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2021学年Unit 5 Music导学案
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这是一份2021学年Unit 5 Music导学案，共12页。
知识导航
1. 掌握并熟练运用本单元核心词汇和短语；
2. 掌握过去分词作表语和作状语的用法；
3. 了解虚拟合唱的由来和发展，以及对人们生活的影响；
知识精讲
Reading and Thinking
Q: What ther new ideas r new technlgy d yu knw that have given us a ttally different experience nwadays?
Tina: We have VR (visual reality) nwadays. It gives us mre chances t experience smething different. VR can nt nly braden the fields f ur visin, but als make us relaxed when we are under much pressure.
Frank: Online teaching is cnsidered as an advanced technlgy which has been changing ur lives gradually. With its help, we can learn mre knwledge thrugh nline platfrm. It can bring us mre cnvenience.
Cc: Kuaishu is a gd sftware which gives rdinary peple mre chances t shw their talents. It is ppular with peple f all ages and it can bring ut the best in themselves. We can nt nly shw urselves but als learning lts f things frm it.
课文原句
Brn in the USA n 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the university f Nevada in 1988.
Mved by this music, he said, "It was like seeing clr fr the first time."
Inspired, he asked his fans t make vides, which he then jined tgether int ne perfrmance.
核心考点
过去分词作表语和作状语
过去分词作表语
1. 过去分词可放在系动词be，get，feel， remain，seem，lk， becme等之后做表语，表示主语所处的状态。
He seemed quite delighted at the news.
2. 过去分词做表语多表示人自身的感觉、感受或事物自身的状态；现在分词做表语则多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。
He became discuraged.
The situatin prves encuraging.
3. 过去分词做表语时与被动语态的区别：“be+过去分词”表示状态时，是系表结构，此时过去分词通常已形容词化；表示动作时，是被动语态，且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词by引出。
The bk is well written. (系表结构，强调主语所处的状态。)
The bk was written by a sldier. (被动语态，强调主语所承受的动作。)
过去分词作状语
过去分词(短语)做状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明动作发生的背景或情况，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以与状语从句转换，表示时间、让步、结果、方式等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间为动宾关系。
1. 时间状语
过去分词(短语)做时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，可以在其前加上when， while，until等，使其时间意义更明确；该状语可置于句首、句尾或主语与谓语之间。从时间意义上看，该动作常表示先于谓语动作发生，也可与谓语同时发生。
Tld that his mther was seriusly ill, Li Ping hurried hme quickly. (先于谓语动作发生)
Seen frm the tp f the hill, the city lks mre beautiful
=When (it is) seen frm the tp f the hill, the city lks mre beautiful. (与谓语同时发生)
2. 原因状语
过去分词 (短语) 做原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句，多位于句首，偶尔也出现在句尾或句中。
Mved by the heric deeds, the children culdn't help crying.
3. 条件状语
过去分词 (短语) 做条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句，可以在其前加上if， unless，nce等，多位于句首，该状语可能是对过去被动动作的假设，也可能没有具体的时间性，表示一种客观情况。
Given mre time, we culd d it better.
=If (we were) given mre time, we culd d it better.
(对过去被动动作的假设)
4. 让步状语
过去分词(短语)做让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。有时可用在 althugh, thugh, even if, even thugh, whether…r等连词 (词组) 后。多位手句首，偶尔也出现在句尾。
Beaten by the ppsite team, they didn't lse heart and encuraged each ther.
=Thugh (they were) beaten by the ppsite team, they didn't lse heart and encuraged each ther.
5. 方式或伴随状语
做方式或伴随状语的过去分词 (短语)，相当于由and引导的并列结构。该状语可置于句首、句尾或句中。
The president entered the hall, accmpanied by a grup f leaders.
=The president entered the hall and he was accmpanied by a grup f leaders.
总结：
典例讲解
1. _________ （encurage）by his parents, the by still has n cnfidence in vercming the difficulties.
Encuraged
【解析】本题考查“过去分词做状语”结构。由句意可知，男孩是被父母鼓励，所以前半句完整结构是（the by was）encuraged
2. _________ (see) frm the hill, the city lks beautiful.
Seen
【解析】本题考查“过去分词做状语”结构。由句意可知，城市被从山顶上看，所以前半句完整结构是（the city was）seen frm the hill
3. Many thusands f ___________(terrify) peple died every time there was an utbreak.
terrified
【解析】本题考查“过去分词做定语”结构。Peple 和 terrify 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作前置定语
4. I haven’t gt the film _________ (develp) yet.
develped
【解析】本题考查“过去分词做宾补”结构。Film胶卷 和develp冲洗是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补
5. In the evening he is __________ (bury) in his bks.
buried
【解析】be buried in专心于。buried为过去分词做表语，表示状态。
6. Tsinghua University, __________ (fund) in 1911, is hme t a great number f utstanding figures.
funded
【解析】fund与Tsinghua University之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用其过去分词形式，表示被动意义。此处用 funded，相当于“which was funded”
7. The players __________ (select) frm the whle cuntry are expected t bring us hnr in this summer game.
selected
【解析】句意：期待这些选自全国的运动员在这次夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀。根据句意可知，这些运动员是被选出来的，故应用过去分词 selected做定语，修饰 players。
8. Even the best writers smetimes find themselves ________ (lse) fr wrds.
lst
【解析】句意：甚至最好的作家有时候也会表达不出来。此处lst是过去分词做 themselves的宾语补足语。
9. In April, thusands f hlidaymakers remained ________ (stick) abrad due t the vlcanic ash clud.
stuck
【解析】句意：在四月，成千上万的度假者由于火山灰的影响而被滞留在国外。此处 remain为系动词，后接过去分词做表语，表示被动。
10. After the heavy rain, many cars gt ________ (catch) in the mud.
caught
【解析】be caught in遭遇。 caught为过去分词做表语，表示状态。
同步练习
（答题时间：40分钟）
一、阅读理解
Children tld t g play utdrs in new nature campaign
The Wild Netwrk aims t get schlchildren ff their cmputers and utdrs t experience the wnders f the wilderness.
