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山东专用2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业28选修6Ahealthylife含解析20201209221
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这是一份山东专用2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业28选修6Ahealthylife含解析20201209221，共6页。
A
D yu like t flaunt yur expensive items? Yu culd find yurself withut friends! Scientists prve that expensive status symbls make yu lk less scially attractive.
Items such as a fancy car and a Rlex watch are ften thught t increase ur scial standing and ften cme with a high price tag (标签). Accrding t the latest research, hwever, it has the ppsite effect and peple wuld prefer t be friends with smene wh places less value n material bjects.
“Often we think that status symbls will make us lk mre scially attractive t thers，” says Stephen Garcia, the study's lead authr frm the University f Michigan. He adds, “Hwever, ur research suggests that these status signals actually make us lk less scially attractive.”
The researchers cnducted six studies which assessed hw peple presented themselves and hw peple viewed strangers. Peple wh chse t wear higher status items tended t get a negative respnse, but peple wanted t be friends with peple wh preferred lwer status symbls.
The study tk the rle f the luxury item t see if it was pssible that the expensive item itself played a part in peple's reactins. The definitin f a status symbl changed based n a persn's sciecnmic status, but the same effect f keeping ff ptential friends was seen regardless f scial psitin.
“At a scial level, we may be wasting billins f dllars n expensive status symbls that finally keep thers frm wanting t assciate with us，” says Kimberlee Weaver Livnat at the University f Haifa. She says, “And t the extent that clse friendships are imprtant t wellbeing, we may be unintentinally hurting urselves.”
Hwever, Patricia Chen f the Natinal University f Singapre said this des nt necessarily mean status symbls are a bad thing. She says, “Our findings right nw nly apply t the frmatin f new friendships. Status symbls may be beneficial at ther times and in ther settings, such as when trying t establish new business cntacts.”
本文是一篇说明文。研究表明昂贵的身份标志性的物品不一定会有利于提高人的魅力，反而会妨碍人结识新的朋友。
1．What des the underlined wrd “flaunt” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Shw ff. B．Get rid f.
C．Give away. D．Hand in.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据下文Scientists prve that expensive status symbls make yu lk less scially attractive.(科学家证明，昂贵的身份象征会让你在社交上显得不那么有吸引力。)可知，昂贵的身份标志性的物品不利于交友，而喜欢炫耀的人可能会没有朋友。故可知画线部分单词意思为“炫耀”。
2．Which is the negative influence f expensive status symbls?
A．Lwering peple's scial status.
B．Preventing peple frm making friends.
C．Ding harm t peple's health abslutely.
D．Changing peple's cnsumptin cncept.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中Items such as a fancy car and a Rlex watch are ften thught t increase ur scial standing and ften cme with a high price tag. Accrding t the latest research, hwever, it has the ppsite effect and peple wuld prefer t be friends with smene wh places less value n material bjects.(像豪车和劳力士手表这样的物品通常被认为可以提高我们的社会地位，而且往往价格不菲。然而，根据最新的研究，它有相反的效果，人们更愿意和那些不太重视物质的人交朋友。)可知，昂贵的地位象征的负面影响是会阻止人们交朋友。
3．Wh may be mre ppular amng friends accrding t the text?
A．Peple wh are very rich.
B．Peple with high scial status.
C．Peple wh keep a lw prfile.
D．Peple with charming appearance.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Peple wh chse t wear higher status items tended t get a negative respnse, but peple wanted t be friends with peple wh preferred lwer status symbls.(那些选择穿显示地位高的衣服的人往往会得到负面的回应，但人们希望与那些更喜欢低地位象征的人交朋友。)可知，低调而不喜欢炫富的人会更加受欢迎。
B
Fr years the Italian city f Venice has been struggling with a few cncerns. Saint Mark's Square is ften flded. Venice's waterways require repairs. But, by far, the biggest prblem is the rapidly grwing number f visitrs t the city.
