2021年高考英语二轮专题复习《阅读理解》15(含答案)

这是一份2021年高考英语二轮专题复习《阅读理解》15(含答案)，共13页。


Three Bys and a Dad
Brad clsed the dr slwly as Sue left hme t visit her mther.Expecting a whle day t relax,he was thinking whether t read the newspaper r watch his favurite TV talk shw n his first day ff in mnths.“This will be like a walk in the park,”he’d tld his wife.“I’ll lk after the kids,and yu can g visit yur mm.”
Things started well,but just after eight ’clck,his three little “gd kids”—Mike,Randy,and Alex—came dwn the stairs in their night clthes and shuted “breakfast,daddy.”When fd had nt appeared within thirty secnds,Randy began using his spn n Alex’s head as if it were a drum.Alex started t shut ludly in time t the beat(节拍).Mike chanted “Where’s my tast,where’s my tast” in the backgrund.Brad realised his newspaper wuld have t wait fr a few secnds.
Life became wrse after breakfast.Mike wre Randy’s underwear n his head.Randy lcked himself in the bathrm,while Alex shuted again because he was ging t wet his pants.Nbdy culd find clean scks,althugh they were befre their very eyes.Smene named “Nt Me” had spilled a whle glass f range juice int the basket f clean clthes.Brad knew the talk shw had already started.
By ten ’clck,things were ut f cntrl.Alex was wndering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter.Mike was trying t shw ff his talent by decrating the kitchen wall with his clur pencils.Randy,thankfully,appeared t be reading quietly in the family rm,but clser examinatin shwed that he was eating apple jam straight frm the bttle with his hands.Brad realised that the talk shw was ver and reading wuld be impssible.
At exactly 11:17,Brad called the daycare centre(日托所).“I suddenly have t g int wrk and my wife’s away.Can I bring the bys ver in a few minutes?”The answer was bviusly “yes” because Brad was smiling.
（1）When his wife left hme,Brad expected t .
A.g ut fr a walk in the park
B.watch TV talk shw with his children
C.enjy his first day ff wrk
D.read the newspaper t his children
（2）Which f the fllwing did Randy d?
A.Drawing n the wall.
B.Eating apple jam.
C.Feeding the fish.
D.Reading in a rm.
（3）Why did Brad ask the daycare centre fr help?
A.Because he wanted t clean up his huse.
B.Because he suddenly had t g t his ffice.
C.Because he fund it hard t manage his bys.
D.Because he had t take his wife back hme.
（4）This text is develped .
A.by space B.by cmparisn C.by prcess D.by time
B

Stnehenge, the wrld-famus circle f stne clumns may 1（2） have had a brther. A much bigger, lder brther.
University f Bradfrd researchers annunced they had discvered abut 100 stnes cvering several acres thught t have been built arund 4,500 years ag. The Stnehenge Hidden Landscapes Prject discvered the mnument, which is near Durringtn Walls, als knwn as “ superhenge”. Stnehenge, which is believed t have been cmpleted 3,500 years ag, is abut 2 miles away. "What we are starting t see is the largest surviving stne mnument, preserved underneath a bank, that has ever been discvered in Britain and pssibly in Eurpe,” said Vince Gaffney.
The evidence was fund under 3 feet f earth. Sme f the stnes are thught t have std 15 feet tall befre they were tppled. "Our radar data have shwn an amazing rw f up t 90 standing stnes, a number f which have survived after being pushed ver, and a large bank placed ver the stnes," said prfessr Wlfgang Neubauer, directr f the Ludwig Bltzmann Institute fr Archaelgical Prspectin and Virtual Archaelgy.
“ In the east,up t 30 stnes ... have survived belw,” he said. “The extrardinary scale and details f the evidence prduced by the Stnehenge Hidden Landscapes Prject, which the new discveries at Durringtn Walls, is changing fundamentally(根本上) ur understanding f Stnehenge and the wrld arund it," Neubauer added.
