you!

八、读后续写
58．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Gift of Kindness
Will, a nine-year-old boy, was such a kind soul that he brought home birds with broken wings. Money was very short for his family because his mother was ill. Every weekend, Will would mow his neighbors lawns to earn a little money.
One hot dry morning, on his way to school, Will saw a man sitting on the roadside with his head in his hands. Not far away was his truck. Previously, the man spared no efforts in repairing it, but he failed, exhausted and thirsty. Will came up to him, ready to help.
Hearing Will’s greeting, the man raised his head, looked at Will and asked for some water. Learning that he had even not had breakfast, Will walked into a shop, fingering the money in his pocket. Eventually, he picked up sandwiches and water. They cost all his money! He shrugged, walked back and handed him the food.
The man received the supplies gratefully and they shared the brief meal while introducing themselves. Allan, a boss with a small factory who delivered goods by himself, smiled,” The delivering job is so tiring that nobody seems to want it. By the way, thank you for your food. I’m sorry that I forget to take money with me today. I’ll..”
“It’s OK. My mom always says we should be kind to the world, and the world will be kind to you!” Will shrugged, “As for the job, don’t worry. There must be someone wanting to take it.”
“Perhaps. Today, I feel kindness in the world like your mom says. Maybe she is the one the world has been kind to.” Allan commented.
Will lowered his head, explaining quietly his mother’s situation and his father’s just being out of work because of the bankrupt of the company. Will pointed at a house. “My dad says we’ll have to sell it to pay for mom’s treatment. Sometimes, I hope the world could be kind to our family soon.” Tears rolled down Will’s cheeks and Allan patted his back gently. But soon, Will wiped his face, shouldered his school bag, waved goodbye to Allan and rushed for school, never imagining he would see Allan ever again.
Allan stared at Will’s fading figure, lost in thought.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After school, Will saw the truck parked in front of his house.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing the good news, Will turned overjoyed.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．A
【详解】考查动词用法和非谓语动词。句意：墙上的交通规则写着：四岁以下、体重不足40磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座椅上。第一空表示写着应用动词read作谓语，根据句意用一般现在时，read与主语rule是主动关系，主语rule是单数，谓语动词用单数reads；第二空weigh是不及物动词，意为“重量是……”，不用被动语态，分析可知，空处应用非谓语动词与介词短语under the age of four并列作children的后置定语，weigh和逻辑主语children之间为主动关系，应用现在分词weighing。故选A。
2．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为要养活一大家子人，小男孩要剩下的钱和剩下的食物。第一空表示将要发生的动作应用不定式作宾补；第二空修饰名词money应用形容词remaining，作定语；第三空leave与food构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选B。
3．C
【详解】考查介词和定语从句。句意：在地球上科学家的指导下，宇航员在宇宙飞船上做了许多实验，我们认为这些实验对了解太空有很大帮助。under the guidance of 在……的指导下；be of much help=be very helpful。which的先行词为the experiments，从句谓语动词用复数形式。we think为插入语。去掉这个插入语，就是which are of much help。故选C。
4．D
【详解】考查名词性从句和语态。句意：其中一个人带来消息说，那个军官说的是对的。名词news后接同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。同位语从句中为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。prove作“证明是；结果是；事实说明”解时，用作连系动词，后接形容词作表语，作系动词无被动语态。故选D。
5．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词性从句。句意：站在山顶上，我把这个城市的景色看得很清楚。第一空为非谓语动词作状语，作状语的非谓语动词必须与逻辑主语相一致。根据句中逻辑主语是I，指人，所以用动词stand，两者之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。第二空为宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故选C。
6．D
【详解】考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：机械师测试了所有机器，以便解决问题所在。A. marked out; turn out标记；结果；B. set out; figure out出发；弄清；C. worked out; figure out制定；找出；D. tested out; work out测试出；制定出。根据so that he could _______ where the problem lay可知，机械师是要通过“测试”来“解决”问题，故选D项。
7．C
【详解】考查独立主格和短语。句意：随着泰坦尼克号的沉没，船上的乘客陷入绝望之中。根据句意及句子结构可知，第一空为独立主格结构，作原因状语，Titanic与sink之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动；第二空，被动结构be abandoned to despair陷入绝望之中，故选C项。
