高中英语课时作业9UNIT4Scientistswhochangedtheworld含解析译林版必修第三册 练习

课时分层作业(九)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

In the near future，we may be using our eyes to operate our smartphones and tablets，even when it comes to playing popular games like Fruit Ninja.

The Gaze Group has been developing eye­controlled computer technology for nearly 20 years.But those devices have been firstly designed to help those with disabilities，and are very expensive.

“After a while，we figured out that probably the best way is to go for a mass­market way，” says Gaze's Sune Alstrup Johansen，“where everybody would have this available.”

Johansen and some of his colleagues have formed a new company，The Eye Tribe，which is hoping to develop the technology on a mass commercial level.

The technology works when combined with the

computing device toward the user's face.After making sure of the user's eye movements，the technology is then able to easily find where a person's eyes are moving，and then allow the eyes to control a cursor(光标)．

“Our software can then determine the location of the eyes and know where you're looking on the screen to make sure what you're looking at，” reads an explanation on The Eye Tribe site.

There has been a gradual change toward hands­free technology in recent years，particularly in the gaming world.Recently Xbox released the Kinect device，which lets users control their Xbox and play certain games using only their hands，legs and voices.But still，most of these devices have been more of a gimmick than a practical way to use one's hands to control a mobile device.Johansen said a replaceable filter(滤光器) would be a cheap，convenient way for most consumers.

And even as companies like The Eye Tribe work to create such a product for the average user，making the eye­controlled technology more accessible and less expensive will have similar benefits for physically disabled users.

For more articles on modern science，please CLICK here.

【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了在不久的将来，人们手中的智能手机和平板电脑或许可以用眼睛操控了，甚至在玩像水果忍者这样的流行游戏时也是如此。

1．Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

A．An introduction of a new device.

B．An introduction of smartphones.

C．An introduction of eye­controlling technology.

D．An introduction of a new technology for the disabled.

C　[主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在不久的将来，我们可能会用我们的眼睛操作我们的智能手机和平板电脑，甚至在玩像水果忍者这样的流行游戏时也是如此。故选C。]

2．The underlined word “gimmick” probably means “________”．

A．truth　 B．phone

C．trick D．review

C　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，它不是一种用手控制移动设备的实用方法，由此可以猜测出这些设备大多只是一种噱头，也就是一种用以吸引人的技巧，故画线词gimmick的意思是：trick(技巧，诡计)。故选C。]

3．According to the passage，we can learn that________．

A．the eye­controlling technology was first developed for the blind

B．there is no such a phone as we can use only with our eyes at present

C．the present developing of the technology will bring no good

D．the eye­controlling technology is only intended for the disabled people

B　[细节理解题。根据第一段“In the near future，we may be using our eyes to operate our smartphones and tablets，even when it comes to playing popular games like Fruit Ninja.”可知，不久的将来我们可能会有这样的智能手机，所以说目前我们还没有这样一部用眼睛控制的手机。故选B。]

4．This passage is probably taken from________．

A．an experiment report

B．a science fiction

C．a school textbook

D．a science website

D　[文章出处题。最后一段“For more articles on modern science，please CLICK here.”中的“CLICK”是“点击”的意思，由此可以推断出该文章摘自一个科学网站。故选D。]

B

For many kids，the Internet is at their fingertips.From computers to smartphones，a web of information is open to them.According to a new report from the Pew Research Center，about three out of four kids aged 12 to 13 connect the Internet using a mobile device from time to time.Many younger kids are online too.

Julian Zeitlinger，9，from New Jersey，uses his computer to watch videos and play games.To keep him safe online，his parents monitor(监测) his web use and discuss Internet safety with him.“I ask my parents for help if something is wrong，” Julian says.

Mobile devices offer more ways than ever to share personal information.The information can be dangerous in the wrong hands.A study found that 62% of children aged 8 to 17 have had an unpleasant online experience.

