2021年高考英语二轮专题复习《阅读理解》07(含答案)

这是一份2021年高考英语二轮专题复习《阅读理解》07(含答案)，共11页。试卷主要包含了25等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A

It was a winter mrning，just a cuple f weeks befre Christmas 2005.While mst peple were warming up their cars，Trevr，my husband，had t get up early t ride his bike fur kilmeters away frm hme t wrk.On arrival，he parked his bike utside the back dr as he usually des.After putting in 10 hurs f labr，he returned t find his bike gne.
The bike，a black Kna 18 speed，was ur nly transprt.Trevr used it t get t wrk，putting in 60-hur weeks t supprt his yung family.And the bike was als used t get grceries (食品杂货)，saving us frm having t walk alng lng distances frm where we live.
I was s sad that smene wuld steal ur bike that I wrte t the newspaper and tld them ur stry.Shrtly after that，several peple in ur area ffered t help.One wnderful stranger even bught a bike，then called my husband t pick it up.Once again my husband had a way t get t and frm his jb.It really is an hnr that a cmplete stranger wuld g ut f their way fr smene they have never met befre.
Peple say that a smile can be passed frm ne persn t anther， but acts f kindness frm strangers are even mre s.This experience has had a spreading effect in ur lives because it strengthened ur faith in humanity (人性) as a whle.And it has influenced us t be mre mindful f ways we， t， can share with thers.N matter hw big r hw small， an act f kindness shws that smene cares.And the results can be everlasting.
（1）Why was the bike s imprtant t the cuple?
A.They used it fr wrk and daily life.
B.It was their nly pssessin (财产).
C.It was a nice Kna 18 speed.
D.The man‘s jb was bike racing.
（2）We can infer frm the passage that __________.
A.the cuple wrked 60 hurs a week
B.peple were busy befre Christmas
C.the stranger brught ver the bike
D.life was hard fr the yung family
（3）Hw did peple get t knw the cuple‘s prblem?
A.Frm a stranger.
B.Frm a newspaper.
C.Frm TV news
D.Frm radi bradcasts.
（4）What d the cuple learn frm their experience?
A.Strangers are usually f little help.
B.One shuld take care f their bike.
C.News reprts make peple famus.
D.An act f kindness can mean a lt.
（5）Frm this stry， we can see humanity is __________.
A.selfish B.cmmercial C.kind D.cld-hearted
B

In a recent annuncement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) said that they have jined frces t ffer free nline curses in an effrt t attract millins f nline learners wrldwide.
Beginning this fall, a number f curses develped by teachers at bth universities will be ffered nline thrugh a new $60 millin prgram, knwn as edX. “Anyne with an Internet cnnectin anywhere in the wrld can use ur nline curses,” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting t annunce the plan.
MIT has ffered a prgram called Open Curse Ware fr ten years that makes materials frm mre than 2,000 classes free nline. It has been used by mre than 100 millin peple. In December, the schl annunced it als wuld begin ffering a special certificate, knwn as MITx, fr peple wh cmplete certain nline curses. Harvard has lng ffered curses t a wider ppulatin thrugh a similar prgram.
The MITx will serve as the fundatin fr the new learning platfrm.
MIT President Susan Hckfield said mre than 120,000 peple signed up fr the first MITx curse. She said Harvard and MIT hpe ther universities will jin them in ffering curses n the pen-surce edX platfrm.
“Fasten yur seatbelts,” Hckfield said.
Other universities, including Stanfrd, Yale and Carnegie-Melln, have been experimenting with teaching t a glbal ppulatin nline.
The Harvard-MIT prgram will be mnitred by a nt-fr-prfit (非盈利的) rganizatin based in Cambridge, t be wned equally by the tw universities. Bth MIT and Harvard have prvided $30 millin t start the prgram. They als plan t use the edX platfrm t research hw students learn and which teaching methds and tls are mst successful.
（1）Accrding t this text, edX is _______.
A.a part f the free MIT OpenCurseWare
B.a free cmputer prgram by MIT and Harvard
C.a Harvard-MIT platfrm f free nline curses
D.a free prgram nline fr universities wrldwide
（2）What is said abut nline educatin in the text?
A.Universities have been trying nline curses.
B.Abut 2,000 nline curses have been ffered.
C.Over 100 millin peple have finished curses nline.