8．A
【详解】考查定语从句，强调句和固定短语。句意：正是在去年建的健身房，我下班后经常去锻炼。第一空，分析句子结构可知，“was built last year”是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词gym是物，且被the very修饰，因此关系代词指用that不用which，因此第一空是that；第二空，由It is和句意可知，整句话是强调句，结构是“It is+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的是地点状语“in the very gym”，因此第二空是that；第三空，固定短语on a regular basis定期地、经常，综上，故选A。
9．A
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：为了我们的健康，早上做运动是有道理的，这与李教授在信中所说的是一致的。第一空it makes sense to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事是有意义的”；第二空已有谓语动词was，需填介词短语，排除B项和C项，in correspondence with为固定短语表示“与……一致”。故选A项。
10．B
【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。句意：这是一本非常有趣的书，值得一读。分析句子可知，第一个空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词book是物，且被so interesting修饰，因此空格处用关系代词as，so...as...构成定语从句。第二个空处是固定搭配be worth doing“值得做……”，因此需使用动名词。故选B。

11．A 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 16．D 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者两岁时趁母亲不注意，在草坪上快速跑过时撞到了一棵树，作者没有哭，只是坐了一分钟然后自己站起来继续前进。这个故事也激励着作者一直保持韧性，最终通过努力成为了一位老师。作者想要告诉我们，在实现目标的过程中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒，但是只要不放弃最后都会是值得的。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事件发生时我只有两岁。A. incident事件；B. change改变；C. illness疾病；D. problem问题。根据下文“hit a large maple tree!”可知，作者撞到了枫树上，这个“事件”发生时作者两岁。故选A项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我利用短暂的自由时间冲过草坪，撞到了一棵大枫树上。A. delay延期；B. absence缺乏；C. freedom自由；D. rest休息。根据上文“Mom lifted me out of the car and turned to speak to the driver. (妈妈把我从车里抱出来，转身和司机说话)”可知，作者是被妈妈从车上抱下来，可以短暂的自由活动了。故选C项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑得太快了，我从树干上弹了起来，背部着地。A. landed着地；B. slept睡了；C. laughed笑；D. wept哭。根据“bounced off the trunk”及常识可知，被树干弹起，被弹起后是背部先着地。故选A项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈认为我要哭了，但我只是在那里坐了一分钟。A. promised许诺；B. encouraged鼓励；C. allowed允许；D. expected认为。根据“but I just sat there for a minute.”可知，作者没有哭，只是坐了一分钟，是妈妈认为作者会哭，故选D项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我爬起来，继续前进。A. woke唤醒；B. picked拾起；C. warmed温暖；D. gave给予。根据“kept right on going”可知，作者跌倒后自己爬起来继续前进。固定搭配pick oneself up“(跌倒后)再爬起来”。故选B项。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈总是在这里补充说，从那以后我冲过草坪数次，我再也没有撞到那棵树上。A. drove驾驶；B. lived活着；C. stood站着；D. dashed猛冲。根据上文“dash across the lawn”及“as many times as”可知，作者是冲过草坪数次，故选D项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈总是在这里补充说，从那以后我冲过草坪数次，我再也没有撞到那棵树上。A. crashed碰撞；B. broke破坏；C. climbed爬；D. looked看。根据“I never again 　　7　　 into that tree.”可知，作者再也没有撞到那棵树，故选A项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈喜欢把这个故事当做例子。A. answer回答；B. example例子；C. excuse借口；D. order命令。根据下文“It reminds her that children don’t enter life ___9___ to take risks or unwilling to ____10____ again when they fall down.”可知，这件事有教育意义，是妈妈教育孩子的好例子。故选B项。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A. able能够；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. afraid害怕的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文作者的故事可推断，此处指孩子刚开始时不怕冒险。故选C项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A. ask问；B. share分享；C. learn学习；D. try尝试。根据“unwilling to 　　10　　 again when they fall down”可推断，此处指孩子跌倒后不会因怕再次摔倒而不敢再次尝试，故选D项。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从不希望我随着年龄的增长而失去那种坚强。A. honesty诚实；B. toughness坚强；C. kindness善良；D. curiosity好奇心。根据“wanted me to lose that 　　11　　 as I grew older.”可知，作者的母亲希望他不会因年龄的增长而失去那种坚强，故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几年的努力，我在一所为高需求学生服务的学校里成为了一名受人尊敬的教师。A. memories回忆；B. efforts努力；C. research研究；D. experience经历。根据“I have become a respected teacher”可知，作者是经过多年努力成为了一名受人尊敬的教师。故选B项。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在实现目标的过程中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒。A. mixed up混淆；B. fed up厌烦；C. knocked down击倒；D. settled down安顿下来。根据“certain to get 　　13　　 at some point during the process of achieving our goal.”可知，人生努力中肯定会遇到困难，会被困难打倒，故选C项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，不要坐在草地上哭泣。A. play玩；B. relax放松；C. dream梦想；D. cry哭，哭泣。根据上文“Mom ___4___ me to start crying,”可知，此处是摔倒后哭泣，与上文呼应，故选D项。
