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高考英语一轮复习选修部分选修6Unit17Laughter学案北师大版
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这是一份高考英语一轮复习选修部分选修6Unit17Laughter学案北师大版，共27页。学案主要包含了词块必记，语境速测，写作金句，典型例句，误区释疑，熟词生义，知识拓展，句型公式等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ. 细品味经典文章
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want it... t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. Where d yu start? Here’s a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
·Stp cmparing yurself with thers. D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
·Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. We are ften ashamed f ur shrtcmings, ur mistakes and ur failures. Remember, yu are nly human. Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd have dne better, why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate (有同情心) respnse? “That didn’t g as planned. But, I tried my best. ”
·Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
·Nw that yu’ve listed yur strengths, list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn’t feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself. Feeling upset again? Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
Ⅱ. 按要求完成任务
1. 写出文章中与人生态度有关的单词或短语。
Self-Acceptance, accept, lve, fllw, empwer, frgive, mistake, failure, cmpassinate, strength, weakness, accmplishment, achievement, imperfectin, upset
2. 你如何看待人生态度?
What kind f life a persn has ften depends n his attitude twards life, just as the prverb says: “Attitude is everything”, therefre, we shuld have a crrect and psitive attitude twards life.
Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. amuse vt. 逗乐; 使(某人)笑
教材原句
Smene might be amused when they understand a jke. (P19)
当听懂一个笑话时, 人们可能会很开心。
【词块必记】
(1)amuse sb. /neself by/with sth.
通过……来取乐某人/自己
(2)amusement n. 消遣, 娱乐
t ne’s (great) amusement令人感到(极)好笑的是
fr amusement取乐, 消遣
(3)amused adj. 感到快乐的
be amused at/by对……感到好笑
be amused t d sth. 做某事而感到好笑
amusing adj. 有趣的, 逗乐的
【构词法】
amuse+-ment(名词后缀)=amusement n. 消遣, 娱乐
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I wuld never chse t watch ftball as an amusement (amuse).
②It’s amusing (amuse) t make a lng speech in frnt f such little children.
③T my amusement, my daughter is clever and lvely.
④It keeps me amused (amuse) t live with her.
完成句子
⑤T ur amusement, his father watches cartns fr amusement.
让我们感到好笑的是, 他爸爸竟然看动画片消遣。
⑥It was t rainy t play utside, s she amused herself by/with a bk.
雨太大了, 不适合在外面玩, 所以她看书消遣。
【写作金句】
Little things amuse little minds. 小人无大志。
2. acknwledge vt. 认可, 承认; (对某人所做的事)表示感谢; 告知收到
【典型例句】
These effects have been acknwledged by scientists.
这些作用已经被科学家承认。
【词块必记】
(1)acknwledge sb. /sth. t be/as...
认为某人/物是……
acknwledge ding sth. 承认做某事
It is universally/widely acknwledged that ...
……是大家公认的
(2)acknwledgement n. 承认; 感谢
【误区释疑】
acknwledge后常跟动名词作宾语, 其同义词有: admit, appreciate等。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①With n slid evidence, he refused t acknwledge stealing (steal) the lady’s purse.
②He was given a gld watch in acknwledgement (acknwledge) f his wrk fr the business.
一句多译
③他被公认为中国最佳的游泳选手之一。
He is widely acknwledged as/t be ne f the best swimmers in China.
=It is widely acknwledged that he is ne f the best swimmers in China.
【熟词生义】
I was standing right next t her, but she didn’t even acknwledge me. ((微笑、挥手等)致意)
我正好站在她旁边, 但是她没和我打招呼。
3. resist vt. 抵抗, 抵制
教材原句
Putting a red nse n while yu are stuck in a traffic jam can be a gd way f resisting the tensin caused by the jam. (P22)当你遇到交通阻塞时, 戴上一个红鼻子是抵抗交通阻塞带来的紧张的一个好办法。
【词块必记】
(1)resist ding sth. 反对做某事
can’t resist ding sth. =can’t help ding sth.
忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的; 有抵抗力的
be resistant t sth. 对某物有抵抗力
(3)resistance n. 抗拒; 反对
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The club is resistant (resist) t any frm f change.
②There has been a lt f resistance (resist) t this new law.
句式转换
She culdn’t help making jkes abut his bald head.
③She culdn’t resist making jkes abut his bald head. (resist)
④She culdn’t be resistant t making jkes abut his bald head. (resistant)
【写作金句】
Teenagers may find it difficult t resist peer pressure.
青少年可能觉得很难抵抗同龄人的压力。
【误区释疑】
resist表示“忍住”时常与表示否定意义的can’t/can hardly/be nt able t等连用; resist 后接动词-ing形式, 不接不定式。
4. frbid (frbade, frbidden) vt. 禁止, 不准
【典型例句】
In rder t prtect the envirnment, the gvernment frbids the citizens t use plastic bags.
为了保护环境, 政府禁止市民使用塑料袋。
【词块必记】
frbid sb. sth. /frbid ne’s ding sth.
禁止某人(做)某事
frbid ding sth. 禁止做某事
frbid sb. t d sth. =frbid sb. frm ding sth.
禁止某人做某事
frbid that...(shuld) d...禁止……
【知识拓展】
类似frbid sb. frm ding sth. 的表达:
prtect sb. frm sth. 保护某人使其不受伤害等
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①It is high time that we frbade setting (set) ff firewrks in urban areas.
②I think the middle schl students shuld be frbidden t use (use) smart phnes at schl.
③It is nt allwed t apprach the frbidden (frbid) area.
④My father frbade me frm meeting (meet) my friends nline at the Internet cafe!
一句多译
⑤妈妈不准男孩在街上踢足球。
The mther frbade the by t play ftball in the street.
=The mther frbade the by frm playing ftball in the street.
=The mther frbade the by’s playing ftball in the street.
5. cnvince vt. 使相信; 说服
教材原句
was nt cnvinced himself, until he met a grup f talented peple at university...(P25)
……罗恩自己并不相信, 直到在大学遇到一群天才人物……
【词块必记】
(1)cnvince sb. t d sth. 说服某人做某事
cnvince sb. f sth. 使某人相信某事
cnvince sb. that ...使某人相信……
(2)cnvinced adj. 确信, 深信不移的
be cnvinced f/that ...坚信/确信……
cnvincing adj. 信服的; 有说服力的
【知识拓展】
“v. +sb. +f +sth. ”结构中的动词有: cnvince, warn, remind, persuade, infrm, accuse等。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①We cnvinced him t g(g) by train rather than by plane.
②There is nw cnvincing (cnvince) evidence that smking causes lung cancer.
③Yu need t cnvince yur interviewer f yur ability t master the wrk.
④Cnvinced (cnvince) f the truth f the reprt, he tld his clleagues abut it.
句型转换
⑤I managed t cnvince them that the stry was true. (改为简单句)
→I managed t cnvince them f the truth f the stry.
【写作金句】
I am cnvinced that I will be the right persn fr the psitin. 我确信我会是这个职位的合适人选。
Ⅱ. 核心短语
6. regardless f 不管, 不顾
教材原句
He cnstantly gets int awkward and absurd situatins, which greatly amuses audiences regardless f their natinality r culture. (P24)
他不断陷入尴尬而又荒唐的情境中, 给任何国籍或文化背景的观众都带来了极大的乐趣。
【词块必记】
in spite f/despite 尽管(表示让步)
with regard t关于; 至于
【误区释疑】
regardless f后可接whether, what引导的从句, 而in spite f和despite后一般不接从句, 但可以跟the fact that ...。
【语境速测】 完成句子
①Regardless f whether he is right r wrng, we have t fllw his decisins.
不论他是对还是错, 我们必须听从他的决定。
②In spite f/Despite his age, he still leads an active life.
尽管年事已高, 他依旧过着一种积极的生活。
③With regard t my favrite Chinese pet, I’d like t intrduce Du Fu t yu.
至于我最喜欢的中国诗人, 我想向你介绍杜甫。
【写作金句】
Regardless f the risk f getting infected, Uncle Li is respnsible and devted t his jb.
李叔叔不顾感染的危险, 对工作负责, 尽心尽力。
7. result in 造成, 导致, 结果是
教材原句
Smeday, everyne will have a red nse n and a traffic jam will result in the instant appearance f 10, 000 clwns! (P22)
将来有一天, 每个人都会戴上一个红鼻子, 一有交通堵塞马上就会出现10 000个小丑!
【词块必记】
【误区释疑】
result in“导致/造成……的结果”相当于lead t/cause/bring abut, 后面跟表示结果的名词或动名词; result frm“(由于……而)发生, 产生”相当于lie in, 后跟表示原因的名词或动名词。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①His laziness resulted in his failure; that’s t say, his failure resulted frm his laziness.
②As a result f yur carelessness, the plan shuld be put ff at least ne mnth.
③He studied hard last term, and as a result, he passed the examinatin.
④I’ve been trying t pen the bx, but withut result s far.
