2020中考英语二轮复习语法第十六讲主谓一致资料（通用版）

就近原则就近原则：当主语由以下词语连接时，谓语动词要与邻近的主语保持一致 or（或者）either...or（或者...或者）neither...nor（既不...也不）not only...but also（不仅...而且）not...but（不是...而是）There be句型 Eg: He or I am going to clean the room.他或者我将要打扫房间 I or he is going to clean the room.我或者他将要打扫房间  Either Lucy or her sisters go shopping every week.每周要么Lucy要么她的姐姐们去购物 Either lucy’s sisters or she goes shopping every week.每周要么Lucy的姐姐们要么她自己去购物  Neither the books nor the pen is hers那些书和那只钢笔都不是她的 Neither the pen nor the books are hers.那支笔和那些书都不是她的  Not only Tom but also his parents are good at speaking English.不仅Tom而且他的爸爸和妈妈都很擅长说英语 Not only Tom’s parents but also he is good at speaking English.不仅Tom的爸爸和妈妈而且他也很擅长说英语  Not Lucy and Lily but their brother has a dog.不是Lucy和Lily，而是他们的弟弟有一条狗 Not their bother but Lucy and Lily have a dog.不是她们的弟弟，而是Lucy和Lily有一条狗  There is a book and two pens on the desk桌子上有一本书和两只钢笔 There are two pens and a book on the desk.桌子上有两支笔和一本书  就远原则就远原则：当主语由以下词语连接时，谓语动词要与较远的主语保持一致 with（和）along with（和）together with（和）combined with （和）as well as （和）except（除了）besides（除了...还）but（除了）in addition to（除了...还）apart from（除了）like（像）such as（例如）including（包含）rather than（而不是）more than one（不止一个）no less than（不亚于）  The woman with his two daughters goes shopping every weekend.那位女士和她的两个女儿每周末都去购物。   Lucy and Lily ,together with Mary,take dancing lessons after school.Lucy 和Lily，还有Mary放学之后要上舞蹈课   The pen ,combined with two books ,is hers.那支钢笔和两本书都是她的   The parents as well as their daughter are good at speaking English那对父母和他们的女儿都很擅长说英语   No one except me knows the news除了我没人知道那个消息   Noboday but two girls is in the classroom.班级里除了2个女孩没有其他人  The teacher ,in addition to his students,is interested in the book.除了老师，学生们也对那本书感兴趣   Everyone apart from Tom and Tim passes the exam.  除了Tom和Tim 其他人都通过了考试   Questions like/（such as）this one are difficulty to answer像这种的问题很难回答   All the students including Tom pass the exam. 所有学生包括Tom都通过了考试   Tom rather than his sisters has finished doing homework.Tom而不是他的姐姐完成了作业    More students than one has finished reading the book.   不过more than通常不分开，所以常见句子会是这样的   More than one student has finished reading the book.   不止一个学生读完了那本书  14.My brother,no less than I,is a basketball fan.我的弟弟不亚于我，也是一个篮球迷    就后原则 就后原则：当以下短语后接名词时，谓语动词取决于后面所加名词形式。 some ofnone of most ofthe rest ofall ofhalf of分数+of百分数+of Eg: Some of the students are from America.一些学生来自美国（are取决于，复数名词students） Some of the news is wrong.有一些消息是错误的（is取决于，不可数名词news）   None of the boys are 10 years old.男孩儿中没有一个是10岁的（are取决于，复数名词boys） None of the information is correct.信息没有一个是正确的（is取决于，不可数名词information）   Most of the students are girls.大多数学生是女孩（are取决于，复数名词girls） Most of the water is wasted.大部分水都被浪费了（is取决于，不可数名词water）   The rest of the books are theirs.剩下的书是他们的（are取决于，复数名词books） The rest of the beef is eaten by the dog.剩下的牛肉狗狗吃了（is取决于，不可数名词beef）   All of the apples are very expensive.所有的苹果都很贵（are取决于，复数名词apples） All of the milk is very expensive所有的牛奶都很贵（is取决于，不可数名词milk）   Half of the students have finished the homework.一半的学生已经完成了作业（have取决于，复数名词students） Half of the homework has been finished.一半的作业已经被写完了 （has取决于，不可数名词homework）   Two thirds of the cities in China are larger than Japan.中国三分之二的城市都比日本大（are取决于，复数名词cities） Two thirds of the wine is on sale.三分之二的酒在减价销售（is取决于，不可数名词wine）   Ninety percent of the students are reading books.90%的学生都在读书（are取决于，复数名词students） Fifty percent of the water was polluted in the accident.在那场事故中一半的水都被污染了（was取决于，不可数名词water）   单数原则 常见谓语动词用单数情况 一、不定代词either of ,neither of,one of,each,every,more than one, many a, Eg:1.Either of you needs to clean the room.你们两个中的一个人需要打扫房间 2.Neither of the books is worth reading.这两本书都不值得读 3.One of the langest rivers in the world is Changjiang River.世界上最长的河之一是长江 4.Each student has an English book.每个学生都有一本书 5.Every coin has two sides.凡事都有两面性 6.More than one boy wants to get a car.不止一个男孩想要一辆汽车 7.Many a student doesn’t want to do homework.许多学生都不想做作业  二、复合不定代词 Someone,somebody,somethingAnyone,anybody,anythingEveryone,everybody,everythingNo one,nobody,nothing Eg: Someone is singing in the classroom.有人在教室里面唱歌  Anyone needs to be quiet in the libiary.任何人在图书馆里都需要保持安静  Everyting goes well.一切都好  Nothing is wrong with your computer.你的电脑没问题  三、动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语 Eg: Reading books in one of my hobbies.读书是我的爱好之一  To say is one thing and to do is another说是一回事，做是另一回事  When and where to build the new school is not decided yet.什么时候在什么地方建造学校还没有决定 What he said is wrong.他说的都是错的  三、and 连接的两个单数名词表示同一人，同一事件或同一概念时 Eg: The actor and singer is very famous.那名演员兼歌手很出名  Bread and butter is a popular breakfast in Britain.黄油面包在英国是很受欢迎的一种早餐  The knife and fork has been washed by me.我已经洗过刀叉了 四、由every、no、each、many a修饰的名词单数，由and连接时，谓语动词还是用单数 Eg: Every student and every teacher has left school.每个学生和老师都已经离开了学校  No boy and no girl likes the book.没有男孩和女孩喜欢那本书  Each man and woman needs to be treated equally.每个男人和女人应该被公平对待  Many a sheep and many a cow is eating grass on the farm.许多羊和牛在农场上吃草  五、表示时间，数目，距离，重量，金钱等名词复数做主语时当做整体来看，谓语动词用单数 Eg: Two hours is enough for you to do your homework.两小时足够你写作业了  The number of the students is sixty.学生的数量是50人  Five kilometers is too far for them to run.5千米对于他们来说太远了而跑不了  80 kilograms means you should exercise.80公斤意味着你该锻炼身体了  100 yuan is paid to the shopkeeper.100元被付给了店主  六、数学中的四则运算 Eg:  Three and five is eight.三加五等于八  Three times five is fifteen.三乘以五等于十五  Ten minus four is six.十减四等于六