2020版新一线高考英语（人教版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分选修8Unit2Cloning

Unit 2　Cloning[单词　拼写应用]核心单词1．altogether  adv.总共；完全地2．forbid  vt.禁止；不准3．obtain  vt.获得；赢得4．owe  vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……5．shortly  adv.立刻；不久6．bother  vt.打扰 vi.操心 n．烦扰7．strike  vt.& vi.打；撞击；罢工 n．罢工8．drawback  n．缺点；不利条件9．undertake vt.着手；从事；承担10．breakthrough  n．突破11．retire  vi.退休；离开12．resist  vt.抵抗；对抗[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．We are supposed to_undertake (undertake) the responsibility to lead a low­carbon lifestyle，which is of great significance.2．Nowadays，energy can be_obtained (obtain) through various sources such as oil，coal，natural gas，solar heat，the wind and ocean tides. 3．Our school is a non­smoking school.So smoking is_forbidden ( forbid ) here.4．Had I realized you were busy，I wouldn't have_bothered(bother) you with my questions.5．But just as a coin has two sides，Internet has its own drawbacks (drawback)，which should not be neglected.6．Having_retired(retire) from business，he now occupies himself with his garden.拓展单词1．differ  vi.不同；相异→different  adj.不同的→difference n．差异；不同2．complicate  vt.使复杂化→complicated  adj.复杂的；难懂的→complication  n．复杂3．correct  adj.正确的 v．改正→correction  n．改正；纠正；修正4．object vi.反对；不赞成→objection  n．不赞成；反对；异议5．accumulate  vt.& vi.积累；聚积→accumulation  n．积累；增加6．assume vt.假定；设想→assumption  n．假定；设想7．popular adj.流行的；通俗的；受欢迎的→popularity  n．受人喜爱；流行8．decorate  v．装饰；装修→decoration  n．装饰；装修9．reason n．原因；道理→reasonable  adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的10．exact  adj.精确的；准确的→exactly  adv.精确地；准确地[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge.And it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities.(accumulate)2．From the appearance，we cannot tell the differences between the twins，though they always have some different ideas.And as for this phenomenon，ideas differ among many people.(differ)3．Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it，while his father objected to it.(object)4．Don't assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more.(assume)5．We need to know the exact time the incident occurred.So you'd better describe the details exactly．(exact)6．They decorated the room with beautiful Christmas decorations．(decorate)阅读词汇1．straightforward  adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的2．twin  n．双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一adj.成对的；成双的3．cast  vt.扔；投；掷4．procedure  n．程序；步骤；手续5．medium  n．媒介；手段；工具6．compulsory  adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的7．adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱8．opera  n．歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院9．moral  adj.道德(上)的；伦理的10．initial adj.最初的；开始的11．vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的拓展联想1.“动词＋副词”构成的合成名词①drawback缺点②breakdown  崩溃；故障③farewell  告别④feedback  反馈⑤set­up  计划；组织⑥break­up  分手；中断2.表示“反对；拒绝”的词荟萃①against  prep.反对②oppose  v．反对③object  vi.反对④disagree  vi.不同意⑤reject  vt.拒绝⑥refuse  v．拒绝3.resist形近词集锦①resist v．抵抗②insist v．坚持③assist v．协助④assistant n．助手⑤consist vi.由……组成⑥consistent adj.始终如一的熟词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When I arrived, I saw a 2­to 3­week­old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. 临时庇护处；简易的窝2．(2017·天津卷)This combination of healing myself and healing the world struck me as the perfect solution. 让人觉得3．China is the only nuclear state to publicly undertake not to be the first to use nuclear weapons or to use nuclear weapons against non­nuclear weapon states. 承诺；答应 [短语　多维应用]高频短语1.cast_down使失望；使沮丧2．in_favour_of  赞成；支持3．bring_back_to_life  使复生；使复活4．(be)_bound_to_(do)  一定或注定(做)5．in_good/poor_condition  状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空。Are you ①in_favour_of cloning human beings? Especially when your health is ②in_poor_condition，you ③are_bound_to want to ④bring yourself ⑤back_to_life．Don't worry.Human cloning technology doesn't ⑥cast you ⑦down.高频短语6.object_to 反对7．pay_off  得到好结果；取得成功；偿清8．in_vain  白费力气；枉费心机9．from_time_to_time  不时；偶尔10．strike_...into_one's_heart  使……刻骨铭心[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空。Only if you don't ⑧object_to cloning human beings can what you do for your health ⑨pays_off．The successful organs' cloning contributes to the patients' recovery.I believe it will ⑩strike the advanced medical technology ⑪into_your_heart. 拓展联想1.“in＋名词＋of”短语全接触①in favour of赞成；支持②in search of  寻找③in view of  鉴于；由于④in memory of  为了纪念⑤in honour of  为了纪念⑥in terms of  就……而言2．“in＋名词”短语一览①in vain白费力气；枉费心机②in relief  如释重负地③in short  总之；简言之④in trouble  陷入麻烦⑤in need  在困难中；急需⑥in danger  在危险中[句式　结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.完全倒装。Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，法国队赢得了世界杯。Then_came_the_exciting_news that French football team won the World Cup.2.“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain，newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.英语中有大量绚烂而华丽但可能很难懂的表达。English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may_be_difficult_to_understand.3.The advantage is that...其优点是……。The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。The_advantage_of_cycling_to_work_is_that we can live a low­carbon life.精讲4个考纲单词1．differ vi.不同；相异(1)单句语法填空①Even though we completely differ from each other in character，we are still great friends.②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Over the years，there have been a number of different(differ) techniques to help designers approach this important point.③As we communicate with foreigners，we should pay more attention to the differences(difference) in our body language.(2)[链接写作]——完成句子我坚信如果每个人都努力一点，我们将起重大作用。I hold the firm belief that if everyone makes a little effort，we  can__make__a__big__difference．先理解再牢记 (1)differ in在……方面不同differ from  与……不同(2)difference  n．不同之处make a difference  起作用；有影响(3)different  adj.不同的be different from...in...在……方面与……不同(4)differently  adv.不同地[佳句背诵]　The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly in character.2.forbid  vt.禁止；不准(forbade，forbad；forbidden；forbidding)(1)单句语法填空/单句改错①It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas.②I think the middle school students should be forbidden to_use (use) smartphones at school.③I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets offering free plastic shopping bags.offering前加from(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)We were forbidden from going out，so we had to stay at home aimlessly.(高级表达)Forbidden_from_going_out，we had to stay at home aimlessly.(分词短语作状语)先理解再牢记 forbid sb.sth. 禁止某人某事forbid doing sth.禁止做某事禁止某人做某事[联想发散]　与forbid用法类似荟萃：①allow/permit/advise sb.to do sth.②allow/permit/advise doing sth.3.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……；应感谢(1)单句语法填空①My English teacher is such a great soul，to whom I owe many thanks.②I owe it to you that I have made great progress in my English.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)Owing to her assistance，we succeeded in starting the engine.(高级表达)It_was_owing_to_her_assistance_that we succeeded in starting the engine.(强调句型)先理解再牢记 (1)owe sb.an apology该向某人道歉owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物(2)owe...to...把……归功于……owe it to sb.that...多亏某人……(3)owing to  因为；由于[佳句背诵]　I owe an apology to you for being unable to travel with you.4.strike vt.& vi.打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时；划(火柴)；忽然想起 n．罢工(1)写出下列句中strike的词性和词义①A big earthquake struck the city last year，killing dozens of people.vt.突然袭击②A wonderful idea struck me suddenly when I was walking on the street.vt.忽然想起③It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.n.罢工④I got up early this morning before the clock struck five. vt.&_vi.(钟)报时(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)Because we were struck by the beauty of the West Lake，we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.(高级表达)Struck__by_the_beauty_of_the_West_Lake，we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.(过去分词作状语)先理解再牢记 (1)be struck with/by为……所袭击(感动)It strikes me that...我觉得……；我的印象是……sth.strike sb.某人突然想到……(2)strike ...into one's heart  使……刻骨铭心(3)be on strike  在罢工go on strike    举行罢工诠释2个核心短语1．pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清(1)单句语法填空①What made him happy was that after all these years he at last paid off all his debts.②(2017·天津卷)Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so that we may meet again?③I'd also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.(2)[链接写作]——完成句子( 2017·全国卷Ⅱ)我想邀请你参观剪纸展览。I'd_like_to_invite_you_to_pay_a_visit_to the paper­cutting exhibition.先理解再牢记 pay for为……付款；为……付出代价pay sb.(for sth.)为……付款给某人pay back  还钱；报复pay a visit to  拜访pay attention to  注意[名师点津]　pay off表示“得到回报；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。2.in good/poor condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)(1)单句改错/单句语法填空①I don't care about the price，as long as the cellphone is in good conditions.conditions→condition②They agreed to lend me the car on condition that I return it before the weekend.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)You should lose heart on no condition when you are in trouble.(高级表达)On_no_condition_should_you_lose_heart when you are in trouble.(倒装)先理解再牢记 (1)out of condition  健康状况欠佳(2)on condition that...