"Everything written befre abut the Stnehenge landscape and the ancient mnuments within it will need t be rewritten,” said Paul Garwd, a scientist and lead histrian n the prject at the University f Birmingham. The findings were annunced n the first day f the British Science Festival being held at the University f Bradfrd.
（1）It is believed that the superhenge is _________ earlier than the Stnehenge.
A.1,000 years B.2,500 years C.3,500 years D.4,500 years
（2）What d researchers think f the superhenge?
A.It is the biggest mnument discvered in the wrld.
B.It was built much later than the Stnehenge.
C.It is the largest surviving stne mnument fund in England.
D.It is better prtected than the Stnehenge.
（3）What d the underlined wrd “tppled” mst prbably mean?
A.Set up. B.Pushed dwn. C.Mved away. D.Brught up.
（4）What is the best title f the passage?
A.The suthern England has many histric sites
B.The British Science Festival will be held again
C.Bigger Brther t Stnehenge has been discvered
D.The Prject at the University f Birmingham
C

Chinese scientists recently have prduced tw mnkeys with the same gene, Zhng Zhng and Hua Hua, using the same technique that gave us Dlly the sheep. These mnkeys are nt actually the first primates（灵长类）t be clned. Anther ne named Tetra was prduced in the late 1990s by embry（胚胎）splitting, the divisin f an early-stage embry int tw r fur separate cells t make clnes. By cntrast, they were each made by replacing an egg cell nucleus（原子核）with DNA frm a differentiated bdy cell. This Dlly methd, knwn as smatic cell nuclear transfer（SCNT）, can create mre clnes and allws researchers greater cntrl ver the edits they make t the DNA.
Success came frm adpting several new techniques. These included a new type f micrscpy t better view the cells during handling r using several materials that encurage cell reprgramming, which hadn’t been tried befre n primates. Still, the research prcess prved difficult, and many attempts by the team failed. Just tw healthy baby mnkeys brn frm mre than 60 tested mthers. This leads t many researchers’ puring water n the idea that the team’s results bring scientists clser t clning humans. They thught this wrk is nt a stepping stne t establishing methds fr btaining live brn human clnes. Instead, this clearly remains a very flish thing t attempt, it wuld be far t inefficient, far t unsafe, and it is als pintless.
But the scientists invlved emphasize that this is nt their gal. There is nw n barrier fr clning primate species, thus clning humans is clser t reality. Hwever, their research purpse is entirely fr prducing nn-human primate mdels fr human diseases; they abslutely have n intentin, and sciety will nt permit this wrk t be extended t humans. Despite limitatins, they treat this breakthrugh a nvel mdel system fr scientists studying human bilgy and disease.
（1）What d we knw abut the technlgy called SCNT?
A. It created the first tw primates.
B. It may cntribute t editing the DNA.
C. It can divide an early-stage embry int several cells.
D. It prduced tw clned mnkeys with different genes.
（2）What des the authr mean by “puring water n the idea” in paragraph 2?
A. Keeping a ht tpic f it.
B. Having a lw pinin f it.
C. Attaching n imprtance t it.
D. Adding supprtive evidence t it.
（3）What is the scientists’ purpse t clne these mnkeys?
A. T help with the study f human diseases.
B. T serve as a stepping stne t their reputatin.
C. T prepare fr their research n human clning.
D. T raise mney fr hlding an exhibitin f nvels.
（4）What can we infer frm the passage?
A. New techniques seem t be pintless.
B. Clning humans is already n its way.
C. Sciety wn’t agree t clne anther mnkey.
D. The success rate f clning a mnkey was nt high.
D

We may think we're a culture that gets rid f ur wrn technlgy at the first sight f smething shiny and new, but a new study shws that we keep using ur ld devices(装置) well after they g ut f style. That’s bad news fr the envirnment — and ur wallets — as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the newer nes that d the same things.
T figure ut hw much pwer these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her clleagues at the Rchester Institute f Technlgy in New Yrk tracked the envirnmental csts fr each prduct thrughut its life — frm when its minerals are mined t when we stp using the device. This methd prvided a readut fr hw hme energy use has evlved since the early 1990s. Devices were gruped by generatin. Desktp cmputers, basic mbile phnes, and bx-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived n the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phnes, and LCD TVs entered hmes in 2002, befre tablets and e-readers shwed up in 2007.