S city fficials have decided t require all visitrs t pay a fee t enter Venice. The mney will help t pay fr cleaning and ther services that help t keep the city beautiful.
Venice's Mayr Luigi Brugnar explained the decisin t internatinal media during a visit t Rme last week. “Venice is a wnder f the wrld and nly in this way can it be saved，” the mayr said. “The fee prcess will be experimental at first，” he added.
A neday visit will cst abut $7. City fficials have yet t decide when the fee cllectin will begin. The mney will be cllected by transprt cmpanies that bring the turists t Venice. The city will set up cameras fr thse arriving in private cars. And there will be fines fr thse wh d nt pay the fee. Students, sme wrkers and children under the age f six will nt have t pay. Naturally, anyne brn r living in Venice is exempt.
City fficials hpe this will prevent the vercrwding that ften cmes with large numbers f turists. Sme peple living in Venice say they d nt believe the fee plan will wrk. Lawyer Rberta Pierabn says it will be impssible t cllect the mney frm everyne wh visits the city. Visitrs arrive frm all sides. She des nt believe turists can be cntrlled and adds that she disapprves f the plan. Other Venetians like the idea. They say it will make turism less aggressive. Venetians lve their city and knw it will never stp appealing t visitrs. Venice is s special, they say, that it belngs t the whle f humanity.
由于水城威尼斯的旅游人数暴增，政府决定游客需付费才能进入威尼斯，对于这一决定，人们看法不一。
4．What is the biggest prblem that arises in Venice?
A．The visitr bm. B．The pr city service.
C．The frequent fld. D．The waterway repair.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But, by far, the biggest prblem is the rapidly grwing number f visitrs t the city”可知，威尼斯当前面临的最大问题是旅游人数暴增。故A项正确。
5．Hw will city fficials deal with the big prblem?
A．By educating citizens.
B．By charging fees.
C．By ding experiments.
D．By turning t the media.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“S city fficials have decided t require all visitrs t pay a fee t enter Venice”可知，威尼斯市官员们决定，游客需要付费才能进入威尼斯。故B项正确。
6．What des the underlined wrd “exempt” prbably mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Asked t stay. B．Permitted t settle.
C．Required nt t enter. D．Allwed nt t pay.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Students, sme wrkers and children under the age f six will nt have t pay. Naturally, anyne brn r living in Venice”可知，学生、一些职工和六岁以下的儿童将不用付费。由此推知，当然，出生或者居住在威尼斯的人也不用付费。故D项正确。
7．Wh ppsed the fee plan?
A．Mayr Luigi Brugnar. B．All Venetians.
C．Lawyer Rberta Pierabn. D．City fficials.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Lawyer Rberta des nt believe turists can be cntrlled and adds that she disapprves f the plan”可知，Lawyer Rberta Pierabn认为游客不会被控制，她还补充说她不赞成这个计划。故C项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Last week 26yearld Zin tk a seat and put his fd n a table at a McDnald's. He was intending t __1__ breakfast by himself when 70yearld Jane, wh is living alne, __2__ Zin. Then she asked in a weak vice if she culd share the table with him. Zin said “yes” __3__.
Zin intrduced himself and shk the little lady's __4__ hand. They didn't knw each ther, and they culdn't be mre __5__. But tday they had a meal tgether and spent the next 45 minutes enjying each ther's __6__ and sharing stries abut their lives. Like they were friends, they talked and __7__ tgether. When their time tgether came t an end, Zin __8__ her t her car and they exchanged numbers with the intentin f having a breakfastagain sn.
“She is such a __9__ wman，” Zin recalled. “She mentined many times hw we all shuld lve ne anther and hw we shuld nt __10__ anyne because yu never knw hw their day is ging and what they have gne thrugh.”
