高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters复习练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters复习练习题，共9页。

写作题目
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
A 7.1-magnitude quake tppled(使倒塌) huses, cut ff pwer and first-aid materials' supply in Yushu, Qinghai Prvince n Wednesday.
Rescuers have set up mre than 40 tents fr survivrs in the Gyegu Twn, near the epicenter(震中)in the Tibetan Autnmus Prefecture f Yushu in suthern Qinghai. But the effrt seems far less than enugh fr the area inhabited(居住于) by sme 100,000 peple. Many peple sught temprary shelters in buildings that remained unaffected by the tremr(轻微地震). In the yard f Yushu's Sprts Cmmittee, nearly 1,000 peple were sitting r lying n the grund in sheer(完全的)darkness. Sme wrapped themselves up with quilts(被子) taken ut frm the debris. Sme brught their wn tents and thers turned n the lights f mtrcycles.
The Natinal Meterlgical Statin frecast n Wednesday that temperatures may hit minus 3 degrees Celsius at night and 15 degrees Celsius in the daytime in the cming days.The twn will see strng winds and sunny weather in the cming days, prviding favrable cnditins fr rescue peratins.
The twn is lcated in a remte area in Qinghai and the quake and ensuing(随后发生的)landslides have damaged rads, causing great difficulties fr rescuers and, especially, machines t enter the regin. In additin, rescuers may easily get exhausted(筋疲力尽的) wrking at a place with an altitude(海拔)f abve 4,000 meters.
Thusands f rescuers and medical staff are rushing t Yushu frm many regins f China, bringing machines, disaster-relief materials and medicines t the quake-hit twn. The gvernment, rganizatins, enterprises and individuals are ffering dnatins f mney and materials t the regin.



文本分析
(1)语篇解读
主题语境:人与社会——社会救助
语篇类型:新闻报道
文章大意:这是一则2010年的新闻报道,该新闻报道了青海玉树地震发生后的灾民状况、天气条件以及救灾情况。
(2)段落主题
该篇文章是一个总分的结构,第一段陈述发生的事件,下面四段分别从几个方面详细阐述该事件。各段的主旨大意如下:
第一段:A 7.1-magnitude quake ccurred in Yushu,Qinghai Prvince n Wednesday.
第二段:The survivrs relied n the tents.But because there were nt enugh tents, many peple sught temprary shelters r even sat r lied n the grund in darkness.
第三段:The weather prvided favrable cnditins fr rescue peratins.
第四段:The damaged rads caused great difficulties fr rescuers and machines t enter the regin. The high altitude made rescuers easily get exhausted.
第五段:A lt f rescuers, medical staff and disaster-relief materials are being sent t Yushu.
筛选、整合信息、转换表达
1.第一段的主旨大意可以概括为要点1。其中的ccurred in可以转换表达为 ,表示“产生不好的影响;打击”。
2.第二段的主旨大意可以概括为要点2。结合第二段的主旨大意来看,the survivrs有三种状态,即 、 和sat r lied n the grund in darkness,其中sat r lied n the grund in darkness即待在外面,用英文表述为 。because there were nt enugh tents是一个because引导的原因状语从句,可以转换表达为because f短语,nt enugh可以转换表达为 ,表示“有限的”。
3.第三段和第四段的主旨大意可以概括为要点3。第三段描述的是救援的有利因素,第四段描述的是救援的不利因素,重点是突出不利因素的展示,所以有利因素可以用“介词despite+宾语”来表示,不利因素有两方面,即 和 ,这两方面的不利因素对救援活动造成了很大的困难。
4.第五段的主旨大意可以概括为要点4。要点4是在陈述希望,所以可以用 与要点3衔接。
答案 1.hit 2.relied n the tents;sught temprary shelters;stayed utdrs;limited 3.the damaged rads;the high altitude 4.Luckily
连句成篇




参考范文
A 7.1-magnitude quake hit Yushu, Qinghai Prvince n Wednesday.(要点1)The survivrs relied n the tents,and because f limited tents,many peple sught temprary shelters r stayed utdrs.(要点2) Despite the favrable weather cnditins, the damaged rads and the high altitude caused great difficulties fr the rescue wrk.(要点3) Luckily, a lt f rescuers, medical staff and disaster-relief materials are being sent t Yushu.(要点4)
写作积累
新闻概要的要点一般包括日期、时刻、地点、事件、起因、结果和可能的后续活动等。写概要时内容只需包括文本中的重要信息或事例,原报道中的大量数字、被采访者的话语等均可被省略,力求语言简明扼要,要点齐全。新闻概要写作一般包括以下步骤:
1.阅读文本,摘选关键信息;
2.总结文本各段大意;
3.组织语言,试写摘要;
4.修改语句,定稿作品。
实战演练
(2020 山东师大附中高一上12月月考,)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
American English began in the 17th century. At the beginning f the 17th century, the English language was brught t Nrth America by clnists (殖民者) frm England. They used the language spken in England, that is, Elizabethan English, the language used by Shakespeare.
In rder t find new resurces in America, British clnists settled dwn there and frm 1607 t 1732 set up thirteen clnies, including Virginia, Nrth Carlina, New Yrk, and New Jersey. In these thirteen areas, English was a cmmn language used by all peple. The first clnists established(建立) the English frm in America.
As time went by, the English language gradually changed n bth sides f the Atlantic. Freigners lnging fr wealth set ft n the castal area t trade. Americans brrwed many wrds frm freign languages and invented numerus new wrds t meet their cmmercial(贸易的,商业的) needs.
Fllwing America's independence, famus peple like Thmas Jeffersn, the President, began t cnsider that the cuntry shuld have a language f its wn. Nah Webster cmpiled(编写) three elementary bks n English. Later, he expressed the idea that as an independent natin, America shuld have a system f its wn in language as well as in gvernment.
Since the rise f the United States t a psitin f wrld imprtance, American English has been develping and changing. There is n dubt that American English will enrich the English language greatly. With the rapid develpment f the mdern mass media and the cmmn needs f ecnmic, cultural and plitical exchanges, American English is mre widely used in the wrld than British English.



答案全解全析
实战演练
概要写作
写作指导
1.语篇内容解读
本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会。文章通篇围绕关键词American English展开,按照时间顺序讲述了它的起源与发展。17世纪,英语由英国殖民者带到北美洲,并在其建立的13个殖民地中成了一种通用的语言形式。因为贸易需求,美国人通过借用外来词汇和创造新词汇不断发展他们的语言。在独立后,美国逐渐形成了自己独立的语言体系。随着美国国际地位的提升,美式英语逐渐发展,在国际上的影响力逐渐超越英式英语。
2.文章脉络分析
American English
Para.1 American English began in the 17th century.
Para.2 The English frm was established in America by the first clnists.
Para.3 The English language changed gradually with the develpment f trade.
Para.4 After the independence f America, America gradually frmed a language f its wn.
Para.5 American English is becming mre widely used due t its imprtant wrld psitin.
3.写作建议
因为原文是以时间顺序来讲述美式英语的起源与发展的,所以在写概要时,要注意使用恰当的时间词汇来连接上下文,呈现原文的要点。
One pssible versin:
American English was brn in the 17th century.(要点1)At first, English was brught t America by the British clnists and then changed gradually with the develpment f the ecnmy. (要点2)It was after America's independence that America gradually frmed a language f its wn.(要点3)Nwadays, American English is becming mre influential due t the imprtant psitin f America in wrld affairs.(要点4)