山东专用2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业40选修8Meetingyourancestors含解析20201209235

这是一份山东专用2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业40选修8Meetingyourancestors含解析20201209235，共6页。
A
Screening fr cancer may sn be as easy as letting ut a deep breath. The PAN Cancer trial fr early detectin f cancer in breath is a cllabrative effrt between the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Owlstne Medical. The gal is t test Owlstne's Breath Bipsy device (呼吸活检装置) and t create Breath Bipsy tests fr early detectin f a number f different kinds f cancers.
This may sund like science fictin, but there's real science t back up the cncept f a Breathalyzer­like device aimed at detecting cancer. Nrmal bichemical reactins in cells release vlatile rganic cmpunds (VOCs) (挥发性有机化合物). These cmpunds release a smell that can be detected. If a cell's VOC pattern has been changed, that culd indicates smething is ging wrng with the cell, like cancer. The Breath Bipsy detects the VOC bimarker in a nn­invasive (非侵入) way. T test whether r nt the Breath Bipsy is the VOC­detectr f the future, Fitzgerald and her team will cllect samples frm 1,500 peple wh were referred t Addenbrke's Hspital in Cambridge due t cancer cncerns.
Trial participants will take the breath test befre they underg ther diagnstic exams. They will breathe int the device fr 10 minutes, and Owlstne Medical will analyze the results. By lking acrss cancer types, researchers hpe t determine if different cancers have different signals and hw early these signals are detectable. Breath samples between thse wh d and thse wh dn't develp cancer will be cmpared t gain a strnger understanding f hw VOCs wrk. If the Breath Bipsy can accurately identify cancer, then the device culd be a screening tl fr general dctrs. The Breath Bipsy will nt nly shrten the test time but als help patients avid sme medical equipment entering their bdy fr diagnsis.
“There is increasing ptential fr breath­based tests t aid diagnsis, sitting alngside bld and urine (尿) tests in an effrt t help dctrs detect and treat disease，”said Billy Byle, c­funder and CEO f Owlstne Medical. “The cncept f prviding a whle­bdy snap­sht in a cmpletely nn­invasive way is very pwerful. And it is wrthwhile t be ppularized amng hspitals.”
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个通过呼吸检测癌症的新装置。
1．What is the applicatin f Owlstne's Breath Bipsy device?
A．Curing varius kinds f cancers.
B．Helping patients breathe smthly.
C．Displaying the result f cancer tests.
D．Detecting cancers at the early stage.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段The gal is tests fr early detectin f a number f different kinds f cancers可知，Owlstne的呼吸活检装置的用途是检测早期的癌症。
2．What's the sign f a persn's getting cancer accrding t the study?
A．His bdy gives ff a bad smell.
B．His cells' VOC pattern ges abnrmal.
C．His cells stp prducing VOC bimarkers.
D．His bdy releases vlatile rganic cmpunds.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段If a cell's VOC pattern has been changed, that culd cancer可知，一个人患癌的迹象是，体内细胞的VOC模式变得异常。
3．Which f the fllwing abut the Breath Bipsy device will Billy Byle agree with?
A．It has a prmising prspect.
B．It'll replace bld and urine tests.
C．It's less pwerful than current cancer detectin methds.
D．It'll help develp a mre advanced device f cancer screening.
答案：A
解析：观点态度题。根据末段Billy Byle所说的话可知，呼吸活检有助于医生做诊断，有潜力且值得推广，故Billy Byle认为呼吸活检前景光明。
B
With prductin verrunning (泛滥) n Martin Scrsese's new film, the famus Hllywd directr admitted this mnth he was wrried abut the “yuthificatin” technlgy he was emplying t smth ut his actrs. The leading actr Rbert De Nir and Al Pacin played yung versins f their characters in the first half f the film, with their wrinkles and jwls (下巴) remved by the technlgy.
Speaking t the British directr Janna Hgg, the film­maker Martin Scrsese said that gd actrs shuld meet sme necessary requirements: excellent acting skills, rich imaginatin, gd understanding and s n. Hwever, there was smething imprtant that was missing while the technique was used. He added, “I dn't knw hw t instruct my actrs t make their perfrmance mre impressive, especially rich eye expressins. Apparently, the technique makes their eyes dull, which disappints me the mst.”
In this case, he isn't alne. While the technlgy is dubtless impressive, there have been grumbles_abut the “unnatural valley” effect f digitally de­ageing actrs. Film critics, such as Manhla Dargis f the New Yrk Times, and The Ringer's Andrew Gruttadar, bserved that “as an audience member watching these films, yu get the hrrible feeling that yu're nt watching a persn, but an entity (实体) imitating a persn”. Similar reservatins have been heard abut Anthny Hpkins being de­aged in TV's Westwrld. Later this year, Ang Lee's Gemini Man will appear, starring Will Smith as a killer wh meets his yunger self, which is als played by Smith. The prblem is that everybdy wh grew up with The Fresh Prince f Bel­Air knws what Will Smith lked like as a yunger man, and it wasn't this ne.
T qute Dr Ian Malclm frm Jurassic Park, “Scientists were s preccupied with whether r nt they culd, and they didn't stp t think if they shuld.” De­ageing technlgy gives us the dazzling impressin rather than the effect f yuth, as a yunger actr wuld. Mre ges int the ageing prcess than mere lks; it betrays a thin understanding f psychlgy t expect therwise.
本文是一篇议论文。作者讨论了现在电影中采用的高科技技术可以消除演员脸上的皱纹，让他们看起来很年轻，但这样做并不可取。
4．What was Martin Scrsese's cncern abut his new film?
A．The high cst f the film.
B．The age f his leading actrs.
C．The effect f the new technlgy.