As we accumulated mre devices, hwever, we didn't thrw ut ur ld nes. “The living-rm televisin is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ rm, and suddenly ne day, yu have a TV in every rm f the huse,” said ne researcher. The average number f electrnic devices rse frm fur per husehld in 1992 t 13 in 2007. We’re nt just keeping these ld devices — we cntinue t use them. Accrding t the analysis f Babbitt's team, ld desktp mnitrs and bx TVs with cathde ray tubes are the wrst devices with their energy cnsumptin and cntributin t greenhuse gas emissins（排放）mre than dubling during the 1992 t 2007 windw.
S what's the slutin（解决方案）? The team's data nly went up t 2007, but the researchers als explred what wuld happen if cnsumers replaced ld prducts with new electrnics that serve mre than ne functin, such as a tablet fr wrd prcessing and TV viewing. They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.
（1）What des the authr think f new devices?
A. They are envirnment-friendly.
B. They are n better than the ld.
C. They cst mre t use at hme.
D. They g ut f style quickly.
（2）Why did Babbitt's team cnduct the research?
A. T reduce the cst f minerals.
B. T test the life cycle f a prduct.
C. T update cnsumers n new technlgy.
D. T find ut electricity cnsumptin f the devices.
（3）Which f the fllwing uses the least energy?
A. The bx-set TV.
B. The tablet.
C. The LCD TV.
D. The desktp cmputer.
（4）What des the text suggest peple d abut ld electrnic devices?
A. Stp using them.
B. Take them apart.
C. Upgrade them.
D. Recycle them.
E

Find Yur Adventure at the Space and Aviatin (航空) Center
If yu’re lking fr a unique adventure, the Space and Aviatin Center (SAC) is the place t be. The Center ffers prgrams designed t challenge and inspire with hands-n tasks and lts f fun.
Mre than 750,000 have graduated frm SAC, with many seeking emplyment in engineering, aviatin, educatin, medicine and a wide variety f ther prfessins. They cme t camp, wanting t knw what it is like t be an astrnaut r a pilt, and they leave with real-wrld applicatins fr what they’re studying in the classrm.
Fr the trainees, the prgrams als ffer a great way t earn merit badges (荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Explratin badge as they build and fire mdel rckets, learn abut space tasks and try simulated (模拟) flying t space with the crew frm all ver the wrld. The Aviatin Challenge prgram gives trainees the chance t earn their Aviatin badge. They learn the principles f flight and test their perating skills in the cckpit (驾驶舱) f a variety f flight simulatrs. Trainees als get a gd start n their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn abut water-survival and land-survival thrugh designed tasks and their search and rescue f “dwned” pilt.
With all the prgrams, teamwrk is key as trainees learn the imprtance f leadership and being part f a bigger task.
All this fun is available fr ages 9 t 18. Families can enjy the experience tgether, t, with Family Camp prgrams fr families with children as yung as 7.
Stay an hur r stay a week — there is smething here fr everyne!
Fr mre details, please visit us nline at
（1）Why d peple cme t SAC?
A. T experience adventures.
B. T lk fr jbs in aviatin.
C. T get a degree in engineering.
D. T learn mre abut medicine.
（2）T earn a Space Explratin badge, a trainee needs t .
A. fly t space
B. get an Aviatin badge first
C. study the principles f flight
D. build and fire mdel rckets
（3）What is the mst imprtant fr trainees?
A. Leadership.B. Team spirit.
C. Task planning.D. Survival skills.
F
阅读下面的短文，完成下列各题：
Cities usually have a gd reasn fr being where they are, like a nearby prt r river. Peple settle in these places because they are easy t get t and naturally suited t cmmunicatins and trade. New Yrk City, fr example, is near a large harbur at the muth f the Hudsn River. Over 300 years its ppulatin grew gradually frm 800 peple t 8 millin. But nt all cities develp slwly ver a lng perid f time. Bm twns grw frm nthing almst vernight. In 1896, Dawsn, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野). But gld was discvered there in 1897, and tw years later, it was ne f the largest cities in the West, with a ppulatin f 30,000.