25．考查介词短语辨析。句意：站起来，继续前进。这一切最终都是值得的。A. all at once突然；B. in the end最后；C. in either case不论发生任何情况；D. as a result结果。通过作者的故事，此处指摔倒后不怕困难，继续前进，通过不懈努力目标最终会实现。故选B项。
26．D 27．B 28．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个诗歌俱乐部的相关信息。
26．细节理解题。根据The Living Poets Society Poetry Book Club部分中的“The club has looked at Constellation Route by Matthew Olzmann and Luxury by Philip Schultz. And the latter is the first one the club has shared.(俱乐部看过马修·奥尔兹曼（Matthew Olzmann）的《星座路线》（Constellation Route）和菲利普·舒尔茨（Philip Schultz）的《奢侈品》（Luxury ）。后者是俱乐部分享的第一个。)”可知，首先分享的是Philip Schultz的诗歌。故选D项。
27．细节理解题。根据Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club部分中的“In addition to enjoying engaging and insightful discussions about poetry, book club members can get to learn more about books of other genres(类型), including economics, philosophy and classic literature.(除了享受关于诗歌的引人入胜和有见地的讨论外，读书俱乐部成员还可以更多地了解其他类型的书籍，包括经济学、哲学和古典文学。)”可知，Books to Change Your Life Chicago Book Club的成员可以在俱乐部中谈论不止一种类型的书籍。故选B项。
28．推理判断题。根据其他三个诗歌俱乐部的介绍中的关键词online(线上)以及Poetry Meetup部分中的“Book club meetings are usually held once a month. Specific dates and locations of book club meetings are available on its Meetup. com web page.(读书俱乐部会议通常每月举行一次。会议的具体日期和地点可在其Meetup. com web找到。)”可推断，Poetry Meetup与其他三个诗歌俱乐部的不同之处是它的成员是线下聚会。故选C项。
29．A 30．D 31．D 32．A

【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了根据澳大利亚的研究人员发现，澳大利亚的城市可以保留当地的野生动物——但前提是它们能改掉城市扩张的习惯。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers surveyed native and wild birds in Brisbane’s urban areas, including living and industrial areas, public parks and gardens, major roadways and airports. They then used statistical modeling to find out what will happen to the birds as the city grows.(研究人员调查了布里斯班市区的本地和野生鸟类，包括生活区和工业区、公园和花园、主要道路和机场。然后，他们使用统计模型来找出随着城市的发展，鸟类会发生什么变化。)”可知，该研究主要关于城市发展和鸟类之间的关系。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第五段““On the other hand, we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds because it kept more of its parks and green areas.”(“另一方面，我们发现紧凑发展的城市吸引了更多的鸟类，因为它保留了更多的公园和绿地。”)”可知，紧凑型城市增长可以吸引更多的鸟类，由此可知，紧凑型城市增长的优势在于其对鸟类很友好。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““While compact development means smaller backyards, it can also make our entire cities more bio-diverse,” according to Dr. Fuller. “The study shows that we should hold on to our green spaces instead of clearing them for sprawling development.”(“紧凑的发展意味着更小的后院，它也可以使我们的整个城市更具生物多样性，” Fuller博士说。“这项研究表明，我们应该坚持我们的绿色空间，而不是为了扩张而清理它们。”)”可知，这项研究表明我们应该为鸟类留出更多的绿色空间。故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Australian cities can keep their native wildlife — but only if they can kick their habit of urban sprawl (无计划的扩展). That’s the finding of a new study by leading Australian environmental researchers Jessica Sushinsky, Professor Hugh Possingham and Dr. Richard Fuller of the University of Queensland.(澳大利亚的城市可以保留当地的野生动物——但前提是它们能改掉城市扩张的习惯。这是澳大利亚领先的环境研究人员Jessica Sushinsky、Hugh Possingham教授和昆士兰大学的Richard Fuller博士的一项新研究的发现。)”可知，本文主要是关于澳大利亚的研究人员的发现；再结合文章主要内容可知，文章是一篇新闻报道。故选A。
33．D 34．C 35．B 36．A

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项针对老鼠是否能检测到机器老鼠发出的社交信号的研究，介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究发现，老鼠对社交暗示是十分敏感。
33．细节理解题。根据第一段中“To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.(为了弄清楚这是否也适用于无生命的生物，加州大学圣地亚哥分校的Loleh Quinn和她的同事们测试了老鼠是否能检测到机器老鼠发出的社交信号)”可知，Quinn和她的同事们进行了一项测试，看看老鼠是否能从无生命的老鼠身上接收到社会信号。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side.(与此同时，不合群机器人只是向前、向后、左右移动)”可知，这个不合群的机器老鼠在实验中独自移动。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.(Quinn说，这可能会让老鼠更好地记得早先释放过机器人，并希望机器人在它们被困时回报它们的帮助)”可知，Quinn说，老鼠释放这个社交机器人是因为它们希望它也这样做。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots.(这一发现表明，老鼠对社交暗示十分敏感，即使这些暗示基本来自机器人)”可知，老鼠对社交暗示比预期的更敏感。故选A。
37．G 38．B 39．D 40．F 41．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