A campaign is being launched t encurage children t surrender 30 minutes f screen time a day t head fr the great utdrs.
The newly frmed Wild Netwrk – a cllabratin f nearly 400 rganizatins - is attempting t attract yungsters away frm televisin and cmputer screen and int fields, wds and parks.
Organizers say it is the UK’s biggest ever campaign t recnnect children with nature and utdr play, and claim it culd help imprve fitness, mental alertness and general wellbeing.
A dcumentary film, Prject Wild Thing, will be shwn at mre than 50 cinemas acrss the UK frm Friday. It lks at the increasingly fragile(脆弱的) link between children and nature.
Members f the netwrk include the Natinal Trust, RSPB, Play England and the NHS sustainable develpment unit.
Andy Simpsn, chairman f the Wild Netwrk, said: "The tragic truth is that kids have lst tuch with nature and the utdrs in just ne generatin.
"Time spent utdrs is dwn, raming ranges have fallen drastically, activity levels are declining and the ability t identify cmmn species has been lst."
Suggestins f hw t get mre time in nature including cllecting cnkers, camping r snail racing, and bserving autumn clr n trees.
Frm January, the netwrk will aim t make suggestins t pliticians n hw gvernment can d mre t get children muddy and bright-eyed.
This is nt the first time the message f less screen, mre play has been brught up. Children in the 1980s were entreated t d the same by the BBC TV series Why Dn’t Yu, which smewhat cnfusingly called n its viewers t "switch ff yur TV set, and g d smething less bring instead".
1. The Wild Netwrk was set up in rder t ________.
A. mnitr students’ behavir at schl
B. help students knw mre abut science
C. reduce students’ time spent in classrms
D. encurage students t play utdr games
2. What des the wrd “surrender” in paragraph tw mean?
A. Give in. B. Give back. C. Give up.D. Give ut.
3. Accrding t Andy Simpsn, nwadays kids _________.
A. have little cnnectin with nature B. live farther away frm the cuntry
C. knw the name f cmmn species D. prefer ging camping t staying at hme
*4. Which f the activities wuld NOT be encuraged by the Wild Netwrk?
A. Playing n the beach. B. Exercising in the gym.
C. Ging fishing. D. Bird-watching.
二、完形填空
I’m a Haitian girl. Mr. Jean Pierre, wh was als a Haitian, was my new teacher in New Yrk. On my first day f schl, he 1 me in pure Crele(克里奥尔语), which made me feel that at this new schl he wuld be able t 2 me.
On my first day in his class－full f ther Haitians students als learning 3 －I culdn’t even read the title f the textbk. But I 4 s quickly that by my third week, I understd mst questins and even 5 my hand.
Smetimes he wuld bring in picture bks, and have the tw f us wh were 6 t English read ut lud. When we didn’t get a wrd 7 , he wuld say it t us and have us repeat it 8 we remember it.
He als had us learn 10 t 20 9 each day. Fr each wrd we had t memrize its spelling and prnunciatin, and 10 a sentence with it. At first I hated this 11 because I wasn’t used t having t be creative in any way. But 12 , Mr. Jean Pierre helped me like creative writing. He was the first 13 ever t help me during lunch r after schl.
He was als the teacher wh taught us hw t 14 in life. He tk the time t tell us hw t 15 urselves in an ffice envirnment, hw t shake smene’s 16 at a jb interview, and hw t stay fcused 17 when everything might seem t be 18 us. He made me realize that yu can 19 smene by beautiful clthing fr a little while but a smart, educated 20 can make a much lnger-lasting impressin.
He made a big impressin n me. I’m always lking fr lessns I can take beynd the classrm.
1. A. reminded B. taught C. greeted D. interrupted
*2. A. invite B. understand C. praise D. panic
3. A. French B. Crele C. language D. English
4. A. learned B. came C. read D. spread
*5. A. picked up B. put up C. tk up D. lifted up
*6. A. yungest B. earliest C. fndest D. newest
7. A. right B. active C. alive D. abundant
*8. A. after B. if C. until D. when
9. A. wrds B. letters C. phrases D. sentences
10. A. repeated B. marked C. created D. searched
11. A. attitude B. talent C. habit D. methd
*12. A. generally B. gradually C. usually D. prbably
13. A. friend B. headmaster C. teacher D. relative
14. A. survive B. ffer C. exchange D. escape
15. A. shw B. behave C. frce D. hide
16. A. arm B. shulder C. ear D. hand
17. A. still B. and C. even D. yet
18. A. with B. against C. arund D. beside
*19. A. impress B. affect C. imagine D. mtivate
20. A. face B. mind C. bdy D. heart
三、读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Jack, a clerk at the lcal bank, was wandering alne n the street. It was a cld, silent winter night. His mind was n his wife Linda, wh had been in a car accident tw mnths ag and was nw lying in a hspital bed, waiting fr mre mney fr her peratin. Jack had sld everything he had, and he had tried his best t brrw mney frm all the peple and banks he culd. But the real wrld is cruel. A large amunt f mney was still needed. T Jack, it wuld mean a great deal f suffering t see his wife die withut any help. “I have nly ne ptin left,” Jack said t himself. Then he went the bank, his wrkplace, again. Fr several days, he bserved the bank and planned a theft.
