人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection练习题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection练习题，共18页。试卷主要包含了With　考查介词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Next time we g t the beach we shuld be careful with ur (垃圾).
2.His recent success has helped t (恢复) his faith in his wn ability.
3.She was (罚款) $300 and banned frm driving fr ne mnth.
4.The (体积) f this ancient cntainer used t stre rice is said t be abut 1,000 cubic metres.
5.Let me cngratulate the rganizers f this frum n putting tgether an utstanding (议程).
6.We must carry n the public health (运动) t reduce disease and imprve health cnditin.
7.They are determined t carry n with the (事业) fr the benefit f future generatins.
8.The safe (处置) f nuclear waste is a majr prblem, which aruses many cuntries' cncern.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in effect;cntribute t;dzens f;set up;carry ut;make use f
1.Yu can the building materials that have been put aside.
2.They are determined this experiment, regardless f what happens.
3.Sarah is an utging teenager wh has friends in that grup.
4.Favrable plicies are in rder t encurage emplyees' prfessinal develpment.
5.The three sns have the family business, s they have their wn prtin in the cmpany.
6.A new middle schl has been in the muntainus village and mre children have access t educatin.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1. (hnest), yu culdn't make him satisfied with what yu did.
2.These agreements have an effect the buyer and the seller.
3.Yu will never find that the meat has already gne bad if yu dn't make a careful (inspect).
4.She had n (tlerant) fr jkes f any kind s we are all afraid t play jkes n her.
5.He explained this (regulate) t me wrd fr wrd, and I get the key pint f it sn.
6.We all take an active rle in ur cmmunity, which takes the lead in the
(cnserve) f wildlife.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.人们相信外太空有生命。
there is life in uter space.
2.有史密斯先生教我,我确信我能取得很大进步。
, I am sure that I can make great prgress.
3.那位和蔼的英语老师被调到另一所学校去了,这让所有的学生都很伤心。
The kind English teacher was transferred t anther schl, .
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
The beautiful Li River attracts millins f dmestic and freign visitrs each year. Hwever, a reprt said the water had been seriusly plluted, with mre husehld and cmmercial waste 1 (end) up in the river. Lcal fficials were 2 (cncern) that the pllutin was damaging the natural envirnment. They tk a number f measures 3 addressed the issues. The cnstructin f waste water treatment 4 (facility) imprved the water quality and water cnservatin. The cllectin and transprt f husehld waste 5 (imprve) t. Dzens f plluting enterprises were clsed 6 mved. The lcal gvernment set up strict regulatins regarding further industrial 7 (develp). New rules were als intrduced regarding tur bat rutes and garbage dispsal methds. Furthermre, the lcal authrities began t use the media 8 (spread) envirnmental awareness and encurage greater use f clean energy. At the same time, they started t carry ut inspectins 9 (regular) and fine turist rganisatins fr abuses. 10 these measures, it is believed that the beauty f the Li River will be preserved fr generatins t cme.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021北京普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷,)
Average age is rising wrldwide—a demgraphic (人口结构的)change that may pse a significant challenge t effrts t slw dwn climate change.
Hssein Estiri at Harvard University and Emili Zagheni f the Max Planck Institute fr Demgraphic Research, Germany, have fund that energy use increases as we get lder, and nt just because we tend t get wealthier. An ageing ppulatin culd mean a greater prprtin f sciety with higher energy use, their study annunces.
They cmbined tw decades' wrth f data frm thusands f US husehlds and used this t build a mdel t reveal hw energy use varied acrss 17 age grups between 1987 and 2009. They fund that, n average, children's energy cnsumptin climbs as they grw up, befre dipping slightly when they leave hme. Cnsumptin then rises again when peple hit their 30s, befre briefly drpping after 55, and then begins t climb again. The study invlved factrs such as incme, lcal climate and the age, type and size f a persn's hme. The increase in energy use at varius pints in ur lifespan (寿命)seems t be the result f lifestyle and hw ur needs change as we age.
Why des demand grw s much in ur 30s? “We need mre f everything. Mre space, a bigger TV,tw fridges,” says Estiri. The study fund that, in warmer parts f the US, energy use increases in peple ver the age f 65—prbably as a result f increased use f air cnditining.This suggests that there is a feedback effect between climate change and an ageing ppulatin that will nly make matters wrse.
Heat waves have becme mre cmmn in the US in recent years and are expected t becme mre frequent due t glbal warming. Mre lder peple using mre electrical energy t keep cl as temperatures rise culd add t emissins(排放物),and thus drive mre warming until ur energy supply becmes entirely fssil-fuel-free.