一句多译
⑤普遍认为他是因为过度劳累而得了疾病。
It’s generally believed that his illness resulted frm the verfull tiredness.
=It’s generally believed that the verfull tiredness resulted in his illness.
=It’s generally believed that he suffered frm illness as a result f the verfull tiredness.
Ⅲ. 经典句式
8. I lked dwn as much as I culd and saw a human creature just six inches high, with a bw and arrw in his hands. 我尽可能地低头看, 看见一个手拿着弓箭的、仅六英寸高的人体动物。
【典型例句】
①The yung man is used t sleeping with lights n.
这个年轻人习惯了开着灯睡觉。
②With the by leading the way, we fund her huse easily.
由这个男孩带路, 我们很容易就找到了她的家。
【句型公式】
with复合结构的具体形式:
该结构在句中常用作状语, 表示时间、条件、伴随、方式、原因等。
【语境速测】 句式升级
①Because ur lessns were ver, we went t play ftball.
→ With ur lessns ver, we went t play ftball.
②The children came running twards us and held sme flwers in their hands.
→The children came running twards us with sme flwers in their hands.
③My mther is ill, s I wn’t be able t g n hliday.
→ With my mther being ill, I wn’t be able t g n hliday.
④An exam will be held tmrrw, s I culdn’t g t the cinema tnight.
→ With an exam t be held tmrrw, I culdn’t g t the cinema tnight.
【备选要点】
1. harmny n. 协调, 和谐, 融洽
教材原句
Family harmny(P20) 家庭和谐
【词块必记】
(1)in (ut f) harmny with... 与……协调一致(不协调)
live in harmny和睦相处, 和谐共处
(2)harmnius adj. 协调的; 和睦的, 友好的
(3)peace and harmny和平共处
(4)wrk in harmny融洽地工作
【熟词生义】
It is very necessary t study fur-part harmny befre being a singer. (和声)
成为一名歌唱家之前学习四部和声是很有必要的。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The sky and the sea here made a harmnius(harmny) picture.
②I believe it is pssible fr different ethnic grups t live tgether in harmny.
完成句子
③The vilin was ut f harmny with the rest f the instruments.
小提琴拉得与其他乐器不协调。
【写作金句】
In additin, every student can be in harmny with freign friends, which makes it easy fr yu t get alng with them.
此外, 每位学生都能与外国朋友和谐相处, 这会使你很容易与他们打交道。
2. delay n. & v. 延误, 延期
教材原句
Heavy snw last winter caused lng delays at Heathrw airprt. (P20)
去年冬天的大雪导致了希思罗机场航班的长时间延误。
【词块必记】
delay ding sth. =put ff ding sth. 推迟/延迟做某事
withut delay毫不耽搁; 立刻
【思维拓展】
delay可作动词, 其后跟名词或动名词, 同义词有: pstpne, hld ver等。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I have t delay answering (answer) his questin, waiting fr the right mment.
完成句子
②The injured were taken t the nearest hspital withut delay.
伤者被立刻送往最近的医院。
③Curageus peple think quickly and act withut delay.
勇敢的人思维敏捷, 行动果断。
3. cautin n. 谨慎, 小心; 警告 vt. 警告, 告诫; 提醒
教材原句
But I still have t remember t use cautin smetimes. (P22)但是有时我仍需记住要小心翼翼。
【词块必记】
(1)with cautin 小心地, 谨慎地
(2)cautin sb. nt t d sth. /against ding sth.
警告某人不要做某事
cautin sb. abut ...警告某人……
(3)cautius adj. 小心的, 谨慎的
be cautius abut/f/with ...对……很小心
【思维拓展】
“介词+名词/形容词”含有名词/形容词对应的副词的含义, 如: with cautin=cautiusly, in shrt=shrtly等。
【熟词生义】
Sme cautins must be mentined—fr example gd tls are essential t d the jb well. (警示语)
必须要提到一些警示语——如: 工欲善其事, 必先利其器。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①He is a cautius (cautin) man and is always ding things carefully.
②The teacher suggested we d the exercises with great cautin thugh they were easy.
③I think yu shuld be cautius abut giving yur address t strangers.
句型转换
The teacher warned him nt t make a nise.
④The teacher cautined him nt t make a nise.
⑤The teacher cautined him against making a nise.
【写作金句】
Cautin is the parent f safety.
小心驶得万年船。
4. astnish vt. 使惊讶, 使惊骇
教材原句
When he lks at the menu, an astnished lk swiftly appears n his face. (P24)
当他看菜单时, 脸上迅速地闪现出一副震惊的表情。
【词块必记】
(1)It astnishes sb. that ... 令某人惊讶的是……
(2)astnished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astnished at/by ...对……感到惊讶
be astnished t d ...因做……而感到惊讶
astnishing adj. 令人惊讶的
(3)astnishment n. 惊奇, 惊异
t ne’s astnishment=t the astnishment f sb.
让某人感到惊讶的是
in astnishment惊讶地
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①She lked at me with an astnished (astnish) lk.
②T my astnishment (astnish), he gt the first prize in the cntest.
③It’s astnishing (astnish) that s many peple shuld be absent.
完成句子
④T my astnishment, he finished the jb in such a shrt time.
令我吃惊的是, 他竟在如此短的时间内完成了工作。
⑤It did nt astnish her at all that he had gne.
他走了, 她对此一点都不吃惊。
【写作金句】
T my astnishment, mst f my classmates wanted t g t a park while I had an idea f ging t a nicer place. 令我吃惊的是, 大部分同学想去公园而我想去一个更好的地方。
5. desperate adj. 绝望的; 拼命的; 铤而走险的, 不顾一切的; 非常需要的; 极度渴望的
教材原句
He becmes s desperate in the end that he even hides sme inside the purse f a wman sitting near him and thrws sme dwn the trusers f the restaurant’s vilinist! (P24)
最后, 他变得不顾一切了, 甚至将一些肉塞进坐在他旁边的一个女人的手提包里, 将一些肉扔到餐厅小提琴手的裤子里!
【词块必记】
(1)be desperate fr sth. 渴望某物
be desperate t d sth. 渴望做某事
in desperate need (f)非常需要(……)
(2)desperatin n. 拼命; 不顾死活; 绝望
in desperatin绝望
(3)desperately adv. 绝望地; 拼命地; 非常地
【熟词生义】
They face a desperate shrtage f clean water. (极严重的)
他们面临无污染水源的严重短缺的问题。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The children in the muntainus area are desperate t learn (learn) mre knwledge.
②He ran away frm the enemy desperately (desperate).
③He was in desperatin when he fund all his belngings lst.
完成句子
④She was desperate t wrk t prvide fr a large family.
她拼命地工作来供养一个大家庭。
⑤The survivrs frm the earthquake are desperate fr fd and water.
地震的幸存者们渴望得到食物和水。
【写作金句】
I am desperate fr yur help. Can yu give me sme advice n hw t vercme it?
我渴望你的帮助。你能给我一些克服这方面困难的建议吗?
6. scare vt. 使恐惧; 使害怕; 惊吓 n. 恐慌; 恐惧
教材原句
She was very scared. (P21)
她害怕极了。
【词块必记】
(1)scare sb. int ding sth. 恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. t death使某人大受惊吓, 吓得要死
scare ... away/ff把……吓跑
(2)scared adj. 受惊吓的; 感到害怕的
be scared f sb. /sth. 害怕某人/某物
be scared f ding sth. 害怕做某事
scaring adj. 令人害怕的; 吓人的
【熟词新义】
We’ve had quite a scare. (惊吓; 惊恐)
我们很受惊吓。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I was scared t death when I saw the snake.
②Seeing the scaring (scare) scene, the girl culdn’t say a wrd.
完成句子
③Sme parents try t scare their children int behaving well.
有些父母试图用吓唬的办法使孩子守规矩。
④I was nearly scared t death when I was alne in the building.
当大楼里只有我一个人时, 我几乎被吓死。
⑤He was scared t stay/f staying utside late at night because he was scared f being rbbed/t be rbbed.
深夜他不敢待在外面, 因为害怕被抢劫。
7. starve vi. 挨饿, 饿死; 渴望
教材原句
After being almst starved with hunger, I shwed that I wanted fd. (P26)
在几乎被饿死后, 我表现出非常需要食物的样子。
【词块必记】
(1)starve t death 饿死
starve fr渴望; 急需
(2)be starved t death被饿死
be starved f/fr缺乏; 极需
(3)starvatinn. 挨饿; 饿死
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①When will dinner be ready? We are simply starving fr fd.
②It was a race against time t stp peple dying f starvatin(starve).
一句多译
③据说那位男士是在监狱里饿死的。
It is said that the man starved t death in prisn. (starve)
=It is said that the man died f starvatin in prisn. (starvatin)
8. run int 撞上; 偶遇(困难、问题等); 偶然碰到; 陷入
教材原句
car just ran straight int me. (P23)
另一辆汽车正巧撞到我身上。
【词块必记】
run acrss 偶然碰见
run ut (f)用完; 耗尽
run away (frm)逃避; 逃跑; 离开
run after追赶; 追求
run ver(撞倒并)碾压, 轧过
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I ran acrss an ld friend f mine in the street, whm I
haven’t met fr years.