The next day, he went t wrk as usual. Everything seemed nrmal: he jked with his wrkmates and helped his clients as he always did. But n ne nticed that he had brught a bigger suitcase t wrk, instead f the small ne he always carried. At 5:00 pm, the bank clsed, and the clerks and the guards had all gne hme. Hwever, at that mment, Jack was in the bathrm, He first cut the lines f the alarms and mnitrs with tls frm his new suitcase. He was all t familiar with the equipment since he had been wrking there fr 8 years and had been studying the security system fr the past 30 days. Using a special key and sme ther tls, he then easily pened the drs f the safes, The bank's security system wasn't very gd, which allwed Jack t take a lt f mney. Several minutes later, Jack left the bank with a heavy bag filled with mney.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 应使用5个以上短文中有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已成为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
After Jack had been gne frm the bank fr a while, the alarms began t ring.
Paragraph 2:
But the mst unlucky man was the manger f the bank, an ld man.
参考答案
一、阅读理解
1. D 解析：细节理解题。难度较小。根据文章第一段“The Wild Netwrk aims t get schlchildren ff their cmputers and utdrs t experience the wnders f the wilderness”可知the Wild Netwrk的创办目的是让孩子脱离电脑走向户外去体验野外生活的惊奇。故选D。
2. C 解析：词义猜测题。难度较大。根据第一段“ t get schlchildren ff their cmputers”以及第三段“ attempting t attract yungsters away frm televisin and cmputer screen”可知该组织的创建目的是鼓励孩子每天放弃或者减少30分钟看屏幕的时间而到户外去。故选C。
3. A 解析：细节理解题。难度中等。根据第七段“The tragic truth is that kids have lst tuch with nature and the utdrs in just ne generatin.”可知Andy Simpsn认为现在的孩子们缺少与自然的接触，而第八段“Time spent utdrs is dwn, raming ranges have fallen drastically, activity levels are declining and the ability t identify cmmn species has been lst.”正是孩子们与自然接触非常少的具体表现。故选A。
4. B 解析：细节理解题。难度中等。根据文章第一段“The Wild Netwrk aims t get schlchildren ff their cmputers and utdrs t experience the wnders f the wilderness”，并结合下文内容可知，the Wild Netwrk所鼓励的是走向户外亲近自然，A、C、D选项中所述活动均为户外的活动，而B选项为室内活动，不在其鼓励的范围之内。故选B。
二、完形填空
1. C 解析：reminded意为“提醒，使……想起”；taught意为“教，教育”；greeted意为“迎接，打招呼”；interrupted意为“打断（别人的话）”。根据空格前“On my first day f schl”及空格后“at this new schl”并结合选项可知，“他用纯正的克里奥尔语跟我打招呼”符合语境。故选C。
2. B 解析：invite意为“邀请”；understand意为“理解，明白”；praise意为“称赞，赞扬”；panic意为“（使）惊慌”。空格所在句子为一个非限制性定语从句，which指代“他用纯正的克里奥尔语跟我打招呼”这件事情，那么句意为“这使得我感觉到在这个新的学校他能够理解我”就比较符合语境。故选B。
3. D 解析：根据第三段第一句“Smetimes he wuld bring in picture bks, and have the tw f us wh were 26 t English read ut lud.”可知句意为：班里坐满了其他来学习英语的海地人。故选D。
4. A 解析：learned意为“学习”；came意为“来”；read意为“阅读”；spread意为“蔓延，传播”。根据空格前“I culdn’t even read the title f the textbk”及空格后“I understd mst questins”，可知由不会读到理解这一过程应该是我“学习”得快。故选A。
5. B 解析：picked up意为“捡起，（用车）接，接收（信号）”；put up意为“竖起，举起，张贴”；tk up意为“占（时间，空间等），拿起，开始从事”；lifted up意为“举高，抬高”。依据空格前“I understd mst questins”以及加强语气的even一词可知，作者理解了所有的问题甚至能够举手回答问题。put up ne’s hand意为“举手”，是固定搭配。故选B。
6. D 解析：yungest意为“最年轻的”；earliest意为“最早的”；fndest意为“最喜欢的”；newest意为“最新（听到、接触等）的”。根据空格后“When we didn’t get a wrd 27 , he wuld say it t us and have us repeat it 28 we remember it.”可知句意为：老师让我们两个最新接触英语的学生来朗读，如果有一个词不会读，他就会教给我们并且一直重复……。故选D。
