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牛津译林版八年级上册Unit 8 Natural disasters优秀导学案
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这是一份牛津译林版八年级上册Unit 8 Natural disasters优秀导学案，共7页。学案主要包含了过去进行时的两大掌门人，用动词的适当形式填空，单项选择，过去进行时在使用是的注意点等内容，欢迎下载使用。
牛津译林版八年级上册 when和while的语法用法讲义
授课日期及时段
教学目标
1.使学生掌握过去进行时was/were+v-ing的含义，并能正确使用
2.使学生能正确使用when, while,as引导的时间状语
重点难点
when, while引导的状语从句
教学内容
课堂导入
假设你目击一起交通事故。警察局让你写一份材料，报告当时所见情况。根据下列图画写出几个句子来描述当时的情景。
图1.当我正走在路上的时候，那个老人站在拐角。
图2.当老人穿过马路时，轿车往右拐。
图3.当黄色的轿车冲向了老人的时候，老人摔到了。
图4.老人摔倒在地的时候，轿车离开了。
知识梳理
定义：在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行、或发生的动作。
通常句子一定会有一个“表示过去某个时间点”的状语：then、at that tim、,this time yesterday、at ten yesterday、all day yesterday、when、while等(过去进行时的标志词)
句子结构：
主语+was/were+v-ing+其他
（注：ding就是现在分词，词形变化与现在进行时相同）
Eg：Mike was watching TV this time yesterday.
否定式：Mike wasn’t watching TV this time yesterday.
疑问句：Was Mike watching TV this time yesterday?
三、过去进行时的两大掌门人：when, while的用法与区别
when
“当…时候”：既可指时间点，也可指时间段，从句中的谓语动词可用延续性动词，也可用短暂性动词。从句中的动词可表动作，也可表状态。从句的动作可与主句的动作同时发生，也可在主句动作之前或之后发生。
while
“在…的时候，在…期间”指一个时间段，从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词。强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中
The thief came in , I was sleeping.
The thief came in, I was sleeping.
The thief came in, i was sleeping.
The thief was carrying my TV ut, i was sleeping.
总结：1.when 之后可长亦可短，while之后只可长；
若是两个都为长，while来把纽带当。
2.when引导的过去进行时要注意句中两个动作，瞬间动词用的是动词的过去式，延续性动词用的是现在分词形式；while在过去进行时中使用时，后面必须是进行时且动词是 延续性 动词。
例题精讲
1.我在吃早餐的时候，电话响了。
When I was having breakfast, the telephne rang.
2.当我进教室的时候，老师正在等我。
When I entered the classrm, the teacher was waiting fr me.
3.Mary _____a dress when she cut her finger.
made B.is making C.was making D.makes
举一反三
1.As she _____the newspaper ，Granny _____asleep.
read ;was falling B.was reading ;fell C.was reading;was falling D.read;fell
2.他在骑自行车的时候，伤了腿。
While he was riding a bike, he hurt his leg.
3.我在做作业，我妈妈在看电视。
While I was ding my hmewrk, my mther was watching TV.
4.他弟弟在看电视的时候，他在看报纸。
He _ a newspaper while his brther______TV.
5. What ______ frm three t fur yesterday afternn?
A have yu dne B had yu dne C did yu d D were yu ding
6. – I call yu yesterday evening， but there was n answer．
－ Oh．， I’m srry I _____ dinner at my friend’s hme．
A hme B had C was having D have had
7. My mther _____ while my father _____TV．
A cked； was watching B was cking； was watching
C was cked； watched D cked； watched
8. When I gt hme， my sn _____ the music．
A am listening t B listened t C was listening t D was listening
9.We heard a cry when we ______ TV last night．
A were watching B wuld watch C watch D watched
10.She asked him whether he _____ back fr lunch．
A cme B was cming C came D had cme
11.Culd yu tell me when ______?
A she is cming B she was cming C will be cme D is he cming
12.The teacher ______ when I came int the classrm．
A is drawing B draws C has drawn D was drawing
课堂检测
1.The twins didn’t g t the theatre. They __D____the light music at that time.
A. have enjyed B.will enjy C.are enjying D.were enjying
2.She _D____t an English prgram while her parents_____TV.
A.was listening; is watching B.listened; were watching
C.was listening;watched D.was listening; were watching
3.—Yesterday Suzy fell ver and was hurt badly while she _B____a snwball.