D.Stanfrd and Yale tgether have curses similar t edX.
（3）The underlined part in the text prbably means _____.
A.Get ready fr the difficulties
B.Get ready fr this educatinal change
C.Get prepared t cmplete the nline curses
D.Get prepared t make materials fr the edX curses
（4）What can be said abut MITx accrding t the text?
A.It is first ffered as part f the edX learning prgram.
B.It is anther free MIT-Harvard nline learning prgram.
C.It is a standard t recgnize nline learners’ achievement.
D.It is a new kind f free nline curse f Harvard and MIT.
C

When I tld my father that I was mving t Des Mines,Iwa,he tld me abut the nly time he had been there.It was in the 1930s,when he was an editr f the literary magazine f Suthern Methdist University(SMU)in Dallas,Texas.He als wrked as a prfessr at SMU,and there was a girl student in his class wh suffered frm a serius back disease.She culdn’t affrd the peratin because her family was pr.
Her mther ran a bardinghuse in Galvestn,a seaside twn near Hustn,Texas.She was cleaning ut the attic(阁楼)ne day when she came acrss an ld dusty manuscript(手稿).On its tp page were the wrds,“By O.Henry.”It was a nice stry,and she sent it t her daughter at SMU,wh shwed it t my father.My father had never read the stry befre,but it sunded like O.Henry,and he knew that O.Henry had nce lived in Hustn.S it was pssible that the famus authr had gne t the beach and stayed in the Galvestn bardinghuse,and had written the stry there and left the manuscript behind by accident.My father visited an O.Henry expert at Clumbia University in New Yrk,wh authenticated the stry as O.Henry’s.
My father then set ut t sell it.Eventually,he fund himself in Des Mines,meeting with Gardner Cwles,a tp editr at the Des MinesRegister.Cwles lved the stry and bught it n the spt.My father tk the mney t the girl.It was just enugh fr her t have the peratin she s desperately needed.
My father never tld me what the O.Henry stry was abut.But I dubt that it culd have been better than his wn stry.
（1）Wh fund the O.Henry’s manuscript?
A.The girl’s mther.
B.The authr’s father.
C.The girl.
D.The authr.
（2）Which f the fllwing might explain the fact that the manuscript was fund in the attic?
nce wrked in Hustn.
nce stayed in Galvestn.
nce mved t Des Mines.
nce taught at SMU.
（3）The underlined wrd“authenticated”in Paragraph 2 prbably means .
A.named B.treated C.prved D.described
（4）Accrding t the text,why did the authr’s father g t Des Mines?
A.T sell the O.Henry stry.
B.T meet the authr himself.
C.T talk with the O.Henry expert.
D.T give mney t the girl.
D
阅读下面的短文，完成下列各题：
Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts. The micrrganisms (微生物) frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week. Hw is NASA vercming this very tiny big prblem? It's turning t a bunch f high schl kids. But nt just any kids. It is depending n NASA HUNCH high schl classrms, like the ne science teachers Gene Grdn and Dnna Himmelberg lead at Fairprt High Schl in Fairprt, New Yrk.
HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers. Fr the past tw years, Grdn's students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they're clse t a slutin (解决方案). “We dn't give the students any breaks. They have t d it just like NASA engineers，” says Flrence Gld, a prject manager.
“There are n tests，” Grdn says. “There is n graded hmewrk. There almst are n grades, ther than‘Are yu wrking twards yur gal？’ Basically, it's ‘I've gt t prduce this prduct and then, at the end f the year, present it t NASA.’Engineers cme and really d an inpersn review, and ... it's nt a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review f yur prduct.”
Grdn says the HUNCH prgram has an impact (影响) n cllege admissins and practical life skills. “These kids are s absrbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dn't teach.” And that annying bacteria? Grdn says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers abut the prblem, readying a wrkable slutin t test in space.
（1）What d we knw abut the bacteria in the Internatinal Space Statin?
A．They are hard t get rid f.
B．They lead t air pllutin.
C．They appear in different frms.
D．They damage the instruments.
（2）What is the purpse f the HUNCH prgram?
A．T strengthen teacherstudent relatinships.
B．T sharpen students' cmmunicatin skills.
C．T allw students t experience zer gravity.
D．T link space technlgy with schl educatin.
（3）What d the NASA engineers d fr the students in the prgram?