Dawsn did nt have any f the natural cnveniences f cities like Lndn r Paris. Peple went there fr gld. They travelled ver snwcvered muntains and sailed hundreds f miles up icy rivers. The path t Dawsn was cvered with thirty feet f wet snw that culd fall withut warming. An avalanche (雪崩) nce clsed the path, killing 63 peple. Fr many wh made it t Dawsn, hwever, the rewards were wrth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 peple wh dug fr gld, 4,000 gt rich. Abut 100 f these stayed rich men fr the rest f their lives.
But n matter hw rich they were, Dawsn was never cmfrtable. Necessities like fd and wd were very expensive. But sn, the gld that Dawsn depended n had all been fund. The city was crwded with disappinted peple with n interest in settling dwn, and when they heard there were new gld discveries in Alaska, they left Dawsn City as quickly as they had cme. Tday, peple still cme and g—t see where the Canadian gld rush happened. Turism is nw the chief industry f Dawsn City—its present ppulatin is 762.
（1）What attracted the early settlers t New Yrk City?
A．Its business culture.
B．Its small ppulatin.
C．Its gegraphical psitin.
D．Its favurable climate.
（2）What d we knw abut thse wh first dug fr gld in Dawsn?
A．Twthirds f them stayed there.
B．One ut f five peple gt rich.
C．Almst everyne gave up.
D．Half f them died.
（3）What was the main reasn fr many peple t leave Dawsn?
A．They fund the city t crwded.
B．They wanted t try their luck elsewhere.
C．They were unable t stand the winter.
D．They were shrt f fd.
（4）What is the text mainly abut?
A．The rise and fall f a city.
B．The gld rush in Canada.
C．Jurneys int the wilderness.
D．Turism in Dawsn.
G

Larry was n anther f his underwater expeditins(探险)but this time, it was different. He decided t take his daughter alng with him. She was nly ten years ld. This wuld be her first trip with her father n what he had always been famus fr.
Larry first began diving when he was his daughter’s age. Similarly, his father had taken him alng n ne f his expeditins. Since then, he had never lked back. Larry started ut by renting diving suits frm the small diving shp just alng the shre. He had hated them. They were either t big r t small. Then, there was the instructr. He gave him a shrt lessn befre allwing him int the water with his father. He had made an exceptin. Larry wuld never have been able t g dwn withut at least five hurs f thery and anther similar number f hurs n practical lessns with a guide. Children his age were nt even allwed t dive.
After the first expeditin, Larry’s later diving adventures nly gt better and better. There was never a dull mment. In his black and blue suit and with an xygen tank fastened n his back, Larry dived frm bats int the middle f the cean. Dangerus areas did nt prevent him frm cntinuing his search. Smetimes, he was limited t a cage underwater but that did nt bther him. At least, he was still able t take phtgraphs f the underwater creatures.
Larry’s first expeditin withut his father was in the Cayman Islands.There were numerus diving spts in the area and Larry was determined t visit all f them.Frtunately fr him,a man ffered t take him arund the different spts fr free.Larry did nt even knw what the time was,hw many spts he dived int r hw many phtgraphs he had taken.The diving spts affrded such a wide array f fish and sea creatures that Larry saw mre than thirty varieties f creatures.
Larry lked at his daughter.She lked as excited as he had been when he was her age.He hped she wuld be able t cntinue the family traditin.Already,she lked like she was much braver than Larry had been then.This was the key t a successful underwater expeditin.
（1）In what way was this expeditin different fr Larry?
A.His daughter had grwn up.
B.He had becme a famus diver.
C.His father wuld dive with him.
D.His daughter wuld dive with him.
（2）What can be inferred frm Paragraph 2?
A.Larry had sme privileges.
B.Larry liked the rented diving suits.
