2020版高考英语精准备考一轮新高考地区（鲁琼辽）专用版讲义：Book1Module3



基础知识默写
1．distance n．距离→distant adj.遥远的；远处的
2．abandoned adj.被遗弃的→abandon v．遗弃；抛弃
3．expert n．专家 adj.熟练的；内行的
4．product n．产品→production n．生产；产品→producer n．生产者；制片人→produce vt.生产 n．农产品
5．scenery n．风景；景色
6．shoot vt.射杀，拍摄
7．journey n．旅程
8．train vt.训练 n．火车→training n．训练
9．frighten vt.使吃惊；惊吓→frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的
10．apartment n．(美)公寓；单元住宅
11．interview n．面试；面谈→interviewer n．(面试时的)主考官；面谈者→interviewee n．参加面试者
12．event n．事件
13．downtown adj.商业区的；市中心的
14．exhausted adj.疲惫不堪的→exhausting adj.令人疲惫不堪的→exhaust vt.使疲惫不堪→exhaustion n．疲惫不堪
15．ceremony n．仪式
16．camel n．骆驼
17．desert n．沙漠
18．diamond n．钻石
19．midnight n．半夜
20．soil n．土壤
21．circus n．马戏团
22．stadium n．运动场；体育场
23．eagle n．鹰
24．kindergarten n．幼儿园
25．cartoon n．卡通；漫画
26．vacuum n．真空；空白
27．souvenir n．纪念品
28．refer to指的是；查阅；涉及；提到
29．more than多于，不仅仅，非常
30．get on/off上/下(车、船等)
31．get into上(车)；进入，陷入；习惯于……
32．get out of下(车)；从……出去；逃避
33．take off(飞机)起飞；变得成功；脱掉(衣服)
34．be short for是……的缩写/简称
35．not...any more不再
36．out of date过时
37．at a speed of以……的速度
38．And what a ride！一次多么美妙的乘车经历啊！
39．Would you mind if I saw your ticket?
你介意我看一下你的票吗？
40．I remember the day my father tried to teach me how to ride a bicycle.
我记得父亲教我学骑自行车的那一天。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned(abandon) bricks of different ages.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
2．Despite the poor service of the hotel，the manager is reluctant to invest in sufficient training(train) for his staff.(2018·江苏)
3．Failure is probably the most exhausting(exhaust) experience a person ever has.(2016·天津)
4．It snows all the year round in that distant(distance) little village.
5．In order to impress at a job interview，you need to bond with the interviewer(interview) right away.
6．In fact，the photos were shot(shoot) from 1914 through 1916，and most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难)，by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
7．The company is cutting production(product) costs in an attempt to sharpen its competitive edge.
8．Going into hospital can be very frightening(frighten) for a child.
9．Several days later，when the video was played on the graduation ceremony(典礼)，it was well received.(2017·北京)
10．Some language experts(专家) believe that 10,000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
11．In summer，fresh air is comfortable to breathe and natural scenery(风景) is pleasant to enjoy.(2016·四川)
12．A powerful person or organization is able to control or influence people and events(事件)．
13．The traffic downtown(市区) was held up for a while because of the annual holiday parade.
14．Even though the conference hall is near his apartment(公寓)，he has to hurry a little if he wants to be punctual.
15．The journey(旅程) my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.(2016·天津)
Ⅱ.选词成篇

Have you ever heard of CRH？Actually it 1.is short for China Railway High­speed，which 2.refers to the high­speed trains in China.China has one­sixth of the world’s railway lines.However，it is far from enough.China’s economy 3.has taken off since the launch of opening­up policy.We need an efficient means of transport 4.more than any other country in the world.