②Lst in thught, he almst ran int the car in frnt f him.
③The pr dg was run ver by a taxi.
④Dn’t bther running after the bus, yu’ll never catch it.
句型转换
⑤Whatever difficulties we may meet with, we’ll never give up.
→Whatever difficulties we may run int, we’ll never give up.
9. turn sb. ff 令人讨厌
教材原句
Can yu think f a cmedian wh really turns yu ff? (P24)
你能想出一个真正让你反感的喜剧演员吗?
【词块必记】
turn ff 关闭/切断(电源等)
turn dwn调小; 拒绝
turn up出现; 来到
turn ut证明是, 结果是
turn t求助于; 转向
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Althugh he was turned dwn again, he wuld nt give up his effrts.
②T many TV advertisements ften turn its viewers ff.
③It turns ut right that water turns int ice in such cld weather.
④She went t sleep again, then her mther turned ff the TV.
完成句子
⑤The salesman’s bad behavir turned the custmers ff.
销售员无礼的举止让顾客们讨厌。
10. While still at primary schl, Rwan had already shwn admirable acting talent.
还在上小学时, 罗恩就已经表现出令人赞叹的表演天赋。
【典型例句】
①Make hay while the sun shines.
勿失良机/趁热打铁。
②While I admit his gd pints, I can see his bad.
尽管我承认他的长处, 但我也看到了他的不足。
③My husband is extremely lng-sighted while I am very shrt-sighted.
我丈夫深度远视, 而我则严重近视。
【句型公式】
(1)while still at primary schl为状语从句的省略, 完整形式为while he was still at primary schl。
(2)在由while, when, if, as if, even if/thugh, thugh, althugh, until, nce, unless 等引导的状语从句中, 当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致或从句中的主语是it, 且从句中含有be的某种形式时, 从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Unless invited (invite), he will nt cme back t the cmpany.
②When asked (ask) abut the secret f his success, he said that he wed much f his success and happiness t his wife and children.
③If chsen (chse), Mr Brwn, wh is rich in experience, will turn ut t be an excellent manager.
④While travelling (travel) alng the way, we can enjy the beautiful scenery as well as the new lks f the villages and twns.
完成句子
⑤Sme peple waste fd while thers haven’t enugh.
有些人浪费食物, 然而有些人却吃不饱。
⑥While I agree with yur reasns, I can’t allw it.
尽管我同意你的理由, 但是我不能允许这样做。
⑦Yu dn’t have t wrry while we are here.
只要我们在, 你就不必着急。
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Museums must cmpete fr peple’s spare time and mney with ther amusements(amuse).
2. (2020·江苏高考)They decide t have mre wrkers fr the prject s that it wn’t be delayed(delay).
3. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)But the sprt’s strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius (cautin)in adpting the sprt.
4. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)If yu talk abut fashin tday, yu are talking abut China—its influences, its directin, its breathtaking clthes, and hw yung designers and mdels are finally acknwledging(acknwledge) that in many ways.
5. (2019·北京高考)Since he first started vlunteering his car t the yung peple, Wilsn has cvered an astnishing (astnish)64, 000 miles.
Ⅱ. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
I’m a high schl teacher. On seeing my friends had bught new cars, I was als desperate 1. t buy (buy)a new car. Regardless 2. f my parents’ disagreement, I bught a new car by taking ut a lan. Then I decided t drive the new car t wrk, which made my mther feel 3. scared(scare). S she asked me t be 4. cautius (cautin) ver and ver again. Unfrtunately, I made n respnse t her advice and ran 5. int a bike n the way t my schl. I ften ask my students what their dreams are. They said they wanted t be admitted t a key university. But sme f them can’t resist 6. playing(play) mbile phnes and get addicted t them, which results 7. in a lack f sleep and absence f mind in class. Althugh cell phnes 8. are frbidden(frbid) in schls, the result f a recent survey 9. astnished(astnish) us. While interviewed, mre than 90 percent f students admitted t pulling ut their phnes after class withut realizing it t amuse themselves. S bviusly, what a difficult task it is 10. t cnvince (cnvince) students nt t play their mbile phnes.
Ⅲ. 短文改错
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
I’ve had many dreams since I was a child. Nw my dream is t pens a cafe. Thugh it may appear simple, it required a lt f ideas and effrts. What I want is nt just an rdinarily cafe but a very special ne. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”. In the cafe, custmers will enjy yurselves in the histrical envirnment what is created fr them. If I succeed in manage ne, I will pen mre. I wish t have a chain f cafes in many different city. Each f my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
答案:
【文章大意】本文为说明文, 主要讲述了“我”的梦想。
1. 【解析】第二句: pens改为pen。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知is后面为表语, 作表语成分应该用t d不定式或者动名词形式, 已经有不定式符号t, 故将pens改为pen。
2. 【解析】第三句: required改为requires。考查时态。根据整篇文章的主要时态为一般现在时可知, 此句中也应该用一般现在时, 故将required改为requires。
3. 【解析】第四句: rdinarily改为rdinary。考查形容词。形容词修饰名词, 根据cafe为名词可知, 此处应用形容词修饰名词, 故将rdinarily改为rdinary。
4. 【解析】第五句: cafe后加t。考查固定搭配。want sb. / sth. t d sth. 为固定搭配, 表示“想让某人/某物做某事”, 故在cafe后加t。
5. 【解析】第五句: 去掉like。考查介词。such as与like都有“像”的含义, 表示举例说明, 它们不能连在一起用, 故去掉like。
6. 【解析】第六句: yurselves改为themselves。考查代词。句子主语为custmers, 所以作宾语的反身代词形式为第三人称复数的反身代词形式, 将yurselves改为themselves。
7. 【解析】第六句: what改为that/which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知 created fr them为定语从句, 修饰先行词the histrical envirnment, 先行词在定语从句中作主语, 故将what改为that或which。
8. 【解析】第七句: manage改为managing。考查非谓语动词。succeed in ding sth. 为固定搭配, 表示“在做某事上成功”, 故将manage改为managing。
9. 【解析】第八句: city改为cities。考查名词复数。根据修饰词many different可知此处应该用名词的复数形式, 故将city改为cities。
10. 【解析】第九句: an改为a。考查不定冠词。unique为辅音音素开头的单词, 故把an改为a。
核心素养 培养学生积极向上、勇敢进取的态度, 学习借鉴优秀品质, 树立正确的人生观和价值观等
高考链接 2020· 天津高考阅读理解D; 2020·全国Ⅰ卷阅读填句; 2020·江苏高考完形填空; 2019·天津高考阅读理解B
Ⅰ. 话题与阅读理解
(2020·天津高考阅读理解D)
After years f bserving human nature, I have decided that tw qualities make the difference between men f great achievement and men f average perfrmance: curisity and discntent. I have never knwn an utstanding man wh lacked either. And I have never knwn an average man wh had bth. The tw belng tgether.
Tgether, these deep human urges(驱策力)cunt fr much mre than ambitin. Galile was nt merely ambitius when he drpped bjects f varying weights frm the Leaning Twer at Pisa and timed their fall t the grund. Like Galile, all the great names in histry were curius and asked in discntent, “Why? Why? Why? ”
Frtunately, curisity and discntent dn’t have t be learned. We are brn with them and need nly recapture them.
“The great man, ” said Mencius(孟子), “is he wh des nt lse his child’s heart. ”Yet mst f us d lse it. We stp asking questins. We stp challenging custm. We just fllw the crwd. And the crwd desires nly the calm and restful average. It encurages us t ccupy ur wn little crner, t avid flish leaps int the dark, t be satisfied.
Mst f us meet new peple, and new ideas, with hesitatin. But nce having met and liked them, we think hw terrible it wuld have been, had we missed the chance. We will prbably have t frce urselves t waken ur curisity and discntent and keep them awake.
Hw shuld yu start? Mdestly, s as nt t becme discuraged. I think f ne friend wh culdn’t arrange flwers t satisfy herself. She was curius abut hw the experts did it. Nw she is ne f the experts, writing bks n flwer arrangement.
One way t begin is t answer yur wn excuses. Yu haven’t any special ability? Mst peple dn’t; there are nly a few geniuses. Yu haven’t any time? That’s gd, because it’s always the peple with n time wh get things dne. Harriet Stwe, mther f six, wrte parts f Uncle Tm’s Cabin while cking. Yu’re t ld? Remember that Thmas Cstain was 57 when he published his first nvel, and that Grandma Mses shwed her first pictures when she was 78.
Hwever yu start, remember there is n better time t start than right nw, fr yu’ll never be mre alive than yu are at this mment.