7. A 解析：right意为“对的，正确的”；active意为“积极的”；alive意为“活泼的，有生气的”；abundant意为“充足的，丰富的”。根据空格后的“he wuld say it t us and have us repeat it”，可知句意为：当我们没有说对的时候，他会示范然后让我们重复。故选A。
8. C 解析：after意为“在……之后”；if意为“如果”；until意为“到……为止”；when意为“当……的时候”。分析空格所在句子可知，老师会先说然后让我们重复，一直到我们记住那个词为止。故选C。
9. A 解析：wrds意为“单词，话”；letters意为“字母，信”；phrases意为“词组”；sentences意为“句子”。由空格后的“Fr each wrd we had t memrize its spelling and prnunciatin”可知，老师让我们每天学习10到20个单词。故选A。
10. C 解析：repeated意为“重复，复述”；marked意为“做记号，标志着”；created意为“创造”；searched意为“搜寻，搜查”。分析空格所在句子可知，对于每个单词，我们都必须记得它的拼写和发音，并且要用它来造一个句子。根据语境可知 “创造”正确。故选C。
11. D 解析：attitude意为“态度”；talent意为“天赋，才能”；habit意为“习惯”；methd意为“方式，方法”。空格前this一词所指是前一句话所提到的“用单词造句子”的内容，这当然是一种教学方法。故选D。
12. B 解析：generally意为“通常地，一般地，普遍地”；gradually意为“逐渐地，渐渐地”；usually意为“通常”；prbably意为“可能”。根据空格前一句可知，作者还不具备创造性。But构成转折，下文内容表明“老师帮助我喜欢上了创造性写作”，可见应该是“逐渐地”帮助我。故选B。
13. C 解析：由文章可知Mr. Jean Pierre的身份是一名老师，本句句意为：他是第一位曾经在午饭期间或者放学后帮助我的老师。故选C。
14. A 解析：survive意为“幸存，存活，继续存在”；ffer意为“（主动）提供”；exchange意为“交换，互换”；escape意为“逃脱，泄漏”。空格所在句是本段的主题句。因此总结归纳下文几个具体问题，可知老师教给我们在生活中如何生存的本领。故选A。
15. B 解析：空格处与空格后的urselves构成动词短语，shw urselves意为“展示我们自己”；behave urselves意为“举止得体”；frce urselves意为“迫使我们自己”；hide urselves意为“隐藏我们自己”。空格后句子“hw t shake smene’s 36 at a jb interview”意为“如何在工作面试时与人握手”，所讲的是礼仪方面的问题，由此可以推断出35空所在句句意为：他花费时间告诉我们如何在办公室环境里举止得体。故选B。
解题过程中容易误选A。shw urselves在前半句中虽也讲得通，但与后半句尤其是36空所在部分放在一起就会显得不连贯。本题的解决方法是先做出36空答案，然后再来确定35空。由36空“握手”可知是礼仪的问题，故而选择behave表示“举止得体”就更加符合语境。本题给我们的提示是，解答完形填空题时未必要依照题目的顺序进行，有时候需要结合下文信息来解题。
16. D 解析：shake ne’s hand= shake hands with sb.意为“握手”。故选D。本题是上一小题确定答案的依据。
17. C 解析：still意为“仍然”，表示某种状况得以继续；even意为“甚至”，加强语气；yet意为“还，然而”，表示语义转折。根据语境可知，“他告诉我们如何保持专注，甚至是在情况比较糟糕的时候”，其他选项放进空格会导致语义冲突。故选C。
18. B with意为“随着，有，用，和……一起”；against意为“反对，对……不利”；arund意为“在……周围”；beside意为“在……旁边”。结合第37空部分内容进行分析得知，“要如何保持专注，甚至是当一切似乎都对我们不利的时候”。故选B。
19. A 解析：impress意为“给……留下印象，打动”；affect意为“影响”；imagine意为“想象”；mtivate意为“使……有动机，激发……的积极性”。根据“yu can 39 smene by beautiful clthing fr a little while”以及“a smart, educated 40 can make a much lnger-lasting impressin”可知是在对暂时的印象和更持久印象作比较，故而39空部分句意为：你可以通过漂亮的衣服暂时地给人留下印象。故选A。
20. B 解析：face意为“脸，面部”；mind意为“头脑，思想，思维”；bdy意为“身体，身躯”；heart意为“心”。本句句意为：一个聪明的、受过良好教育的头脑才能给人留下更持久的印象。故选B。
三、读后续写
本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了Jack作为银行工作人员，利用职务之便，为了筹钱给妻子动手术，成功地偷走了银行的钱。
根据第一段提示，此段应描写银行和社会对此事的反应；
根据第二段首句提示，银行经理成为了最不幸的人。尽管Jack为妻子治好了病，但心理上也发生了很大的变化。
prmise t d sth. 承诺做某事；
be busy ding sth. 忙于做某事；
as sn as pssible 越快越好；
as time went by 随着时间的流逝。
【解答】
范文：
After Jack had been gne frm the bank fr a while, the alarms began t ring. The plice arrived at the bank very quickly, nly t find n ne there. The next day was a really special day fr the twn, which was filled with newspaper and TV reprters cvering the strange theft. The clerks at the bank were busy discussing the case, f curse, including Jack. The plice culd nly prmise t catch the thieves as sn as pssible, even thugh n clues had been fund yet.
But the mst unlucky man was the manager f the bank, an ld man. He seemed t be the nly persn t blame and was remved frm his psitin. At last, with enugh mney fr her peratin, Jack's wife was saved. Hwever, Jack felt guilty abut the manager f the bank. He culd nt frget what he had dne t the ld man. His guilt deepened as time went by. Finally, he turned himself in t the plice and accepted his punishment.