A．Check their prduct.
B．Guide prject designs.
C．Adjust wrk schedules.
D．Grade their hmewrk.
（4）What is the best title fr the text?
A．NASA: The Hme f Astrnauts
B．Space: The Final Hmewrk Frntier
C．Nature: An Outdr Classrm
D．HUNCH: A Cllege Admissin Refrm
E

Decisin-making under Stress
A new review based n a research shws that acute stress affects the way the brain cnsiders the advantages and disadvantages,causing it t fcus n pleasure and ignre the pssible negative(负面的) cnsequences f a decisin.
The research suggests that stress may change the way peple make chices in predictable ways.
“Stress affects hw peple learn,” says Prfessr Mara Mather.“Peple learn better abut psitive than negative utcmes under stress.”
Fr example,tw recent studies lked at hw peple learned t cnnect images(影像) with either rewards r punishments.In ne experiment,sme f the participants were first stressed by having t give a speech and d difficult math prblems in frnt f an audience;in the ther,sme were stressed by having t keep their hands in ice water.In bth cases,the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material mre accurately and the punished material less accurately than thse wh hadn’t gne thrugh the stress.
This phenmenn is likely nt surprising t anyne wh has tried t resist eating ckies r smking a cigarette while under stress—at thse mments,nly the pleasure assciated with such activities cmes t mind.But the findings further suggest that stress may bring abut a duble effect.Nt nly are rewarding experiences remembered better,but negative cnsequences are als easily recalled.
The research als fund that stress appears t affect decisin-making differently in men and wmen.While bth men and wmen tend t fcus n rewards and less n cnsequences under stress,their respnses t risk turn ut t be different.
Men wh had been stressed by the cld-water task tended t take mre risks in the experiment while wmen respnded in the ppsite way.In stressful situatins in which risk-taking can pay ff big,men may tend t d better,when cautin weighs mre,hwever,wmen will win.
This tendency t slw dwn and becme mre cautius when decisins are risky might als help explain why wmen are less likely t becme addicted than men:they may mre ften avid making the risky chices that eventually harden int addictin.
（1）We can learn frm the passage that peple under pressure tend t .
A.keep rewards better in their memry
B.recall cnsequences mre effrtlessly
C.make risky decisins mre frequently
D.learn a subject mre effectively
（2）Accrding t the research,stress affects peple mst prbably in their .
A.ways f making chices
B.preference fr pleasure
C.tlerance f punishments
D.respnses t suggestins
（3）The research has prved that in a stressful situatin, .
A.wmen find it easier t fall int certain habits
B.men have a greater tendency t slw dwn
C.wmen fcus mre n utcmes
D.men are mre likely t take risks
F

Metr Pcket Guide
Metrrail(地铁)
Each passenger needs a farecard t enter and g ut.Up t tw children under age five may travel free with a paying custmer.
Farecard machines are in every statin.Bring small bills because there are n change machines in the statins and farecard machines nly prvide up t $5 in change.
Get ne day f unlimited Metrrail rides with a One Day Pass.Buy it frm a farecard machine in Metr statins.Use it after 9:30 clsing n weekdays,and all day n weekends and hlidays.
Hurs f service
Open:5 —Fri. 7 —Sun.
Clse:midnight Sun.—Thurs. 3 —Sat.nights
Last train times vary.T avid(避免)missing the last train,please check the last train times psted in statins.
Metrbus
When paying with exact change,the fare is $ paying with a SmarTrip?card,the fare is $1.25.
Fares fr senir/disabled custmers
Senir citizens 65 and lder and disabled custmers may ride fr half the regular fare.On Metrrail and Metrbus,use a senir/disabled farecard r SmarTrip?card.Fr mre infrmatin abut buying senir/disabled farecards,SmarTrip?cards and passes,please visit MetrOpensDrs.cm r call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.
Senir citizens and disabled custmers can get free guide n hw t use prper Metrbus and Metrrail services by calling 202-962-1100.
Travel tips
•Avid riding during weekday rush perids—befre 9:30 between 4 and 6 p.m.
•If yu lse smething n a bus r train r in a statin,please call Lst & Fund at 202-962-1195.
（1）What shuld yu knw abut farecard machines?
A.They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.
B.They are cnnected t change machines.
C.They ffer special service t the elderly.
D.They make change fr n mre than $5.