【文章大意】本文为议论文, 首段给出核心论点: 伟大的人物会同时拥有两种品质——好奇心和永不满足的精神。后文围绕如何拥有好奇心和不满足的精神展开讨论, 通过多次举例和引用的写作手法, 突出两者的重要性并启发人们现在就行动起来去重拾我们与生俱来但是又被隐藏起来的好奇心和不满足的探索的精神。
1. In writing Paragraph 1, the authr aims t______.
A. prpse a definitin
B. make a cmparisn
C. reach a cnclusin
D. present an argument
【解析】选D。写作意图题。本题询问第一段的写作意图。由题干定位第一段, 由议论文文体来看, 首先我们能大致猜测首段引出议论话题, 给出作者的论点; 其次通读第一段, 主要内容是: 作者在多年的观察后发现普通人和有卓越成就的人的区别就在于后者会同时拥有两种品质, 即后文主要讨论说明的论点, 即首段是为了引出作者要阐明的话题和自己的观点, 故选D“提出论点”。
2. What des the example f Galile tell us?
A. Trial and errr leads t the finding f truth.
B. Scientists tend t be curius and ambitius.
C. Creativity results frm challenging authrity.
D. Greatness cmes frm a lasting desire t explre.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。本题询问Galile的例子的作用是什么。由题干中Galile定位第二段, “Like Galile, all the great names in histry were curius and asked in discntent, “Why? Why? Why? ”说明Galile 的事例给我们的启示就是要保持好奇和永不满足的心去问为什么。故选择D“伟大来自永久探索的欲望”。
3. What can yu d t recapture curisity and discntent?
A. Observe the unknwn arund yu.
B. Develp a questining mind.
C. Lead a life f adventure.
D. Fllw the fashin.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。本题询问如何重拾好奇心和永不满足的精神。 由题干动词recapture定位第三段和第四段, “We are brn with them and need nly recapture them. ”说明我们生来就有这两种品质。“The great man, ”said Mencius, “is he wh des nt lse his child’s heart. ”Yet mst f us d lse it. We stp asking questins. We stp challenging custm. 说明我们像小时候那样多问、多质疑, 即可重拾好奇心和永不满足的精神。故选择B“培养好问思维”。
4. What can we learn frm Paragraphs 6 and 7?
A. Gaining success helps yu becme an expert.
B. The genius tends t get things dne creatively.
C. Lack f talent and time is n reasn fr taking n actin.
D. Yu shuld remain mdest when appraching perfectin.
【解析】选C。段落大意题。本题询问两段的段落大意和给人的启示。由题干定位第六段和第七段, 第七段前几句One way t begin is t answer yur wn excuses. Yu haven’t any special ability? haven’t any time? ...说明人们说没时间没天赋其实都是借口, 只要真心想做, 一切都能从现在开始做到, 借此告诉人们成为优秀的人就是不要给自己找借口。故选择C“缺乏天赋和时间不是不行动的借口”。
5. What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A. Curius Minds Never Feel Cntented
B. Reflectins n Human Nature
C. The Keys t Achievement
D. Never T Late t Learn
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本题询问文章标题。根据本文首段提出的有卓越成就的人所具备的两种品质和文中主体段落通过举例、引用等方式告诫人们要行动起来重拾这两种品质和文末“there is n better time t start than right nw”再次强调现在就行动, 表明作者对读者的督促和提醒。故选C “成就的秘诀”。
【长难句剖析】
But nce having met and liked them, we think hw terrible it wuld have been, had we missed the chance.
分析: hw引导宾语从句, we think hw terrible it wuld have been, had we missed the chance这里是虚拟语气的结构, had提前, 省掉if。
翻译: 但一旦我们认识了他们并喜欢上了他们, 我们就会想, 如果我们错过了这个机会, 那将是多么可怕的事情。
【微技能点拨】 巧解文章大意题之关键词法
1. 速读全文, 搜寻出现频率比较高的中心词汇。
2. 补充词汇, 概括文章大意。
3. 对比选项, 得出正确答案。
本文中第4题为主旨大意题。根据策略解题如下:
Step 1 题干关键词: Paragraphs 6 and 7
Step 2 原文信息关键句: any special ability; haven’t any time
Step 3 两者对比, 定位关键句: 尝试解答 C 。
【语用提能】
【微语法填空】(2020· 天津高考阅读理解D改编)
After years f bserving human nature, I have decided that tw 1. qualities (quality) make the difference between men f great 2. achievement(achieve) and men f average perfrmance: curisity and discntent. These deep human urges cunt fr much mre than ambitin. Like Galile, all the great names in histry were curius and 3. asked (ask)in discntent, “Why? Why? Why? ”
4. Frtunately(frtunate), curisity and discntent dn’t have t be learned. We are brn 5. with them and need nly recapture them. Yet mst f us d lse it. We stp asking questins and 6. challenging(challenge) custm. We just fllw the crwd. And the crwd desires nly the calm and restful average. It encurages us 7. t ccupy (ccupy)ur wn little crner, t avid flish leaps int the dark, t be satisfied. Mst f us meet new peple and new ideas with hesitatin, but nce having met and liked them, we think 8. hw terrible it wuld have been. We will prbably have t frce 9. urselves(we) t waken ur curisity and discntent.
Hw shuld yu start? One way t begin is t answer yur wn excuses. Hwever yu start, remember there is n better time t start 10. than right nw, fr yu’ll never be mre alive than yu are at this mment.
Ⅱ. 话题与写作
助人为乐是中华民族的传统美德之一, 帮助贫困者是我们应尽的职责。假如你是李华, 请写一篇短文, 谈谈你的认识。
注意: 1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。
Step 1 写作技巧
(1)要点写作(根据汉语提示补全句子)
①贫穷仍然是一些地区有待解决的问题。
Pverty is still a prblem remaining t be slved in sme areas.
②全世界有超过13亿人生活在难以描述的贫困之中。
Mre than 1. 3 billin peple thrughut the wrld live in pverty beynd descriptin.
③他们食品不足, 教育匮乏, 有些人甚至处于饥饿的状态。
They lack fd and educatin, sme even in a state f starvatin.
④他们得不到足够的资金来创业。
They can’t get enugh funds t set up their wn business.
⑤这种情况引起了许多慈善机构和个人的注意, 他们向那些需要帮助的人捐了很多钱。
This situatin draws the attentin f many charities and individuals, and they have cntributed a lt f mney t thse in need f help.
⑥一些志愿者也为他们做了一些志愿工作。
Sme vlunteers als have dne sme vluntary wrk fr them.
⑦我们相信他们所做的一定会对那里的人们产生重要影响。
We believe that what they have dne can surely make a great difference t the peple there.
(2)句式多变
⑧用现在分词作状语合并②③句。
Mre than 1. 3 billin peple thrughut the wrld live in pverty beynd descriptin, lacking fd and educatin, sme even in a state f starvatin.
⑨用It is believed that...改写句⑦。
It is believed that what they have dne can surely make a great difference t the peple there.
Step 2 妙笔成篇
Pverty is still a prblem remaining t be slved in sme areas. Mre than 1. 3 billin peple thrughut the wrld live in pverty beynd descriptin, lacking fd and educatin, sme even in a state f starvatin. In additin, they can’t get enugh funds t set up their wn business. Luckily, this situatin draws the attentin f many charities and individuals, and they have cntributed a lt f mney t thse in need f help. Sme vlunteers als have dne sme vluntary wrk fr them. It is believed that what they have dne can surely make a great difference t the peple there.
【加固训练】阅读填句
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Is Fresh Air Really Gd fr Yu?
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air”. 1 Accrding t recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in yur camping area is gd.
2 If the air yu’re breathing is clean—which it wuld be if yu’re away frm the smg f cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing xygen. If yu exercise ut f drs, yur bdy will learn t breathe mre deeply, allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles(肌肉)and yur brain.
Recently, peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing(治愈). 3 In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery. It turns ut that just lking at green, grwing things can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure, and put peple int a better md(情绪). Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead. 4 It gives us a great feeling f peace.
5 While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D —but still prtect yur skin — put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that’s plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day’s wrth f Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B. S what are yu waiting fr?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F. Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate fresh air with health care.
G. All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心健康。
1. 【解析】选E。根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知, 该空应该是一个一般疑问句, 选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。故选E。
2. 【解析】选A。 根据下一句中提到的“If the air yu’re breathing is air is filled with life-giving, energizing xygen”和下文中“ mre deeply, allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles and yur brain”可以推知, 该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用, 根据常识, 我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部, 然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益, 故选A。
3. 【解析】选G。根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知, 该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词, 故选G。
4. 【解析】选C。前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人的康复有好的作用: 正在成长的绿色植物可以减轻人的压力, 降低血压, 使人情绪良好。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用, 仍然要提到在“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处, 空后的it也要指代这种情况。故选C。
5. 【解析】选D。 根据下文中提到的“the sun’s us beneficial Vitamin D”可知, 该段介绍的阳光的好处。选项中只有D项涉及阳光。故选D。话题词汇
quality, achievement, curisity, discntent, utstanding, urge, ambitin, challenge, desire, mdestly, satisfy, ability, genius
短语句式
mre than, think f, when引导的时间状语从句等
熟词新义
quality n. 品质; 特性; 才能
Ⅰ. 细品味经典文章
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want it... t accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. Where d yu start? Here’s a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
·Stp cmparing yurself with thers. D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn; yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
·Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. We are ften ashamed f ur shrtcmings, ur mistakes and ur failures. Remember, yu are nly human. Yu will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd have dne better, why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate (有同情心) respnse? “That didn’t g as planned. But, I tried my best. ”
·Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb, earned yur degree, and yu gt ut f bed tday. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
·Nw that yu’ve listed yur strengths, list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy, why yu dn’t feel gd enugh. Nw, read these wrds back t yurself. Feeling upset again? Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
Ⅱ. 按要求完成任务
1. 写出文章中与人生态度有关的单词或短语。
Self-Acceptance, accept, lve, fllw, empwer, frgive, mistake, failure, cmpassinate, strength, weakness, accmplishment, achievement, imperfectin, upset
2. 你如何看待人生态度?
