高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first同步练习题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first同步练习题，共7页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（2020黑龙江鹤岗一中高一上期末）
Average humans can cnsume 15 r mre drinks in plastic bttles a mnth. If yu were brn after 1998, and live until 80 years ld, yu will leave behind a minimum f 14,4000 plastic bttles n this planet. These bttles take hundreds f years t break dwn int tiny pieces f plastic, and never cmpletely disappear. Mst f the waste is cnsumed by fish and birds, which has shrtened their lifespans greatly.
The Plastic Bttle Village is just a great idea that might finally save us frm being buried in plastic. It's a cmmunity in Panama that is ging t be made f used bttles. The design prcess begins with building steel frames, which are then filled with these bttles. Once this step is cmplete, and electrical lines are put inside, the plastic walls will be cvered with cncrete （混凝土）-bth inside and utside. S n ne will actually be able t tell that the walls are made f plastic. Besides, the material will keep the huse17℃ cler than the utside, which is the biggest benefit t peple living inside.
The village is the idea f Rbert Bezeau with the intentin f setting up several envirnmental prjects. Having started a recycling prgram fur years ag, in which a number f plastic bttles were cllected, he started t think hw they culd be put t use. Sn enugh, he decided t use them t build huses, and came up with a basic idea fr the cnstructin prcess.
The prject hpes t make peple cnscius f the waste that these bttles create s that they can d mre t prtect the envirnment. The village will als create an educatin center that will teach individuals arund the wrld hw t reuse plastic bttles as cnstructin materials fr shelter. Recycled bttles culd neutralize（使无效）the negative effect f yur passage n this planet, and mve clser t leaving yu’re yur "ftprints".
1. What d the figures in the first paragraph shw?
A. The reasn fr buying fewer drinks.
B. The seriusness f plastic pllutin.
C. The amunt f plastic waste.
D. The difficult situatin f wildlife.
2. Why are the hmes in the village special?
A. They' re green buildings.
B. They' re 17C warmer inside.
C. They stp plastic pllutin.
D. They' re entirely made f plastic bttles.
3. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. Plastic bttles are difficult t break dwn s they are liked by fish and birds.
B. Rbert Bezeau is the leader f a cmmunity in Panama respnsible fr the prject.
C. The prject f the Plastic Bttle Village can raise peple's envirnmental awareness.
D. Individuals can learn hw t prduce plastic bttles withut plluting the envirnment.
4. What wuld be the best title f the passage?
A. An Ec-Friendly Plastic Bttle Village
B. The Negative Effects f Plastic Bttles
C. Hw t Cllect Deserted Plastic Bttles
D. Hw t Ppularize the Use f Plastic Bttles
B
Recrd fires sweeping acrss the Amazn this mnth have been catching glbal headlines as scientists and envirnmental grups are wrried that they will wrsen climate change a and threaten bidiversity（生物多样性）.
As the largest rainfrest in the wrld, the Amazn is ften called "the lungs f the Earth". It is als hme t abut 3 millin species f plants and animals, and 1 millin lcal peple. The vast lands f rainfrest play an imprtant rle in the wrld's ecsystem because t they take in heat instead f reflecting it back int the atmsphere. They als stre carbn dixide（二氧化碳）and prduce xygen, making sure that less carbn is given ff, mitigating the effects f climate change.
"Any destructin f frests is a threat t bidiversity and the peple wh use that bidiversity," Thmas Lvejy, an eclgist at Gerge Masn University tld Natinal Gegraphic. "The shcking threat is that a lt f carbn ges int the atmsphere," he stressed. "Facing the glbal climate change, we cannt affrd mre damage t a majr surce f xygen and bidiversity. The Amazn must be prtected," the U. N. Secretary General Antni Guterres said.
Data frm the Natinal Institute fr Space Research (INPE) shw that the number f frest fires in Brazil quickly increased by 82 percent frm January t August this year. A ttal f 71,497 frest fires were recrded in the cuntry in the first eight mnths f 2019, up frm 39,194 in the same perid in 2018. "It's reprted that the frest areas in the Brazilian Amazn have decreased between 20 and 30 percent cmpared t the last 12 mnths," Carls Nbre, a researcher at the University f Sa Paul, tld German bradcaster Deutsche Welle.