Have you ever had to enter a parent's e­mail address when signing up for a website？That safety net is there because of the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act(COPPA)．The law says sites for kids under 13 cannot collect personal information，such as a phone number or full name，without a parent's permission(允许)．

This July，the Federal Trade Commission(FTC) will update COPPA for the first time since the law was created，in 1998—when there were no smartphones.“The nature of the way kids get online has changed，” FTC lawyer Phyllis Marcus said.

When the changes take effect，COPPA will apply to mobile devices and newer forms of advertising.It will expand what falls under “personal information” to include videos，photographs and services that give user location(位置)．

COPPA doesn't cover everything that can go wrong online.That's why kids and parents need to know what to look out for and to stop and think before sharing information online.

“There is a misunderstanding that if a site is following COPPA，it is totally safe，” says privacy expert Shai Samet.He runs KidSAFE，which checks whether a site meets KidSAFE standards and is safe.“It's important that kids know how useful the Internet is but that it also can be dangerous if you are not careful，” he adds.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了儿童上网的安全问题及COPPA法案的成因及发展等。

5．Julian's parents check his web use to make sure________．

A．he doesn't watch too many videos

B．he doesn't play computer games

C．he stays safe on the Internet

D．he controls his online time

C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To keep him safe online，his parents monitor(监测) his web use”可知，朱利安的父母监测他的上网情况是为了确保他的网络安全。]

6．How does the author explain children's unpleasant online experiences?

A．By describing his own experiences.

B．By presenting scientific research.

C．By showing differences.

D．By using examples.

B　[写作手法题。根据第三段中的“A study found that 62% of children aged 8 to 17 have had an unpleasant online experience.”可知，作者主要是通过引用研究结果来说明孩子们不愉快的上网经历。]

7．People often hold the wrong idea that________．

A．formal websites are always safe

B．the Internet is becoming safer and safer

C．COPPA can ensure their complete safety

D．daily checks prevent future online problems

C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“There is a misunderstanding that if a site is following COPPA，it is totally safe”可知，人们认为遵循COPPA法案的网站可以确保他们上网的绝对安全，然而事实表明，这是一种误解。]

8．What's the main purpose of the text?

A．To ask parents to look out for their kids.

B．To tell people to be careful online.

C．To offer tips on online safety.

D．To introduce an online law.

B　[写作意图题。通读全文特别是文章最后一句中的“it also can be dangerous if you are not careful”可知，本文旨在告诫人们在上网时应该小心谨慎。故B项符合题意。]

Ⅱ.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When Bryan Anderson noticed an old lady，caught on the side of the road，he knew she needed help.So he pulled up in front of her Mercedes and got out with his motor still running.

Even with a big smile on his face，she was worried.He didn't look safe；he looked poor and hungry.After reading her mind，he introduced himself as Bryan Anderson and began to help her.

Learning that she had a flat tire，without a second thought，Bryan set out to work and took hours to get it right，dirty and tired.She couldn't thank him enough for coming to her aid.

With everything done，the lady asked how much she owed him.Any amount would have been all right with her.She already imagined all the awful things that could have happened.Bryan never thought about being paid.This was helping someone in need.He had lived his whole life that way，and it never occurred to him to act any other way.

Bryan told her that if she really wanted to pay him back，the next time she saw someone who needed help，she could give that person help the way he gave her，and he added，“And think of me to let the chain of love pass on.”

Hearing that she owed him nothing，with tears rolling down her cheeks，the old lady drove off with a deep “Thank you”．

A few miles down the road，the lady saw a small cafe.She went in to grab a bite to eat，and take the chill off before she made the last leg of her trip home.In the dirty­looking restaurant，the whole scene was unfamiliar to her；a waitress came over and brought a clean towel to wipe her wet hair.She had a sweet smile，one that even being on her feet for the whole day couldn't erase.The lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant，but she never let the strain and aches change her attitude.Then she remembered Bryan.