---I’m srry t hear that.
A.made B.was making C.makes D.is making
4.It started t rain while I __was flying___(fly) a kite in the park.
5.Lily was shpping while Lucy __was taking__(take) exercise at 6:00 this mrning.
总结：
1.过去进行时的定义、结构、标志词
2.在过去进行时中：when后可长亦可短，while之后只可长
若是两个都为长，while来把纽带当
3.延续性动词与瞬间性动词的总结
课后作业
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. While we __________ (wait) fr the bus, a girl __________ (run) up t us.
2. I __________ (telephne) a friend when Bb __________ (cme) in.
3. Jim __________ (jump) n the bus as it __________ (mve) away.
4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (g) ff.
5. She __________ (nt want) t stay in bed while the thers ________________ (all, wrk) in the fields.
6. While mther ________ (put) Cathy t bed, the dr bell ________ (ring).
7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) t rain.
8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) f becming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).
9. It was quite late at night. Gerge __________ (read) and Amy __________ (ply) her needle when they __________ (hear) a knck at the dr.
10. There __________ (be) a grup rund the fire when they __________ (reach) it. An ld wman __________ (sit) n the grund near the kettle; tw small children __________ (lie) near her; a dnkey __________ (bend) his head ver a tall girl.
11. I _____ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday mrning.
12. Mary _____ (g) ver her lessns frm six t seven last night. Jhn and peter ____(d) the same thing.
13. What _____ yu ___ (d) at that time? We _____ (watch) TV.
14. Was yur father at hme yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _____ (listen) t the radi.
15. They _____(nt make) a mdel ship when I saw him.
16.— _____ they ____ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternn?
—N, they _____. They _____ (clean) the classrm.
17. ______ it ______(rain) when yu left schl? Yes, it ____. (N, it ____)
18. What _____ yur father _____ (d) when he was yur age?
二、单项选择
1. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready t fly t England.
A. are getting B. get C. were getting D. gt
2. Lei Feng _____ always _____ f thers when he ______ in the army.
A. is, thinking, was B. was, thinking, is C. did, think, is D. was, thinking, was
3. A girl ______ my pen fall ff the table when she _____ me.
A. saw, passed B. was seeing, passed C. was seeing, passed D. was seeing, was passing
4. We ____ fr tm at ten last Sunday. He ften kept us ______.
A. were waiting, waiting B. were waiting, wait C. waited, waiting D. waited, wait
5. He ____ his father n the farm the whle afternn last Saturday.
A. helps B. wuld help C. was helping D. is helping
6. While mther _______ sme washing, I _____ a kite fr Kate.
A. did, made B. was ding, made C. was ding, was making D. did, was making
7. “Why_______ yu angry then?” “Because they ______ t much nise.”
A. are, were making B. were, were making C. are, made D. were, made
8. He ____ sme cking at that time, s _____ me
A. did, heard B. did, didn’t hear C. was ding, heard D. was ding, didn’t hear
过去进行时
一、过去进行时的基本结构：
was\were +ding
二、过去进行时的提示词：
常和表示过去的时间状语如then, at that time, at this time yesterday, at ten yesterday, frm six t eight last night等, 或用另一动作来表示过去的时间.
三、过去进行时的使用范围：
(1)表示过去某一时刻动作正在进行；
I was reading when mther came in. 当妈妈进来时，我正在看书.
I was watching TV at six last night. 昨天晚上六点钟我正在看电视。
(2)表示过去某一时刻一直在做某事；
Tm was singing frm six t eight last night. 汤姆昨晚六点到八点一直在唱歌。
(3)过去进行时常与always和时间副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩。
Jack was always changing his mind. 杰克总是在改变他的主意。
四、过去进行时在使用是的注意点：
(1)注意含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中过去进行时的运用：
①主句中的动作先于从句中的动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，主句用过去进行时，从句常用一般过去时。
②从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。
③若主句、从句动作开始时间不存在先后关系（即同时发生）或无所谓先后时，主从句可同时使用过去进行时，此时的时间状语从句一般由while来引导。
常用的句式有，“while+过去进行时（延续动词），一般过去时”、“过去进行时（延续）+while+过去进行时（延续）”、“过去进行时（延续），when +一般过去时”
I was playing cmputer games when my mther came hme. 妈妈回来的时候，我正在打电脑游戏。
While I was playing cmputer games, my mther came hme. 当我正在大电脑游戏的时候，妈妈到家了。
I was ding my hmewrk while my mther was cking. 我正在做作业，而妈妈正在做饭。
典例讲解
单项选择
（ ）1.我在照看孩子.