Brazil wns abut 60 percent f the Amazn rainfrest, whse drp culd have severe results fr the glbal climate and rainfall. The size f the area ruined by fires has yet t be determined, but the emergency has transcended（超出）Brazil's brder, reaching Peruvian, Paraguayan and Blivian a areas.
5. What is the secnd paragraph mainly talking abut?
A. The effects f climate change.
B. The rle f the Amazn rainfrest.
C. The results f the Amazn rainfrest fires.
D. The causes f the decreasing bidiversity.
6. Which f the fllwing best explains "mitigating underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Easing.
B. Causing.
C. Wrsening.
D. Benefiting.
7. What can we learn frm Thmas's and Antni's wrds?
A. The bidiversity makes the rainfrest unique.
B. The rainfrest fires result in serius cnsequences.
C. The glbal climate crisis brings mre rainfrest fires.
D. The dry weather leads t the rainfrest fires.
8. Which sectin f a magazine is this text prbably taken frm?
A. Sprts and music.
B. Science and technlgy.
C. Nature and gegraphy.
D. Business and culture.
二、语法填空
（2021福建宁德高一上期末质量检测）
As we all knw, it is ften 1 big challenge t keep the right balance between develpment and the prtectin f cultural sites. In the 1950s, the Egyptian gvernment wanted t build a new dam acrss the Nile 2 (cntrl) flds, prduce electricity, and supply water t mre farmers in the area. But the prpsal 3 (lead) t prtests. Water frm the dam wuld likely damage a number f temples and destry cultural relics 4 were an imprtant part f Egypt's cultural heritage. After 5 (listen) t the scientists wh had studied the prblem and the nearby citizens, the gvernment turned t the United Natins fr help in 1959.
A cmmittee 6 (establish) t limit damage t the Egyptian buildings and prevent the lss f cultural relics. The grup asked fr 7 (cntributin) frm different departments and raised funds within the 8 (glbe) cmmunity. They cmpleted the prject 9 (successful) by taking dwn temples and ther cultural relics piece 10 piece and putting them tgether again in a place where they were safe.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
A
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了塑料污染及巴拿马地区即将建立塑料瓶社区的相关情况。
1.B细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，人的一生会留下数量惊人的塑料瓶子，这些瓶子需要几百年才能分解成细小的塑料碎片，并且永远不会完全消失，这种废弃物对鱼和鸟类的寿命会产生消极影响。由此可知，第一段中的这些数字旨在说明塑料污染的严峻性，故选B项。这些数字在讲人消耗塑料瓶的数量，并没有说明A项“买更少饮料的原因”和C项“塑料废物的数量”。第一段最后一句中虽然提到鱼类和鸟类在吃掉废弃物后寿命会缩短，但D项“野生动物的困难处境”与第一段中的数字并无直接关系，故不选。
2.A推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，这个村庄房子的主要建筑材料是用过的塑料瓶。由此可推断出，这些房子的特殊之处在于它们都是环保建筑，故选A项。根据第二段中the material will keep the huse 17℃ cler than the utside知塑料瓶房屋的材料可以使屋子比户外要冷17℃，故B项不正确。C项“它们阻止塑料污染”这一表述过于绝对，故不正确。第二段中提到塑料瓶社区中房屋的建造材料有钢铁、电线和混凝土等，故D项“它们完全用塑料瓶制造”不正确。
3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中The prject hpes t make peple cnscius f the waste that these bttles create s that they can d mre t prtect the envirnment.可知，此项目想让人们意识到这些瓶子制造的垃圾，这样他们就会为环保做得更多，即提高人们的环保意识，故选C项。