Zin is glad that his __11__ cnversatin with Jane culd inspire s many peple, but he says that he is mstly just happy t have a new __12__. He says that he is very excited t set up anther breakfast date. “I'll __13__ trying，” said Zin. “I knw if we had frever she wuld have a __14__ fr me fr every day.”
Every stranger has the ptential t fster a new friendship. Their __15__ stry has been psted n scial media and it melts ur hearts. Nw they are Internet famus.
Zin在吃早饭的时候，偶然遇到了70岁的Jane，他们在吃饭期间分享了自己的故事，双方都非常开心；吃完早饭后，他们互留联系方式希望再约一起吃早餐的时间。他们的故事让很多人深受鼓舞。
1．A.prepare B．rder
C．eat D．finish
答案：C
解析：根据前一句中的“put his fd n a table at a McDnald's”可知，Zin正准备吃早餐。故选C。
2．A.invited B．apprached
C．recgnized D．greeted
答案：B
解析：根据后文中的“Then she asked in a weak vice”可知，Jane先是靠近Zin所在的桌子，然后开始询问。故选B。
3．A.enthusiastically B．casually
C．nervusly D．anxiusly
答案：A
解析：根据第二段第一句可知，Zin介绍自己，并与Jane握手，由此可以推测出，Zin对Jane的请求的态度应该是积极的，故选A，意为“热情地”。casually“随便地”。
4．A.delicate B．strng
C．wrinkled D．skilled
答案：C
解析：根据第一段第二句中的“70yearld”可以推测出，Jane的手应该是布满皱纹的，故选C。
5．A.ppular B．different
C．friendly D．admirable
答案：B
解析：他们一个26岁，一个70岁，彼此并不认识，也完全不同。故选B。
6．A.success B．peace
C．freedm D．cmpany
答案：D
解析：根据该空前后的内容可知，今天他们可以共进早餐，并且还能分享彼此的故事。由此可以推测出，他们在接下来的45分钟里，彼此陪伴。故选D。
7．A.laughed B．played
C．cheered D．teased
答案：A
解析：根据该空前的内容可知，他们像朋友一样，不断地交谈，哈哈大笑。故选A。
8．A.carried B．led
C．walked D．drve
答案：C
解析：根据第一段内容可知，Jane已经70岁了，故在早餐结束后，Zin护送她上车。walk意为“陪伴……走，护送……走”，故选C。
9．A.wnderful B．silent
C．generus D．cntent
答案：A
解析：根据第10小题前的“She mentined many times hw we all shuld lve ne anther”可知，Zin认为Jane这个人非常好。故选A。
10．A.ignre B．blame
C．suspect D．judge
答案：D
解析：根据后文中的“yu never knw hw their day is ging... gne thrugh”可知，因为你不知道他人的日子过得怎么样，更不知道他们经历了什么，所以你不能随便评价他们。故选D。
11．A.brief B．sweet
C．private D．serius
答案：B
解析：根据第二段中的“the next 45 minutes”“talked and __7__ tgether”以及该空后的“inspire s many peple”可知，他们的聊天时间不短，聊天的方式与话题也是随意的，且是在公共场所聊天的，故排除A、C和D三项，故选B项。B项意为“令人愉快的”，符合语境。
12．A.friend B．start
C．target D．pprtunity
答案：A
解析：根据第15小题前的“fster a new friendship”可知，Zin在这里意在说明，自己因为交了一位新朋友而感到开心。故选A。
13．A.start B．keep
C．advcate D．cnsider
答案：B
解析：根据下文中的“I knw if we had frever she wuld have a __14__ fr me fr every day”可知，Zin在这里表明，如果他继续努力的话，Jane会与他分享更多的故事。故选B。
14．A.gift B．fd
C．stry D．spnsr
答案：C
解析：根据第6小题后的“sharing stries”可知，这里表示“Jane会每天和我分享一个故事”。故选C。
15．A.strange B．familiar
C．amusing D．tuching
答案：D
解析：根据该空后的“it melts ur hearts”可知，他们的故事应该是非常感人的。故选D，意为“动人的”。amusing“有趣的”。
A
D yu like t flaunt yur expensive items? Yu culd find yurself withut friends! Scientists prve that expensive status symbls make yu lk less scially attractive.
