外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown精品习题

Unit 5  Into the unknown

Period 3  Developing ideas & Presenting ideas

 （练习原卷版） 

I：单词拼写

1. The first ________ (卷，册) of his autobiography is bound in bright-coloured cloth.
2. How can such a  ________ (物质) have an effect on the human body?
3. Their regular and standardized shapes would have made them easy to ________ (堆起，摞起)  and store. of cards.
4. These are not similar or ________ (等同的，等值的) to what happens when man ages.
5. The proposed new structure is ________ (值得注意的) not only for its height, but for its shape.
6. Recent  ________ (考古的) evidence suggests that Chinese farmers concocted an alcoholic brew of rice, honey and grape 9000 years ago.
7.  ________ (钻探)  will continue on the site to assess the dimensions of the new oilfield.
8. I'm helping to do research on the  ________ (珊瑚) and the fish that live around the reefs.
9. Researchers have discovered a potential new species of fishes near the  ________ (海沟) .
10. The only survivor of a  ________ (沉船) was washed up on a small, uninhabited island.

II：单句语法填空

1. It’s said that the fancy ship will set sail __________ New Orleans tomorrow.
2. ________ (lie) under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks.  
3. You know that studying six consecutive hours is not equivalent to ________ (study) one hour a day for six days. 
4. _________ (give) our limited knowledge, it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various scientific fields.
5. ________ with any technology, not all uses of AI will be for the better.
6. In the waters, over 200 meters deep, _______ light cannot reach, are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction.
7. There is still life __________(find) in future, even around the deep-sea volcanic openings.
8. The research conducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of _______ the sea bed was formed.
9. Most notable of these is China’s discovery of an ice-like substance, known ________ “fire ice”.
10. China’s underwater vessels, such as the Jiaolong and Shenhai Yougshi, have been exploring waters ______ depths of thousands of meters.

III. 语法填空

Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks. All of them represent attempts over the centuries to explore Earth’s further corners. Among these ___1___ (be) the Esmeralda, the earliest wreck from the age of the European exploration of Asia. Today, some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail, there is little-- if any--land on our planet ___2___ (leave) unexplored. We have more detailed maps of the Moon, and even of Venus and Mars, ___3___ we do of Earth’s own sea bed.

Given our limited knowledge, it is perhaps no surprise ___4___ exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various scientific fields. As ___5___ the discovery of the Esmeralda, many archaeological finds ___6____ (make) in shallow waters near the coast. These may include whole cities buried beneath the waves. One such find is the ancient Roman city of Neapolis, discovered off the coast of Tunisia. ____7___ (believe) to have been buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD, the ruins of Neapolis are almost 2000 years old. The ____8___ (remain) streets and buildings offer a window into a fascinating period in our history. However, we are only beginning to overcome the challenges of pressure, ____9____ (dark) and extreme cold at vast depths. ____10_____ (fragment) of the past lying deep beneath the oceans are still waiting to be discovered.   

【答题卡】

IV. 阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Chinese scientists applied a specially developed new technology to laser-ranging (激光测距) telescopes, which enabled them to identify space waste more effectively than previous techniques, according to a study published in the Journal of Laser Applications. “After improving the pointing accuracy of the telescope through a neural (神经的) network , space debris (碎片) with a cross sectional area of one square meter ( 10 square feet) and a distance of 1 ,500 kilometers (932 miles ) can be identified," Tianming Ma, an author of the study from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing and Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, said in a statement.

Debris can include non-functional spacecraft, abandoned launch vehicle stages, and other mission-related space waste. It is very dangerous for astronauts and spacecraft in orbit above the Earth as they travel very fast — up to 18,000 miles per hour. Worryingly, there are probably many millions of tiny debris pieces in low-Earth orbit, and tens of thousands larger than a softball, NASA said. Fortunately, there have been surprisingly few collisions.

Laser-ranging technology has previously been used to find space waste. However, these systems have their limitations when it comes to accurately identifying small, fast-moving pieces. In fact, previous laser-ranging methods have only been accurate to within about 0. 6miles.

In an attempt to overcome the inaccuracies in laser-ranging techniques, the Chinese team used so-called neural networks to improve the effectiveness of their telescope system. Neural networks are computing systems which are inspired by biological networks in the brain. They can learn to become better at tasks without being given a specific set of rules to follow. Ma and his team tested this method against more traditional techniques at the Beijing Fangshen laser range telescope station. According to the team, this is the first time that neural network has been used to significantly improve the pointing accuracy of a laser-ranging telescope. They say that the latest findings could have significant meaning for guiding spacecraft in orbit.

1. What are laser-ranging telescopes designed to do?

A. Set up a neural network in space.           B. Find out the precise position of space waste.

C. Help the telescopes work more accurately.   D. Confirm the amount and size of space waste.

2. Which can be regarded as space debris according to the text?

A. Useless man-made objects in space. B. Fast-travelling softballs.

C. Launch vehicle stages in low-Earth orbit. D. Satellites moving too fast.

3. What can be used to describe the function of neural networks?

A. Rule followers. B. Biological computing.

C. Machine learning. D. Spacecraft guidance

4. What can be the best title of the text?

A. New Technology Used to Find Space Waste

B. The First Telescope to Handle Space Debris

C. An Invention for Astronauts and Spacecraft

D. The Substitute for Laser-ranging Telescopes

V. 书面表达

   公元四世纪之后，举世闻名的楼兰古城突然销声匿迹，一直引发人们的猜测。请根据提示写一篇英语短文。

1. 曾经是绿洲，众多商队在此暂时休憩；它在古代丝绸之路上占有极为重要的地位。

2. 有人认为是楼兰人乱砍滥伐所致；

3. 科学家认为给楼兰人最后一击的是瘟疫。

参考词汇：oasis 绿洲；    caravan 商队；  plague 瘟疫

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