注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

After the lady finished her meal，she paid with a $100 bill.__________________

_____________________________________________________________________

That night when she got home from work，she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written. _______________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

After the lady finished her meal，she paid with a $100 bill.The waitress quickly went to get change for her$100 bill，but the old lady had driven off.She was gone by the time the waitress came back.The waitress wondered where the lady could be.Then she noticed something written on a napkin.There were tears in her eyes when she read what the lady wrote：You don't owe me anything.I have been there too.Somebody once helped me out the way I'm helping you.If you really want to pay me back，here is what you do：do not let this chain of love end with you.Under the napkin were four more $100 bills.

That night when she got home from work，she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written.She was wondering how the lady knew how much she and her husband were in need.With the baby to be born next month，it was going to be hard.She knew how worried her husband Bryan Anderson was，but now everything is going to be all right.

【导读】　经典名著《傲慢与偏见》情节富有喜剧性，语言机智幽默，是简·奥斯丁小说中最受欢迎的一部。阅读下面选取有关爱情的节选，对比中外文化中对爱情态度的异同。

Pride and Prejudice (Excerpt)

The Bennets' new neighbour

It is a truth well known to all the world that an unmarried man in possession of a large fortune must be in need of a wife.And when such a man moves into a neighbourhood，even if nothing is known about his feelings or opinions，this truth is so clear to the surrounding families，that they think of him immediately as the future husband of one or other of their daughters.

“My dear Mr. Bennet，” said Mrs. Bennet to her husband one day，“have you heard that someone is going to rent Netherfield Park at last？”

“No，Mrs. Bennet，I haven't，” said her husband.

“Don't you want to know who is renting it？” cried Mrs. Bennet impatiently.

“You want to tell me，and I don't mind listening.”

Mrs. Bennet needed no further encouragement.“Well，my dear，I hear that he's a very rich young man from the north of England.It seems he came to see Netherfield on Monday and was so delighted with it that he arranged to rent it at once.Of course，it is the finest house in the area，with the largest gardens.His servants will be here by the end of the week，and he will be arriving soon afterwards！”

“What is his name？” asked Mr. Bennet.

“Bingley.”

“Is he married or single？”

“Oh，single，my dear，of course! A single man of large fortune—he has an income of four or five thousand pounds a year.How wonderful for our girls！”

“Why? How can it affect them？” Mr. Bennet asked.

“My dear Mr. Bennet，” she replied，“how can you be so annoying! You must realize I'm thinking of his marrying one of our daughters.”

“Is that his purpose in coming to the area？”

“His purpose? No，of course not.But it's very likely that he'll fall in love with one of them.And I want him to see the girls as soon as possible，before our other neighbours introduce themselves.So you must visit him as soon as he arrives.”

“I really don't see why I should，” said Mr. Bennet.“You and the girls can visit him，or perhaps you should send them by themselves.Yes，that might be better，as you're as attractive as any of them，and Mr. Bingley might like you best.”

“My dear，you flatter me，” replied his wife，“I certainly have been called beautiful in the past，but I think a woman with five adult daughters should stop thinking of her own beauty.Mr. Bennet，I beg you to visit him.You know it's correct for the gentleman of the family to visit new neighbours first.I simply cannot take the girls to see him unless you have already met him.”

“Surely you worry too much about the rules of polite society.I'm sure Mr. Bingley will be delighted to see you all.And I'll write him a few lines，which you can give him，agreeing gladly to his marrying any of the girls，although I must especially recommend my dear little Lizzy.”

“Oh no，Mr. Bennet！” gasped Mrs. Bennet，horrified.“Please don't do that! And Lizzy is no better than the others，although I know she is your favourite.”

“Our daughters are all very silly，ignorant girls，it's true.But at least Lizzy is a little more intelligent than her sisters.”

“Mr. Bennet，how can you speak so unkindly of your own children? Oh dear，how ill I feel! Have you no pity for me? Don't you realize how I suffer？”

“Indeed，my dear，I've suffered with you for the last twenty three years.But I think you will recover，and live to see many more rich young men come into the neighbourhood.”