“This cnfluence (汇集)f ppulatin, ageing and climate change n energy demand is really imprtant t start thinking abut building a lw energy cnsumptin cuntry,” says Estiri. Benjamin Svacl at the University f Sussex, UK, says the wrk shws the imprtance f demgraphics when it cmes t cutting carbn emissins. Mst mdelling f climate change mitigatin (减缓气候变化的模型) assumes peple's energy cnsumptin either stays the same r nly changes by a small amunt ver time.
“This study directly challenges the entire bdy f the research by frcing it t fight with the temprality and cmplexity f the cnsumptin f energy,”says Svacl.
Catherine Mitchell at the University f Exeter, UK, says the research culd have an imprtant influence n plicy makers. “What the paper says is that there is a lt f wrk abut hw buildings use energy, but prbably nt enugh abut hw the peple in them use energy,” she says.
1.By saying “nt just because we tend t get wealthier” in Paragraph 2, the writer prbably means that .
A.pr peple can't bring dwn the high demand fr energy
B.a cmfrtable life is nt the main cause f increased energy use
C.there are sme ther reasns leading t the increase in energy cnsumptin
D.peple being wealthy r nt has nthing t d with the rise in energy cnsumptin
2.Which f the fllwing statements is Hssein Estiri mst likely t supprt?
A.Energy will stp increasing when peple get lder.
B.His research culd inspire plicy makers t change current plicies.
C.Varius factrs influencing energy cnsumptin shuld be cnsidered.
D.Old peple shuld use fssil-fuel-free rather than electrical energy t keep cl.
3.What is the shrtcming f mst mdelling f climate change mitigatin?
A.It is expensive and difficult t prmte.
B.It verestimates the husehld energy cnsumptin.
C.It did nt take climate change adaptatin int accunt.
D.It regards energy cnsumptin as stable r as nly slightly changing.
4.What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A.Mre emphasis shuld be put n peple's energy use.
B.The gvernment can't d much withut the supprt f the study.
C.It is the buildings, nt the peple inside, that cnsume the majrity f the energy.
D.Plicy makers have been wrking n hw t cut dwn peple's energy use.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020山东实验中学高二检测,)
The increasing envirnmental prblems and need fr ec-friendly prducts and services are creating a new jb sectin f green-cllar jbs. 1 It is expected that by 2025 abut 25% f the jbs in develped cuntries will be green-cllar jbs. Desn't the data lk prmising fr the future?
2 And jbs will pp up at every incme level, frm envirnmental managers t gardeners. Fr example, many cuntries including the United States have understd that fssil fuels have a negative effect n the envirnment which can later becme a serius danger t mankind. 3 The increasing demand fr new resurces has created the need fr experts and researchers wh can find better ways t deal with the nging needs. In additin, in rder t meet the increasing demand fr envirnment-friendly equipment, bth green prduct designers and educated and trained wrkers are needed. Management f envirnmental enterprises and rganizatins als demands a large number f envirnmental managers.
4 The Internet is undubtedly the best way t find infrmatin n almst any matter. Nwadays, different kinds f jbs are being psted nline. Search thrugh a cuple f jb websites t lk fr a bright future in energy cnversin and recycling f waste management. Check regularly and find the right wrk fr yurself. 5
A.Where can yu find green-cllar jbs?
B.Peple wh take green careers will be well paid.
C.Frget the blue-cllar and white-cllar categries.
D.Green-cllar jbs have becme a bright career chance fr all.
E.Peple wh read newspapers can als find different kinds f green-cllar jbs.
F.As a result, pssibilities are being explred t find alternatives t satisfy demands in a better way.
G.Many cuntries f the wrld have realized the imprtance f and the need fr energy-saving prducts and services.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.概要写作
(2020浙江9+1高中联盟期中考试, )
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Exercising is a free-time activity that helps peple t feel gd in many aspects f the definitin f health.
The best-knwn part that exercising imprves is the physical part. The physical effect f exercising is that every part f ur bdy is in cntinuus and sustainable mvement. There are many parts f ur bdy that benefit frm exercise, but ne f the mst imprtant parts that exercising helps is the bld circulatin system. Fr example, when yu exercise, muscles mve, and t mve, muscles need xygen in the bld, s the heart has t pump bld at a faster speed t sustain the muscles' mvement. This trains yur heart and lungs t give yu mre strength in the future.
Anther part f the definitin f health is mental health. This is ne f the aspects that make peple exercise. Exercise distracts and relaxes yu fr a while because in yur exercise, yu are getting rid f many feelings, such as stress. Many peple feel that after exercising, all the prblems and pressures they have undergne disappear r at least are frgtten fr a while. While exercising, prblems f ur lives can be slved because yu are calm and relaxed, and it's just much easier t think clearly.