（2）At what time des Metrrail stp service n Saturday?
A.At midnight. B.At 3 a.m. C.At 5 a.m. D.At 7 p.m.
（3）What is gd abut a SmarTrip?card?
A.It is cnvenient fr ld peple.
B.It saves mney fr its users.
C.It can be bught at any time.
D.It is sld n the Internet.
（4）Which number shuld yu call if yu lse smething n the Metr?
A.202-962-1195 B.202-962-1100 C.202-637-7000 D.202-637-8000
G
阅读下面的短文，完成下列各题：
Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Luie cunter by herself, quietly reading her e-bk as she waits fr her salad. What is she reading? Nne f yur business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And like mre Americans, she’s nt alne.
A new reprt fund 46 percent f meals are eaten alne in America. Mre than half（53 percent）have breakfast alne and nearly half（46 percent）have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating tgether anymre，74 percent，accrding t statistics frm the reprt.
“I prefer t g ut and be ut. Alne，but tgether，yu knw？”Bechtel said，lking up frm her bk. Bechtel，wh wrks in dwntwn West Palm Beach，has lunch with cwrkers smetimes，but like many f us，t ften wrks thrugh lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allws her t keep a bss frm tapping her n the shulder. She returns t wrk feeling energized. “Tday，I just wanted sme time t myself，”she said.
just tw seats ver，Andrew Mazleny，a lcal videgrapher，is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phne in peace r chat up the barkeeper with whm he's n a first-name basis if he wants t have a little interactin（交流）. “I reflect n hw my day's gne and think abut the rest f the week,” he said. “It's a chance fr self-reflectin, Yu return t wrk recharged and with a plan.”
That freedm t chse is ne reasn mre peple like t eat alne. There was a time when peple may have felt awkward abut asking fr a table fr ne，but thse days are ver. Nw，we have ur smartphnes t keep us cmpany at the table. “It desn't feel as alne as it may have befre al the advances in technlgy,” said Laurie Demerit， whse cmpany prvided the statistics fr the reprt.
（1）What are the statistics in paragraph 2 abut?
A. Fd variety.
B. Eating habits.
C. Table manners.
D. Restaurant service.
（2）Why des Bechtel prefer t g ut fr lunch?
A. T meet with her cwrkers.
B. T catch up with her wrk.
C. T have sme time n her wn.
D. T cllect data fr her reprt.
（3）What d we knw abut Mazleny?
A. He makes vides fr the bar.
B. He’s fnd f the fd at the bar.
C. He interviews custmers at the bar.
D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.
（4）What is the text mainly abut?
A. The trend f having meals alne.
B. The imprtance f self-reflectin.
C. The stress frm wrking vertime.
D. The advantage f wireless technlgy.
H

I am Peter Hdes,a vlunteer stem cell curier.Since March 2012,I’ve dne 89 trips—f thse,51 have been abrad.I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little bx because I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last.In all,frm the time the stem cells are harvested frm a dnr(捐献者)t the time they can be implanted in the patient,we’ve gt 72 hurs at mst.S I am always cnscius f time.
I had ne trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Prvidence,Rhde Island,and was meant t fly t Washingtn then back t Lndn.But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Prvidence,the lady n the desk said:“Well,I’m really srry,I’ve gt sme bad news fr yu—there are n flights frm Washingtn.”S I tk my bx and put it n the desk and I said:“In this bx are sme stem cells that are urgently needed fr a patient—please,please,yu’ve gt t get me back t the United Kingdm.”She just drpped everything.She arranged fr a flight n a small plane t be held fr me,re-ruted(改道)me thrugh Newark and gt me back t the UK even earlier than riginally scheduled.
Fr this curier jb,yu’re cnsciusly aware that in that bx yu’ve gt smething that is ptentially ging t save smebdy’s life.
（1）Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd“curier”in Paragraph 1?
A.prvider B.delivery man C.cllectr D.medical dctr
（2）Why des Peter have t cmplete his trip within 42 hurs?
A.He cannt stay away frm his jb t lng.
B.The dnr can nly wait fr that lng.
C.The peratin needs that much time.
D.The ice wn’t last any lnger.
（3）Which flight did the wman put Peter n first?
A.T Lndn.B.T Newark. C.T Prvidence.D.T Washingtn.