Items such as a fancy car and a Rlex watch are ften thught t increase ur scial standing and ften cme with a high price tag (标签). Accrding t the latest research, hwever, it has the ppsite effect and peple wuld prefer t be friends with smene wh places less value n material bjects.
“Often we think that status symbls will make us lk mre scially attractive t thers，” says Stephen Garcia, the study's lead authr frm the University f Michigan. He adds, “Hwever, ur research suggests that these status signals actually make us lk less scially attractive.”
The researchers cnducted six studies which assessed hw peple presented themselves and hw peple viewed strangers. Peple wh chse t wear higher status items tended t get a negative respnse, but peple wanted t be friends with peple wh preferred lwer status symbls.
The study tk the rle f the luxury item t see if it was pssible that the expensive item itself played a part in peple's reactins. The definitin f a status symbl changed based n a persn's sciecnmic status, but the same effect f keeping ff ptential friends was seen regardless f scial psitin.
“At a scial level, we may be wasting billins f dllars n expensive status symbls that finally keep thers frm wanting t assciate with us，” says Kimberlee Weaver Livnat at the University f Haifa. She says, “And t the extent that clse friendships are imprtant t wellbeing, we may be unintentinally hurting urselves.”
Hwever, Patricia Chen f the Natinal University f Singapre said this des nt necessarily mean status symbls are a bad thing. She says, “Our findings right nw nly apply t the frmatin f new friendships. Status symbls may be beneficial at ther times and in ther settings, such as when trying t establish new business cntacts.”
本文是一篇说明文。研究表明昂贵的身份标志性的物品不一定会有利于提高人的魅力，反而会妨碍人结识新的朋友。
1．What des the underlined wrd “flaunt” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Shw ff. B．Get rid f.
C．Give away. D．Hand in.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据下文Scientists prve that expensive status symbls make yu lk less scially attractive.(科学家证明，昂贵的身份象征会让你在社交上显得不那么有吸引力。)可知，昂贵的身份标志性的物品不利于交友，而喜欢炫耀的人可能会没有朋友。故可知画线部分单词意思为“炫耀”。
2．Which is the negative influence f expensive status symbls?
A．Lwering peple's scial status.
B．Preventing peple frm making friends.
C．Ding harm t peple's health abslutely.
D．Changing peple's cnsumptin cncept.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中Items such as a fancy car and a Rlex watch are ften thught t increase ur scial standing and ften cme with a high price tag. Accrding t the latest research, hwever, it has the ppsite effect and peple wuld prefer t be friends with smene wh places less value n material bjects.(像豪车和劳力士手表这样的物品通常被认为可以提高我们的社会地位，而且往往价格不菲。然而，根据最新的研究，它有相反的效果，人们更愿意和那些不太重视物质的人交朋友。)可知，昂贵的地位象征的负面影响是会阻止人们交朋友。
3．Wh may be mre ppular amng friends accrding t the text?
A．Peple wh are very rich.
B．Peple with high scial status.
C．Peple wh keep a lw prfile.
D．Peple with charming appearance.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Peple wh chse t wear higher status items tended t get a negative respnse, but peple wanted t be friends with peple wh preferred lwer status symbls.(那些选择穿显示地位高的衣服的人往往会得到负面的回应，但人们希望与那些更喜欢低地位象征的人交朋友。)可知，低调而不喜欢炫富的人会更加受欢迎。
B
Fr years the Italian city f Venice has been struggling with a few cncerns. Saint Mark's Square is ften flded. Venice's waterways require repairs. But, by far, the biggest prblem is the rapidly grwing number f visitrs t the city.