(A)I am lking after the baby. (B)I'm lk aftering the baby.
(C)I lk am aftering the baby. (D)I lking after the baby.
( )2._____friend's making______a kite.
(A)I,me (B) My,my (C)My,me (D)His,his
( )3.Is the wman wearing______ yellw yur teacher?
(A)in (B)putting n (C)wearing (D)having
( )4.Lk!The twins_____their mther d the husewrk.
(A)are wanting (B)help (C)are helping (D)are lking
( )5._____are the birds ding? They are singing in a tree.
(A)Wh (B)What (C)Hw (D)Where
( )6.Is she____smething?
(A)eat (B)eating (C)eatting (D)eats
( )7.你在干什么?
(A)What is yu ding? (B)What are yu d? (C)What are yu ding? (D)What d yu d?
( )8.What are yu listening_____?
(A)/ (B)fr (C)at (D)t
( )9.我正在听他说话.
(A)I listening t him. (B)I'm listening t him. (C)I'm listen t him. (D)I'm listening him.
( )10.They are_____their clthes.
(A)makeing (B)putting (C)put away (D)putting n
( )11.Listen! She____in the classrm.
(A)is singing (B)sing (C)t sing (D)is sing
( )12.Tday Jim______ his white shirt and brwn trusers.
(A)is putting n (B)wear (C)put n (D)is wearing
( )13.______are yu eating?I'm eating______meat.
(A)What,sme (B)Which,any (C)Where,nt (D)What,a
( )14.They______TV in the evening.They d their hmewrk.
(A)are watching (B)can't watching (C)dn't watch (D)dn't watching
( )15.The children_____ftball.
(A)is playing (B)are playing (C)play the (D)play a
( )16.They are flying kites.
(A)他们喜欢放风筝. (B)他们在放风筝吗? (C)他们在放风筝. (D)他们常放风筝.
( )17.Lk,They are swimming in the river. I want_____yu.
(A)t g with (B)g with (C)helping (D)help
( ) is_____a new bike tday.
(A)jumping (B)running (C)riding (D)takeing
Keys：
1-5ACCCB 6-10 BCDBD 11-15ADABB 16-18CAB
牛津译林版八年级上册 when和while的语法用法讲义
授课日期及时段
教学目标
1.使学生掌握过去进行时was/were+v-ing的含义，并能正确使用
2.使学生能正确使用when, while,as引导的时间状语
重点难点
when, while引导的状语从句
教学内容
课堂导入
假设你目击一起交通事故。警察局让你写一份材料，报告当时所见情况。根据下列图画写出几个句子来描述当时的情景。
图1.当我正走在路上的时候，那个老人站在拐角。
图2.当老人穿过马路时，轿车往右拐。
图3.当黄色的轿车冲向了老人的时候，老人摔到了。
图4.老人摔倒在地的时候，轿车离开了。
知识梳理
定义：在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行、或发生的动作。
通常句子一定会有一个“表示过去某个时间点”的状语：then、at that tim、,this time yesterday、at ten yesterday、all day yesterday、when、while等(过去进行时的标志词)
句子结构：
主语+was/were+v-ing+其他
（注：ding就是现在分词，词形变化与现在进行时相同）
Eg：Mike was watching TV this time yesterday.
否定式：Mike wasn’t watching TV this time yesterday.
疑问句：Was Mike watching TV this time yesterday?
三、过去进行时的两大掌门人：when, while的用法与区别
when
“当…时候”：既可指时间点，也可指时间段，从句中的谓语动词可用延续性动词，也可用短暂性动词。从句中的动词可表动作，也可表状态。从句的动作可与主句的动作同时发生，也可在主句动作之前或之后发生。
while
“在…的时候，在…期间”指一个时间段，从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词。强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中
The thief came in , I was sleeping.
The thief came in, I was sleeping.
The thief came in, i was sleeping.
The thief was carrying my TV ut, i was sleeping.
总结：1.when 之后可长亦可短，while之后只可长；
若是两个都为长，while来把纽带当。
2.when引导的过去进行时要注意句中两个动作，瞬间动词用的是动词的过去式，延续性动词用的是现在分词形式；while在过去进行时中使用时，后面必须是进行时且动词是 延续性 动词。
例题精讲
1.我在吃早餐的时候，电话响了。
When I was having breakfast, the telephne rang.
