初中英语简易实用语法导学练16：被动语态构成（三）

初中英语简易实用语法导学练16：被动语态构成（三）一．   知识回顾：1) 被动语态的基本构成：S+V+O → ______________________________
使用被动语态结构的动词特征：______________________________2) 被动语态的时态体现在______动词上。3) 根据被动语态时态的变化完成下列表格：时态be动词形式Example一般现在时is/am/areHe is punished by the teacher.一般过去时 He ________________by the teacher.一般将来时 He ________________by the teacher.现在进行时 He ________________by the teacher.过去进行时 He ________________by the teacher.现在完成时 He ________________by the teacher.过去完成时 He ________________by the teacher.☆     哪些时态没有被动式？______________________________________________二．   深入学习/合作探究为什么使用被动语态：1)    根据句式的需要、叙述对象的不同、上下文的衔接等原因，人们会使用主动或者被动语态… 这个问题很复杂，自己在英语的学习中慢慢体会吧。2)    没给出动作的发出者(不知道、不关心、没必要、都知道)：分析以下属于哪一种：
① My car has been towed. _____________
② Such things are not done twice. _____________
③ Printing was introduced into Europe from China. _______________看看以下主动形式表被动含义的句子，总结原因：1)    His theory proved (to be) right.   系动词没有被动结构，类似用法的词还有look,smell, sound,feel,_________________2)    The door won’t shut/This pen writes well.   这类动词常和can’t/won’t/easily/well 等词连用，表示主语的属性。
常见的可以这么用的动词有：sell,read,write, cook, wash,shut, ______________________3)    My watch needs cleaning.   可类似使用的的动词有：want, ___________________________________4)    The homework is easy to do.
不定式中的主动表被动（不定式里单独学习）被动形式，主动含义：1)    I’m determined to become a teacher.2)    Please be seated.   该类动词的共同特征是：____________________________   类似的动词或动词短语还有：injure, dress, ________________________________.主被动皆可使用的动词：1)    The house burned down/ was burned down.2)    I worry/am worried about his safety.   这类动词的特征是：______________________________   主被动使用的场合取决于是否强调这个动作是被（某人）施加的。无被动语态的动词：1)    A fire broke out during the night.   _________ 动词通常无被动，有部分可以加上一个介词构成固定动词短语，相当于一个_____________动词，例如：
He is often laughed at by his classmates.
He __________________________ yesterday. (operate) 他昨天做了手术。2)    ① They have a nice apartment./② This coat doesn’t fit me./③ Everyone agreed with me.   这类动词的主要特征是：表_________________________类动词。【当堂训练】 There are three kinds of paper to make a card with, __________________easily. (tear)
有三种纸可以用来制造卡片，没有一种容易撕破。At present, lots of food, water, tents, and medicine_________________ (正在运送) from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas. (transport)Last night’s TV news said that by then the death of the missing people ________________ (未证实) yet. (prove)His right leg ___________________ and I believe it won’t take long for him to recover. (operate)
他的右腿正在接受手术，我相信要不了多久就会恢复的。Those books ___________________ and have  _____________________. 
那些书很畅销，并且已卖光。(sell)The professor was surprised to see some country people_______________ of the classroom. (seat)
教授看到许多村民坐在教室的后排感到很惊讶.As time went on, Einstein's theory _______________________.(prove)
随着时间的推移,爱因斯坦的理论被证明是正确的 【巩固练习】一．完成句子Children under six _______________________  except those of extraordinary intelligence. (allow)
除了有特殊智力的以外，六岁以下的孩子不准上学。No decision will be made until all the candidates ____________________ . (interview)
直到所有的候选人都面试了才会做出决定。 Guanlin could have lived a completely different life. Unfortunately she lived at a time when women ____________________________(受到歧视). (look)The wall ________________________  at the moment, so it doesn’t look its best. （paint)
眼下墙还在粉刷，所以看上去不是很好。 At that time, the poor workers __________________________ until late into the night. (make)
在那时，那些可怜的工人们经常被迫工作到深夜。It is said that this movie ____________________________ (worth) 据说这部电影值得一看________________________(穿着白色制服), he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （dress）I’ve known Mr. Smith for several years. We _______________________ to each other at an international conference. 
我认识史密斯先生好几年了。我们是在一次国际会议上认识的。(introduce)二． 高考真题(时态语态选择题)【2016•北京】30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts______ with success in the end.
A. rewarded      B. were rewarded      C. will reward       D. will be rewarded 【2016江苏】22.More efforts, as reported, ______in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.
A. are made   B. will be made     C. are being made   D. have been made【2015•北京】22.--Did you enjoy the party? --Yes,we___by our hosts.
A.were treated   B.would be treated.   C.treated     D.had treated【2015•北京】26.In the last few years, China ___ great achievements in environmental protection.
A.has made    B.had made     C.was making    D.is making 【2015·北京】27.—Did you have difficulty finding Ann' house? 
—Not really.She___us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily? 
A.was to give     B.had given      C.was giving     D.would give【2015·北京】30. —Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
 —All right. I____ him later. 
A. will call     B. have called     C. call      D will be calling 【2015·重庆】1.  —Is Peter coming? 
—No, he____ his mind after a phone call at the last minute. 
A. changes    B. changed       C. was changing     D. had changed 【2015•重庆】13.  In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat ____ cut.
A. will have been       B. will be            C. was            D. has been 【2015•浙江】8. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he _____       a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 
A. has been        B. had been          C. was going to be      D. was 【2015•天津】9. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.
A. has been reached      B. was reached   C. will reach     D. will have reached 【2015•天津】6.  Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.     
A. will teach       B. would teach    C. has taught          D. will be teaching 【2015·四川】4.More expressways _______ in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. 
A. are being built   B. will be built    C. have been built    D. had been built 【2015•陕西】22. Mary  ________ really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.
A. worked       B. has been working       C. had worked      D. has worked 【2015•福建】30.—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and  _______________  his essay there ever since.
A. wrote    B. had written    C. has been writing    D. is writing【2015•福建】26.To my delight, I ______  from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
A. was chosen   B. was being chosen   C. would choose   D. had chosen 【2015•江苏】30.The real reason why prices ____ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
A. were             B. will be            C. have been            D. had been【2015•安徽】29.It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to come.
A. will be building   B. will be built    C. has been building       D. has been built 【2015·安徽】24. Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I ______ my bank in the cafe. 
A. have left     B. had left    C would leave    D. was leaving 【2015•湖南】28.He must have sensed that I ________ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that?" 
A. would look at   B. looked at   C. was looking at    D. am looking at【2015•湖南】25.I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I ________, "What do you wish me to do now?"  
A. ask     B. have asked   C. am asking    D. asked 【2015•湖南】22.As you go through this book, you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience. 
A. will find    B. found    C. had found    D. have found【2015•湖南】32.I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but ________ thankfully by the shop window.
A. am held back    B. held back   C．hold back    D．was held back