D．The plt in the first part f the film.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段he was wrried abut the “yuthificatin” technlgy he was emplying t smth ut his actrs.可知他对自己采用特效技术使演员年轻化的效果担忧。
5．What quality f an actr did Martin Scrsese prbably pay mre attentin t?
A．Expressive perfrmance.
B．Vivid imaginatin.
C．Deep understanding f acting.
D．Gd language ability.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“I dn't their perfrmance mre impressive, especially rich eye expressins...”可知Martin Scrsese更加关注演员丰富的表现力，尤其是眼神的表现力。
6．What d the underlined wrds “grumbles abut” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Advice n. B．Dissatisfactin with.
C．Admiratin fr. D．Inspiratin frm.
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的Film critics, such as Manhla Dargis f the New Yrk get the hrrible feeling that yu're nt watching a persn, but an entity imitating a persn...可知，评论家对该特技效果持否定的态度，并没有赞许或提出建议，故可推知画线词组意为“对……有怨言或不满”。
7．What culd be the best title fr the text?
A．The imprvement f Hllywd mvies
B．“De­ageing” technlgy benefits ld actrs
C．The breakthrugh f Martin Scrsese's new film
D．Hllywd's “de­ageing” technlgy has gne t far
答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知本文主要讨论了好莱坞电影中运用的使演员年轻的特效技术的弊端，故可知答案。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I used t hate running. It seemed t hard, and pushing utside my cmfrt __1__ was nt smething I was eager t d.
In fact, I wuldn't have becme a(n) __2__ if it weren't fr my husband Charles. He had been a serius, cmpetitive runner fr many years. After ur marriage, he wuldn't stp talking abut hw much he __3__ it.
S he picked it up again, and after abut a year, I started t jin him at the __4__. Just a few weeks later, Charles signed up fr a five­kilmeter race fr bth f us. I __5__ abut ding it. It was t sn.
But n the race day, there I was.
The gun went ff. Thusands f runners __6__.
The first kilmeter was tugh. I was already breathing __7__ and painfully aware f the grup f runners running past me.
After anther minute I saw the three­kilmeter __8__. All I culd think f was that I was dying.
I runded a crner, and saw bth sides f the street __9__ with peple watching the race, all cheering the runners n：I willed my legs t keep ging.
Then I lked up and saw the clck. The __10__ ticking away gave me an incentive (动力). I knew that if I had __11__ finished this race I wuld have achieved smething. S, I straightened up, and kicked it.
I had my arms __12__ higher when I passed thrugh the finish line. A vlunteer put a(n) __13__ arund my neck.
“Yu did great! I'm s prud f yu！” Charles was thrilled that I'd __14__.
“That was amazing! I want t d anther race.” I prudly hugged my medal as we started t walk t the pst­race festivities. My lungs and my cmfrt zne bth __15__.
本文是一篇记叙文。作者原本并不喜欢跑步，但是在丈夫的带动下她也开始跑步，并且坚持完成了5公里的跑步比赛。
1．A.blck B．line
C．emtin D．zne
答案：D
解析：根据文章最后一句中的“my cmfrt zne”可知，答案选D项。
2．A.wife B．cach
C．expert D．runner
答案：D
解析：根据下文内容可知，作者一开始不喜欢跑步，在丈夫的带动下，最后变成了一名跑步者(runner)。
3．A.hated B．missed
C．admired D．trained
答案：B
解析：根据下文中的“S he picked it up again”可推知，作者的丈夫和她结婚以后，总是不停地说他有多想念(missed)跑步。
4．A.race B．department
C．track D．ceremny
答案：C
解析：根据该句可知，当作者的丈夫重新开始跑步时，作者也加入了他，和他一起跑。track“跑道”。
5．A.hesitated B．puzzled
C．cared D．brught
答案：A
解析：根据上文可知，作者以前并不喜欢跑步，当作者的丈夫让她一起报名参加五公里跑步的时候，作者有些犹豫。
6．A.slipped away B．backed ff
C．pushed frward D．came ver
答案：C
解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，当发令枪一响，数千名跑步者冲了出去。
7．A.mildly B．shallwly
C．gently D．heavily
答案：D
解析：根据空前一句“The first kilmeter was tugh”可推知，当跑了一公里的时候，作者已经呼吸沉重了。heavily“沉重地”。
8．A.symbl B．mark
C．pattern D．campaign
答案：B
解析：根据该句“After anther minute I saw the three­kilmeter __8__”可知，此处表示作者看见了三公里的标志牌。mark“标记”。
9．A.stuck B．crwded
C．prvided D．directed
答案：B
解析：街道的两边挤满(crwded)了观看赛跑的人，他们都在为选手加油。
10．A.secnds B．titles
C．criteria D．cmpetitrs
答案：A
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示作者觉得每一秒走过的时间都在给她加油助力。
11．A.als B．actually
C．just D．unfrtunately
答案：B
解析：作者知道如果她的确(actually)完成了比赛，那么她已经完成了一些事。
12．A.kept B．crssed
C．held D．tied
答案：C
解析：当作者冲过终点线的时候，她把自己的手举得更高。hld“使保持(在某位置)”。
13．A.rpe B．medal
C．necklace D．award
答案：B
解析：根据下文中的“I prudly hugged my medal”可知，此处表示一个志愿者给作者带上奖牌。
14．A.gt it B．meant it
C．made it D．defeated it
答案：C
解析：根据上文内容可知，作者最终完成了对她来说看似不可能完成的事情，跑完了五公里。make it“获得成功”。
15．A.trembled B．expanded
C．ached D．erupted
答案：B
解析：根据语境可知，此处表示在作者成功跑完了这次五公里之后，她感觉自己的肺和舒适区都得到了扩展。