2.当我进教室的时候，老师正在等我。
When I entered the classrm, the teacher was waiting fr me.
3.Mary _____a dress when she cut her finger.
made B.is making C.was making D.makes
举一反三
1.As she _____the newspaper ，Granny _____asleep.
read ;was falling B.was reading ;fell C.was reading;was falling D.read;fell
2.他在骑自行车的时候，伤了腿。
While he was riding a bike, he hurt his leg.
3.我在做作业，我妈妈在看电视。
While I was ding my hmewrk, my mther was watching TV.
4.他弟弟在看电视的时候，他在看报纸。
He _ a newspaper while his brther______TV.
5. What ______ frm three t fur yesterday afternn?
A have yu dne B had yu dne C did yu d D were yu ding
6. – I call yu yesterday evening， but there was n answer．
－ Oh．， I’m srry I _____ dinner at my friend’s hme．
A hme B had C was having D have had
7. My mther _____ while my father _____TV．
A cked； was watching B was cking； was watching
C was cked； watched D cked； watched
8. When I gt hme， my sn _____ the music．
A am listening t B listened t C was listening t D was listening
9.We heard a cry when we ______ TV last night．
A were watching B wuld watch C watch D watched
10.She asked him whether he _____ back fr lunch．
A cme B was cming C came D had cme
11.Culd yu tell me when ______?
A she is cming B she was cming C will be cme D is he cming
12.The teacher ______ when I came int the classrm．
A is drawing B draws C has drawn D was drawing
课堂检测
1.The twins didn’t g t the theatre. They __D____the light music at that time.
A. have enjyed B.will enjy C.are enjying D.were enjying
2.She _D____t an English prgram while her parents_____TV.
A.was listening; is watching B.listened; were watching
C.was listening;watched D.was listening; were watching
3.—Yesterday Suzy fell ver and was hurt badly while she _B____a snwball.
---I’m srry t hear that.
A.made B.was making C.makes D.is making
4.It started t rain while I __was flying___(fly) a kite in the park.
5.Lily was shpping while Lucy __was taking__(take) exercise at 6:00 this mrning.
总结：
1.过去进行时的定义、结构、标志词
2.在过去进行时中：when后可长亦可短，while之后只可长
若是两个都为长，while来把纽带当
3.延续性动词与瞬间性动词的总结
课后作业
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. While we __________ (wait) fr the bus, a girl __________ (run) up t us.
2. I __________ (telephne) a friend when Bb __________ (cme) in.
3. Jim __________ (jump) n the bus as it __________ (mve) away.
4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (g) ff.
5. She __________ (nt want) t stay in bed while the thers ________________ (all, wrk) in the fields.
6. While mther ________ (put) Cathy t bed, the dr bell ________ (ring).
7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) t rain.
8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) f becming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).
9. It was quite late at night. Gerge __________ (read) and Amy __________ (ply) her needle when they __________ (hear) a knck at the dr.
10. There __________ (be) a grup rund the fire when they __________ (reach) it. An ld wman __________ (sit) n the grund near the kettle; tw small children __________ (lie) near her; a dnkey __________ (bend) his head ver a tall girl.
11. I _____ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday mrning.
12. Mary _____ (g) ver her lessns frm six t seven last night. Jhn and peter ____(d) the same thing.
13. What _____ yu ___ (d) at that time? We _____ (watch) TV.
14. Was yur father at hme yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _____ (listen) t the radi.
15. They _____(nt make) a mdel ship when I saw him.
16.— _____ they ____ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternn?
—N, they _____. They _____ (clean) the classrm.
17. ______ it ______(rain) when yu left schl? Yes, it ____. (N, it ____)
18. What _____ yur father _____ (d) when he was yur age?
二、单项选择
1. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready t fly t England.
A. are getting B. get C. were getting D. gt
2. Lei Feng _____ always _____ f thers when he ______ in the army.
A. is, thinking, was B. was, thinking, is C. did, think, is D. was, thinking, was
3. A girl ______ my pen fall ff the table when she _____ me.
A. saw, passed B. was seeing, passed C. was seeing, passed D. was seeing, was passing
4. We ____ fr tm at ten last Sunday. He ften kept us ______.
A. were waiting, waiting B. were waiting, wait C. waited, waiting D. waited, wait
5. He ____ his father n the farm the whle afternn last Saturday.
A. helps B. wuld help C. was helping D. is helping
6. While mther _______ sme washing, I _____ a kite fr Kate.
A. did, made B. was ding, made C. was ding, was making D. did, was making
7. “Why_______ yu angry then?” “Because they ______ t much nise.”