S city fficials have decided t require all visitrs t pay a fee t enter Venice. The mney will help t pay fr cleaning and ther services that help t keep the city beautiful.
Venice's Mayr Luigi Brugnar explained the decisin t internatinal media during a visit t Rme last week. “Venice is a wnder f the wrld and nly in this way can it be saved，” the mayr said. “The fee prcess will be experimental at first，” he added.
A neday visit will cst abut $7. City fficials have yet t decide when the fee cllectin will begin. The mney will be cllected by transprt cmpanies that bring the turists t Venice. The city will set up cameras fr thse arriving in private cars. And there will be fines fr thse wh d nt pay the fee. Students, sme wrkers and children under the age f six will nt have t pay. Naturally, anyne brn r living in Venice is exempt.
City fficials hpe this will prevent the vercrwding that ften cmes with large numbers f turists. Sme peple living in Venice say they d nt believe the fee plan will wrk. Lawyer Rberta Pierabn says it will be impssible t cllect the mney frm everyne wh visits the city. Visitrs arrive frm all sides. She des nt believe turists can be cntrlled and adds that she disapprves f the plan. Other Venetians like the idea. They say it will make turism less aggressive. Venetians lve their city and knw it will never stp appealing t visitrs. Venice is s special, they say, that it belngs t the whle f humanity.
由于水城威尼斯的旅游人数暴增，政府决定游客需付费才能进入威尼斯，对于这一决定，人们看法不一。
4．What is the biggest prblem that arises in Venice?
A．The visitr bm. B．The pr city service.
C．The frequent fld. D．The waterway repair.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But, by far, the biggest prblem is the rapidly grwing number f visitrs t the city”可知，威尼斯当前面临的最大问题是旅游人数暴增。故A项正确。
5．Hw will city fficials deal with the big prblem?
A．By educating citizens.
B．By charging fees.
C．By ding experiments.
D．By turning t the media.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“S city fficials have decided t require all visitrs t pay a fee t enter Venice”可知，威尼斯市官员们决定，游客需要付费才能进入威尼斯。故B项正确。
6．What des the underlined wrd “exempt” prbably mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Asked t stay. B．Permitted t settle.
C．Required nt t enter. D．Allwed nt t pay.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Students, sme wrkers and children under the age f six will nt have t pay. Naturally, anyne brn r living in Venice”可知，学生、一些职工和六岁以下的儿童将不用付费。由此推知，当然，出生或者居住在威尼斯的人也不用付费。故D项正确。
7．Wh ppsed the fee plan?
A．Mayr Luigi Brugnar. B．All Venetians.
C．Lawyer Rberta Pierabn. D．City fficials.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Lawyer Rberta des nt believe turists can be cntrlled and adds that she disapprves f the plan”可知，Lawyer Rberta Pierabn认为游客不会被控制，她还补充说她不赞成这个计划。故C项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Last week 26yearld Zin tk a seat and put his fd n a table at a McDnald's. He was intending t __1__ breakfast by himself when 70yearld Jane, wh is living alne, __2__ Zin. Then she asked in a weak vice if she culd share the table with him. Zin said “yes” __3__.
Zin intrduced himself and shk the little lady's __4__ hand. They didn't knw each ther, and they culdn't be mre __5__. But tday they had a meal tgether and spent the next 45 minutes enjying each ther's __6__ and sharing stries abut their lives. Like they were friends, they talked and __7__ tgether. When their time tgether came t an end, Zin __8__ her t her car and they exchanged numbers with the intentin f having a breakfastagain sn.
“She is such a __9__ wman，” Zin recalled. “She mentined many times hw we all shuld lve ne anther and hw we shuld nt __10__ anyne because yu never knw hw their day is ging and what they have gne thrugh.”
Zin is glad that his __11__ cnversatin with Jane culd inspire s many peple, but he says that he is mstly just happy t have a new __12__. He says that he is very excited t set up anther breakfast date. “I'll __13__ trying，” said Zin. “I knw if we had frever she wuld have a __14__ fr me fr every day.”