What kind f life a persn has ften depends n his attitude twards life, just as the prverb says: “Attitude is everything”, therefre, we shuld have a crrect and psitive attitude twards life.
Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. amuse vt. 逗乐; 使(某人)笑
教材原句
Smene might be amused when they understand a jke. (P19)
当听懂一个笑话时, 人们可能会很开心。
【词块必记】
(1)amuse sb. /neself by/with sth.
通过……来取乐某人/自己
(2)amusement n. 消遣, 娱乐
t ne’s (great) amusement令人感到(极)好笑的是
fr amusement取乐, 消遣
(3)amused adj. 感到快乐的
be amused at/by对……感到好笑
be amused t d sth. 做某事而感到好笑
amusing adj. 有趣的, 逗乐的
【构词法】
amuse+-ment(名词后缀)=amusement n. 消遣, 娱乐
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I wuld never chse t watch ftball as an amusement (amuse).
②It’s amusing (amuse) t make a lng speech in frnt f such little children.
③T my amusement, my daughter is clever and lvely.
④It keeps me amused (amuse) t live with her.
完成句子
⑤T ur amusement, his father watches cartns fr amusement.
让我们感到好笑的是, 他爸爸竟然看动画片消遣。
⑥It was t rainy t play utside, s she amused herself by/with a bk.
雨太大了, 不适合在外面玩, 所以她看书消遣。
【写作金句】
Little things amuse little minds. 小人无大志。
2. acknwledge vt. 认可, 承认; (对某人所做的事)表示感谢; 告知收到
【典型例句】
These effects have been acknwledged by scientists.
这些作用已经被科学家承认。
【词块必记】
(1)acknwledge sb. /sth. t be/as...
认为某人/物是……
acknwledge ding sth. 承认做某事
It is universally/widely acknwledged that ...
……是大家公认的
(2)acknwledgement n. 承认; 感谢
【误区释疑】
acknwledge后常跟动名词作宾语, 其同义词有: admit, appreciate等。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①With n slid evidence, he refused t acknwledge stealing (steal) the lady’s purse.
②He was given a gld watch in acknwledgement (acknwledge) f his wrk fr the business.
一句多译
③他被公认为中国最佳的游泳选手之一。
He is widely acknwledged as/t be ne f the best swimmers in China.
=It is widely acknwledged that he is ne f the best swimmers in China.
【熟词生义】
I was standing right next t her, but she didn’t even acknwledge me. ((微笑、挥手等)致意)
我正好站在她旁边, 但是她没和我打招呼。
3. resist vt. 抵抗, 抵制
教材原句
Putting a red nse n while yu are stuck in a traffic jam can be a gd way f resisting the tensin caused by the jam. (P22)当你遇到交通阻塞时, 戴上一个红鼻子是抵抗交通阻塞带来的紧张的一个好办法。
【词块必记】
(1)resist ding sth. 反对做某事
can’t resist ding sth. =can’t help ding sth.
忍不住做某事
(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的; 有抵抗力的
be resistant t sth. 对某物有抵抗力
(3)resistance n. 抗拒; 反对
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The club is resistant (resist) t any frm f change.
②There has been a lt f resistance (resist) t this new law.
句式转换
She culdn’t help making jkes abut his bald head.
③She culdn’t resist making jkes abut his bald head. (resist)
④She culdn’t be resistant t making jkes abut his bald head. (resistant)
【写作金句】
Teenagers may find it difficult t resist peer pressure.
青少年可能觉得很难抵抗同龄人的压力。
【误区释疑】
resist表示“忍住”时常与表示否定意义的can’t/can hardly/be nt able t等连用; resist 后接动词-ing形式, 不接不定式。
4. frbid (frbade, frbidden) vt. 禁止, 不准
【典型例句】
In rder t prtect the envirnment, the gvernment frbids the citizens t use plastic bags.
为了保护环境, 政府禁止市民使用塑料袋。
【词块必记】
frbid sb. sth. /frbid ne’s ding sth.
禁止某人(做)某事
frbid ding sth. 禁止做某事
frbid sb. t d sth. =frbid sb. frm ding sth.
禁止某人做某事
frbid that...(shuld) d...禁止……
【知识拓展】
类似frbid sb. frm ding sth. 的表达:
prtect sb. frm sth. 保护某人使其不受伤害等
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①It is high time that we frbade setting (set) ff firewrks in urban areas.
②I think the middle schl students shuld be frbidden t use (use) smart phnes at schl.
③It is nt allwed t apprach the frbidden (frbid) area.
④My father frbade me frm meeting (meet) my friends nline at the Internet cafe!
一句多译
⑤妈妈不准男孩在街上踢足球。
The mther frbade the by t play ftball in the street.
=The mther frbade the by frm playing ftball in the street.
=The mther frbade the by’s playing ftball in the street.
5. cnvince vt. 使相信; 说服
教材原句
was nt cnvinced himself, until he met a grup f talented peple at university...(P25)
……罗恩自己并不相信, 直到在大学遇到一群天才人物……
【词块必记】
(1)cnvince sb. t d sth. 说服某人做某事
cnvince sb. f sth. 使某人相信某事
cnvince sb. that ...使某人相信……
(2)cnvinced adj. 确信, 深信不移的
be cnvinced f/that ...坚信/确信……
cnvincing adj. 信服的; 有说服力的
【知识拓展】
“v. +sb. +f +sth. ”结构中的动词有: cnvince, warn, remind, persuade, infrm, accuse等。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①We cnvinced him t g(g) by train rather than by plane.
②There is nw cnvincing (cnvince) evidence that smking causes lung cancer.
③Yu need t cnvince yur interviewer f yur ability t master the wrk.
④Cnvinced (cnvince) f the truth f the reprt, he tld his clleagues abut it.
句型转换
⑤I managed t cnvince them that the stry was true. (改为简单句)
→I managed t cnvince them f the truth f the stry.
【写作金句】
I am cnvinced that I will be the right persn fr the psitin. 我确信我会是这个职位的合适人选。
Ⅱ. 核心短语
6. regardless f 不管, 不顾
教材原句
He cnstantly gets int awkward and absurd situatins, which greatly amuses audiences regardless f their natinality r culture. (P24)
他不断陷入尴尬而又荒唐的情境中, 给任何国籍或文化背景的观众都带来了极大的乐趣。
【词块必记】
in spite f/despite 尽管(表示让步)
with regard t关于; 至于
【误区释疑】
regardless f后可接whether, what引导的从句, 而in spite f和despite后一般不接从句, 但可以跟the fact that ...。
【语境速测】 完成句子
①Regardless f whether he is right r wrng, we have t fllw his decisins.
不论他是对还是错, 我们必须听从他的决定。
②In spite f/Despite his age, he still leads an active life.
尽管年事已高, 他依旧过着一种积极的生活。
③With regard t my favrite Chinese pet, I’d like t intrduce Du Fu t yu.
至于我最喜欢的中国诗人, 我想向你介绍杜甫。
【写作金句】
Regardless f the risk f getting infected, Uncle Li is respnsible and devted t his jb.
李叔叔不顾感染的危险, 对工作负责, 尽心尽力。
7. result in 造成, 导致, 结果是
教材原句
Smeday, everyne will have a red nse n and a traffic jam will result in the instant appearance f 10, 000 clwns! (P22)
将来有一天, 每个人都会戴上一个红鼻子, 一有交通堵塞马上就会出现10 000个小丑!
【词块必记】
【误区释疑】
result in“导致/造成……的结果”相当于lead t/cause/bring abut, 后面跟表示结果的名词或动名词; result frm“(由于……而)发生, 产生”相当于lie in, 后跟表示原因的名词或动名词。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①His laziness resulted in his failure; that’s t say, his failure resulted frm his laziness.
②As a result f yur carelessness, the plan shuld be put ff at least ne mnth.
③He studied hard last term, and as a result, he passed the examinatin.
④I’ve been trying t pen the bx, but withut result s far.
一句多译
⑤普遍认为他是因为过度劳累而得了疾病。
It’s generally believed that his illness resulted frm the verfull tiredness.
