2021年高考英语二轮复习课件：专题三 阅读理解 第三节 题组4

这是一份2021年高考英语二轮复习课件：专题三 阅读理解 第三节 题组4，共41页。
A(2017·天津一中4月考)Rme，Paris and New Yrk are the wrld’s tp fashin cities，all f which have prduced sme f the tp trends，frm fashinable skirts t the httest new shes.But have yu ever wndered abut the negative ideas that they have enfrced?In April 2016，the Advertising Standards Authrity (ASA) in Britain banned an ad frm Gucci that featured mdels dancing arund and having fun，because they were all extremely skinny.Banning ads due t the mdels’ extreme figures isn’t new.The ASA banned an ad in 2015 fr the same reasn.
In France，it has been ruled that mdels are t prvide a dctr’s nte prving that they are at a healthy weight.S what is the healthy weight fr mdels？Twenty years ag，the average fashin mdel weighed 8% less than the average wman.Tday，they weigh 23% less.Peple may think that being at an unhealthy weight will help them gain the benefits that the mdels d.This prvides a standard fr beauty，and therefre peple wh want t achieve thse things may attempt t btain them thrugh unhealthy ways.Peple may think they are verweight，due t the images f mdels’ thin figures.They see smething wrng with their bdies，
whether they are verweight r nt.This is a key factr in a lwered bdy image，lw self-esteem，depressin and pssibly even eating disrders. I’m nt blaming the fashin industry by any means.It’s nt their fault that many peple lk up t the mdels and expect t live a life like theirs.I am glad that ASA is raising its vices when discussing the grwing issue f bdy images in the fashin industry.By banning the phts and vides，speaking ut against them and pushing fr dctrs’ ntes frm the mdels，it’s pushing fr the idea that the traditinal fashin industry’s bdy image demands shuld be changed and smething mre needs t be questined.
语篇解读　模特极瘦的形象带来了很多负面影响，英国广告标准局禁播了一条Gucci的时装广告，希望由此能树立模特身体形象新标准。
1.One f Gucci’s ads was banned mainly because mdels are much t thinB.nne f its mdels had a dctr’s nteC.mdels didn’t act accrding t the rulesD.its mdels were dancing in an unhealthy way
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In April 2016，the Advertising Standards Authrity (ASA) in Britain banned...，because they were all extremely skinny.”可知，2016年4月，英国广告标准局(ASA)因模特太瘦从而禁播了一条 Gucci 的时装广告，故选A。
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段提供的数字分析可知，与二十年前时装模特的平均体重相比，今天她们的平均体重变得更轻了，从而说明了：随着时间的推移，模特们变得越来越瘦了，故选C。
2.The numbers mentined in Paragraph 3 shw that dn’t knw why mdels weigh lessB.many wmen are n a diet t becme mdelsC.mdels are becming thinner with time ging byD.the healthy weight fr mdels hasn’t been decided
3.What des the furth paragraph mainly shw?A.The negative effects f mdels’ ’s attitude twards mdels’ benefits f becming thin changes in the standard f beauty.
解析　段落大意题。文中第四段主要讲述了模特极瘦的形象对人们造成的一些不好的影响，如一些人可能会认为不健康的体重会帮助他们获取模特们所获得的一些利益。由于人们将模特不健康的体重作为审美的标准，所以不管自己是否超重，他们总觉得自己的身体有问题，因此，这就使得他们损毁了身体形象，变得缺少自尊心，得了抑郁症，甚至可能造成饮食失调，故选A。
4.The pssible purpse f the ASA’s measures is t the frtune mdels are faced withB.set up new standards f mdels’ bdy imagesC.criticize the traditinal standards fr mdelsD.encurage mre peple t live a life like mdels
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段讲到了模特极瘦的形象所带来的负面影响可知，英国广告标准局(ASA)采取措施的可能目的是：改变模特极瘦的身体形象，即树立模特身体形象新标准，故选B。
5.What is the authr’s tne f writing this passage?A.Critical. D.Hpeful.
解析　观点态度题。通读全文以及根据最后一段中的“I’m nt blaming the fashin industry by any means.(我并不是在指责时装界。)”可知，作者报道的是实际存在的现象，故作者是以客观的口吻来撰写这篇文章的，故选C。
B(2017·五校联考二模)Khan Lab Schl in Silicn Valley is bringing back the ne-rm mdel t teach yung students in Muntain View，Califrnia.The schl is a labratry fr an experimental kind f learning.Students aged 5 t 15 attend the experimental Khan Lab Schl.It has n grade levels and n hmewrk.The students are in schl frm 8：30 in the mrning until six ’clck at night.And the schl is pen all year lng with small breaks here and there.The schl is the idea f Salman Khan，the funder f Khan Academy—famus fr its nline educatinal vides free f charge.