A. are, were making B. were, were making C. are, made D. were, made
8. He ____ sme cking at that time, s _____ me
A. did, heard B. did, didn’t hear C. was ding, heard D. was ding, didn’t hear
过去进行时
一、过去进行时的基本结构：
was\were +ding
二、过去进行时的提示词：
常和表示过去的时间状语如then, at that time, at this time yesterday, at ten yesterday, frm six t eight last night等, 或用另一动作来表示过去的时间.
三、过去进行时的使用范围：
(1)表示过去某一时刻动作正在进行；
I was reading when mther came in. 当妈妈进来时，我正在看书.
I was watching TV at six last night. 昨天晚上六点钟我正在看电视。
(2)表示过去某一时刻一直在做某事；
Tm was singing frm six t eight last night. 汤姆昨晚六点到八点一直在唱歌。
(3)过去进行时常与always和时间副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩。
Jack was always changing his mind. 杰克总是在改变他的主意。
四、过去进行时在使用是的注意点：
(1)注意含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中过去进行时的运用：
①主句中的动作先于从句中的动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，主句用过去进行时，从句常用一般过去时。
②从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。
③若主句、从句动作开始时间不存在先后关系（即同时发生）或无所谓先后时，主从句可同时使用过去进行时，此时的时间状语从句一般由while来引导。
常用的句式有，“while+过去进行时（延续动词），一般过去时”、“过去进行时（延续）+while+过去进行时（延续）”、“过去进行时（延续），when +一般过去时”
I was playing cmputer games when my mther came hme. 妈妈回来的时候，我正在打电脑游戏。
While I was playing cmputer games, my mther came hme. 当我正在大电脑游戏的时候，妈妈到家了。
I was ding my hmewrk while my mther was cking. 我正在做作业，而妈妈正在做饭。
典例讲解
单项选择
（ ）1.我在照看孩子.
(A)I am lking after the baby. (B)I'm lk aftering the baby.
(C)I lk am aftering the baby. (D)I lking after the baby.
( )2._____friend's making______a kite.
(A)I,me (B) My,my (C)My,me (D)His,his
( )3.Is the wman wearing______ yellw yur teacher?
(A)in (B)putting n (C)wearing (D)having
( )4.Lk!The twins_____their mther d the husewrk.
(A)are wanting (B)help (C)are helping (D)are lking
( )5._____are the birds ding? They are singing in a tree.
(A)Wh (B)What (C)Hw (D)Where
( )6.Is she____smething?
(A)eat (B)eating (C)eatting (D)eats
( )7.你在干什么?
(A)What is yu ding? (B)What are yu d? (C)What are yu ding? (D)What d yu d?
( )8.What are yu listening_____?
(A)/ (B)fr (C)at (D)t
( )9.我正在听他说话.
(A)I listening t him. (B)I'm listening t him. (C)I'm listen t him. (D)I'm listening him.
( )10.They are_____their clthes.
(A)makeing (B)putting (C)put away (D)putting n
( )11.Listen! She____in the classrm.
(A)is singing (B)sing (C)t sing (D)is sing
( )12.Tday Jim______ his white shirt and brwn trusers.
(A)is putting n (B)wear (C)put n (D)is wearing
( )13.______are yu eating?I'm eating______meat.
(A)What,sme (B)Which,any (C)Where,nt (D)What,a
( )14.They______TV in the evening.They d their hmewrk.
(A)are watching (B)can't watching (C)dn't watch (D)dn't watching
( )15.The children_____ftball.
(A)is playing (B)are playing (C)play the (D)play a
( )16.They are flying kites.
(A)他们喜欢放风筝. (B)他们在放风筝吗? (C)他们在放风筝. (D)他们常放风筝.
( )17.Lk,They are swimming in the river. I want_____yu.
(A)t g with (B)g with (C)helping (D)help
( ) is_____a new bike tday.
(A)jumping (B)running (C)riding (D)takeing
Keys：
1-5ACCCB 6-10 BCDBD 11-15ADABB 16-18CAB
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