人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection同步达标检测题

Unit3 Environmental Protection Period 1 Reading and Thinking课时练习

姓名：___________学号：_________得分：____________限时：45分

1. 单词填空。（每个1分，共10分）

1. In the foggy morning，the enemy r_____________ the workers from the awesome quarry. (释放)

2. Anyhow，you couldn’t let the company avoid  s_____________ losses of millions of dollars. （承受）

3. Buses run f_____________ between the city and the airline. （频繁地）

4. The concert will be b_____________ live tomorrow evening. （广播）

5. Speed is r _______________　 to 30 mph in towns. （被限制在……）

6. Seeing the pearl，he was s _____________ by curiosity.  (某种情绪侵袭；突然控制)

7. She thought she could r_____________ him. (使…洗心革面 )

8. We protested about the changes for a long time, but in the end we had to s_____________. (屈服)

9. It is my favorite a_____________，whose price is reasonable. (年刊)

10. This cleaner is also r_____________ for keeping the surrounding streets clean. (负责)

【答案】1. released   2. sustaining  3. frequently  4. broadcast  5.restricted  6. seized

7. reform  8. submit  9. annual  10. responsible

2. 短语填空。（每个2分，共10分）

1. ______________________________________ the results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.

2. She ___________________ a strange solid in her report.

3. ___________________ my whole family，I’d like to extend my sincere gratitude for your help.

4. She___________________ other people’s feelings.

5. The government has promised to _____________________to help the unemployment.

【答案】

1. There is little doubt that  2. referred to  3. On behalf of  4. is sensitive to  5. take measures

III.阅读理解。（每个2.5分）

A

While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life，global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.

When it comes to adaptation，it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least，the US National Climate Assessment says that：“There is no ‘one­size fits all’ adaptation.” Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.

Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways，especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rescan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not­for­profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries，schools，and health clinics，and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rescan is creating floating connectivity to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level：his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.

Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Morphed lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Narwhal’s inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Morphed calculates that he has stored about 200，000m3 of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Narwhal’s ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.

Increasing Earth's reflectiveness can cool the planet. In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally, and actually cooled the region. While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased. This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white, cities may slow down the warming process.

In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice. The outcome is still far from clear. But the World Bank has included the project on its list of “100 ideas to save the planet”．

More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping. But during the past decade declining rainfall has allowed him to plant highly profitable crops. Farmers in many countries are also adapting like this—either by growing new produce, or by growing the same things differently. This is common sense. But some suggestions for adapting are not. When the polluting industries argue that we've lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, it's a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.

Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in that way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.

1．The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies ________．

A．adaptation is an ever­changing process

B．the cost of adaptation varies with time

C．global warming affects adaptation forms

D．adaptation to climate change is challenging

2．What is special with regard to Rescan’s project?

A．The project receives government support.

B．Different organizations work with each other.

C．His organization makes the best of a bad situation.

D．The project connects flooded roads and highways.

3．What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?

A．Storing ice for future use.             B．Protecting the glaciers from melting.

C．Changing the irrigation time.          D．Postponing the melting of the glaciers.

4．What's the author's preferred solution to global warming?

A．Setting up a new standard.             B．Reducing carbon emission.

C．Adapting to climate change.            D．Monitoring polluting industries.

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界各地应对全球变暖的方法。

【答案】1--4.ACAB

1．词句猜测题。划线句句意为"并没有一种万全之策"，下一句的Nevertheless表示转折，再根据there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost．(有些行为提供了很多，但风险或成本很小)可知，没有放之四海而皆准的方法，即适应是根据具体情况而不断做出调整，而非一成不变，故选A项。

2．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Mohammed Rescan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. (穆罕默德•雷兹万看到了机会，而其他人只看到灾难)”以及该段其它内容可知，在洪水这一灾害面前，Rescan 看到了机遇，他充分利用不利的情况，故选C项。

3．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The loss of glaciers(冰川)there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture…Morphed’s inspiration come from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring.(由于全球变暖那里的冰川的消失对农业是一个巨大的威胁，Narwhal的灵感来自看到在冬天不需要水时水的浪费，他把浪费掉的水引进低洼的盆地，在那里水结冰，一直储存到春天) ”可知，“冰人”的减轻全球变暖的影响的方法是将冰储存起来，以备春天用，而这种方法并没有改变和保护冰川的融化和灌溉的时间，故排除B、C和D项。故选A项。

4.推理判断题。根据最后两句“But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in the way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.(但最明智的适应方式无疑是调整我们的能源系统，以减少碳污染的排放。毕竟，如果我们以这种方式适应，我们就可以避免很多其他方面的改变。）”可知，作者认为最合理的应对全球变暖的方法是以减少二氧化碳的排放，此举将避免在其他很多方面改变。故选B项。

B

    I work at a grocery store in Montreal's Plateau neighborhood, which gets a lot of regulars. On March 12, the Quebec government announced to close all public places to stop the spread of the pandemic (流行病) of coronavirus.