=It’s generally believed that the verfull tiredness resulted in his illness.
=It’s generally believed that he suffered frm illness as a result f the verfull tiredness.
Ⅲ. 经典句式
8. I lked dwn as much as I culd and saw a human creature just six inches high, with a bw and arrw in his hands. 我尽可能地低头看, 看见一个手拿着弓箭的、仅六英寸高的人体动物。
【典型例句】
①The yung man is used t sleeping with lights n.
这个年轻人习惯了开着灯睡觉。
②With the by leading the way, we fund her huse easily.
由这个男孩带路, 我们很容易就找到了她的家。
【句型公式】
with复合结构的具体形式:
该结构在句中常用作状语, 表示时间、条件、伴随、方式、原因等。
【语境速测】 句式升级
①Because ur lessns were ver, we went t play ftball.
→ With ur lessns ver, we went t play ftball.
②The children came running twards us and held sme flwers in their hands.
→The children came running twards us with sme flwers in their hands.
③My mther is ill, s I wn’t be able t g n hliday.
→ With my mther being ill, I wn’t be able t g n hliday.
④An exam will be held tmrrw, s I culdn’t g t the cinema tnight.
→ With an exam t be held tmrrw, I culdn’t g t the cinema tnight.
【备选要点】
1. harmny n. 协调, 和谐, 融洽
教材原句
Family harmny(P20) 家庭和谐
【词块必记】
(1)in (ut f) harmny with... 与……协调一致(不协调)
live in harmny和睦相处, 和谐共处
(2)harmnius adj. 协调的; 和睦的, 友好的
(3)peace and harmny和平共处
(4)wrk in harmny融洽地工作
【熟词生义】
It is very necessary t study fur-part harmny befre being a singer. (和声)
成为一名歌唱家之前学习四部和声是很有必要的。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The sky and the sea here made a harmnius(harmny) picture.
②I believe it is pssible fr different ethnic grups t live tgether in harmny.
完成句子
③The vilin was ut f harmny with the rest f the instruments.
小提琴拉得与其他乐器不协调。
【写作金句】
In additin, every student can be in harmny with freign friends, which makes it easy fr yu t get alng with them.
此外, 每位学生都能与外国朋友和谐相处, 这会使你很容易与他们打交道。
2. delay n. & v. 延误, 延期
教材原句
Heavy snw last winter caused lng delays at Heathrw airprt. (P20)
去年冬天的大雪导致了希思罗机场航班的长时间延误。
【词块必记】
delay ding sth. =put ff ding sth. 推迟/延迟做某事
withut delay毫不耽搁; 立刻
【思维拓展】
delay可作动词, 其后跟名词或动名词, 同义词有: pstpne, hld ver等。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I have t delay answering (answer) his questin, waiting fr the right mment.
完成句子
②The injured were taken t the nearest hspital withut delay.
伤者被立刻送往最近的医院。
③Curageus peple think quickly and act withut delay.
勇敢的人思维敏捷, 行动果断。
3. cautin n. 谨慎, 小心; 警告 vt. 警告, 告诫; 提醒
教材原句
But I still have t remember t use cautin smetimes. (P22)但是有时我仍需记住要小心翼翼。
【词块必记】
(1)with cautin 小心地, 谨慎地
(2)cautin sb. nt t d sth. /against ding sth.
警告某人不要做某事
cautin sb. abut ...警告某人……
(3)cautius adj. 小心的, 谨慎的
be cautius abut/f/with ...对……很小心
【思维拓展】
“介词+名词/形容词”含有名词/形容词对应的副词的含义, 如: with cautin=cautiusly, in shrt=shrtly等。
【熟词生义】
Sme cautins must be mentined—fr example gd tls are essential t d the jb well. (警示语)
必须要提到一些警示语——如: 工欲善其事, 必先利其器。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①He is a cautius (cautin) man and is always ding things carefully.
②The teacher suggested we d the exercises with great cautin thugh they were easy.
③I think yu shuld be cautius abut giving yur address t strangers.
句型转换
The teacher warned him nt t make a nise.
④The teacher cautined him nt t make a nise.
⑤The teacher cautined him against making a nise.
【写作金句】
Cautin is the parent f safety.
小心驶得万年船。
4. astnish vt. 使惊讶, 使惊骇
教材原句
When he lks at the menu, an astnished lk swiftly appears n his face. (P24)
当他看菜单时, 脸上迅速地闪现出一副震惊的表情。
【词块必记】
(1)It astnishes sb. that ... 令某人惊讶的是……
(2)astnished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astnished at/by ...对……感到惊讶
be astnished t d ...因做……而感到惊讶
astnishing adj. 令人惊讶的
(3)astnishment n. 惊奇, 惊异
t ne’s astnishment=t the astnishment f sb.
让某人感到惊讶的是
in astnishment惊讶地
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①She lked at me with an astnished (astnish) lk.
②T my astnishment (astnish), he gt the first prize in the cntest.
③It’s astnishing (astnish) that s many peple shuld be absent.
完成句子
④T my astnishment, he finished the jb in such a shrt time.
令我吃惊的是, 他竟在如此短的时间内完成了工作。
⑤It did nt astnish her at all that he had gne.
他走了, 她对此一点都不吃惊。
【写作金句】
T my astnishment, mst f my classmates wanted t g t a park while I had an idea f ging t a nicer place. 令我吃惊的是, 大部分同学想去公园而我想去一个更好的地方。
5. desperate adj. 绝望的; 拼命的; 铤而走险的, 不顾一切的; 非常需要的; 极度渴望的
教材原句
He becmes s desperate in the end that he even hides sme inside the purse f a wman sitting near him and thrws sme dwn the trusers f the restaurant’s vilinist! (P24)
最后, 他变得不顾一切了, 甚至将一些肉塞进坐在他旁边的一个女人的手提包里, 将一些肉扔到餐厅小提琴手的裤子里!
【词块必记】
(1)be desperate fr sth. 渴望某物
be desperate t d sth. 渴望做某事
in desperate need (f)非常需要(……)
(2)desperatin n. 拼命; 不顾死活; 绝望
in desperatin绝望
(3)desperately adv. 绝望地; 拼命地; 非常地
【熟词生义】
They face a desperate shrtage f clean water. (极严重的)
他们面临无污染水源的严重短缺的问题。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①The children in the muntainus area are desperate t learn (learn) mre knwledge.
②He ran away frm the enemy desperately (desperate).
③He was in desperatin when he fund all his belngings lst.
完成句子
④She was desperate t wrk t prvide fr a large family.
她拼命地工作来供养一个大家庭。
⑤The survivrs frm the earthquake are desperate fr fd and water.
地震的幸存者们渴望得到食物和水。
【写作金句】
I am desperate fr yur help. Can yu give me sme advice n hw t vercme it?
我渴望你的帮助。你能给我一些克服这方面困难的建议吗?
6. scare vt. 使恐惧; 使害怕; 惊吓 n. 恐慌; 恐惧
教材原句
She was very scared. (P21)
她害怕极了。
【词块必记】
(1)scare sb. int ding sth. 恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. t death使某人大受惊吓, 吓得要死
scare ... away/ff把……吓跑
(2)scared adj. 受惊吓的; 感到害怕的
be scared f sb. /sth. 害怕某人/某物
be scared f ding sth. 害怕做某事
scaring adj. 令人害怕的; 吓人的
【熟词新义】
We’ve had quite a scare. (惊吓; 惊恐)
我们很受惊吓。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I was scared t death when I saw the snake.
②Seeing the scaring (scare) scene, the girl culdn’t say a wrd.
完成句子
③Sme parents try t scare their children int behaving well.
有些父母试图用吓唬的办法使孩子守规矩。
④I was nearly scared t death when I was alne in the building.
当大楼里只有我一个人时, 我几乎被吓死。
⑤He was scared t stay/f staying utside late at night because he was scared f being rbbed/t be rbbed.
深夜他不敢待在外面, 因为害怕被抢劫。
7. starve vi. 挨饿, 饿死; 渴望
教材原句
After being almst starved with hunger, I shwed that I wanted fd. (P26)
在几乎被饿死后, 我表现出非常需要食物的样子。
【词块必记】
(1)starve t death 饿死
starve fr渴望; 急需
(2)be starved t death被饿死
be starved f/fr缺乏; 极需
(3)starvatinn. 挨饿; 饿死
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①When will dinner be ready? We are simply starving fr fd.
②It was a race against time t stp peple dying f starvatin(starve).
一句多译
③据说那位男士是在监狱里饿死的。
It is said that the man starved t death in prisn. (starve)
=It is said that the man died f starvatin in prisn. (starvatin)
8. run int 撞上; 偶遇(困难、问题等); 偶然碰到; 陷入
教材原句
car just ran straight int me. (P23)
另一辆汽车正巧撞到我身上。
【词块必记】
run acrss 偶然碰见
run ut (f)用完; 耗尽
run away (frm)逃避; 逃跑; 离开
run after追赶; 追求
run ver(撞倒并)碾压, 轧过
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I ran acrss an ld friend f mine in the street, whm I
haven’t met fr years.