C.Divers had t buy diving equipment.
D.Ten-year-ld children were permitted t dive.
（3）Why did Larry have t stay in a cage underwater smetimes?
A.T prtect himself frm danger.
B.T dive int the deep water.
C.T admire the underwater view.
D.T take phts mre cnveniently.
（4）What can be learned frm the underlined sentence?
A.Larry didn’t wear a watch.
B.Larry was nt gd at math.
C.Larry had a pr memry.
D.Larry enjyed the adventure.
（5）What did Larry expect his daughter t d?
A.Becme a successful diver.
B.Make a gd diving guide.
C.Take a lt f phts underwater.
D.Have lnger hurs f training.
H

Assistant prfessr in Musical Theatre Dance
Wichita State University seeks a full-time, 9-mnth assistant prfessr, beginning in August. Applicants are required t have a degree in dance area, teaching experience at a prfessinal r cllege level, ability t direct and teach stage mvement. The salary depends n qualificatins and experience.
Fr cmplete infrmatin visit http: //
Full Prfessr in Theatre and Dance
The Department f Theatre and Dance at the University f Califrnia at San Dieg (http: //www. theatre, ucsd.edu) is seeking an experienced theatre artist in lighting design. Applicants must wrk fr us fr at least ne year. Significant prfessinal experience is required. This psitin is expected t teach at bth graduate and undergraduate levels.
A review f applicatins will start n June 1st. Applicatin deadline: September 1st.
Technical Directr in Perfrming and Fine Arts
DeSales University’s Perfrming and Fine Arts Department seeks a highly skilled, prfessinal technical directr. The psitin is a 10-mnth staff psitin with the pssibility f summer emplyment with the Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival. Prfessinal experience is required; MFA is preferred.
Please email materials t Screening f applicatins begins immediately and will cntinue until the psitin is filled.
Assistant Directr f Media Resurces Center
Maryland Institute Cllege f Art is seeking an assistant directr f Media Resurces Center in the Academic Affairs Divisin. Qualificatins fr the psitin include a degree in Art Histry r related fields with knwledge f art and design histry, library experience, excellent interpersnal cmmunicatin skills and familiarity with phtshp and scanning.
A review f applicatins will begin immediately; jb annuncements will remain pen until the psitin is filled. Applicants are required t wrk fr us at least 11 mnths and can send emails t jbs mica.edu. The salary differs depending n yur experience. Please include yur desired salary in yur applicatin letter.
（1）If an applicant has 9.5-mnth free time, he r she can pay clse attentin t the ad f ________.
Assistant Prfessr in Musical Theatre Dance
Full Prfessr in Theatre and Dance
Technical Directr in Perfrming and Fine Arts
Assistant Directr f Media Resurces Center
（2）If yu have excellent interpersnal cmmunicatin skills, yu can apply t ________.
Wichita State University
the University f Califrnia
Maryland Institute Cllege f Art
DeSales University
（3）Accrding t the advertisements, we can learn that ________.
A. all the jb annuncements will remain pen until the psitins are filled
B. all the jbs mentined abve prmise a gd salary
C. all the reviews f applicatins will begin immediately
D. all the jbs mentined in the text require experience
\s 0 参考答案
【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文讲述了三个孩子和爸爸的故事;爸爸Brad放假了,想在家放松,休息一天,看看报纸或者看他喜欢的电视谈话节目,可是三个孩子让他不得安宁,最后不得不给日托所打电话,让他们把孩子接走。
（1）【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段Brad clsed the dr slwly as Sue left hme t visit her mther. Expecting a whle day t relax,he was thinking whether t read the newspaper r watch his favurite TV talk shw n his first day ff in mnths.可知答案。
（2）【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段Randy, thankfully, appeared t be reading quietly in the family rm,but clser examinatin shwed that he was eating apple jam...可知Randy 看上去好像在客厅里安静地看书,但是仔细检查后发现他正在吃苹果酱……要注意but 后面的才是Randy 所做的。
（3）【解析】选C。推理判断题。从第四段中By ten ’clck, things were ut f cntrl.以及第五段,爸爸受不了了,给日托所打电话。所以爸爸给日托所打电话是因为他控制不了孩子们了。
（4）【解析】选D。逻辑结构题。从第二段开头Things started well, but just after eight ’clck...和第三段Life became wrse after breakfast;第四段By ten ’clck, things were ut f cntrl.以及第五段At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre.由此可知文章是按时间顺序来安排的。
【长难句分析】Randy, thankfully, appeared t be reading quietly in the family rm, but clser examinatin shwed that he was eating apple jam straight frm the bttle with his hands.