\s 0 参考答案
【参考答案】
（1）A；（2）D；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；
答案及解析：
答案： （1）C; （2）A; （3）B; （4）C
解析： （1）C。细节理解题。根据第一段话说Harvard和MIT联手向全球免费提供网上课程及第二段中“a number f curses develped by teachers at bth universities will be ffered nline thrugh a new $60 millin prgram,knwn as edX”可知,edX是这两所大学联手打造的一个网上免费授课的平台,故选C。
（2）A。细节判断题。B项应是2,000 classes;C项应是100多万人使用,而不是完成了课程;D项文中没有谈到它们的课程是否相似。根据倒数第二段“Other universities,inckiding Stanfrd, Yale and Carnegie-Melln, have been experimenting with teaching t a glbal ppulatin nline.”可知,答案应选A。
（3）B。词义推断题。此句的字面意思为“系好安全带”。结合文章的意思便是为这些大学在网上开设免费课程这一教育的变革做好准备,故选B。
（4）C。细节理解题。根据第三段“In December,the schl annunced it als wuld begin ffering a special certificate,knwn as MITx,fr peple wh cmplete certain nline curses”可知MITx是修完课程的证书,故选C。

【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文讲述了作者的父亲在Texas当教授时的一次经历。他班里的一个女孩有严重的背部疾病,但无钱医治,后来她的妈妈无意间发现了一个欧·亨利的手稿,作者的父亲帮她卖了,并利用这些钱治疗了小女孩的病。
（1）【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段可知,是小女孩的妈妈在打扫阁楼时无意间发现的。
（2）【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句话可知答案B。
（3）【解析】选C。词义猜测题。作者父亲拜访了一个研究欧·亨利的专家,他证实了是欧·亨利的手稿。根据第三段第一句话,作者父亲开始卖这份手稿可知,他已经明确了手稿出自欧·亨利之手。name命名;treat对待;prve证明;describe描述。
（4）【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句话,可知答案A正确。
答案为：A 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。
D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。
A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。
B 标题判断题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。
【参考答案】
【文章大意】一项研究表明:一定的压力会影响人们对某个决定结果的预期看法,人们会更多地关注所要做出决定的积极结果,而会忽视其消极结果。
（1）【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第四段最后一句 stressed participants remembered the rewarded material mre accurately and the punished material less accurately than thse wh hadn’t gne thrugh the stress.可知答案。（2）【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段The research suggests that stress may change the way peple make chices in predictable ways.可知答案。
（3）【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第七段第一句Men wh had been stressed by the cld-water task tended t take mre risks in the experiment while wmen respnded in the ppsite way.可知答案。
【长难句分析】A new review based n a research shws that acute stress affects the way the brain cnsiders the advantages and disadvantages, causing it t fcus n pleasure and ignre the pssible negative cnsequences f a decisin.
分析：本句是个复合句。that引导的是宾语从句,作shws的宾语;宾语从句中the brain cnsiders the advantages and disadvantages是省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰先行词the way;causing it t fcus n pleasure and ignre the pssible negative cnsequences f a decisin是现在分词短语作结果状语;主句中的based n a research是过去分词短语作review的定语。
译文：一篇基于某项研究的评论文章表明:极度的压力会影响大脑思考优缺点的方式,会使大脑的注意力集中在令人愉快的事情上,而忽视某个决定可能引起的不利结果。
【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文主要告诉我们一些乘坐Metrrail和Metrbus的提示和指导。
（1）【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Metrrail这一部分的farecard machines nly prvide up t $5 in change可知选D。
（2）【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Hurs f service中的Clse:3 —Sat.nights可知。
（3）【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据Metrbus中的内容可知,用SmarTrip?card付车费可以省钱。故选B。
（4）【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章最后一句If yu lse smething n a bus r train r in a statin,please call Lst & Fund at 202-962-1195.可知。
答案为：B；C；D；A；
【参考答案】
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文,介绍了作者作为一名干细胞递送志愿者,他工作的一些情况和一次特别的递送经历。
（1）【解析】选B。词义猜测题。由第一段的内容可知,Peter的任务就是将捐献者捐献的干细胞送给需要的病人。
（2）【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知,冰袋只能维持42小时,所以Peter只能在42小时内完成递送干细胞的旅程。
（3）【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知,作者是经由Newark回到英国的,而不是经由最初想去的Washingtn。