Khan said he started Khan Lab Schl because he thinks the current educatin system has prblems.He hpes t create a better learning mdel.He said this system lets the lder students take respnsibility and help yunger students.That means the yunger children get a lt f help.They get the help f the teachers and the lder students.Meanwhile，students als learn the study materials at their wn speed thrugh vides.And they get mre attentin thrugh ne-n-ne discussins with teachers.They als learn by ding prjects.
The schl’s directr，Dminic Liechti，said this way f learning better prepares students fr the future.He said the duties f a teacher need t change frm leading the class t being smene wh guides students in their learning，and prvides individual supprt.A teacher is als a life-lng learner，he said，nt just smene wh gives presentatins.Twelve-year-ld girl，Mishal Junaid，expressed her experience：“When I wake up in the mrning，I want t wake up，unlike my last schl where I want t sleep and nt g t schl...”
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。主要讲了当国内创业者都争相通过互联网解决教育行业存在的问题时，硅谷的先驱者们却开始办起了线下学校。
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He hpes t create a better learning mdel.”可知，Khan希望创造一个更好的学习模式，故选B。
6.Why did Salman Khan set up the schl?A.T intrduce Muntain create a better learning refrm current educatin apply his nline educatinal vides.
7.What’s the unique feature f Lab Schl?A.It prepares students fr their perfrm better in the dn’t belng t a certain calls n teachers t care mre abut students.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It has n grade levels and n hmewrk.”可知，这个学校没有分年级，也没有作业，故选C。
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“Meanwhile，students als learn the study materials at their wn speed thrugh vides.”可知，学生按照自己的速度通过录像学习，故选D。
8.In Lab Schl，we knw students can advice t lder studentsB.discuss with the teachers at any timeC.teach themselves what they likeD.learn accrding t their wn case
9.What d we knw abut the teachers in this schl?A.They prvide supprt need t learn shuldn’t give need t be trained as guides.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“A teacher is als a life-lng learner，he said，nt just smene wh gives presentatins.”可知，老师是一个终身学习者，不仅仅是给学生呈现知识，故选B。
10.What can we learn frm the underlined sentence frm the last paragraph?A.The girl has grwn girl ften misses schl is appealing t the schl lks different frm thers.
解析　句意猜测题。根据画线句子可知，女孩愿意早起去上学，而不是像在原来的学校一样不愿意醒来，不愿意去上学，也就是说这个新学校对她有吸引力，故选C。
C(2017·天津十二所重点中学联考)Great white sharks，the wrld’s largest predatry(食肉的) fish，eat three t fur times mre fd than previusly thught，an Australian study shws.The frm the 1980s estimated a meal f 30 kilgrams culd make a ne-tn shark cntinue living fr mre than six weeks.That made assumptins that large sharks culd survive lng perids withut eating. Hwever，a University f Tasmania-led study published this week in Scientific Reprts fund that 30kg was nly enugh fr 12～15 days.
Researchers tagged(给……附上标签) a dzen great white sharks at Neptune Islands ff Suth Australia and calculated their metablic(新陈代谢的) rate based n swimming speeds.They wrked ut hw much energy the sharks burned and hw much fd they required. “Their metablic rate is faster than we assumed.” Jaysn Semmens was the lead authr n the study.He said，“They () picked a shark that prbably wasn’t wrking very hard at the time when they did it.At the time it was a new study.They did sme metablic wrk similar t what we did but n ne shark.”
“The white sharks，which we tagged，are wrking pretty hard.They’re cming up t sme pretty high speed t catch the seals，” he said.“Their metablic rate is much faster than what we had assumed.These animals are prbably ging t be feeding every day，rather than several weeks.” The research als sught t imprve understanding f hw sharks fit int the cean ecsystem.
“We dn’t have a gd handle n the ppulatin sizes f white sharks.We knw that sharks in general are under pressure arund the wrld frm verfishing，” Semmens said.“Furthermre，they’re lng-lived.They reprduce late in their life and they prduce a small number f babies.”
Semmens said the effects f remving white sharks frm the cean were thus far mre imprtant than realized.“They’re keeping under cntrl a lt mre animals than we thught，” he said.
语篇解读　大白鲨是世界上最大的食肉性鱼类。本文介绍了一项关于大白鲨的最新研究。
解析　细节理解题。由第三段“That made assumptins that large sharks culd survive lng perids withut eating.”可知答案为D。
11.The made peple believe that sharks culd live withut eating meatB.sharks gained several kilgrams in six weeksC.a ne-tn shark needed t eat 30kg every mealD.large sharks culd live withut eating fr several weeks
12.What is Semmens’ attitude twards ’ jb?A.Uninterested. D.Satisfied.