分析：此句是由but 引导的一个并列句。that he was eating apple jam straight frm the bttle with his hands 是shwed 后面的宾语从句。appeared t be ding“似乎正在做某事”,往往与事实不符。clser examinatin“仔细一检查”; apple jam“苹果酱”。
译文：幸好,兰迪好像正在客厅里安静地看书,但是仔细一瞧发现他正在用手直接从瓶子里抓苹果酱吃呢。
答案及解析：
答案：（1）A; （2）C; （3）B; （4）C
解析：
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“ t have been built arund 4,500 years ag. ” 和第二段第三句中的which is believed t have been cmpleted 3,500 years ag”可知,超级巨石阵比巨石阵早了1000年。
（2）细节理解题.根据第二段中的“... is the largest surviving stne mnument... that has ever been discvered in Britain and pssibly in Eurpe” 可知,C项与题意相符。
（3）词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“Sme f the stnes are thught t have std 15 feet tall befre they were..." 中的t have std可推断,该词应该是“倒塌;使倒塌” 的意思,所以选B项。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“ have had a brther. A much bigger, lder brther. ”可知,文章主要讲述的是巨石阵还有一个“大哥哥”的事情,故选C项。

【参考答案】（1）B；（2）B；（3）A；（4）D
【解析】本文是一篇科普类的文章。被称作SCNT的高科技可能有助于编辑DNA。本文中科学家们克隆这些猴子的目的是帮助研究人类疾病。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句This Dlly methd, knwn as smatic cell nuclear transfer（SCNT）, can create mre clnes and allws researchers greater cntrl ver the edits they make t the DNA.可知，SCNT可能有助于编辑DNA。故B项正确。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段中Still, the research prcess prved difficult, and many attempts by the team failed. Just tw healthy baby mnkeys brn frm mre than 60 tested mthers. This leads t many researchers’ puring water n the idea that the team’s results bring scientists clser t clning humans.可知在第二段中“puring water n the idea”的意思是“对它的评价很低。”故B项正确。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中Hwever, their research purpse is entirely fr prducing nn-human primate mdels fr human diseases; they abslutely have n intentin, and sciety will nt permit this wrk t be extended t humans.可知，科学家们克隆这些猴子的目的是帮助研究人类疾病。故A项正确。
（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句They thught this wrk is nt a stepping stne t establishing methds fr btaining live brn human clnes. Instead, this clearly remains a very flish thing t attempt, it wuld be far t inefficient, far t unsafe, and it is als pintless.和最后一段最后一句Despite limitatins, they treat this breakthrugh a nvel mdel system fr scientists studying human bilgy and disease.可知，克隆一只猴子的成功率并不高。故D项正确。
【参考答案】（1）A；（2）D；（3）B；（4）A
【解析】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章讲述了新旧电子设备的差别，旧电子设备耗能高，不环保。所以作者主张使用新电子设备。
（1）观点态度题。根据文章第一段中的That’s bad news fr the envirnment — and ur wallets — as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the newer nes that d the same things.可知，使用旧的电子设备对环境和我们的钱包都是坏消息。这些过时的设备做相同的事情要消耗比新设备更多的能量。由此推知作者认为新电子设备环保、节能。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的T figure ut hw much pwer these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her clleagues at the Rchester Institute f Technlgy in New Yrk tracked the envirnmental csts fr each prduct thrughut its life 可知，Babbitt’s team研究的目的是弄清楚这些设备用了多少电。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.可知，平板电脑是耗能最少的电子设备，可以降低44%的耗能。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章的整体内容可知，因为旧的电子设备耗能高，不环保。所以作者建议停止使用旧的电子设备。故选A。
【参考答案】（1）A；（2）D；（3）B
【解析】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章主要从辉煌历史、学习内容和招收成员的要求三个方面介绍了SAC（宇航中心）的培训项目。