Especially during holidays，with too many passengers 5.getting on the trains，the situation becomes a headache.6.To get out of the trouble，recently，the State Council(国务院) has approved an ambitious plan to build 28,000 kilometres of railways by 2020.The equipment that is 7.out of date will be improved to international standards，enabling the trains to travel 8. at a speed of 300 kilometres per hour.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Given my background and experience，what do you think will be the greatest challenge for me in the beginning？(do you think作插入语)
根据我的背景和经验，你认为我刚开始会遇到的最大的挑战是什么？
2．Would you mind drawing a map for me to show me the directions？(Would you mind doing...？)
你能帮我画张地图帮我指路吗？
3．It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.(what引导的感叹句)
正是在我们快要回到家的时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙。

4．I had no idea what to expect from him in terms of attitude，but he seemed nice when he walked in.(“疑问词＋不定式”结构)
我完全不知道他会表现出怎样的态度，但是从他走进来的动作来看他是个不错的人。

1．交通工具
(1)helicopter n．直升机
(2)motorbike n．摩托车
(3)tram n．电车
(4)rail n．铁轨；铁路
(5)track n．轨道
2．“名词加后缀­en变为动词”词汇一览
(1)fright→frighten使吃惊
(2)threat→threaten恐吓
(3)strength→strengthen加强
(4)length→lengthen(使)变长
3．than短语集合
(1)more than多于，不仅仅
(2)no more than不超过；仅仅
(3)other than除了；不同于
(4)rather than而不是
4．“out of＋n.”表事物性质
(1)out of date过时的
(2)out of order发生故障的
(3)out of reach够不着的
(4)out of work 失业
(5)out of control 失控


(1)at a distance (of) 隔一段距离；从远处
in the distance在远处
from a distance从远处
keep sb.at a distance对某人冷淡，与某人疏远
(2)distant adj.遥远的；远亲的；冷淡的

(1)What is the distance from Beijing to Shanghai?
从北京到上海有多远？
(2)The noise of the car died away in the distance.
汽车的声音消失在远方。
(3)It’s better for you to keep him at a distance.
你最好不要和他亲近。
易错点拨　表示“在远处”既可用at a distance，也可用in the distance，两个短语中的介词和冠词不可互换。in the distance的意思虽为“在远处”，但是指望得见或听得见的地方。

(1)frighten sb./sth.away/off把某人/物吓走
frighten sb.into/out of doing sth.吓唬某人做/不做某事
(2)frightened adj.恐惧的，害怕的，受惊的
be frightened to do sth.不敢做某事；害怕做某事
be frightened of/that...害怕……
(3)frightening adj.令人恐惧的，可怕的

(1)Seeing this，I was surprised.Meanwhile，my horse got frightened(frighten)，jumped up，and ran around wildly.(2018·浙江)
(2)He frightened the old lady into signing the paper.
(3)To see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frightening(frighten)．
(4)[一句多译]　一想到即将到来的考试，我心里就发毛。
①The thought of my coming exam frightened me.(frighten)
②What frightened me was the thought of my coming exam.(what主语从句)
③I was frightened at the thought of my coming exam.(frightened)

(1)refer...to...把……提交给……
refer to...as...把……称为……
(2)reference n．提及；涉及；参考；参考书
in/with reference to关于……
for reference以备查阅；以供参考

(1)The book referred(refer) to is not in the library.
(2)The Chinese refer to their language as Han，as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.
[写出下列句子中refer to的汉语意思]
(3)Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary.查阅
(4)When I said some people were stupid，I wasn’t referring to you.指的是
(5)Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.参考
(6)The new law does not refer to the land used for farming.涉及；提到
[联想发散]　“查词典”的各种表达形式：
turn to a dictionary，refer to a dictionary，consult a dictionary，look...up in a dictionary。

take down拆除；写下
take up接受；开始；继续；占用；从事
take on开始雇用；呈现；承担
take in吸收；领会；欺骗
take over接管

[写出下列句子中take off的汉语意思]
(1)The plane took off on time.起飞
(2)She asked to take two days off the following week.请假
(3)I took off my T­shirt and dived into the water.(2018·全国Ⅱ)脱掉
(4)Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.(2016·江苏)(事业)腾飞
[完成句子]
(5)He did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.他并不特别想从事竞技体育运动。

be short of...缺少……；缺乏……
in short简言之；总之
for short简略为；简称
to be short简言之
shortly speaking简而言之

(1)Her name’s Joe—it is short for(是……的缩写) Josephine.
(2)Cities tend to be short of(缺乏) trees，which provide shade，and they are covered with black pavement，which absorbs heat from the sun.(2018·湖北调研)
(3)The rumour，in short(总之)，is not to be trusted.