37．根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病。空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的other diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
38．根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健身。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持身体健康（的方法）所吸引)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联的)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
39．根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击)”可知有时我们的身体虽然没有生病，但很虚弱，随时会生病。根据空后“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明身体虚弱容易生病的请款，D项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒)”承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
40．根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以应陈述我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
41．根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。

42．Unfortunately 43．with 44．where 45．are pictured 46．literary 47．referred 48．attractions 49．a 50．living 51．that

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次突发奇想的旅游，来到了世界十大旅游景点之一——阳朔。
42．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，当我在黎明前到达阳朔时，雨下得很大。担当本句状语，用副词形式，根据下文“it was raining hard ”可知，下雨了，很不幸。故填Unfortunately。
43．考查介词。句意：几个小时前，我还在香港的家中，城市里弥漫着令人窒息的雾霾。根据空后的“its choking smog crowding the city”可判断此处是with复合结构作伴随状语。故填with。
44．考查定语从句。句意：我没有去附近的桂林，在那里，游客们寻找石灰岩山顶和漓江的黑暗水域，这些都是艺术家在许多中国画中描绘的。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Guilin”，在定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
45．考查时态和语态。句意：我没有去附近的桂林，在那里，游客们寻找石灰岩山顶和漓江的黑暗水域，这些都是艺术家在许多中国画中描绘的。这里为从句的谓语动词，根据上文可知，从句时态为一般现在时，主语which指代先行词“the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River”，是复数意义，且和动词“picture”为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填are pictured。
46．考查形容词。句意：相反，我直奔阳朔，阳朔也出现在许多文学作品中。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰名词“works”。故填literary。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：阳朔真的很美，在旅行顾问网站进行的一项研究报告中，阳朔甚至被称为世界十大旅游景点之一。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“Yangshuo”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填referred。
48．考查名词的数。句意：阳朔真的很美，在旅行顾问网站进行的一项研究报告中，阳朔甚至被称为世界十大旅游景点之一。one of后接名词复数形式。故填attractions。
49．考查冠词。句意：多亏了这份报告，这个小镇正迅速成为亚洲人的热门周末目的地。destination是可数名词单数形式，此处表示泛指，且popular的发音是辅音音素开头，用不定代词a。故填a。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：香港旅游公司Abercrombie & Kent表示，他们定期为居住在上海和香港的人安排在香港的快速旅行，到目前为止，他们得到的只有好评。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“people”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填living。
51．考查宾语从句。句意：香港旅游公司Abercrombie & Kent表示，他们定期为居住在上海和香港的人安排在香港的快速旅行，到目前为止，他们得到的只有好评。这里为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，用连接代词that引导，因是第二个宾语从句，故that不能省略。故填that。
52．perseverance
【详解】考查名词。句意：凭着信念和毅力，他终于克服了所有的困难。根据句汉语提示及连词and可知，此处应与名词faith一致，故填名词perseverance，作宾语。故填perseverance。
53．sympathetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：永远不要同情地看着残疾人。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词sympathetic，作定语修饰look。故填sympathetic。
54．political
【详解】考查形容词。句意：教育现在是一个政治问题。根据汉语提示可知，应填形容词political，作定语，修饰名词issue。故填political。
55．enthusiastic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：摩尔对自己制作的糖果充满热情，她对未来的前景也很乐观。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词enthusiastic，作表语。故填enthusiastic。
56．appointment
【详解】考查名词。句意：她把约会安排在星期五下午4点15分。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词appointment，作宾语，由不定冠词可知，应用名词单数形式。故填appointment。
57．    Hello, everyone! I am Lihua. It’s such a privilege for me to give a speech here. Today, I am going to share with you something about reducing the emission of carbon dioxide.
    Personally, a low-carbon lifestyle means saving more energy and producing less waste. In daily life we can do something to reduce. First, it makes sense to turn off water and electricity when we don’t use them. Besides, using reusable products like cloth bags is a good way to reduce pollution. Finally, we can travel on foot if possible, which is both environmentally friendly and beneficial to health.