Every stranger has the ptential t fster a new friendship. Their __15__ stry has been psted n scial media and it melts ur hearts. Nw they are Internet famus.
Zin在吃早饭的时候，偶然遇到了70岁的Jane，他们在吃饭期间分享了自己的故事，双方都非常开心；吃完早饭后，他们互留联系方式希望再约一起吃早餐的时间。他们的故事让很多人深受鼓舞。
1．A.prepare B．rder
C．eat D．finish
答案：C
解析：根据前一句中的“put his fd n a table at a McDnald's”可知，Zin正准备吃早餐。故选C。
2．A.invited B．apprached
C．recgnized D．greeted
答案：B
解析：根据后文中的“Then she asked in a weak vice”可知，Jane先是靠近Zin所在的桌子，然后开始询问。故选B。
3．A.enthusiastically B．casually
C．nervusly D．anxiusly
答案：A
解析：根据第二段第一句可知，Zin介绍自己，并与Jane握手，由此可以推测出，Zin对Jane的请求的态度应该是积极的，故选A，意为“热情地”。casually“随便地”。
4．A.delicate B．strng
C．wrinkled D．skilled
答案：C
解析：根据第一段第二句中的“70yearld”可以推测出，Jane的手应该是布满皱纹的，故选C。
5．A.ppular B．different
C．friendly D．admirable
答案：B
解析：他们一个26岁，一个70岁，彼此并不认识，也完全不同。故选B。
6．A.success B．peace
C．freedm D．cmpany
答案：D
解析：根据该空前后的内容可知，今天他们可以共进早餐，并且还能分享彼此的故事。由此可以推测出，他们在接下来的45分钟里，彼此陪伴。故选D。
7．A.laughed B．played
C．cheered D．teased
答案：A
解析：根据该空前的内容可知，他们像朋友一样，不断地交谈，哈哈大笑。故选A。
8．A.carried B．led
C．walked D．drve
答案：C
解析：根据第一段内容可知，Jane已经70岁了，故在早餐结束后，Zin护送她上车。walk意为“陪伴……走，护送……走”，故选C。
9．A.wnderful B．silent
C．generus D．cntent
答案：A
解析：根据第10小题前的“She mentined many times hw we all shuld lve ne anther”可知，Zin认为Jane这个人非常好。故选A。
10．A.ignre B．blame
C．suspect D．judge
答案：D
解析：根据后文中的“yu never knw hw their day is ging... gne thrugh”可知，因为你不知道他人的日子过得怎么样，更不知道他们经历了什么，所以你不能随便评价他们。故选D。
11．A.brief B．sweet
C．private D．serius
答案：B
解析：根据第二段中的“the next 45 minutes”“talked and __7__ tgether”以及该空后的“inspire s many peple”可知，他们的聊天时间不短，聊天的方式与话题也是随意的，且是在公共场所聊天的，故排除A、C和D三项，故选B项。B项意为“令人愉快的”，符合语境。
12．A.friend B．start
C．target D．pprtunity
答案：A
解析：根据第15小题前的“fster a new friendship”可知，Zin在这里意在说明，自己因为交了一位新朋友而感到开心。故选A。
13．A.start B．keep
C．advcate D．cnsider
答案：B
解析：根据下文中的“I knw if we had frever she wuld have a __14__ fr me fr every day”可知，Zin在这里表明，如果他继续努力的话，Jane会与他分享更多的故事。故选B。
14．A.gift B．fd
C．stry D．spnsr
答案：C
解析：根据第6小题后的“sharing stries”可知，这里表示“Jane会每天和我分享一个故事”。故选C。
15．A.strange B．familiar
C．amusing D．tuching
答案：D
解析：根据该空后的“it melts ur hearts”可知，他们的故事应该是非常感人的。故选D，意为“动人的”。amusing“有趣的”。
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