(1)what引导感叹句时，后面接名词，其结构为：
What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
What＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
What＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
(2)how引导感叹句时，后面接形容词或副词，其结构为：
How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！
How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！
How＋主语＋谓语！

(1)Before you came over，I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.(2018·天津)
在你们来之前，我从未意识到我住在一个多么美丽的地方。
[同义句改写]
(2)What a satisfying position this company provides!
→How satisfying a position this company provides!

(3)What a blessing this young man was to our family！He was so sweet and kind to do this.
(2018·全国Ⅲ)
这个年轻人的到访对我们家来说是多么的幸运啊！他这么做真是太温柔体贴了。

Would you mind if I saw your ticket？
你介意我看一下你的票吗？


(1)mind表示“介意，反对”，常用于下列句型：
Would you mind if...did...？某人做……你介意吗？
Do you mind if...do...？某人做……你介意吗？
Would/Do you mind doing...？请你做……好吗？
Would/Do you mind sb./sb.’s doing...？某人做……你反对吗？
(2)应注意该句型的答语：表示“不介意”多使用：Of course not./Certainly not./No，not at all./No，go ahead./No，please do./No，I don’t.；如果表示“介意，反对”，常用下列回答：I’m sorry，you’d better not./I’m sorry，it’s not allowed./Sorry，but I do.。

(1)If you were in a hurry，would you mind ordering something else instead?
如果您赶时间的话，您是否介意点些别的呢？
(2)Would you mind satisfying my curiosity on a point which has bothered me for some time？有个问题困扰了我一段时间，你愿意满足我的好奇心吗？
(3)[一句多译]　你介不介意我现在给你指出个错误？
①Would you mind if I pointed out a mistake to you now?
②Do you mind if I point out a mistake to you now?
③Would/Do you mind my/me pointing out a mistake to you now?


Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I was so frightened(frighten) that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet.
2．However，these plans were abandoned(abandon) because of financial problems.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
3．After the wedding，Richard returned home，exhausted(exhaust) but delighted.
4．The shop opens late on Fridays because of staff training(train)．
5．Thanks for agreeing to do this interview.Would you mind sharing(share) with our audience a little bit about yourself and your websites?
6．Today I’m in high spirits and I’m going to take you for a nice stroll(散步) in the forest to let you know what a magic tropical rain forest is.
7．As the aircraft was ready to take off，all the passengers fastened their seat belts.
8．The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live(live) more with less.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
9．Some analysts(分析员) estimate that food production(produce) will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels.(2018·天津)
10．Jim records his workout so that he can refer to it and think about how he should improve next day.

Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于旅行)
1．去年，一位英语专家骑骆驼穿越了一个大沙漠，整个过程令人恐惧而且疲惫不堪。(形容词化的v.­ing)
2．后来我在一个仪式上得到了一个采访他的机会。(to do作定语)
3．我问他：“你是否介意分享你对这次旅行的感受？”(Would you mind doing...？)
4．他说，他非常开心能够这样做。(more than)
5．我接着问他：“你认为刚开始让你印象最深刻的是什么？”(do you think作插入语)
6．他认为独特的风景让他印象深刻，并且一直思考如何用文字描述这美景。(疑问词＋to do)
7．他还告诉我如果我需要进一步的信息，可以查阅他发布在社交网站上的旅行日志。(if 条件句，v.­ed作定语)
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
Last year,11.an expert in English rode a camel through a big desert，which 12.was frightening and exhausting.Later I got 13.a chance to interview him in a ceremony.I asked him，“14.Would you mind sharing your feelings and thoughts about the journey？”He said 15.he was more than delighted to do so.I continued to ask him，“16.What do you think impressed you most in the beginning？”He thought 17.the unique scenery made a deep impression on him，and wondered 18.how to describe the beauty with words.Besides，he informed me that 19.if I needed any further information，I could refer to his travel journal posted on the social website.

Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：文娱　难度星级：☆☆
(2019·四川成都七中质检)
Steven Spielberg never fails to blow us away with his imagination.
The US director’s latest film Ready Player One，which was released in Chinese cinemas on March 30，is a story set in the year 2045，when people escape their hopeless everyday lives by putting on a VR mask and entering a virtual world named Oasis.This fantasy land is filled with characters and settings right out of classic films and video games.At the age of 71，Spielberg is still at the top of his game.
Indeed，Spielberg has always been a “gamer” himself—or more precisely，a “game changer”．When his thriller Jaws came out in 1975，it struck a chord with audiences all around the world and even kept people from going swimming for fear of the “teeth in the sea”．The film was also an example of what we know as summer hits.And again in 1982 his alien film E．T.the Extra­Terrestrial，Spielberg challenged people’s belief that aliens are something to be feared by telling a story about a loving friendship between a space culture and a little boy.
Now comes Ready Player One.When Wade Watts，the film’s teenager leading figure，finally prevents Oasis from falling into the wrong hands，he is given ownership of the virtual world by its late designer James Haliday.But Watts makes a decision that he hopes will make people want to appreciate their real lives，instead of spending all their free time escaping reality in Oasis，which is a real­life message that Spielberg is trying to deliver to the audience.
语篇解读　本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文。介绍了著名的导演斯皮尔伯格最近导演的新电影《头号玩家》，并介绍了他的另外两部电影及其拍摄电影的风格。

20．Why Spielberg is regarded as a “game changer”？
A．Because his movies are very thrilling.
B．Because his movies are always leading the trend.
C．Because he could make a breakthrough at the age of 71.
D．Because he tries to convey an important message to his audiences.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段中举的例子可知，斯皮尔伯格虽然已经71岁了，但是他仍然不落后潮流，拍摄出了符合时代的电影。故B项正确。
21．What message does Spielberg try to send to his audiences in his latest movie Ready Player One?
A．We shouldn’t escape from reality.
B．He holds an optimistic view about human’s future.
C．There might be friendships between aliens and human beings.
D．VR technology will be widely used in our society in the future.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“But Watts makes a decision that he hopes will make people want to appreciate their real lives，instead of spending all their free time escaping reality in Oasis，which is a real­life message that Spielberg is trying to deliver to the audience.”可知，在《头号玩家》这部电影里斯皮尔伯格想告诉我们：要欣赏真实的生活而不是逃避现实。故A项正确。
22．What is the best title of this passage?
A．A Leading Director—Spielberg
B．Spielberg’s Life Achievements
C．Famous Blockbusters
D．A Game Changer—Spielberg
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文。介绍了著名的导演斯皮尔伯格最近导演的新电影《头号玩家》，并介绍了他的另外两部电影及其拍摄电影的风格。故D项正确。
话题：旅游　难度星级：☆
(2018·河北衡水中学五调)
Philadelphia offers a ton of attractions that are suitable for people of every age and here are some family­friendly attractions.
Spruce Street Harbor Park
Spruce Street Harbor Park，one of the best urban beaches in America，is an outdoor heaven on the Delaware River waterfront.Visitors can relax in a hammock，play on the playgrounds，and play games like table tennis and giant chess.Don’t miss out on the park at night when colorful LED lights hanging from treetops make the entire area bright.
Blue Cross RiverRink
Offering ice skating in the winter and roller skating in the summer，Blue Cross RiverRink creates a fun，outdoor experience for the whole family.Visitors can play on the nine­hole mini­golf course during the summer，and enjoy eats and drinks from the on­site(现场的) bar and restaurant all year round.
Sesame Place
Big Bird，Elmo and the other stars of Sesame Street come out and play at Sesame Place，the only theme park in the nation starring the popular TV show’s most lovable characters.A water park，interactive activities，parades，fireworks and shows add to the fun.
Once Upon a Nation Storytelling Benches
On summer days，uniformed and professional storytellers at 13 storytelling benches throughout Philadelphia’s Historic District entertain visitors with true，free，three­to­five minute tales about the colonial(殖民的) era as part of Once Upon a Nation.Children can pick up a Story Flag at any storytelling bench，and then collect a star from every storyteller on their journeys.Flags with all the stars can get free rides on the Parx Liberty Carousel at Franklin Square.
语篇解读　本文是一则旅游广告，主要介绍了美国费城适合家庭出游的旅游景点，包含游玩项目及特色等相关信息。

