河南省周口市鹿邑县2020-2021学年七年级下学期期中数学试题(word版含答案)
展开2020-2021学年度第2学期期中考试卷
七年级数学
满分:120分
一.选择题.(每题只有一个正确答案,请将正确答案填在下面的表格里.每题3分,共30分)
1.下列各项中,是无理数的是
A. B.0.23 C. D.
2.在平面直角坐标系中,点在
A.第一象限 B.第二象限 C.第三象限 D.第四象限
3.下列各命题中,为真命题的是
A.锐角大于它的余角 B.锐角大于它的补角
C.钝角大于它的补角 D.锐角与锐角之和大于90°
4.将点向右平移1个单位长度,再向下平移2个单位长度后得到,则点的坐标为
A. B. C. D.
5.如图,,若,则的度数为
5题图
A.30° B.60° C.70° D.120°
6.下列各项中,比3大比4小的无理数是
A.3.14 B. C. D.
7.关于图形平移的特征叙述,有下列两种说法:
①一个图形和它经过平移所得的图形中,两组对应点的连线一定平行;
②一个图形和它经过平移所得的图形中,两组对应点的连线一定相等;其中判断正确的是
A.①错②对 B.①对②错 C.①②都错 D.①②都对
8.如图所示,小明在操场上点B处看位于点A处小亮的位置时,下列说法正确的是
8题图
A.点A在点B的北偏东40°的方向25m处
B.点A在点B的南偏东50°的方向25m处
C.点A在点B的南偏西40°的方向25m处
D.点A在点B的南偏西50°的方向25m处
9.如图直线与直线相交于点O,,若过点O作,则的度数为
9题图
A.50° B.130° C.50°或90° D.50°或130°
10.已知表示三个数中最小的那个数,例如当时,,当时,则x的值为
A. B. C. D.
二.填空题.(每题3分,共15分)
11.16的算术平方根为________.
12.若点在y轴上,则点P的坐标为________.
13.某人在练习场上驾驶汽车,两次拐弯后的方向与原来的方向相反.则两次拐弯的角度可能是________.
①第一次左拐40°,第二次向右拐140° ②第一次左拐50°,第二次向右拐130°
③第一次左拐70°,第二次向右拐110° ④第一次左拐70°,第二次向左拐110°
14.当与互为相反数时,的值为________.
15.如图,直线,,,则________.
15题图
三.解答题.(本大题8小题,共75分)
16.(8分)计算:.
17.(8分)已知,,.
(1)在如图所示的直角坐标系中描上各点,画出三角形;
(2)将向下平移2个单位长度,再向左平移2个单位长度得到三角形,画出平移后的图形并写出、、的坐标.
18.(8分)将下列推理过程依据补充完整.
如图,已知平分,,
求证:平分
证明:∵平分(已知)
∴(角平分线的定义)
∵(已知)
∴(________________________________)
∴(等量代换)
∵(已知)
∴________________(________________________________)
∴(________________________________)
∴________________(等量代换)
∴平分(角平分线的定义)
19.(9分)已知,.
(1)已知x的值为4,求a的值及的平方根;
(2)如果一个正数的两个平方根分别是x和y,求这个数.
20.(10分)如图所示,已知,.
(1)求证:;
(2)若平分,于点F,,求的度数.
21.(10分)如图,直线与直线相交于点O,.
(1)的邻补角为________________(写一个即可);
(2)若,判断直线与的位置关系并说明理由;
(3)若,求的度数
22.(10分)在平面直角坐标系中,已知点.
(1)若点P到x轴的距离为9,求m的值及此时点P的坐标;
(2)若点P在过点,且与x轴平行的直线上,求点P的坐标.
23.(12分)如图①,点D、E、F分别在线段、、上,与相交于点G,与互补.
(1)写出的所有同位角________________;判断与的位置关系.并说明理由;
(2)如图②,连接,,过点G作于点H.点N是线段上一点,且.求证:平分;
(3)在(2)的条件下,若平分,请问的大小是否发生变化?若不变,请直接写出的度数;若改变,请说明理由.
2020-2021学年度第二学期其中考试卷参考答案
七年级数学
说明:
1.如果考生的解答与本参考答案提供的解法不同,可根据提供的解法的评分标准精神进行评分.
2.评阅试卷,要坚持每题评阅到底,不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅.如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误,影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度,视影响的程度决定对后面给分的多少,但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数之半.
3.评分标准中,如无特殊说明,均为累计给分.
4.评分过程中,只给整数分数.
一.选择题.(每题只有一个正确答案,每题3分,共30分)
题号 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
答案 | D | B | C | D | D | C | A | D | D | C |
二.填空题.(每题3分,共15分)
11.4 12. 13.④ 14.2 15.120°
三.解答题.(本大题8小题,共75分)
16.解:原式···························································(8分)
17.解:(1)如图·······················································(2分)
(2)如图····························································(5分)
,,································································(8分)
18.解:两直线平行,内错角相等
两直线平行,内错角相等
两直线平行,同位角相等
(括号内每空2分,其余每空1分)
19.解:(1)当时,,∴··················································(2分)
∴,∴2的平方根为·····················································(4分)
(2)依题意得:,即,∴···············································(7分)
∴这个数为···························································(9分)
20.解:(1)证明:∵,∴·················································(2分)
∴
∵,∴,
∴··································································(5分)
(2)∵,,
∴,∴······························································(7分)
∵,∴······························································(8分)
∵平分,
∴,
∴,∴······························································(10分)
21.解:(1)或························································(2分)
(2)·······························································(3分)
理由如下:∵,∴
又∵,∴····························································(5分)
∴··································································(6分)
(3)∵,∴
∵,∴······························································(8分)
∴··································································(10分)
22.解:(1)依题意得:···············································(1分)
解得:或-5···························································(3分)
点P的坐标为或························································(5分)
(2)若轴,点P与点A的纵坐标相等,即·····································(6分)
···································································(8分)
∴点P的坐标为························································(10分)
23.解:(l),·························································(2分)
···································································(3分)
理由如下:∵与互补,∴
∵,∴
∴··································································(6分)
(2),,∴
∴,∴······························································(8分)
∵,∴
∴平分······························································(9分)
(3)不变····························································(10分)
∵平分,∴
即
∵,∴
∵,∴······························································(11分)
∴,即······························································(12分)
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