The scial aspect f health is helped with exercise because many f the sprts are and can be dne with smene else. This makes strnger relatinships because yu meet peple that are like yu and share the same things with yu. I think that this makes yu feel mre secure and learn abut human relatinships.
Exercising is an activity that tuches the three aspects f health. By exercising yu culd imprve the functin f yur bdy, be calm in yur mind, and meet new peple, which make a healthier life. All in all, exercising enables yu t get the satisfactin f ding smething that helps yu t live a healthy life. This idea causes many peple t think f exercise as a drug. Yu shuld try it. Exercise, and be healthy.




答案全解全析
Part 3 Using Language, Assessing Yur Prgress &Vide Time
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.restre 3.fined 4.vlume 5.agenda
6.campaign 7.enterprise 8.dispsal
Ⅱ use f 2.t carry ut 3.dzens f 4.in effect
5.cntributed t 6.set up
Ⅲ 考查副词。句意:说实话,你无法让他对你的所作所为感到满意。设空处作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词。
2.n 考查介词。句意:这些协议对买卖双方都有影响。have an effect n对……有影响。
3.inspectin 考查名词。句意: 如果你不仔细检查,你永远不会发现肉已经变质了。设空处被careful修饰,作动词make的宾语,需要使用所给词的名词形式。故填inspectin。
4.tlerance 考查名词。句意: 她不能容忍任何形式的玩笑,所以我们都不敢开她的玩笑。设空处被n限定,作前面动词had的宾语,需要使用所给词的名词形式,故填tlerance。
5.regulatin 考查名词。句意:他逐字逐句地给我解释这项条例,我很快就掌握了要点。this是指示代词,后面应该接名词,explained是动词,后面应该接名词作宾语,因此该空填名词regulatin。
6.cnservatin 考查名词。句意:我们都在社区中发挥积极的作用,我们的社区在野生动物保护方面走在前面。由设空处前的the和空后的f可知此处应填名词cnservatin。
Ⅳ is believed that
2.With Mr. Smith teaching me
3.making all the students very sad
Ⅴ 考查现在分词。句意:然而,一项报告显示,由于更多的家庭和商业废物最终进入河中,河水已经受到了严重的污染。此处名词waste与end up之间是主动关系,因此用现在分词形式作with复合结构中的宾补。
2.cncerned 考查形容词。句意:当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境。be cncerned that担心……。
3.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:他们采取了许多解决这些问题的措施。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语,先行词为measures,故用that或which。
4.facilities 考查名词的数。句意:污水处理设施的建设改善了水质和水的保护。facility是可数名词,其前没有限定词,再根据句意可知应该用复数形式。
5.was imprved 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:生活垃圾的收集和运输也得到了改善。由语境可知用一般过去时;句子主语的中心词是The cllectin and transprt,意思是“收集和运输”,看作一个整体,因此谓语动词用单数形式。句子主语与imprve之间为被动关系,故填was imprved。
6.r 考查连词。句意:许多污染企业被关闭或搬迁。r表示选择关系,意思是“或者”。
7.develpment 考查名词。句意:当地政府制定了关于进一步发展工业的严格规定。industrial是形容词,所以空格处用名词develpment,表示“发展”。
8.t spread 考查动词不定式。句意:此外,地方当局开始利用媒体传播环保意识,并鼓励(人们)更多地使用清洁能源。use sth. t d sth.用某物做某事。
9.regularly 考查副词。句意:同时,他们开始实行定期检查……。此空修饰动词短语carry ut,因此用副词。
10.With 考查介词。句意:有了这些措施,人们相信漓江的美将会被保存下来,留给未来的世世代代。with在此处意思为“有,拥有”。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了人类能源消耗的变化情况及产生的原因,研究人员建议应注重人的能源消耗,而不仅仅是建筑物消耗的能源。
1.C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句An ageing ppulatin culd mean a greater prprtin f sciety with higher energy use, their study annunces.(他们的研究宣称,人口老龄化可能意味着社会上更大比例的人口有更高的能源使用)可推断energy use increases as we get lder, and nt just because we tend t get wealthier的句意是:随着年龄的增长,能源的使用也会增加,而不仅仅是因为我们往往会变得更富有。也就是说还有一些其他原因导致能源消耗增加。故选C。文中并没有说导致能源使用增加的原因中哪个是主要原因,哪个是次要原因,由此可以排除B项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第六段的“This cnfluence (汇集)f ppulatin, ageing and climate change n energy demand is really imprtant t starting thinking abut building a lw energy cnsumptin cuntry,” says Estiri.(Estiri说:“人口聚集、老龄化和气候变化对能源的需求对于开始思考建立一个低能源消耗的国家是非常重要的。”)可推断,Estiri最可能支持“影响能源消耗的各种因素都需要考虑”这一观点。故选C。由第三段第三句可知,A项表述错误;由最后一段可知,B项所说的内容是Catherine Mitchell的观点。