23．Who would most probably go to Spruce Street Harbor Park?
A．People who are fond of colorful lights.
B．People who want to have a relaxing day.
C．People who have a preference for skating.
D．People who are interested in water activities.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据Spruce Street Harbor Park中的第二句“Visitors can relax in a hammock，play on the playgrounds，and play games like table tennis and giant chess.”可知，在云杉街海港公园人们可以在吊床上休息，在操场上玩耍、打乒乓球等，从而得到很好的放松。由此可知，想要放松自己的人们可以去该公园。
24．Which place would fans of Big Bird be interested in?
A．Sesame Place.
B．Blue Cross RiverRink.
C．The Parx Liberty Carousel.
D．Spruce Street Harbor Park.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据Sesame Place部分的第一句“Big Bird，Elmo and the other stars of Sesame Street come out and play at Sesame Place，the only theme park in the nation starring the popular TV show’s most lovable characters.”可知，大鸟的粉丝们会对芝麻街感兴趣。
25．What can we know about Philadelphia Storytelling Benches?
A．It can be visited all year round.
B．It has educational significance.
C．It is available at a small charge.
D．It is aimed at serving the public.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据Once Upon a Nation Storytelling Benches部分的第一句可知，费城故事台为游客讲述殖民时期的故事，是具有教育意义的。
话题：现代技术　难度星级：☆☆☆
(2019·江西玉山一中期中)
Imagine you’re standing in line to buy an after­school snack at a store.You step up to the counter and the cashier scans your food.Next，you have to pay.But instead of scanning a QR code(二维码) with your smartphone，you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint.Or，a camera scans your face，your eyes or even your ear.
Now，this type of technology might not be far away.As technology companies move away from the traditional password，biometric(生物识别的) security，which includes fingerprint，face and voice ID，is becoming increasingly popular.
In 2013，Apple introduced the iPhone 5s，one of the first smartphones with a fingerprint scanner.Since then，using one’s fingerprint to unlock a phone and make mobile payments has become commonplace，bringing convenience to our lives.And since last year，Samsung has featured eye­scanning technology in its top smartphones，while Apple’s new iPhone Ⅹ can even scan a user’s face.But despite its popularity，experts warn that biometrics might not be as secure as we’d imagined.“Biometrics are ideally good，but in practice，not so much，” said John Michener，a biometrics expert.
When introducing the new iPhone’s Face ID feature，Phil Schiller，Apple’s senior vice president，said，“The chance that a random person in the population could look at your iPhone Ⅹ and unlock it with their face is about one in a million.” But it’s already been done.In a video posted on community website Reddi，two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone Ⅹ using their own face.And they aren’t even twins.
“We may expect too much from biometrics，” Anil Jain，a computer science professor at Michigan State University，told CBS News.“No security systems are perfect.”
Earlier this year，Jain found a way to trick biometric security.Using a printed copy of a thumbprint，she was able to unlock a dead person’s smartphone for police，according to tech website Splinter.“It’s good to see biometrics being used more，” Jain told CBS News，“because it adds another factors for security.But using multiple security measures is the best defense.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。近年来生物识别技术被广泛运用，如指纹、眼部扫描以及脸部扫描，人们认为这些系统非常安全，但实际情况并非如此，生物识别安全系统并不是完全安全，文章中列举了很多人对生物识别技术的观点。