知识导航
1. 掌握并熟练运用本单元核心词汇和短语；
2. 掌握过去分词作表语和作状语的用法；
3. 了解虚拟合唱的由来和发展，以及对人们生活的影响；
知识精讲
Reading and Thinking
Q: What ther new ideas r new technlgy d yu knw that have given us a ttally different experience nwadays?
Tina: We have VR (visual reality) nwadays. It gives us mre chances t experience smething different. VR can nt nly braden the fields f ur visin, but als make us relaxed when we are under much pressure.
Frank: Online teaching is cnsidered as an advanced technlgy which has been changing ur lives gradually. With its help, we can learn mre knwledge thrugh nline platfrm. It can bring us mre cnvenience.
Cc: Kuaishu is a gd sftware which gives rdinary peple mre chances t shw their talents. It is ppular with peple f all ages and it can bring ut the best in themselves. We can nt nly shw urselves but als learning lts f things frm it.
课文原句
Brn in the USA n 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the university f Nevada in 1988.
Mved by this music, he said, "It was like seeing clr fr the first time."
Inspired, he asked his fans t make vides, which he then jined tgether int ne perfrmance.
核心考点
过去分词作表语和作状语
过去分词作表语
1. 过去分词可放在系动词be，get，feel， remain，seem，lk， becme等之后做表语，表示主语所处的状态。
He seemed quite delighted at the news.
2. 过去分词做表语多表示人自身的感觉、感受或事物自身的状态；现在分词做表语则多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。
He became discuraged.
The situatin prves encuraging.
3. 过去分词做表语时与被动语态的区别：“be+过去分词”表示状态时，是系表结构，此时过去分词通常已形容词化；表示动作时，是被动语态，且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词by引出。
The bk is well written. (系表结构，强调主语所处的状态。)
The bk was written by a sldier. (被动语态，强调主语所承受的动作。)
过去分词作状语
过去分词(短语)做状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明动作发生的背景或情况，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以与状语从句转换，表示时间、让步、结果、方式等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间为动宾关系。
1. 时间状语
过去分词(短语)做时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，可以在其前加上when， while，until等，使其时间意义更明确；该状语可置于句首、句尾或主语与谓语之间。从时间意义上看，该动作常表示先于谓语动作发生，也可与谓语同时发生。
Tld that his mther was seriusly ill, Li Ping hurried hme quickly. (先于谓语动作发生)
Seen frm the tp f the hill, the city lks mre beautiful
=When (it is) seen frm the tp f the hill, the city lks mre beautiful. (与谓语同时发生)
2. 原因状语
过去分词 (短语) 做原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句，多位于句首，偶尔也出现在句尾或句中。
Mved by the heric deeds, the children culdn't help crying.
3. 条件状语
过去分词 (短语) 做条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句，可以在其前加上if， unless，nce等，多位于句首，该状语可能是对过去被动动作的假设，也可能没有具体的时间性，表示一种客观情况。
Given mre time, we culd d it better.
=If (we were) given mre time, we culd d it better.
(对过去被动动作的假设)
4. 让步状语
过去分词(短语)做让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。有时可用在 althugh, thugh, even if, even thugh, whether…r等连词 (词组) 后。多位手句首，偶尔也出现在句尾。
Beaten by the ppsite team, they didn't lse heart and encuraged each ther.
=Thugh (they were) beaten by the ppsite team, they didn't lse heart and encuraged each ther.
5. 方式或伴随状语
做方式或伴随状语的过去分词 (短语)，相当于由and引导的并列结构。该状语可置于句首、句尾或句中。
The president entered the hall, accmpanied by a grup f leaders.
=The president entered the hall and he was accmpanied by a grup f leaders.
总结：
典例讲解
1. _________ （encurage）by his parents, the by still has n cnfidence in vercming the difficulties.
Encuraged
【解析】本题考查“过去分词做状语”结构。由句意可知，男孩是被父母鼓励，所以前半句完整结构是（the by was）encuraged
2. _________ (see) frm the hill, the city lks beautiful.
Seen
【解析】本题考查“过去分词做状语”结构。由句意可知，城市被从山顶上看，所以前半句完整结构是（the city was）seen frm the hill
3. Many thusands f ___________(terrify) peple died every time there was an utbreak.
terrified
【解析】本题考查“过去分词做定语”结构。Peple 和 terrify 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作前置定语
4. I haven’t gt the film _________ (develp) yet.
develped
【解析】本题考查“过去分词做宾补”结构。Film胶卷 和develp冲洗是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补
5. In the evening he is __________ (bury) in his bks.
buried
【解析】be buried in专心于。buried为过去分词做表语，表示状态。
6. Tsinghua University, __________ (fund) in 1911, is hme t a great number f utstanding figures.
funded
【解析】fund与Tsinghua University之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用其过去分词形式，表示被动意义。此处用 funded，相当于“which was funded”
7. The players __________ (select) frm the whle cuntry are expected t bring us hnr in this summer game.
selected
【解析】句意：期待这些选自全国的运动员在这次夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀。根据句意可知，这些运动员是被选出来的，故应用过去分词 selected做定语，修饰 players。
8. Even the best writers smetimes find themselves ________ (lse) fr wrds.
lst
【解析】句意：甚至最好的作家有时候也会表达不出来。此处lst是过去分词做 themselves的宾语补足语。
9. In April, thusands f hlidaymakers remained ________ (stick) abrad due t the vlcanic ash clud.
stuck
【解析】句意：在四月，成千上万的度假者由于火山灰的影响而被滞留在国外。此处 remain为系动词，后接过去分词做表语，表示被动。
10. After the heavy rain, many cars gt ________ (catch) in the mud.
caught
【解析】be caught in遭遇。 caught为过去分词做表语，表示状态。
同步练习
（答题时间：40分钟）
一、阅读理解
Children tld t g play utdrs in new nature campaign
The Wild Netwrk aims t get schlchildren ff their cmputers and utdrs t experience the wnders f the wilderness.