②Lst in thught, he almst ran int the car in frnt f him.
③The pr dg was run ver by a taxi.
④Dn’t bther running after the bus, yu’ll never catch it.
句型转换
⑤Whatever difficulties we may meet with, we’ll never give up.
→Whatever difficulties we may run int, we’ll never give up.
9. turn sb. ff 令人讨厌
教材原句
Can yu think f a cmedian wh really turns yu ff? (P24)
你能想出一个真正让你反感的喜剧演员吗?
【词块必记】
turn ff 关闭/切断(电源等)
turn dwn调小; 拒绝
turn up出现; 来到
turn ut证明是, 结果是
turn t求助于; 转向
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Althugh he was turned dwn again, he wuld nt give up his effrts.
②T many TV advertisements ften turn its viewers ff.
③It turns ut right that water turns int ice in such cld weather.
④She went t sleep again, then her mther turned ff the TV.
完成句子
⑤The salesman’s bad behavir turned the custmers ff.
销售员无礼的举止让顾客们讨厌。
10. While still at primary schl, Rwan had already shwn admirable acting talent.
还在上小学时, 罗恩就已经表现出令人赞叹的表演天赋。
【典型例句】
①Make hay while the sun shines.
勿失良机/趁热打铁。
②While I admit his gd pints, I can see his bad.
尽管我承认他的长处, 但我也看到了他的不足。
③My husband is extremely lng-sighted while I am very shrt-sighted.
我丈夫深度远视, 而我则严重近视。
【句型公式】
(1)while still at primary schl为状语从句的省略, 完整形式为while he was still at primary schl。
(2)在由while, when, if, as if, even if/thugh, thugh, althugh, until, nce, unless 等引导的状语从句中, 当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致或从句中的主语是it, 且从句中含有be的某种形式时, 从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Unless invited (invite), he will nt cme back t the cmpany.
②When asked (ask) abut the secret f his success, he said that he wed much f his success and happiness t his wife and children.
③If chsen (chse), Mr Brwn, wh is rich in experience, will turn ut t be an excellent manager.
④While travelling (travel) alng the way, we can enjy the beautiful scenery as well as the new lks f the villages and twns.
完成句子
⑤Sme peple waste fd while thers haven’t enugh.
有些人浪费食物, 然而有些人却吃不饱。
⑥While I agree with yur reasns, I can’t allw it.
尽管我同意你的理由, 但是我不能允许这样做。
⑦Yu dn’t have t wrry while we are here.
只要我们在, 你就不必着急。
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Museums must cmpete fr peple’s spare time and mney with ther amusements(amuse).
2. (2020·江苏高考)They decide t have mre wrkers fr the prject s that it wn’t be delayed(delay).
3. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)But the sprt’s strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius (cautin)in adpting the sprt.
4. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)If yu talk abut fashin tday, yu are talking abut China—its influences, its directin, its breathtaking clthes, and hw yung designers and mdels are finally acknwledging(acknwledge) that in many ways.
5. (2019·北京高考)Since he first started vlunteering his car t the yung peple, Wilsn has cvered an astnishing (astnish)64, 000 miles.
Ⅱ. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
I’m a high schl teacher. On seeing my friends had bught new cars, I was als desperate 1. t buy (buy)a new car. Regardless 2. f my parents’ disagreement, I bught a new car by taking ut a lan. Then I decided t drive the new car t wrk, which made my mther feel 3. scared(scare). S she asked me t be 4. cautius (cautin) ver and ver again. Unfrtunately, I made n respnse t her advice and ran 5. int a bike n the way t my schl. I ften ask my students what their dreams are. They said they wanted t be admitted t a key university. But sme f them can’t resist 6. playing(play) mbile phnes and get addicted t them, which results 7. in a lack f sleep and absence f mind in class. Althugh cell phnes 8. are frbidden(frbid) in schls, the result f a recent survey 9. astnished(astnish) us. While interviewed, mre than 90 percent f students admitted t pulling ut their phnes after class withut realizing it t amuse themselves. S bviusly, what a difficult task it is 10. t cnvince (cnvince) students nt t play their mbile phnes.
Ⅲ. 短文改错
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
I’ve had many dreams since I was a child. Nw my dream is t pens a cafe. Thugh it may appear simple, it required a lt f ideas and effrts. What I want is nt just an rdinarily cafe but a very special ne. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”. In the cafe, custmers will enjy yurselves in the histrical envirnment what is created fr them. If I succeed in manage ne, I will pen mre. I wish t have a chain f cafes in many different city. Each f my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
答案:
【文章大意】本文为说明文, 主要讲述了“我”的梦想。
1. 【解析】第二句: pens改为pen。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知is后面为表语, 作表语成分应该用t d不定式或者动名词形式, 已经有不定式符号t, 故将pens改为pen。
2. 【解析】第三句: required改为requires。考查时态。根据整篇文章的主要时态为一般现在时可知, 此句中也应该用一般现在时, 故将required改为requires。
3. 【解析】第四句: rdinarily改为rdinary。考查形容词。形容词修饰名词, 根据cafe为名词可知, 此处应用形容词修饰名词, 故将rdinarily改为rdinary。
4. 【解析】第五句: cafe后加t。考查固定搭配。want sb. / sth. t d sth. 为固定搭配, 表示“想让某人/某物做某事”, 故在cafe后加t。
5. 【解析】第五句: 去掉like。考查介词。such as与like都有“像”的含义, 表示举例说明, 它们不能连在一起用, 故去掉like。
6. 【解析】第六句: yurselves改为themselves。考查代词。句子主语为custmers, 所以作宾语的反身代词形式为第三人称复数的反身代词形式, 将yurselves改为themselves。
7. 【解析】第六句: what改为that/which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知 created fr them为定语从句, 修饰先行词the histrical envirnment, 先行词在定语从句中作主语, 故将what改为that或which。
8. 【解析】第七句: manage改为managing。考查非谓语动词。succeed in ding sth. 为固定搭配, 表示“在做某事上成功”, 故将manage改为managing。
9. 【解析】第八句: city改为cities。考查名词复数。根据修饰词many different可知此处应该用名词的复数形式, 故将city改为cities。
10. 【解析】第九句: an改为a。考查不定冠词。unique为辅音音素开头的单词, 故把an改为a。
核心素养 培养学生积极向上、勇敢进取的态度, 学习借鉴优秀品质, 树立正确的人生观和价值观等
高考链接 2020· 天津高考阅读理解D; 2020·全国Ⅰ卷阅读填句; 2020·江苏高考完形填空; 2019·天津高考阅读理解B
Ⅰ. 话题与阅读理解
(2020·天津高考阅读理解D)
After years f bserving human nature, I have decided that tw qualities make the difference between men f great achievement and men f average perfrmance: curisity and discntent. I have never knwn an utstanding man wh lacked either. And I have never knwn an average man wh had bth. The tw belng tgether.
Tgether, these deep human urges(驱策力)cunt fr much mre than ambitin. Galile was nt merely ambitius when he drpped bjects f varying weights frm the Leaning Twer at Pisa and timed their fall t the grund. Like Galile, all the great names in histry were curius and asked in discntent, “Why? Why? Why? ”
Frtunately, curisity and discntent dn’t have t be learned. We are brn with them and need nly recapture them.
“The great man, ” said Mencius(孟子), “is he wh des nt lse his child’s heart. ”Yet mst f us d lse it. We stp asking questins. We stp challenging custm. We just fllw the crwd. And the crwd desires nly the calm and restful average. It encurages us t ccupy ur wn little crner, t avid flish leaps int the dark, t be satisfied.
Mst f us meet new peple, and new ideas, with hesitatin. But nce having met and liked them, we think hw terrible it wuld have been, had we missed the chance. We will prbably have t frce urselves t waken ur curisity and discntent and keep them awake.
Hw shuld yu start? Mdestly, s as nt t becme discuraged. I think f ne friend wh culdn’t arrange flwers t satisfy herself. She was curius abut hw the experts did it. Nw she is ne f the experts, writing bks n flwer arrangement.
One way t begin is t answer yur wn excuses. Yu haven’t any special ability? Mst peple dn’t; there are nly a few geniuses. Yu haven’t any time? That’s gd, because it’s always the peple with n time wh get things dne. Harriet Stwe, mther f six, wrte parts f Uncle Tm’s Cabin while cking. Yu’re t ld? Remember that Thmas Cstain was 57 when he published his first nvel, and that Grandma Mses shwed her first pictures when she was 78.
Hwever yu start, remember there is n better time t start than right nw, fr yu’ll never be mre alive than yu are at this mment.