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“If yu’re lking fr a unique adventure, the Space and Aviatin Center (SAC) is the place t be.”可知，SAC可以提供独一无二的冒险经历。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Explratin badge as they build and fire mdel rckets, learn abut space tasks and try simulated (模拟) flying t space with the crew frm all ver the wrld.”可知，要想获得太空探险徽章需要建造和发射火箭模型，学习空间任务，尝试与飞行员模拟太空飞行等。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段“With all the prgrams, teamwrk is key as trainees learn the imprtance f leadership and being part f a bigger task.”可知，团队合作是受训者最重要的素质。故选B。
答案为：C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一、二句，并结合关键信息第三句“New Yrk City, fr example, is near a large harbur at the muth f the Hudsn River.”可知，纽约吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置，故C正确。
B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句“Of the first 20,000 peple wh dug fr gld, 4,000 gt rich.”可知，在最初挖黄金的两万人中有4,000人变富有，所以是五分之一的人变富了，故B正确。
B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第四句中的“... and when they heard there were new gld discveries in Alaska, they left Dawsn City as quickly as they had cme”可知，人们离开Dawsn的主要原因是听说在Alaska发现了黄金，也就是他们要去别的地方寻找发财的机会。故B正确。
A 主旨大意题。第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，引出Dawsn这一城市的兴起，第二段介绍了该城市兴起的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及该城市现在的状况，所以全文叙说了Dawsn这个城市的兴衰。故A正确。
【参考答案】
【文章大意】Larry带着他10岁大的女儿到海底探险,并回顾了Larry自己在女儿这个年龄时他的父亲带他去海底探险的经历。他希望女儿能继承他的家族传统,因为女儿有“勇敢”这一海底探险成功的关键要素。
（1）【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句可知应选D。
（2）【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段的He had made an his age were nt even allwed t dive.他这个年龄段的孩子是不准跳水的,可知他得到了特权。
（3）【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段Dangerus areas did nt prevent him frm cntinuing his search.可知他待在笼子里是为了保护自己,避免危险。
（4）【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段There were numerus diving spts in the area and Larry was determined t visit all f them. Frtunately fr him,a man ffered t take him arund the different spts fr free.可知他到了许多地方,非常喜爱冒险。
（5）【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段He hped she wuld be able t cntinue the family traditin.可知选A。
【参考答案】
【语篇解析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四则招聘广告“Assistant prfessr in Musical Theatre Dance”、“Full Prfessr in Theatre and Dance”、“Technical Directr in Perfrming and Fine Arts”、“Assistant Directr f Media Resurces Center”涉及对应聘者的具体要求等信息。
（1）A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一则招聘启事 “Assistant prfessr in Musical Theatre Dance Wichita State University seeks a full-time, 9-mnth assistant prfessr, beginning in August.”可知这则启事要招聘一位助理教授，要求有9个月的工作时间。与题干中 “an applicant has 9.5-mnth free time”的时间要求基本一致。所以选择A项。
（2）C
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一则广告第二段 “Qualificatins fr the psitin include a degree in Art Histry r related fields with knwledge f art and design histry, library experience, excellent interpersnal cmmunicatin skills and familiarity with phtshp and scanning.”可知，Maryland Institute Cllege f Art所提供的这一职位要求应聘者有很好的人际交流技巧，与题干中信息一致，故C项正确。
（3）D
【解析】细节理解题。根据 “The salary depends n qualificatins and experience”、“Significant prfessinal experience is required”、“Prfessinal experience is required; MFA is preferred”和“r related fields with knwledge f art and design histry, library experience”可知四则招聘所提供的职位都要求应聘者有相关的工作经验。故D项正确。