A campaign is being launched t encurage children t surrender 30 minutes f screen time a day t head fr the great utdrs.
The newly frmed Wild Netwrk – a cllabratin f nearly 400 rganizatins - is attempting t attract yungsters away frm televisin and cmputer screen and int fields, wds and parks.
Organizers say it is the UK’s biggest ever campaign t recnnect children with nature and utdr play, and claim it culd help imprve fitness, mental alertness and general wellbeing.
A dcumentary film, Prject Wild Thing, will be shwn at mre than 50 cinemas acrss the UK frm Friday. It lks at the increasingly fragile(脆弱的) link between children and nature.
Members f the netwrk include the Natinal Trust, RSPB, Play England and the NHS sustainable develpment unit.
Andy Simpsn, chairman f the Wild Netwrk, said: "The tragic truth is that kids have lst tuch with nature and the utdrs in just ne generatin.
"Time spent utdrs is dwn, raming ranges have fallen drastically, activity levels are declining and the ability t identify cmmn species has been lst."
Suggestins f hw t get mre time in nature including cllecting cnkers, camping r snail racing, and bserving autumn clr n trees.
Frm January, the netwrk will aim t make suggestins t pliticians n hw gvernment can d mre t get children muddy and bright-eyed.
This is nt the first time the message f less screen, mre play has been brught up. Children in the 1980s were entreated t d the same by the BBC TV series Why Dn’t Yu, which smewhat cnfusingly called n its viewers t "switch ff yur TV set, and g d smething less bring instead".
1. The Wild Netwrk was set up in rder t ________.
A. mnitr students’ behavir at schl
B. help students knw mre abut science
C. reduce students’ time spent in classrms
D. encurage students t play utdr games
2. What des the wrd “surrender” in paragraph tw mean?
A. Give in. B. Give back. C. Give up.D. Give ut.
3. Accrding t Andy Simpsn, nwadays kids _________.
A. have little cnnectin with nature B. live farther away frm the cuntry
C. knw the name f cmmn species D. prefer ging camping t staying at hme
*4. Which f the activities wuld NOT be encuraged by the Wild Netwrk?
A. Playing n the beach. B. Exercising in the gym.
C. Ging fishing. D. Bird-watching.
二、完形填空
I’m a Haitian girl. Mr. Jean Pierre, wh was als a Haitian, was my new teacher in New Yrk. On my first day f schl, he 1 me in pure Crele(克里奥尔语), which made me feel that at this new schl he wuld be able t 2 me.
On my first day in his class－full f ther Haitians students als learning 3 －I culdn’t even read the title f the textbk. But I 4 s quickly that by my third week, I understd mst questins and even 5 my hand.
Smetimes he wuld bring in picture bks, and have the tw f us wh were 6 t English read ut lud. When we didn’t get a wrd 7 , he wuld say it t us and have us repeat it 8 we remember it.
He als had us learn 10 t 20 9 each day. Fr each wrd we had t memrize its spelling and prnunciatin, and 10 a sentence with it. At first I hated this 11 because I wasn’t used t having t be creative in any way. But 12 , Mr. Jean Pierre helped me like creative writing. He was the first 13 ever t help me during lunch r after schl.
He was als the teacher wh taught us hw t 14 in life. He tk the time t tell us hw t 15 urselves in an ffice envirnment, hw t shake smene’s 16 at a jb interview, and hw t stay fcused 17 when everything might seem t be 18 us. He made me realize that yu can 19 smene by beautiful clthing fr a little while but a smart, educated 20 can make a much lnger-lasting impressin.
He made a big impressin n me. I’m always lking fr lessns I can take beynd the classrm.
1. A. reminded B. taught C. greeted D. interrupted
*2. A. invite B. understand C. praise D. panic
3. A. French B. Crele C. language D. English
4. A. learned B. came C. read D. spread
*5. A. picked up B. put up C. tk up D. lifted up
*6. A. yungest B. earliest C. fndest D. newest
7. A. right B. active C. alive D. abundant
*8. A. after B. if C. until D. when
9. A. wrds B. letters C. phrases D. sentences
10. A. repeated B. marked C. created D. searched
11. A. attitude B. talent C. habit D. methd
*12. A. generally B. gradually C. usually D. prbably
13. A. friend B. headmaster C. teacher D. relative
14. A. survive B. ffer C. exchange D. escape
15. A. shw B. behave C. frce D. hide
16. A. arm B. shulder C. ear D. hand
17. A. still B. and C. even D. yet
18. A. with B. against C. arund D. beside
*19. A. impress B. affect C. imagine D. mtivate
20. A. face B. mind C. bdy D. heart
三、读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Jack, a clerk at the lcal bank, was wandering alne n the street. It was a cld, silent winter night. His mind was n his wife Linda, wh had been in a car accident tw mnths ag and was nw lying in a hspital bed, waiting fr mre mney fr her peratin. Jack had sld everything he had, and he had tried his best t brrw mney frm all the peple and banks he culd. But the real wrld is cruel. A large amunt f mney was still needed. T Jack, it wuld mean a great deal f suffering t see his wife die withut any help. “I have nly ne ptin left,” Jack said t himself. Then he went the bank, his wrkplace, again. Fr several days, he bserved the bank and planned a theft.