在……条件下；倘若……on no condition  一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)(3)working/living/studying conditions工作/生活/学习环境 突破1个高考句型(教材P15)The_advantage_is_that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优势是如果发生某种新的疾病，这些动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。[要点提炼]　The advantage is that...“优势是……”，that引导表语从句。(1)单句语法填空/单句改错①The drawback of the popularity of cars is that it brings about so much air pollution.②The disadvantage of the area is that there is no public transport.③The chance is  one smoker in four will die of lung cancer.one_前加that(2)[链接写作]——完成句子在你所就读的大学里住宿的优势在于如果你有问题可以得到帮助。The_advantage_of using your university accommodation is_that_you _can_get_support if you had a problem.先理解再牢记 The advantage/strength of...is that...……的优势是……The disadvantage of...is that...……的不足是……The drawback of...is that...……的缺点是……The problem of...is that...……的问题是……The chance is that...有可能……[佳句背诵]　The advantage of smiling is that it can not only make us happy，but also please others.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．When climbing Mount Huang last year，all the tourists were_struck (strike) by its beauty.2．Seeing Tom in such funny clothes，I was unable to resist laughing(laugh)．3．His parents tried to persuade him not to apply for the well­paid job，but their efforts were in vain.4．We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the house was finished.5．Our parents send us to school so as to enable us to_obtain (obtain) knowledge and achieve great things in the future.6．Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a low­carbon life can we make a difference(differ)．7．It's reported that there's a big breakthrough in the cancer treatment.8．There is no doubt that cellphones have a negative impact on our lives.9．(2018·济南质检)My father forbids (forbid) me to play computer games unless I finish all my homework.10．(2018·东北三省四市联考)It is reasonable(reason) to forgive him.After all，he is only a child.Ⅱ.单句改错1．It suddenly struck to me that we ought to make a new plan.去掉第一个to2．No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago.exact→exactly3．There is some doubt whether the young man can undertake of such an important task.去掉of4．There is a general belief which things will soon get better.which→that5．The man couldn't resist show off his being hired by the big company.show_→showing6．Owe to his absence，we had to put off the class meeting till next week.Owe→OwingⅠ.课文语法填空根据P11－12课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.It is a way of 1.making(make) an exact copy of another animal or plant.It has two major uses.One is that gardeners use it to produce commercial 2.quantities(quantity) of plants.3.The other is that it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.However，the process of cloning is difficult 4.to_undertake(undertake)．Many attempts to clone mammals failed.The breakthrough that scientists made in history is in the year 1996.The first successful cloning，Dolly the sheep，made the whole 5.scientific(science)world follow its process，though it had 6.more(many) problems than the normal sheep.On the other hand，Dolly's appearance 7.raised(raise) a storm of objections and had a great impact 8.on the media and public imagination.Different people have different 9.opinions(opinion) on it.However，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help 10.or harm us and where it is leading us.Maybe in the  21st century，cloning will be the biggest moral dilemma.Ⅱ.写作改错双练根据提示运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并改正学生习作。1．据我所知，人们对于克隆技术尤其是在克隆人方面分歧相当大。(differ)2．一些人支持它的发展，他们认为这项技术一定会有利于医学的发展。(in favour of；be bound to)3．相反，另一些人害怕克隆能引起一系列的道德问题，对社会的发展造成危害。(on the contrary)4．我认为，只要所有的人都遵守规则，承诺合理应用克隆技术，克隆将会取得成功。(on assumption that)第一步：练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二步：练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。As far as I know，people differ greatly in cloning technique，especially cloning human beings.Some people are in favour of its development，believe the technique is bound to benefit the medical development.On the contrary，other find that it could raise a storm of moral problem，thus causing damage for the social development.However，in my opinion，cloning will pay off on the assumption that all people obey rules and promise to use it proper.【答案】　As far as I know，people differ greatly in cloning technique，especially cloning human beings.Some people are in favour of its development， the technique is bound to benefit the medical development.On the contrary， find that it could raise a storm of moral ，thus causing damage  the social development.However，in my opinion，cloning will pay off on the assumption that all people obey rules and promise to use it .