3.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的Mst mdelling f climate change mitigatin (减缓气候变化的模型) assumes peple's energy cnsumptin either stays the same r nly changes by a small amunt ver time.(大多数减缓气候变化的模型都假设人们的能源消耗要么保持不变,要么随时间发生少量变化。)可知,大多数减缓气候变化的模型的缺点是认为能源消耗是稳定的或只是轻微地变化。故选D。
4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的What the paper says is that there is a lt f wrk abut hw buildings use energy, but prbably nt enugh abut hw the peple in them use energy(论文上说,关于建筑物如何使用能源的工作有很多,但关于建筑物中的人如何使用能源的工作可能还不够)可推断, 应该更加强调人的能源使用。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.n average平均来看 2.cnsumptin n.消耗
3.dip v.下降 4.as a result f由于 5.assume v.假设;假定
长难句分析
原句 Hssein Estiri at Harvard University and Emili Zagheni f the Max Planck Institute fr Demgraphic Research, Germany, have fund that energy use increases as we get lder, and nt just because we tend t get wealthier.
分析 本句是主从复合句,主句的主语较长,就是第二个逗号前面的名词短语,谓语是have fund,that引导宾语从句,宾语从句中as引导时间状语从句,后面的because引导原因状语从句。
句意 哈佛大学的Hssein Estiri和德国马克斯·普朗克人口研究所的Emili Zagheni发现,随着我们年龄的增长,能源消耗会增加,而不仅仅是因为我们往往会变得更富有。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了环保事业的未来是光明的,开发新的能源可能创造出“绿领工作”。
1.G 空前提到环保问题的增加及对环保产品和服务的需求产生了一个新的工作阶层——绿领工作,空后提到预计到2025年发达国家大约有25%的工作将会是绿领工作,说明世界上已有很多国家意识到了节能产品和服务的重要性,并认识到环保行业的必要性。此处体现的是顺承关系,故选G。prducts and services为关键词。
2.D 此空位于句首,属于段落主题句。本段通过列举一些工作机会说明了绿领工作有前途。D项符合语境,故选D。
3.F 空前提到包括美国在内的许多国家已经意识到化石燃料对环境有负面影响,空后提到对新能源的需求促使产生了对专家研究人员、环保设备等的需求。因此,这里应承上启下,说明由于上面的情况,人们正在探索可替代资源,故选F。
4.A 后文讲述互联网无疑是最好的办法,几乎可以找到关于任何事情的信息。因此前面应是问句,问在哪里可以找到这样的绿领工作。故选A。
5.E 本段讲的是在哪里可以找到绿领工作,可以在互联网上找,经常看报的人也可以找到各种绿领工作,故选E。
【高频词汇】 1.increasing adj.与日俱增的 2.prmising adj.有前途的 3.in additin除此之外 4.undubtedly adv.毋庸置疑地 5.cnversin n.转变;转换;改变 6.alternative n.可供选择的事物
长难句分析
原句 Fr example, many cuntries including the United States have understd that fssil fuels have a negative effect n the envirnment which can later becme a serius danger t mankind.
分析 该句是主从复合句。句子主干是many cuntries have understd...;including the United States为介词短语作后置定语,修饰前面的many cuntries;understd后的that引导的是宾语从句,该宾语从句中包含which引导的定语从句,修饰先行词fssil fuels。
句意 例如,包括美国在内的许多国家都认识到,化石燃料对环境有负面影响,以后可能成为对人类的严重威胁。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文为说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为体育健康。锻炼可以帮助人们在健康定义的许多方面感觉良好。锻炼可以提升我们的身体健康、心理健康,还可以让我们的人际关系更牢固,所以我们应该锻炼身体,保持健康。
脉络分析
One pssible versin:
Exercising is helpful in many aspects f peple's health.(要点1) First, it imprves ur physical health, especially ur bld circulatin system.(要点2) Besides, it des great gd t peple's mental health, with many negative feelings released.(要点3) Mrever, exercising can strengthen peple's scial relatinships by exercising with thse having the same interests.(要点4) In a wrd, exercising benefits us physically, mentally, and scially, which is f great help fr us t live a healthy life.(要点5)