The next day, he went t wrk as usual. Everything seemed nrmal: he jked with his wrkmates and helped his clients as he always did. But n ne nticed that he had brught a bigger suitcase t wrk, instead f the small ne he always carried. At 5:00 pm, the bank clsed, and the clerks and the guards had all gne hme. Hwever, at that mment, Jack was in the bathrm, He first cut the lines f the alarms and mnitrs with tls frm his new suitcase. He was all t familiar with the equipment since he had been wrking there fr 8 years and had been studying the security system fr the past 30 days. Using a special key and sme ther tls, he then easily pened the drs f the safes, The bank's security system wasn't very gd, which allwed Jack t take a lt f mney. Several minutes later, Jack left the bank with a heavy bag filled with mney.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 应使用5个以上短文中有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已成为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
After Jack had been gne frm the bank fr a while, the alarms began t ring.
Paragraph 2:
But the mst unlucky man was the manger f the bank, an ld man.
参考答案
一、阅读理解
1. D 解析：细节理解题。难度较小。根据文章第一段“The Wild Netwrk aims t get schlchildren ff their cmputers and utdrs t experience the wnders f the wilderness”可知the Wild Netwrk的创办目的是让孩子脱离电脑走向户外去体验野外生活的惊奇。故选D。
2. C 解析：词义猜测题。难度较大。根据第一段“ t get schlchildren ff their cmputers”以及第三段“ attempting t attract yungsters away frm televisin and cmputer screen”可知该组织的创建目的是鼓励孩子每天放弃或者减少30分钟看屏幕的时间而到户外去。故选C。
3. A 解析：细节理解题。难度中等。根据第七段“The tragic truth is that kids have lst tuch with nature and the utdrs in just ne generatin.”可知Andy Simpsn认为现在的孩子们缺少与自然的接触，而第八段“Time spent utdrs is dwn, raming ranges have fallen drastically, activity levels are declining and the ability t identify cmmn species has been lst.”正是孩子们与自然接触非常少的具体表现。故选A。
4. B 解析：细节理解题。难度中等。根据文章第一段“The Wild Netwrk aims t get schlchildren ff their cmputers and utdrs t experience the wnders f the wilderness”，并结合下文内容可知，the Wild Netwrk所鼓励的是走向户外亲近自然，A、C、D选项中所述活动均为户外的活动，而B选项为室内活动，不在其鼓励的范围之内。故选B。
二、完形填空
1. C 解析：reminded意为“提醒，使……想起”；taught意为“教，教育”；greeted意为“迎接，打招呼”；interrupted意为“打断（别人的话）”。根据空格前“On my first day f schl”及空格后“at this new schl”并结合选项可知，“他用纯正的克里奥尔语跟我打招呼”符合语境。故选C。
2. B 解析：invite意为“邀请”；understand意为“理解，明白”；praise意为“称赞，赞扬”；panic意为“（使）惊慌”。空格所在句子为一个非限制性定语从句，which指代“他用纯正的克里奥尔语跟我打招呼”这件事情，那么句意为“这使得我感觉到在这个新的学校他能够理解我”就比较符合语境。故选B。
3. D 解析：根据第三段第一句“Smetimes he wuld bring in picture bks, and have the tw f us wh were 26 t English read ut lud.”可知句意为：班里坐满了其他来学习英语的海地人。故选D。
4. A 解析：learned意为“学习”；came意为“来”；read意为“阅读”；spread意为“蔓延，传播”。根据空格前“I culdn’t even read the title f the textbk”及空格后“I understd mst questins”，可知由不会读到理解这一过程应该是我“学习”得快。故选A。
5. B 解析：picked up意为“捡起，（用车）接，接收（信号）”；put up意为“竖起，举起，张贴”；tk up意为“占（时间，空间等），拿起，开始从事”；lifted up意为“举高，抬高”。依据空格前“I understd mst questins”以及加强语气的even一词可知，作者理解了所有的问题甚至能够举手回答问题。put up ne’s hand意为“举手”，是固定搭配。故选B。
6. D 解析：yungest意为“最年轻的”；earliest意为“最早的”；fndest意为“最喜欢的”；newest意为“最新（听到、接触等）的”。根据空格后“When we didn’t get a wrd 27 , he wuld say it t us and have us repeat it 28 we remember it.”可知句意为：老师让我们两个最新接触英语的学生来朗读，如果有一个词不会读，他就会教给我们并且一直重复……。故选D。
7. A 解析：right意为“对的，正确的”；active意为“积极的”；alive意为“活泼的，有生气的”；abundant意为“充足的，丰富的”。根据空格后的“he wuld say it t us and have us repeat it”，可知句意为：当我们没有说对的时候，他会示范然后让我们重复。故选A。