26．What is the latest technology to unlock a smartphone according to the article?
A．QR code scanning. B．Face scanning.
C．Fingerprint scanning. D．Eye scanning.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“And since last year，Samsung has featured eye­scanning technology in its top smartphones，while Apple’s new iPhone Ⅹ can even scan a user’s face.”可知，苹果公司运用了脸部识别技术，这是最新的生物识别方法。故B项正确。
27．What’s a major problem of the iPhone Ⅹ’s Face ID system?
A．It takes too long to unlock the phone.
B．It often fails to recognize its owner’s face.
C．Face data could be used for other purposes.
D．Different faces could be used to unlock the same phone.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“In a video posted on community website Reddi，two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone Ⅹ using their own face.And they aren’t even twins.”可知，有两个兄弟用自己的脸解开了同一个苹果手机，而且他们不是双胞胎。故D项正确。
28．What does Anil Jain think of biometric security?
A．It’s as secure as traditional measures.
B．It has caused much trouble for police.
C．It should be used with other security measures.
D．It is perfect without any room for improvement.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Anil Jain认为人们对生物识别期望太高了，没有一种安全系统是完美的。再根据最后一段最后两句可知，Anil Jain认为我们应该使用多样化的安全防范保证安全。也就是说他认为生物识别技术应同其他的安全措施结合使用。故C项正确。
29．The author wrote this article mainly to .
A．describe the popularity of biometrics
B．show how biometrics has changed our lives
C．point out various problems with biometrics
D．discuss the security problems of biometrics
答案　D
解析　主旨大意题。本文是一篇议论文。近年来生物识别技术被广泛运用，如指纹、眼部扫描以及脸部扫描，人们认为这些系统非常安全，但实际情况并非如此，生物识别安全系统并不是完全安全，文章中列举了很多人对生物识别技术的观点。故D项正确。
Ⅳ.七选五
The best way to get around a city may be driving a car.Indeed，it could be a little inconvenient for you to travel from one point to another if you don’t own a car. 30 But don’t worry.There are car rental companies that can help you with your traveling needs at any time.If you’re planning on a vacation during a major holiday like Christmas，consider hiring a car for you and your family.The benefits of doing so are as follows：
Some rental companies even include a driver with every car rented.Imagine yourself with a driver taking you to your destination and waiting to drive you back home. 31
Even if you have to drive the car by yourself，you can benefit from hiring a car because you can take the shortest route to your destination. 32 This is the exact opposite of having to ride the bus，which has to keep to its route no matter how jammed the roads are.
33 This is especially true for the ones hired from reputable rental companies.If you have planned your holiday in a hurry，you might have missed checking on your car’s condition.If this is the case，you’re better off with a rented car because it will not break down on your way at all.
Traveling in your own car is a lot more comfortable than riding the train or bus.You can stop at any time if you need to grab(抓住) something. 34 All in all，your travel experience is going to be a lot better in a hired car compared to traveling on public transport.
A．Cars for hire are mostly well­maintained.
B．Being in the driver seat，you’re in full control.
C．This way，even parking becomes the least of your concerns.
D．Some car rental companies require that you show proof of insurance.
E．While you can always use public transport，it can be quite unreliable sometimes.
F．Reputable local car rental companies are also present，which are often a little cheaper.
G．You can travel at the speed that you prefer and you can see all the scenery on the way.
语篇解读　如果你没有属于自己的车，你可以搭乘公共交通工具去旅行，但是搭乘公共交通工具时你无法控制路线，即使道路拥堵，你也无可奈何。但如果你租车去旅行，其益处会有很多。

30．答案　E
解析　前文说到你自己如果没有车，去某个地方会有点不方便，后文说到不用担心，并给出了一个解决方法，因此此处应该是提供了一个不理想的方案，故E项“虽然你可以总是使用公共交通工具，但是有时候它不是很可靠”符合此处语境。
31．答案　C
解析　此段在讲述有些租车公司会给你配司机，司机会开车送你到目的地，并等着把你送回家，所以此处应该说配备司机的好处，故C项“这样的话，就连停车也会成为你最不用担心的一个问题”符合语境。
32．答案　B
解析　根据设空处后一句可知，如果坐公交车，路线是不能由自己决定的，此处应该与此情况相反，故B项“坐在驾驶座上，你可以完全掌控”符合语境。
33．答案　A
解析　根据本段最后一句“...you’re better off with a rented car because it will not break down on your way at all”可知，此处在讲述租车公司的车辆状况有保障，故A项“所租车辆大多是保养良好的”符合语境。
34．答案　G
解析　根据后文的总结性句子可知，此处在讲述旅行体验，故G项“你可以按你喜欢的速度行驶，也能看见路上所有的风景”符合语境。
Ⅴ.完形填空

(2018·嘉兴模拟)
I was really nervous this year because I was in a new class.It 35 me that I didn’t know anyone in the class.But 36 I didn’t know anyone，I had the 37 to do something I love—people watching.
The girl sitting behind me was always laughing and talking happily.She was one of the very few people who made every 38 to acknowledge me.
At the end of the year，we were 39 to do a big open­ended project where the 40 were basically to read something，then watch something related to it，and then 41 a presentation based on what we learned.
On the presentation day，that girl 42 in front of the class，and told everyone how she had read about eating disorders，because she herself had 43 with one.As it was too difficult for her to talk about it 44 ，she had made a movie，where she had 45 some people about their eating disorders and how they had felt and 46 them eventually.After the presentation，almost 47 was in tears.Several people commented on how 48 she was to stand up and talk about it，and how strong she was to have got over the disorder.
I never 49 she would have a problem like that because she always seemed 50 .Her courage to talk about something so 51 in public and her strength to get through her difficulties have 52 me.I’ve also learned how difficult it is to 53 people.You never know what type of person someone is just by 54 for a term.
语篇解读　作者最初到新班级时非常紧张，坐在她后面的那个女孩总是很开心地谈笑风生。但在一次完成班级作业时，那个女孩分享了自己饮食失调的问题，并拍摄了一个采访有类似疾病人群的影片，令全班人感动不已。作者由此感悟到不能只凭观察来评判某个人。