《傲慢与偏见》(节选)

班纳特家的新邻居

家财万贯而又尚未婚配的男人一定需要一个贤内助，这是一条世界上人尽皆知的真理。当这样一位男人搬到了附近时，这条真理在邻居们心中就显得更加清楚，他们哪怕对他的感情或意见一无所知，也会马上把他当作他们哪个女儿未来的丈夫。

“亲爱的班纳特先生，”一天，班纳特夫人对她丈夫说，“你听说了吗？尼日斐庄园到底还是租出去了。”

“我还没听说，班纳特太太，”她丈夫说。

“难道你不想知道是谁要租吗？”班纳特太太不耐烦地嚷了起来。

“你要想告诉我，我也不妨听听。”

班纳特夫人不需要更多的鼓励就开腔了。“啊，亲爱的，我听说他是个阔少爷，英格兰北部人。好像是星期一来看了看尼日斐，十分喜欢，马上安排把它租了下来。当然，连宅子的花园都那么大，那确实是这一片最好的庄园。他的仆人周末到，他本人随后就到！”

“他叫什么名字？”班纳特先生问道。

“彬格莱。”

“结婚了还是单身？”

“啊，亲爱的，当然是单身！家财万贯的单身汉——他每年收入四五千镑呢。对咱家姑娘们来说真是再好不过了！”

“为什么？这跟姑娘们有什么关系？”班纳特先生问道。

“我亲爱的班纳特先生，”她回答道，“你怎么那么讨厌！你应该想到，我是在考虑他跟我们哪个姑娘结婚。”

“他搬到这儿住就是为了这个吗？”

“为这个？当然不是。可是真说不准他会爱上我们哪个姑娘。我想尽早让他见见姑娘们，要赶在其他邻居自我介绍之前。所以，他一来你就得去拜访他一下。”

“我真是不明白为什么要去拜访他，”班纳特先生说，“你可以和姑娘们去，或者你让她们自己去。对，还是让她们自己去好，你长得那么迷人，比她们哪个都不逊色，说不定彬格莱先生会看上你。”

“亲爱的，你太夸奖我了，”他妻子答道，“过去人们当然说我漂亮，可是我觉得，一个女人家，五个女儿都长大成人了，不应该再老想自己漂亮不漂亮。班纳特先生，我求求你，还是去拜访他一下吧。你知道，来了新邻居，家里的男人先去拜访一下是应该的。你如果不先见见他，我怎么好带着姑娘们去呢？”

“你对文明社会的条条框框真是考虑得太多了。我相信彬格莱先生会很高兴见到你们几个的。对了，我给他写几句话，你可以捎过去，就说他随便娶哪个姑娘，我都很乐意。不过，我得特别推荐我的小丽萃。”

“哦，不，班纳特先生！”班纳特太太倒抽口气，吓坏了。“别那样！再说，丽萃也不比其他几个好，不过我知道你偏爱她。”

“我们几个姑娘都很蠢，很无知，这是真的。可是，丽萃至少还比她几个姐妹聪明点儿。”

“班纳特先生，你怎么能这样无情地说自己的亲生女儿？哦。亲爱的，我难受极了！你一点儿也不心疼我吗？你没想到我多难受吗？”

“怎么没想到，亲爱的，我跟着你难受了23年了。不过我想你会恢复过来的，会在有生之年看到更多的阔少爷来和我们做邻居。”

[知识积累]

1．flatter v.  奉承；阿谀

2．gasp v.   喘着气说出

3．horrified adj.   惊悸的；带有恐怖感的；惊骇的

4．ignorant adj.   无知的；愚昧的

[文化链接]

《傲慢与偏见》之角色解读

彬格莱先生是一位仪表堂堂的年轻绅士，为人温柔敦厚、坦白直爽，是每一位丈母娘都喜欢的“国民女婿”。但他天性谦和、缺乏自信，容易受他人影响。