【文章大意】本文为议论文, 首段给出核心论点: 伟大的人物会同时拥有两种品质——好奇心和永不满足的精神。后文围绕如何拥有好奇心和不满足的精神展开讨论, 通过多次举例和引用的写作手法, 突出两者的重要性并启发人们现在就行动起来去重拾我们与生俱来但是又被隐藏起来的好奇心和不满足的探索的精神。
1. In writing Paragraph 1, the authr aims t______.
A. prpse a definitin
B. make a cmparisn
C. reach a cnclusin
D. present an argument
【解析】选D。写作意图题。本题询问第一段的写作意图。由题干定位第一段, 由议论文文体来看, 首先我们能大致猜测首段引出议论话题, 给出作者的论点; 其次通读第一段, 主要内容是: 作者在多年的观察后发现普通人和有卓越成就的人的区别就在于后者会同时拥有两种品质, 即后文主要讨论说明的论点, 即首段是为了引出作者要阐明的话题和自己的观点, 故选D“提出论点”。
2. What des the example f Galile tell us?
A. Trial and errr leads t the finding f truth.
B. Scientists tend t be curius and ambitius.
C. Creativity results frm challenging authrity.
D. Greatness cmes frm a lasting desire t explre.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。本题询问Galile的例子的作用是什么。由题干中Galile定位第二段, “Like Galile, all the great names in histry were curius and asked in discntent, “Why? Why? Why? ”说明Galile 的事例给我们的启示就是要保持好奇和永不满足的心去问为什么。故选择D“伟大来自永久探索的欲望”。
3. What can yu d t recapture curisity and discntent?
A. Observe the unknwn arund yu.
B. Develp a questining mind.
C. Lead a life f adventure.
D. Fllw the fashin.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。本题询问如何重拾好奇心和永不满足的精神。 由题干动词recapture定位第三段和第四段, “We are brn with them and need nly recapture them. ”说明我们生来就有这两种品质。“The great man, ”said Mencius, “is he wh des nt lse his child’s heart. ”Yet mst f us d lse it. We stp asking questins. We stp challenging custm. 说明我们像小时候那样多问、多质疑, 即可重拾好奇心和永不满足的精神。故选择B“培养好问思维”。
4. What can we learn frm Paragraphs 6 and 7?
A. Gaining success helps yu becme an expert.
B. The genius tends t get things dne creatively.
C. Lack f talent and time is n reasn fr taking n actin.
D. Yu shuld remain mdest when appraching perfectin.
【解析】选C。段落大意题。本题询问两段的段落大意和给人的启示。由题干定位第六段和第七段, 第七段前几句One way t begin is t answer yur wn excuses. Yu haven’t any special ability? haven’t any time? ...说明人们说没时间没天赋其实都是借口, 只要真心想做, 一切都能从现在开始做到, 借此告诉人们成为优秀的人就是不要给自己找借口。故选择C“缺乏天赋和时间不是不行动的借口”。
5. What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A. Curius Minds Never Feel Cntented
B. Reflectins n Human Nature
C. The Keys t Achievement
D. Never T Late t Learn
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本题询问文章标题。根据本文首段提出的有卓越成就的人所具备的两种品质和文中主体段落通过举例、引用等方式告诫人们要行动起来重拾这两种品质和文末“there is n better time t start than right nw”再次强调现在就行动, 表明作者对读者的督促和提醒。故选C “成就的秘诀”。
【长难句剖析】
But nce having met and liked them, we think hw terrible it wuld have been, had we missed the chance.
分析: hw引导宾语从句, we think hw terrible it wuld have been, had we missed the chance这里是虚拟语气的结构, had提前, 省掉if。
翻译: 但一旦我们认识了他们并喜欢上了他们, 我们就会想, 如果我们错过了这个机会, 那将是多么可怕的事情。
【微技能点拨】 巧解文章大意题之关键词法
1. 速读全文, 搜寻出现频率比较高的中心词汇。
2. 补充词汇, 概括文章大意。
3. 对比选项, 得出正确答案。
本文中第4题为主旨大意题。根据策略解题如下:
Step 1 题干关键词: Paragraphs 6 and 7
Step 2 原文信息关键句: any special ability; haven’t any time
Step 3 两者对比, 定位关键句: 尝试解答 C 。
【语用提能】
【微语法填空】(2020· 天津高考阅读理解D改编)
After years f bserving human nature, I have decided that tw 1. qualities (quality) make the difference between men f great 2. achievement(achieve) and men f average perfrmance: curisity and discntent. These deep human urges cunt fr much mre than ambitin. Like Galile, all the great names in histry were curius and 3. asked (ask)in discntent, “Why? Why? Why? ”
4. Frtunately(frtunate), curisity and discntent dn’t have t be learned. We are brn 5. with them and need nly recapture them. Yet mst f us d lse it. We stp asking questins and 6. challenging(challenge) custm. We just fllw the crwd. And the crwd desires nly the calm and restful average. It encurages us 7. t ccupy (ccupy)ur wn little crner, t avid flish leaps int the dark, t be satisfied. Mst f us meet new peple and new ideas with hesitatin, but nce having met and liked them, we think 8. hw terrible it wuld have been. We will prbably have t frce 9. urselves(we) t waken ur curisity and discntent.
Hw shuld yu start? One way t begin is t answer yur wn excuses. Hwever yu start, remember there is n better time t start 10. than right nw, fr yu’ll never be mre alive than yu are at this mment.
Ⅱ. 话题与写作
助人为乐是中华民族的传统美德之一, 帮助贫困者是我们应尽的职责。假如你是李华, 请写一篇短文, 谈谈你的认识。
注意: 1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 尽量使用本单元学过的词汇和短语。
Step 1 写作技巧
(1)要点写作(根据汉语提示补全句子)
①贫穷仍然是一些地区有待解决的问题。
Pverty is still a prblem remaining t be slved in sme areas.
②全世界有超过13亿人生活在难以描述的贫困之中。
Mre than 1. 3 billin peple thrughut the wrld live in pverty beynd descriptin.
③他们食品不足, 教育匮乏, 有些人甚至处于饥饿的状态。
They lack fd and educatin, sme even in a state f starvatin.
④他们得不到足够的资金来创业。
They can’t get enugh funds t set up their wn business.
⑤这种情况引起了许多慈善机构和个人的注意, 他们向那些需要帮助的人捐了很多钱。
This situatin draws the attentin f many charities and individuals, and they have cntributed a lt f mney t thse in need f help.
⑥一些志愿者也为他们做了一些志愿工作。
Sme vlunteers als have dne sme vluntary wrk fr them.
⑦我们相信他们所做的一定会对那里的人们产生重要影响。
We believe that what they have dne can surely make a great difference t the peple there.
(2)句式多变
⑧用现在分词作状语合并②③句。
Mre than 1. 3 billin peple thrughut the wrld live in pverty beynd descriptin, lacking fd and educatin, sme even in a state f starvatin.
⑨用It is believed that...改写句⑦。
It is believed that what they have dne can surely make a great difference t the peple there.
Step 2 妙笔成篇
Pverty is still a prblem remaining t be slved in sme areas. Mre than 1. 3 billin peple thrughut the wrld live in pverty beynd descriptin, lacking fd and educatin, sme even in a state f starvatin. In additin, they can’t get enugh funds t set up their wn business. Luckily, this situatin draws the attentin f many charities and individuals, and they have cntributed a lt f mney t thse in need f help. Sme vlunteers als have dne sme vluntary wrk fr them. It is believed that what they have dne can surely make a great difference t the peple there.
【加固训练】阅读填句
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Is Fresh Air Really Gd fr Yu?
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air”. 1 Accrding t recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in yur camping area is gd.
2 If the air yu’re breathing is clean—which it wuld be if yu’re away frm the smg f cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing xygen. If yu exercise ut f drs, yur bdy will learn t breathe mre deeply, allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles(肌肉)and yur brain.
Recently, peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing(治愈). 3 In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery. It turns ut that just lking at green, grwing things can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure, and put peple int a better md(情绪). Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead. 4 It gives us a great feeling f peace.
5 While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D —but still prtect yur skin — put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that’s plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day’s wrth f Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B. S what are yu waiting fr?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F. Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate fresh air with health care.
G. All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心健康。
1. 【解析】选E。根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知, 该空应该是一个一般疑问句, 选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。故选E。
2. 【解析】选A。 根据下一句中提到的“If the air yu’re breathing is air is filled with life-giving, energizing xygen”和下文中“ mre deeply, allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles and yur brain”可以推知, 该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用, 根据常识, 我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部, 然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益, 故选A。
3. 【解析】选G。根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知, 该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词, 故选G。
4. 【解析】选C。前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人的康复有好的作用: 正在成长的绿色植物可以减轻人的压力, 降低血压, 使人情绪良好。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用, 仍然要提到在“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处, 空后的it也要指代这种情况。故选C。
5. 【解析】选D。 根据下文中提到的“the sun’s us beneficial Vitamin D”可知, 该段介绍的阳光的好处。选项中只有D项涉及阳光。故选D。话题词汇
quality, achievement, curisity, discntent, utstanding, urge, ambitin, challenge, desire, mdestly, satisfy, ability, genius
短语句式
mre than, think f, when引导的时间状语从句等
熟词新义
quality n. 品质; 特性; 才能
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