4.A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人的一生会留下数量惊人的塑料瓶子，这些瓶子要花上百年时间才能分解而且不会完全消失，还会让鱼类和鸟类缩短寿命，对环境有害。为了能让我们不被塑料所掩埋，巴拿马地区即将建立塑料瓶房屋，这种房子非常环保。故选A项。B项“塑料瓶的消极影响”和C项“如何收集被丢弃的塑料瓶”在文中有所涉及，但不能概括整个文章大意，D项“如何推广塑料瓶的使用”偷换概念，文中讲的是如何减少塑料瓶带来的不良影响，而不是推广其使用方法，故不选。
B
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，亚马孙森林火灾会加剧气候变化，威胁生物多样性。亚马孙雨林的退化可能对全球气候和降雨量造成严重影响。
5.B主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句As the largest rainfrest in the wrld, the Amazn is ften called "the lungs f the Earth".可知，本段主要介绍了亚马孙雨林的重要作用，故选B项。由第二段最后一句可知，亚马孙雨林的存在会减轻气候
变化的影响，但与A项“气候变化的影响”不是同一层面的概念，故不选。C项“亚马孙雨林火灾的影响”以及D项“生物多样性减少的原因”在第二段均未提及。
6.A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的第二段最后一句They als stre carbn dixide（二氧化碳）and prduce xygen, making sure that less carbn is given ff, mitigating the effects f climate change.可推知，画线词mitigating意为“减轻”。ease“减轻，缓解”，故选A项。B项“引起，导致”，C项“恶化”和D项“有益于”均不符合题意。
7.B推理判断题。根据第三段中“Any destructin f frests is a t threat t bidiversity and the peple wh use that bidiversity" 及 "The shcking threat is that a lt f carbn ges int the atmsphere, "he stressed. "Facing the glbal climate change, we cannt affrd mre damage t a majr surce f xygen and bidiversity. The Amazn must be prtected," 可推知，热带雨林火灾会造成严重的后果，故选B项。在第三段Thmas和Antni的话中均未谈到引起热带雨林火灾的原因，故C、D两项不选。A项“生物多样性使热带雨林与众不同”在第三段也未提及，故不选。
8.C推理判断题。根据第一段可推知，这篇文章极可能取自杂志的自然和地理版块，故选C项。A项“体育和音乐”，B项“科学和技术”以及D项“商业和文化”均与文章主题不相关。
二、语法填空
语篇解读：这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了埃及政府的水利工程由于会造成对文物的破坏，遭到群众的抵制后，政府成立了一个委员会，筹募资金，最终成功保护了文物。
1.a考查冠词。句意：我们都知道，在发展和保护文化遗址之间保持适当的平衡常常是一个巨大的挑战。challenge为可数名词单数形式，此处泛指“一个巨大的挑战”，应用不定冠词，而big以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2.t cntrl考查非谓语动词。句意：20世纪50年代，埃及政府想要在尼罗河上修建一座新的大坝，以控制洪水、发电，并向该地区更多的农民供水。此处为动词不定式，表目的。故填t cntrl。
3.led考查动词时态。句意：但是这项提议引起了抗议。根据上下文可知，此处是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填led。
4.which/that考查定语从句。句意：大坝的水可能会破坏大量的庙宇和文物，而这些文物是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词是cultural relics，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。故填which或that。
5.listening考查非谓语动词。句意：在听取了研究过这个问题的科学家和附近居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。空格前为介词After，设空处应用动名词。故填listening。
6.was established考查动词的时态及语态。句意：为限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物流失，（政府）成立了一个委员会。主语A cmmittee与动词establish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据语境可知，应使用一般过去时。故填was established。
7.cntributins考查名词复数。句意：该组织向不同部门寻求捐款，并在全球社区内筹集资金。设空处cntributin意为“捐款”，为可数名词。根据下文中 "different departments and raised funds" 可知，此处cntributin应用复数形式。故填cntributins。
8.glbal考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰名词cmmunity，应用形容词作定语。故填glbal。
9.successfully考查副词。句意：他们把寺庙和其他文物一点一点地拆了下来，并把它们重新组合在一个安全的地方，从而成功地完成了工程。此处修饰动词cmpleted，作状语，应用副词形式。故填successfully。
l0.by考查介词。句意同上。固定短语piece by piece意为“一点一点地”。故填by。