解析　观点态度题。由第七段中Semmens所说的话“They () picked a shark that prbably wasn’t wrking very hard at the time when they did it.At the time it was a new study.They did sme metablic wrk similar t what we did but n ne shark.”可推知他对美国研究者所做的工作持客观态度，故选C。
13.The sharks’ metablic rate calculated by the tw research grups is different prbably because used different research methdsB.they studied sharks f different sizesC.the sharks they used fr research were f different speciesD.the sharks they used fr research swam at different speeds
解析　推理判断题。由第五段中的“calculated their metablic(新陈代谢的) rate based n swimming speeds”及第七段中的“picked a shark that prbably wasn’t wrking very hard”和倒数第四段中的“‘The white sharks，which we tagged，are wrking pretty hard.They’re cming up t sme pretty high speed t catch the seals，’ he said.”可推知答案为D。
解析　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“they’re lng-lived”及“they prduce a small number f babies”可排除B、D两项，由倒数第四段中的“They’re cming up t sme pretty high speed t catch the seals”可排除C项。由最后三段讲述大白鲨对海洋生态系统的影响可知A项正确。
14.What d yu knw abut white sharks?A.They play an imprtant rle in cean can prduce a large number f swim mre slwly than live a shrt life.
15.The authr’s purpse f writing the text is mst likely t D.entertain
解析　写作意图题。本文为说明文，介绍了一项关于大白鲨的最新研究。故答案为A。
D(2017·天津十二区县二模)The new study shws that we spend mre time using the mbile Internet than reading newspapers r magazines.Accrding t the Eurpean Interactive Advertising Assciatin (EIAA)，the average Eurpean spends 4.8 hurs reading newspapers and magazines but 1.6 hurs mre using the mbile Internet a week.
The EIAA questined 15,000 peple in 15 Eurpean cuntries，lking at hw peple are using the Internet and its influence n their everyday lives.It has fund that the mbile Internet is increasingly finding its way int the public awareness.Over 71 millin Eurpeans nw have Internet access n their mbile phnes.In the UK,10 millin peple nw access the Internet thrugh their mbile phnes and spend 6.3 hurs ding s in a week.Unsurprisingly yunger generatins in the UK are leading the way，with nearly half f the cuntry’s 16-t-24-year-lds and a quarter f 25-t-34-year-lds using the mbile Internet，spending 6.5 and 6.2 hurs nline each week.
Entertainment plays a majr rle in ur mbile Internet lives，with ne in five British peple using their phnes fr nline games，a third listening t the nline radi and 39 percent watching films，TV r ther vides at least nce a week.One third f thse using an Internet phne said they received vides，images r ther multimedia n their mbile，and 61 percent said they passed n cntents they received.Frm a cmmunicatin pint f view,80 percent f thse questined agreed that the Internet had made it easier fr them t stay in tuch with friends and family.
Alisn Fennah，directr f the EIAA，said the mbile Internet use had cme t the pint that marketers shuld be lking t develp strategies that cnnect with cnsumers mre effectively.“Better devices as well as imprved cnsumer mtivatin that start cming tgether in 2011 can make a great difference t extending the nline experience，” Fennah said.
语篇解读　本文主要讲的是一项研究表明人们现在在移动互联网上花的时间比在阅读报纸和杂志上花的时间多，另外该研究还调查了互联网对他们日常生活的影响。
解析　数字计算题。根据第一段中的“ average Eurpean spends 4.8 hurs reading newspapers and magazines but 1.6 hurs mre using the mbile Internet a week.”可知，欧洲人每周平均花费4.8小时读报和看杂志，但是多花1.6小时使用移动互联网，4.8＋1.6＝6.4，故选B。
16.Hw lng des a Eurpean spend n the mbile Internet per week accrding t the EIAA?A.6.2 hurs. B.6.4 hurs. D.1.6 hurs.
17.What d the underlined wrds “ding s” in Paragraph 2 refer t?A.Reading papers and cmputer films the mbile Internet.
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“In the UK,10 millin peple nw access the Internet thrugh their mbile phnes”(在英国现在有一千万人通过手机连接互联网)可知，这里的“ding s”指的是“使用移动互联网”，故选D。
18.What d peple mainly use the mbile Internet fr?A.Cmmunicatin. D.Advertising.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“Entertainment plays a majr rle in ur mbile Internet lives...”(娱乐在移动互联网生活中扮演着主要角色)可知，选C。
19.It can be knwn frm the passage that than half f the yung peple in the UK use the mbile InternetB.the Internet is the mst effective way t stay in tuch with friends and familyC.the UK has the largest number f peple wh use the mbile Internet in EurpeD.better devices and imprved cnsumer mtivatin help extend the nline experience
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Better devices as well as imprved cnsumer mtivatin that start cming tgether in 2011 can make a great difference t extending the nline experience...”可知，选D。
20.The authr wrte the passage t tell us t use mbile phnes t surf the InternetB.newspapers and magazines will disappear snC.mbile surfing nw is mre ppular than readingD.hw the Internet influences ur daily life
解析　写作意图题。本文主要讲的是一项研究表明人们现在在移动互联网上花的时间比在阅读报纸和杂志上花的时间多，另外该研究还调查了互联网对他们日常生活的影响，故选C。