    The next day the store was the busiest I've ever seen. The six cash registers had to be kept open from 10 a. m. until close. It was nuts. I didn't have time to eat lunch, and whenever one of us on cash had to use the bathroom, we9d have to bring in a coworker off the floor to cover for us.

    Since then, the atmosphere in the store has been different. Customers are mostly considerate, but whenever someone coughs or sneezes, everyone turns around to make sure that person sneezed into their elbow. I've even seen customers come in wearing some strange get-ups. One guy even came in with a plastic Wal-Mart bag wrapped around his entire head, with a slit cut out for his eyes.

    A lot of my coworkers have left to avoid a public-facing job during the pandemic. Grocery store workers across Canada are putting their health at risk every time they come in to work, but a lot of us are still making close to minimum wage. I realized that I feel more exhausted than normal even though I'm working the same hours.

There still have been some moments of kindness in the midst of the chaos. I've overheard people talking on the phone who sounded as though they were organizing grocery deliveries for those stuck at home. And this past weekend a very nice lady thanked us for continuing to work. I know everyone is worried, but it's unless having the same scary conversations day after day. Instead, tell us a funny anecdote, or about something nice. We'll appreciate the distraction, and you'll make our day just a bit brighter.

【答案】6—9  D BAD

6.What does the author intend to show by " It was nuts." in paragraph 2?

A .The goods were in short supply.

B .The store was having a big sale.

C .The cashiers complained about their work.

D .The locals rushed to do shopping like crazy.

7.What does paragraph 3 convey about customers?

A .They like to shop here in disguise.

B .They are panicky about the disease.

C .They are more friendly to each other.

D .They have taken proper preventive measures.

8.Which of the following best describes the author?

A . Optimistic.    B . Talented.   C . Ambitious.   D . Efficient.

9.What is the best title for the text?

A .It is not work but worry that kills

B .Helping others is helping ourselves

C .Moments of kindness shine in a time of chaos

D .Here is what it's like working in the pandemic

【考点】推理判断题;主旨大意题;人物故事类;记叙文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者从一个杂货店员工的角度，讲述了新冠疫情爆发以来在店里目睹到的景象，有人们慌乱的反应，也有暖心的瞬间。

( 1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The next day the store was the busiest I've ever seen. The six cash registers had to be kept open from 10 a.m. until close”可知，商店当天顾客爆满，作者用这样的表达就是为了说明人们面对疫情惊慌失措、蜂拥而至前来购物的混乱场景。故选D。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Since then, the atmosphere in the store has been different”可知，疫情爆发后，整个商店里的气氛都变了。结合本段给出的人们对咳嗽、打喷嚏的人很敏感以及用购物袋包住头部的人都不难看出，人们对于疫情是感到恐慌的。故选B。

(3 ）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There still have been some moments of kindness in the midst of the chaos.”;以及“We'll appreciate the distraction, and you’ll make our day just a bit brighter”可知，作者处在新冠疫情的紧张气氛下，还是比较冷静的，也能关注到发生的一些美好的事情，同时对关心自己的人表示感激，应该是比较积极乐观的。故选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段“ I work at a grocery store in Montreal's Plateau neighborhood, which gets a lot of regulars. On March 12, the Quebec government announced to close all public places to stop the spread of the pandemic(流行病)of coronavirus”可知，作者身为杂货店的工作人员，本文讲述的就是新冠疫情下她在杂货店工作过程中的所见所闻，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

IV．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews

The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 1． But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.

When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?” 2．

Hit the streets with confidence. 3． Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.

Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested. Don’t get discouraged.

4． Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 5．

If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.

A. Limit your time.

B. As you approach people, be polite.

C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one.

D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.

E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.

F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.

G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.

【答案】DGBAF

【解析】本文主要讲述了如何进行街头采访。文中给了几个小贴士来帮助那些新记者更轻松的进行街头采访，比如采访前计划话题和问题，增强自己的信心，限制采访的时间等。

1.根据后一句“But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy."可知，以下这些小贴士会让你的采访很容易。“but”一词连接两句相反的句意，故可推测，空白处会写

街道采访是件很困难的事。结合选项,故选D

⒉.根据前文"think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it."可知，本段讲的是在采访前需要想好话题以及和话题相关的问题，空白处前一句是一个问题，关键词“questions”，结合选项，故选G

3.根据此段“Excuse me...This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you."可知，在上街去采别人时，不仅要有信心还要有礼貌，这是一个能快速温暖自己的方法。结合选项，故选B

4.据后一句“Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t’t 't be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need move on to the next person”可知，每次面试，你在街上不应该超过十分钟。一旦你得到你需要的答案，就转到下一个人。可推测你采访的时候要控制好自己的时间。结合选项，故选A

5.根据前文"Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers"可知，当你采访的时候，你要尽量得到多种多样的答案。关键词“answers"，空白处又提到“A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten”进行采访的安全人数大约是六到十人。关键词“number of interviews"。结合选项。故选F