8. C 解析：after意为“在……之后”；if意为“如果”；until意为“到……为止”；when意为“当……的时候”。分析空格所在句子可知，老师会先说然后让我们重复，一直到我们记住那个词为止。故选C。
9. A 解析：wrds意为“单词，话”；letters意为“字母，信”；phrases意为“词组”；sentences意为“句子”。由空格后的“Fr each wrd we had t memrize its spelling and prnunciatin”可知，老师让我们每天学习10到20个单词。故选A。
10. C 解析：repeated意为“重复，复述”；marked意为“做记号，标志着”；created意为“创造”；searched意为“搜寻，搜查”。分析空格所在句子可知，对于每个单词，我们都必须记得它的拼写和发音，并且要用它来造一个句子。根据语境可知 “创造”正确。故选C。
11. D 解析：attitude意为“态度”；talent意为“天赋，才能”；habit意为“习惯”；methd意为“方式，方法”。空格前this一词所指是前一句话所提到的“用单词造句子”的内容，这当然是一种教学方法。故选D。
12. B 解析：generally意为“通常地，一般地，普遍地”；gradually意为“逐渐地，渐渐地”；usually意为“通常”；prbably意为“可能”。根据空格前一句可知，作者还不具备创造性。But构成转折，下文内容表明“老师帮助我喜欢上了创造性写作”，可见应该是“逐渐地”帮助我。故选B。
13. C 解析：由文章可知Mr. Jean Pierre的身份是一名老师，本句句意为：他是第一位曾经在午饭期间或者放学后帮助我的老师。故选C。
14. A 解析：survive意为“幸存，存活，继续存在”；ffer意为“（主动）提供”；exchange意为“交换，互换”；escape意为“逃脱，泄漏”。空格所在句是本段的主题句。因此总结归纳下文几个具体问题，可知老师教给我们在生活中如何生存的本领。故选A。
15. B 解析：空格处与空格后的urselves构成动词短语，shw urselves意为“展示我们自己”；behave urselves意为“举止得体”；frce urselves意为“迫使我们自己”；hide urselves意为“隐藏我们自己”。空格后句子“hw t shake smene’s 36 at a jb interview”意为“如何在工作面试时与人握手”，所讲的是礼仪方面的问题，由此可以推断出35空所在句句意为：他花费时间告诉我们如何在办公室环境里举止得体。故选B。
解题过程中容易误选A。shw urselves在前半句中虽也讲得通，但与后半句尤其是36空所在部分放在一起就会显得不连贯。本题的解决方法是先做出36空答案，然后再来确定35空。由36空“握手”可知是礼仪的问题，故而选择behave表示“举止得体”就更加符合语境。本题给我们的提示是，解答完形填空题时未必要依照题目的顺序进行，有时候需要结合下文信息来解题。
16. D 解析：shake ne’s hand= shake hands with sb.意为“握手”。故选D。本题是上一小题确定答案的依据。
17. C 解析：still意为“仍然”，表示某种状况得以继续；even意为“甚至”，加强语气；yet意为“还，然而”，表示语义转折。根据语境可知，“他告诉我们如何保持专注，甚至是在情况比较糟糕的时候”，其他选项放进空格会导致语义冲突。故选C。
18. B with意为“随着，有，用，和……一起”；against意为“反对，对……不利”；arund意为“在……周围”；beside意为“在……旁边”。结合第37空部分内容进行分析得知，“要如何保持专注，甚至是当一切似乎都对我们不利的时候”。故选B。
19. A 解析：impress意为“给……留下印象，打动”；affect意为“影响”；imagine意为“想象”；mtivate意为“使……有动机，激发……的积极性”。根据“yu can 39 smene by beautiful clthing fr a little while”以及“a smart, educated 40 can make a much lnger-lasting impressin”可知是在对暂时的印象和更持久印象作比较，故而39空部分句意为：你可以通过漂亮的衣服暂时地给人留下印象。故选A。
20. B 解析：face意为“脸，面部”；mind意为“头脑，思想，思维”；bdy意为“身体，身躯”；heart意为“心”。本句句意为：一个聪明的、受过良好教育的头脑才能给人留下更持久的印象。故选B。
三、读后续写
本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了Jack作为银行工作人员，利用职务之便，为了筹钱给妻子动手术，成功地偷走了银行的钱。
根据第一段提示，此段应描写银行和社会对此事的反应；
根据第二段首句提示，银行经理成为了最不幸的人。尽管Jack为妻子治好了病，但心理上也发生了很大的变化。
prmise t d sth. 承诺做某事；
be busy ding sth. 忙于做某事；
as sn as pssible 越快越好；
as time went by 随着时间的流逝。
【解答】
范文：
After Jack had been gne frm the bank fr a while, the alarms began t ring. The plice arrived at the bank very quickly, nly t find n ne there. The next day was a really special day fr the twn, which was filled with newspaper and TV reprters cvering the strange theft. The clerks at the bank were busy discussing the case, f curse, including Jack. The plice culd nly prmise t catch the thieves as sn as pssible, even thugh n clues had been fund yet.
But the mst unlucky man was the manager f the bank, an ld man. He seemed t be the nly persn t blame and was remved frm his psitin. At last, with enugh mney fr her peratin, Jack's wife was saved. Hwever, Jack felt guilty abut the manager f the bank. He culd nt frget what he had dne t the ld man. His guilt deepened as time went by. Finally, he turned himself in t the plice and accepted his punishment.
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