    Every individual’s efforts count for a low-carbon society. Therefore, I appeal to you to take action now.
    That’s all. Thank you!

【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生以“践行低碳生活，从我做起”为主题写一篇英文演讲稿，讲述对低碳生活的理解，如何做到低碳生活以及发出倡议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
荣幸/光荣：privilege→honor
发表演讲：give a speech→deliver a speech
就个人而言：personally→in one’s opinion
减少：reduce→cut down
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, using reusable products like cloth bags is a good way to reduce pollution.
拓展句：Besides, using products like cloth bags can reduce pollution, which is a good way .
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, it makes sense to turn off water and electricity when we don’t use them.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Finally, we can travel on foot if possible, which is both environmentally friendly and beneficial to health.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
58．范文一∶
After school, Will saw the truck parked in front of his house. Puzzled and curious, he quickened his pace, wondering who would be the unexpected visitor. Hardly had he stepped into the doorway when he noticed that Allan, the man he met in the morning, was talking with his father. Astonished to see the scene, he asked curiously, “ Are you old acquaintance?” His father beamed up, “No, but Mr. Allan have told me what had happened this morning and he offered to give me a job, as a deliveryman!”
Hearing the good news, Will turned overjoyed. He asked eagerly, “Dad, with this job, do we need to sell our house?” “Probably not! At least it can help cover the medical expenses!” His father responded. Wearing a big smile on his face, Will expressed his heartfelt gratitude to Allan, offering that he would also help deliver the goods in the following summer vacation! Moved by the little boy, Allan stroked his head, “The vvorld will be kind to the one with a kind heart!” Leaning against the door was the father, who felt relieved, not only for the precious job, but for the kind boy. (175 words)
范文二∶
After school, Will saw the truck parked in front of his house. Will rushed in. To his amazement, Allen, the man whom he imagined he wouldn’t see ever again, was talking with his dad. At the sight of Will, Allen waved at him with a smile while his dad gave him a sudden hug, who learned the whole story from Allen, touched and delighted. Tears rolling in his eyes, he shared good news with Will. In return for Will’s kindness, Allen offered his father a job as a driver in his factory.
Hearing of the good news, Will turned overjoyed. He hugged Allen with a dump in his throat, tears welling up. Allen patted his head and appreciated the precious kindness. Even thought they had to sell the house for his mother’s treatment, Will could still buy food for a stranger. Allen asked,” We should be kind to the world, and the world will be kind to you, isn’t it?“ Listening to the words, Will burst into tears again，but this time warm and delighted. (共175字)
范文三∶
After school, Will saw the truck parked in front of his house. Walking into the house with great curiosity, Will found the familiar figure sitting next to his father. He can’t believe he should be the boss he met this morning! Realizing his surprised son standing still, Will’s father gladly stood up, introducing Allan to will Allan, who had told everything to Will’s father, walked straight to Will, gently touched Will’s hair and said,” I have found a man who would like to take my delivering job.’
Hearing the good news, Will turned overjoyed. “Really?” Will asked with a big smile on his innocent face. Will’s father gratefully explained that it is Allan who offered him the job opportunity at this hard time, and Allan even tried to make every effort to provide necessary helps for their family. Will was deeply touched, with a choking voice, he said, “Thank you. but I don’t know how to pay for your kindness.” “You owe me nothing, Will You are kind to the world, and the world is kind to you now.”(160)
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了威尔是一个9岁的男孩，他是一个非常善良的人，他把断了翅膀的鸟带回了家。因为他母亲病了，他家里很缺钱。每个周末，威尔都会给邻居修剪草坪，赚点小钱。一个炎热干燥的早晨，威尔在去学校的路上，看见一个人双手抱头坐在路边，于是帮助了这个名叫艾伦的人。最后这个人也帮助了威尔一家。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“放学后，威尔看到卡车停在他家门前。”可知，第一段可描写艾伦来到威尔家，给他父亲提供工作的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“听到这个好消息，威尔欣喜若狂。”可知，第二段可描写威尔一家得到的帮助。
2.续写线索：看到卡车——帮助——感谢——陪回家——拒绝——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
看见：see/spot
提议：offer/propose
表达：express/convey
情绪类
惊讶：astonished / surprised
感谢：gratitude / appreciation
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hardly had he stepped into the doorway when he noticed that Allan, the man he met in the morning, was talking with his father. (运用了部分倒装)
[高分句型2] Puzzled and curious, he quickened his pace, wondering who would be the unexpected visitor. (运用了who引导宾语从句)