35．A.pleased B．confused
C．interested D．scared
答案　D
解析　pleased高兴的；confused困惑的；interested感兴趣的；scared害怕的。根据开头的“I was really nervous this year...”以及空后的“that I didn’t know anyone in the class”可知，作者到新学校，谁也不认识所以感到很害怕。故选D。
36．A.since B．if
C．before D．unless
答案　A
解析　since既然，因为；if如果；before在……之前；unless除非。根据“do something I love”可知，因为不认识这里的任何人，所以我可以做自己喜欢的事情。前后是因果关系。故选A。
37．A.honor B．right
C．chance D．duty
答案　C
解析　honor荣誉；right权利；chance机会；duty职责。根据“do something I love”可知，作者可以有机会做自己喜欢的事情。故选C。
38．A.discovery B．progress
C．remark D．attempt
答案　D
解析　discovery发现；progress进步；remark评论；attempt尝试。根据空后的“to acknowledge me”可知，作者身后的女孩想要试着了解她。make attempt to do sth.尝试做某事。故选D。
39．A.forced B．required
C．allowed D．reminded
答案　B
解析　force强迫；require需要；allow允许；remind提醒。根据“At the end of the year，we were to do a big open­ended project”可知，作为学生，我们是被要求做课题。故选B。
40．A.instructions B．purposes
C．catalogues D．references
答案　A
解析　instruction指示，说明；purpose目的；catalogue目录；reference参考。根据“were basically to read something，then watch something related to it”可知，学生的任务是读书，看相关视频资料，然后……。故选A。
41．A.try out for B．make use of
C．come up with D．look forward to
答案　C
解析　try out for参加，选拔；make use of利用；come up with提出；look forward to期待。根据语境可知选C。
42．A.turned away B．got up
C．looked down D．came back
答案　B
解析　turn away转过脸去，拒绝(某人)；get up起床，起身；look down向下看；come back回来。根据“in front of the class，and told everyone how she had read about eating disorders”可知，那个女孩起身走到全班同学面前开始展示自己所读的内容。故选B。
43．A.stayed B．begun
C．struggled D．mixed
答案　C
解析　stay待着；begin开始；struggle挣扎，斗争；mix混合。根据“As it was too difficult for her to talk about it”可知，女孩也经历着这种挣扎。故选C。
44．A.directly B．swiftly
C．randomly D．seriously
答案　A
解析　directly直接地；swiftly快速地；randomly随意地；seriously严重地。根据“she had made a movie”可知，因为对于女孩来说，她很难直接说出口，所以她拍摄了一个短片。故选A。
45．A.informed B．consulted
C．supported D．interviewed
答案　D
解析　inform通知；consult咨询；support支持；interview采访。根据“where she had some people about their eating disorders and how they had felt”可知，女孩在影片中采访了一些人。故选D。
46．A.ignored B．overcome
C．improved D．developed
答案　B
解析　ignore忽视；overcome战胜；improve提高，改善；develop发展。根据语境及eventually可知，选B。
47．A.somebody B．anybody
C．everybody D．nobody
答案　C
解析　somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“After the presentation，almost was in tears.”可知，班里几乎每个学生都感动得哭了。故选C。
48．A.reliable B．brave
C．patient D．generous
答案　B
解析　reliable可靠的；brave勇敢的；patient耐心的；generous大方的。根据“she was to stand up and talk about it，and how strong she was to have got over the disorder”可知，女孩能够直面自己的问题在一些人看来是很勇敢的。故选B。
49．A.expected B．admitted
C．suspected D．concluded
答案　A
解析　expect期待，预料；admit承认；suspect怀疑；conclude得出结论。根据上文的“The girl sitting behind me was always laughing and talking happily.”可知，作者从没有想到女孩会有这样的问题。故选A。
50．A.cheerful B．honest
C．curious D．independent
答案　A
解析　cheerful快乐的；honest诚实的；curious好奇的；independent独立的。参见上题解析可知，以前女孩总是展现自己快乐的一面。故选A。
51．A.specific B．professional
C．complex D．personal
答案　D
解析　specific明确的；professional专业的；complex复杂的；personal个人的。根据“Her courage to talk about...in public”可知，饮食紊乱是女孩的私人问题。故选D。
52．A.comforted B．inspired
C．persuaded D．relaxed
答案　B
解析　comfort安慰；inspire激励，鼓舞；persuade劝说；relax放松。根据“Her courage to talk about something so in public and her strength to get through her difficulties”可知，女孩敢于当众说出自己的问题并克服困难的勇气和力量激励着我。故选B。
53．A.amuse B．impress
C．judge D．satisfy
答案　C
解析　amuse逗笑，逗乐；impress使……印象深刻；judge判断；satisfy使满意。根据“You never know what type of person someone is just by for a term.”可知，你很难轻易判断一个人。故选C。
54．A.thinking B．listening
C．communicating D．observing
答案　D
解析　think考虑；listen倾听；communicate沟通；observe观察。根据语境及第一段中的“people watching”可知，作者感悟到仅仅通过观察就来判断一个人是不可行的。故选D。
Ⅵ.语法填空
(2019·台州中学统练)
I can still recall the day 55.when I sat on the stairs of a temple in Nepal.The square before the temple became very muddy as 56.a result of the rain.We had to walk on a path 57.made(make) by a line of bricks on the muddy ground.
A friend of 58.mine(I) complained all the way while she stepped on the bricks walking towards me.Looking around she said very 59.impatiently(patient)，“Disgusting indeed！What if I fall into the dirty water？”
Since I knew her very well，I 60.nodded(nod) cautiously，hoping to comfort her by my silent sympathy.
A few minutes later,61.another friend came to the same scene.She stepped on the brick path dancing briskly and singing，“Jump，jump，jump！” until she reached the dry ground.She couldn’t help 62.shouting(shout)，“What fun it is！” Eyes beaming with joy，she made the remarks，“The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can entirely be free 63.from dust.”
In the eyes of the two there were two different worlds.As the world has a population of 6 billion，it follows that there should be 6 billion 64.worlds(world)．
Ⅶ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Researchers who use animals in psychological experiments must make every effort to minimize(最小化) discomfort，illness and pain.And procedures that cause animals great suffering are permitted only when no other procedure is available.Moreover，there are federal regulations stating how animals art to be housed，fed and preserved.Not only must researchers try very hard to avoid causing physical discomfort，they are also required to promote the psychological well­being of some species of research animals，such as monkeys.
Why should animals be used for research in the first place？Is it really possible to learn about human behavior from the results of research employing rats and pigeons？The answer is that psychological research that does employ animals has a different focus and is designed to answer different questions than research that uses humans.For example，the shorter life span of animals (rats live an average of two years) allows researchers to learn about the effects of aging in a much smaller period than they could by using human participants.Moreover，some principles of behavior are similar across species，and so some basic behavioral phenomena can be studied more simply in animals.Finally，some studies require large numbers of participants that share similar backgrounds or have been exposed to particular environments—conditions that could not practically be met with human beings.
Research using animals has provided psychologists with information that has greatly benefited humans.For example，it provided the keys to noticing eye disorders in children early enough to prevent permanent damage.
Despite the value of research with animal participants，the use of animals in psychological research is highly controversial.For example，some critics believe that animals have rights no less significant than those of humans，and that because animals are unable to agree to participate in studies，their use is not moral.Others object to the use of animals on methodological(方法论的) grounds，saying it is impossible to generalize from finding on nonhuman species to humans.
参考范文
Researchers must follow rules to help animals not suffer in psychological experiments.Psychological researches using animals can make psychologists learn about human behaviors more effectively，more simply and more practically.And they also provided the information for psychologists to benefit humans.However，the use of animals in psychological experiments has caused a lot of discussion and disagreement in the public.